An Explanatory Model of Work-family Conflict and Resilience as Predictors of Job Satisfaction in Nurses: The Mediating Role of Work Engagement and Communication Skills.

BACKGROUND: The Job Demands and Resources (JD-R) model is used to examine predictors of well-being, work engagement, and individual or organizational outcomes. According to the model, work engagement and communication skills play a mediating role between work-family conflict and resilience to job satisfaction in nurses. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted considering 431 Peruvian nurses of mean age (M = 40.31 years; SD = 10.94) ranging from 22 to 68 years working in public hospitals in the Lima region. Data were collected using a self-reported form of the Job Satisfaction Scale, communication skills, work engagement, work-family conflict, and resilience. The theoretical model was evaluated using structural equation modeling (SEM). RESULTS: A theoretical model with adequate fit was obtained [χ2(2) = 6.0, P < .001, CFI = 0.995, RMSEA = 0.068, SRMR = 0.015]. Results indicated an inverse relationship between work-family conflict with communication skills (ß = -.24, P < .001) and work engagement (ß = -.10, P = .003). Likewise, resilience had an influence on communication skills (ß = .55, P < .001) and work engagement (ß = .33, P < .001). In addition, the model explains 71% of job satisfaction. Also, the results indicate the influence of work-family conflict and resilience through the mediating role of work engagement and work-family conflict on job satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: The model confirmed that work engagement and communication skills are valid moderators to mitigate work-family conflict and strengthen resilience that favors job satisfaction in nurses.

"How about We Give It a Go?": A Case Study on Supporting Breastfeeding Families in an Australian Child Care Centre.

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding for six months and continuation of breastfeeding for up to two years. Formal child care has an important role in supporting breastfeeding, as many Australian infants commence care before two years of age. Currently, little is known about support or barriers in child care contexts. The present qualitative instrumental case study explores practices which protect, promote and support breastfeeding at a child care centre located in the Australian Capital Territory's outer suburbs. Extending from a previously published collective case study, a cultural-institutional focus of analysis was used to explore the roles of proximity, flexibility and communication in supporting breastfeeding within a child care centre located close to an infant's home. Interviews with centre staff and mothers, triangulated with observations of the centre environment and policy documents provide insight into the environment. Affirming the roles of flexibility in routine and staff rostering and two-way communication, findings suggest longer-term benefits may be derived from selecting a child care centre close to an infant's home, provided mothers can overcome barriers to breastmilk expression in the workplace. The study recognises the role of non-lactating caregivers in the transition to formal child care, and of the support culture for educators who breastfeed. This study extends the knowledge base of breastfeeding support interventions in the child care setting to inform future research and policy.

Work Characteristics and Fathers' Vocabulary to Infants in African American Families.

Fathers' vocabulary to infants has been linked in the literature to early child language development, however, little is known about the variability in fathers' language behavior. This study considered associations between fathers' work characteristics and fathers' vocabulary among a sample of employed African American fathers of 6-month old infants who were living in low-income rural communities. After controlling for family and individual factors, we found that fathers who worked nonstandard shifts and reported more job flexibility used more diverse vocabulary with their infants.

Minha família é legal: A família no imaginário infantil / Is my family cool: The family in the child's imaginary

Neste artigo analisa-se o olhar dos filhos sobre a família contemporânea. Objetiva-se compreender como a criança representa e vivencia sua família, e como percebe a articulação entre trabalho, família e seu mundo pessoal. Solicitadas a elaborar uma redação com o tema "Minha família", 52 crianças participaram de uma pesquisa exploratória. A análise de conteúdo das redações revelou seis categorias de significados atribuídos à família: conflitos, trabalho, lazer, valores, união familiar e desapego. Entre as soluções encontradas pelas crianças para fazer face aos fatores estressantes vinculados à vida familiar, destacaram-se o olhar favorável sobre o trabalho dos pais e a tendência infantil de aproveitar os pontos positivos da convivência familiar e enfatizar os fatores de suporte, mantendo sua família na função de continente para suas ansiedades. Fundamentado no imaginário infantil, o estudo contribui para uma melhor compreensão da dinâmica familiar e da estruturação do sujeito na atualidade.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze children's views concerning the contemporary family. The goal is to understand how children represent their families and how they perceive the links between work, family and their own personal worlds. Required to write an essay on the subject "My family", 52 children participated in this exploratory research. An analysis of the content of the essays revealed six categories of meanings ascribed to the family: conflict, work, leisure, values, family union and detachment. In order to cope with stressful family life, children provided several solutions. Greater emphasis was accorded to three of these solutions: a favorable view of their parents' work, the tendency to take advantage of the positive aspects of family companionship and emphasizing the supportive features. Thus, children kept their families functioning as a vessel for their anxieties. Based on the child's imaginary, this study contributes to a better understanding of family dynamics and the structuring of the subject in the present day.

