Evaluating the complications of adult groin hernia where there is no hernia registry: a systematic review of Nigerian literature.

BACKGROUND: Enumerating the complications of groin hernia repair might help to highlight the need for improvement in the quality of care. This is imperative in a country without a strong post-operative complication surveillance mechanism. Hence, this review aims to determine the complications encountered during the surgical treatment of groin hernias among Nigerian subjects. METHODS: Databases like Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed were searched. Out of the 140 papers found during the search, only 20 were included in this review. Bassini repair was the most common type of hernia repair used, and neither laparoscopic repair nor posterior approach was utilized in any of the patients. Emergency presentations constituted about 18.5% of the cases. Meta-analysis of the studies showed that more prevalent complications were wound/scrotal edema (derived from four studies), surgical site infections (derived from 17 studies), and hematoma (from 19 studies). The rates were 23% (CI 0-46%; I2 = 80.9%), 6% (CI 3-10%; I2 = 87.7%), and 5% (CI 2-8%; I2 = 83.7%), respectively. The rate of complication in giant hernias was higher than the non-giant hernias and was statistically significant [p < 0.05; OR 1.5 (CI 0.9-2.4)]. Although the recurrence rate is low, there was insufficient follow-up of patients. CONCLUSION: This review has shown that one-fifth of the patients had emergency repair of hernias and giant groin hernias have higher odds of complications after repair compared to normal-sized ones. The most common complication noted was wound/scrotal edema. None of the hernias was repaired with laparoscopy. Perhaps, establishing a registry might improve the detection of late complications in patients who had groin hernia repair.

De Garengeot hernias. Over a century of experience. A systematic review of the literature and presentation of two cases.

De Garengeot hernia is a rare femoral hernia that contains the vermiform appendix. It has always been a subject of interest, mainly because of its uncommon entity, but also because of the diagnostic challenge it presents and the lack of consensus in its surgical management. It mainly presents as an emergency, with strangulation of the femoral hernia and acute inflammation of the appendix. The purpose of this study is to present two cases of De Garengeot hernias, the different surgical approach in each one and to perform a systematic literature review on all published accounts of De Garengeot hernias focusing on the surgical management of the hernias that contained an inflamed appendix. A literature search was performed using the keywords 'De Garengeot hernia' and 'appendicitis in femoral hernia'. All the published papers in the English language from 1898 to the end of 2019, as well as two patients from Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust, were included. There were 110 female vs 17 males. The majority of the described approaches were via either a Lockwood, or a transinguinal (Lothestein/McVay) incision. Most of the operations were done with an open incision. In the presence of an inflamed appendix, most hernias were repaired with sutures. Forty-one patients had their hernia repaired with non-absorbable sutures and four with absorbable. Most of the patients recovered without complications and were discharged after an average of 4.82 days.

Hernia de Garengeot. A propósito de un caso / De Garengeot´s hernia. Apropos of a case

RESUMEN El epónimo hernia De Garengeot queda reservado para describir la presencia del apéndice cecal dentro de un saco herniario crural. Es infrecuente el hallazgo del apéndice dentro del canal femoral, situación que se presenta en el 0.9 % de las hernias femorales. La presencia de apendicitis dentro del canal femoral es una rareza, representando del 0.13 a 0.8% de todos los casos de apendicitis aguda. Se presenta un caso, se describe el cuadro clínico y el tratamiento quirúrgico (AU).

ABSTRACT The eponym De Garengeot´s hernia is reserved to describe the presence of the cecal appendix inside a crural hernia sac. It is infrequent to find the appendix inside the femoral canal, location presented in 0.9 % of femoral hernias. The presence of appendicitis inside the femoral canal is a rarity representing from 0.13 to 0.8 % of all the cases of acute appendicitis. A case is presented, and the clinical characteristics and the surgical treatment are described (AU).

Hernia de Garengeot. A propósito de un caso / De Garengeot´s hernia. Apropos of a case

RESUMEN El epónimo hernia De Garengeot queda reservado para describir la presencia del apéndice cecal dentro de un saco herniario crural. Es infrecuente el hallazgo del apéndice dentro del canal femoral, situación que se presenta en el 0.9 % de las hernias femorales. La presencia de apendicitis dentro del canal femoral es una rareza, representando del 0.13 a 0.8% de todos los casos de apendicitis aguda. Se presenta un caso, se describe el cuadro clínico y el tratamiento quirúrgico (AU).

