Organic cocoa extract -loaded surfactant-based systems intended to skin bioadhesion

ABSTRACT This study was to develop, characterize, and evaluate the physical-chemical stability, in vitro antioxidant activity and in vitro safety profile of liquid crystalline systems (LCS) and microemulsions (MEs) with and without organic cocoa (OC) extract. LCS stabilized by surfactant polyoxyethylene 20 cetyl ether, containing water and oleic acid were studied. LCS and MEs were characterized using polarized light microscopy, small angle X-ray scattering, rheology and in vitro bioadhesion, and were evaluated for a period of 30 days by visual aspects, centrifuge test, pH value and relative density. PLM and SAXS assays showed the presence of domains of MEs, cubic and hexagonal mesophasephases, varying the proportions of the components of the formulations; where in the addition of the extract did not change rheological behavior of the formulations. All of the formulations were stable in the period analyzed and presented higher bioadhesive strength. In vitro antioxidant activity suggests that LCS and MEs presented a high capacity to maintain the antioxidant activity of OC extract. The results showed that the incorporation of OC in LCS improved the safety profile, according to cytotoxicity assays of systems may be a promising platform to OC extract for topical application for the potential treatment of skin disorders.

Composição físico-química da merenda escolar municipal de Imperatriz, MA / Physico-chemical composition of school feeding city of Imperatriz, MA

O Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) é o mais antigo programa social do Governo Federal Brasileiro e atende milhões de crianças e adolescentes por dia. A merenda escolar representa um atrativo para a freqüência dos alunos matriculados nas escolas públicas, consistindo numa atividade integrada ao ensino, daí sua importância. O presente estudo investiga os parâmetros físico-químicos no que se referem à umidade, cinzas, sais minerais (cálcio, magnésio, ferro, fósforo e potássio), acidez titulável e lipídeos de alguns produtos (arroz, bolacha salgada, achocolatado, canjica de milho, macarrão e leite em pó), que compõem e merenda servida em escolas do município de Imperatriz-MA.(AU)

The Brazilian Program of Pertaining to School Feeding (PNAE) is the oldest social program of the Federal Government and takes care of to millions of children and adolescents per day. The school lunch represents a attractive one for the frequency of the pupils registered public schools, consisting of an activity integrated to education, from there its importance. The present study evaluated the physical chemistry parameters to the moisture, ashes, minerals (calcium, magnesium, iron, phosphor and potassium), acidity and fat of some products (rice, salty big cookie, chocolate in dust, paste of maize, pasta and milk in dust) that they compose lunch served in schools of the city of Imperatriz-MA, Brazil. (AU)