Minha família é legal? A família no imaginário infantil

Neste artigo analisa-se o olhar dos filhos sobre a família contemporânea. Objetiva-se compreender como a criança representa e vivencia sua família, e como percebe a articulação entre trabalho, família e seu mundo pessoal. Solicitadas a elaborar uma redação com o tema "Minha família", 52 crianças participaram de uma pesquisa exploratória. A análise de conteúdo das redações revelou seis categorias de significados atribuídos à família: conflitos, trabalho, lazer, valores, união familiar e desapego. Entre as soluções encontradas pelas crianças para fazer face aos fatores estressantes vinculados à vida familiar, destacaram-se o olhar favorável sobre o trabalho dos pais e a tendência infantil de aproveitar os pontos positivos da convivência familiar e enfatizar os fatores de suporte, mantendo sua família na função de continente para suas ansiedades. Fundamentado no imaginário infantil, o estudo contribui para uma melhor compreensão da dinâmica familiar e da estruturação do sujeito na atualidade.(AU)

The purpose of this paper is to analyze children's views concerning the contemporary family. The goal is to understand how children represent their families and how they perceive the links between work, family and their own personal worlds. Required to write an essay on the subject "My family", 52 children participated in this exploratory research. An analysis of the content of the essays revealed six categories of meanings ascribed to the family: conflict, work, leisure, values, family union and detachment. In order to cope with stressful family life, children provided several solutions. Greater emphasis was accorded to three of these solutions: a favorable view of their parents' work, the tendency to take advantage of the positive aspects of family companionship and emphasizing the supportive features. Thus, children kept their families functioning as a vessel for their anxieties. Based on the child's imaginary, this study contributes to a better understanding of family dynamics and the structuring of the subject in the present day.(AU)

Trabalho noturno e o novo papel paterno: uma interface difícil / Working night shifts and the co-parenting role for fathers: a difficult balancing act

Aumentou a demanda por trabalhadores noturnos, ao mesmo tempo em que o papel masculino familiar se ampliou. Neste estudo, objetivou-se comparar as condições de trabalho, o bem-estar pessoal e o envolvimento familiar entre pais dos turnos diurno (n=36) e noturno (n=22), que preencheram um questionário composto por diferentes escalas. Comparados aos trabalhadores do turno diurno, os do noturno relataram ter maior apoio dos colegas de trabalho e dos supervisores, maior satisfação quanto aos benefícios e salário, menor freqüência de interrupções durante o expediente de trabalho, mas menor satisfação quanto ao turno em que trabalhavam e menos tempo com os filhos. Os dois grupos de trabalhadores apresentaram pontuação média no nível de Stress e na satisfação quanto ao envolvimento familiar. Apesar de condições de trabalho mais favoráveis, os pais do noturno estavam insatisfeitos com seu turno, aparentemente em função da falta de tempo com familiares.

The demand for night shift workers is increasing at the same time as the role of the father within the family has expanded. The objective of this study was to compare workplace conditions, personal well-being and family involvement between fathers working on the day shift (n=36) and on night shift (n=22). Workers completed a questionnaire that used various scales to evaluate these issues. Compared to the day shift workers, the night shift workers indicated that they received greater support from work colleagues and supervisors, felt more satisfied with their benefits and salary and had a lower frequency of interruptions during the workday, but felt less satisfied about the shift they worked and about spending less time with their children. With regard to family involvement, both groups experienced moderate to high levels of stress and only a moderate level of satisfaction. Despite the more favorable working conditions, fathers on the night shift were less satisfied with their work hours, seemingly due to the lack of time spent with family members.