ABSTRACT The eponym De Garengeot´s hernia is reserved to describe the presence of the cecal appendix inside a crural hernia sac. It is infrequent to find the appendix inside the femoral canal, location presented in 0.9 % of femoral hernias. The presence of appendicitis inside the femoral canal is a rarity representing from 0.13 to 0.8 % of all the cases of acute appendicitis. A case is presented, and the clinical characteristics and the surgical treatment are described (AU).

Quality of life and outcomes for femoral hernia repair: does laparoscopy have an advantage?

BACKGROUND: Due to their relative scarcity and to limit single-center bias, multi-center data are needed to study femoral hernias. The aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes and quality of life (QOL) following laparoscopic vs. open repair of femoral hernias. METHODS: The International Hernia Mesh Registry was queried for femoral hernia repairs. Laparoscopic vs. open techniques were assessed for outcomes and QOL, as quantified by the Carolinas Comfort Scale (CCS), preoperatively and at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. Outcomes were evaluated using the standard statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 80 femoral hernia repairs were performed in 73 patients: 37 laparoscopic and 43 open. There was no difference in mean age (54.7 ± 14.6 years), body mass index (24.2 ± 3.8 kg/m2), gender (60.3 % female), or comorbidities (p > 0.05). The hernias were recurrent in 21 % of the cases with an average of 1.23 ± 0.6 prior repairs (p > 0.1). Preoperative CCS scores were similar for both groups and indicated that 59.7 % of patients reported pain and 46.4 % had movement limitations (p > 0.05). Operative time was equivalent (47.2 ± 21.2 vs. 45.9 ± 14.8 min, p = 0.82). There was no difference in postoperative complications, with an overall 8.2 % abdominal wall complications rate (p > 0.05). The length of stay was shorter in the laparoscopic group (0.5 ± 0.6 vs. 1.3 ± 1.6 days, p = 0.02). Follow-up was somewhat longer in the open group (23.8 ± 10.2 vs. 17.3 ± 10.9 months, p = 0.02). There was one recurrence, which was in the laparoscopic group (3.1 vs. 0 %, p = 0.4). QOL outcomes at all time points demonstrated no difference for pain, movement limitation, or mesh sensation. Postoperative QOL scores improved for both groups when compared to preoperative scores. CONCLUSION: In this prospective international multi-institution study of 80 femoral hernia repairs, no difference was found for operative times, long-term outcomes, or QOL in the treatment of femoral hernias when comparing laparoscopic vs. open techniques. After repair, QOL at all time-points postoperatively improved compared to QOL scores preoperatively for laparoscopic and open femoral hernia repair. While international data supports improved outcomes with laparoscopic approach for femoral hernia repair, no data had existed prior to this study on the difference of approach impacting QOL. In the setting where recurrence and complication rates are equal after femoral hernia repair for either approach, surgeons should perform the technique with which they are most confident, as the operative approach does not appear to change QOL outcomes after femoral hernia repair.

Cure of inguinal hernias with large preperitoneal prosthesis: Experience of 2,312 cases.

It is clear that the recurrence rates after nonprosthetic methods for the repair of inguinal hernias, like McVay, Bassini or Shouldice techniques, are high (6-10%). Since 20 years, we are convinced, in the GREPA-EHS group, about the advantages of the use of a prosthetic mesh in majority of patients for repairs of primary or recurrent inguinal hernias and incisional hernias. We describe our typical technique for the cure of all inguinal hernias. We place a large supple mesh, by open inguinal route, posterior to the transversalis fascia and anterior to the peritoneum. We have made a double modification in the initial technique of Rives - the use of a very large unsplit prosthesis (15 × 17 cm) and the parietalization of the spermatic cord helped by a wide opening of the Fruchaud's orifice by diversion of the epigastric vessels. The positioning of the mesh is about the same as in the TEP technique but with the advantages of reduction in the vital laparoscopic risks and reinforcement of the wall by a short tension-free McVay technique.For this prospective study, we repaired 2,312 consecutive hernias in 1,828 patients, 284 of which were recurrent. We present our results in terms of quality of repairs, recurrence rates (0.4%), morbidity rate (8%), and mortality rate (0.8%).This technique involves the placement by an open incisional route of a large preperitoneal sheet of mesh for initial treatment of all inguinal hernias - including scrotal, giant or femoral - to ensure a definitive solid muscular wall, even for recurrent hernias.