What Abductor Repair Technique Provides the Best Functional Outcomes After Proximal Femur Endoprosthetic Reconstruction for Oncologic Indications? A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: There is conflicting data regarding the optimal abductor mechanism (AM) repair technique after resection of proximal femur tumors. We sought to compare functional outcomes following tumor resection and reconstruction with proximal femoral replacement based on the AM repair technique utilized. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. We established two study groups based on AM repair technique as follows: soft-tissue reattachment (STr) and greater trochanter preservation (GTp). In the STr group, the gluteus medius and minimus muscles were reattached to the endoprosthesis, whereas in the GTp group, the greater trochanter and gluteal tendons were preserved. The STr group was further subdivided into direct and indirect reattachments. Weighted means adjusting for sample size were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 658 patients from 12 articles were included. Patients who had STr displayed higher Musculoskeletal Tumor Society scores (75 versus 67.3%, P < 0.001), lower rates of Trendelenburg gait (33.9 versus 52.4%, P < 0.01), and ambulation with assistive devices (30.4 versus 54.9%, P < 0.001) compared to the GTp group. Within the STr group, indirect reattachment was associated with higher Musculoskeletal Tumor Society scores (87.2 versus 70.1%, P < 0.001) and lower rates of Trendelenburg gait (3.8 versus 36.3%, P < 0.001) and ambulation with assistive devices (0 versus 42.4%, P < 0.001) compared to direct reattachment. The reattachment hardware failure rate in GTp was 15%. CONCLUSION: A STr provided superior functional outcomes compared to GTp in tumor-related proximal femoral replacement. From a functional outcome perspective, the use of indirect STr was better compared to direct STr. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.

Distal femur fractures in elderly treated with internal fixation or distal femoral replacement - retrospective cohort study on 75 patients assessing functional outcomes, reoperations, and mortality.

PURPOSE: This cohort study aimed to describe the functional outcomes, complications, and mortality of patients over 65 with acute distal femur fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) or distal femoral replacement (DFR). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed all patients older than 65, operated consecutively for a distal femur fracture treated with ORIF or DFR. We included 75 patients (9 33A, 5 33B, and 61 33C AO/OTA fractures), 55 treated with ORIF, and 20 with DFR. We used Parker's mobility index (PMI) to assess functional outcomes at 1, 3, and 12 months and study closure. We analyzed complications, reoperations, and mortality at 30 days, one year, and at the end of the study. RESULTS: The PMI was significantly higher in the DFR group at months 1 (p = 0.023) and 3 (p = 0.032). We found no significant differences between cohorts at one year and the end of follow-up. Postoperative complications were significantly more frequent in the ORIF group (38.10% vs. 10%, p = 0.022). Reoperations were similar in both cohorts (p = 0.98). Mortality at one month was 4% and 20% at one year, and at the end of follow-up, there were no significant differences between groups. CONCLUSION: The outcomes of this study suggest that DFR offers a faster functional recovery with lower complication rates than those treated with ORIF. Additionally, both options have similar reoperation and mortality rates. Appropriately designed studies are needed to define the best treatment strategy for this type of patient.

Distal Femoral Replacement as a Salvage Treatment After Desmoplastic Fibroma Resection.

Desmoplastic fibroma is an extremely rare primary bone tumor that can mimic the presentation of other bone lesions. We describe the case of a middle-aged male with a mass on the left distal femur initially diagnosed as fibrous dysplasia that underwent a wide margin excision followed by a distal femoral replacement to restore anatomy and functionality. Histologic examination of the complete surgical specimen was consistent with a desmoplastic fibroma. This case is the first report of a successful application of endoprosthetic reconstruction after desmoplastic fibroma resection.

Worse Outcomes Are Associated With Proximal Femoral Replacement Following Periprosthetic Joint Infection.

BACKGROUND: Proximal femoral replacements (PFRs) are often used in the setting of severe bone loss. As osteolysis has become less common, PFR may be used to address other causes of bone loss such as infection or periprosthetic fracture. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical outcomes of PFR for non-neoplastic conditions. METHODS: A retrospective review of 46 patients undergoing PFR at a single institution was performed. The electronic records were reviewed to extract relevant information including the reason for use of PFR, surgical variables, follow-up, and complications. Survivorship curves were generated and differences in survivorship were evaluated using the log-rank test. Radiographic evaluation was also performed. RESULTS: Using revision as an endpoint, the Kaplan-Meier analysis of the entire cohort demonstrated a survival rate of 74% at 1 year and 67% at 5 years. Patients with a preoperative diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection demonstrated the lowest survivorship with a failure rate of 47%. Furthermore, a high dislocation rate at 17.4% (n = 8) was observed. The use of dual-mobility articulation was effective in reducing dislocation. CONCLUSION: PFR is a valuable reconstructive option for patients with massive proximal femoral bone loss. This study demonstrates that patients with periprosthetic joint infection who undergo PFR reconstruction are at very high risk of subsequent failure, most commonly from reinfection and instability. The use of a dual-mobility articulation in association with PFR appears to help mitigate risk of subsequent dislocation.

Reemplazo femoral total, reporte de tres casos con revisión de la literatura / Total femoral replacement. Three case reports and literature review

Introducción: En la actualidad, la cirugía de recambio articular de cadera y rodilla es un procedimiento común en centros ortopédicos. Sin embargo, sabemos que este tipo de cirugía tiene vigencia y requiere procedimientos de revisión. Estos últimos generalmente conllevan complicaciones importantes como la pérdida de hueso que puede llegar a comprometer la estabilidad de los implantes. Métodos: Se realizaron tres revisiones de artroplastía tanto de cadera como de rodilla que han requerido el reemplazo total del fémur y de las articulaciones involucradas en el período comprendido del 2006 al 2011. El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar la experiencia con estos implantes en cirugía de revisión de artroplastía. Resultados: El protocolo de manejo del postoperatorio fue estandarizado para todos y cada uno de los pacientes, requirieron manejo mediante desbridamientos y antibioticoterapia específica. Evidenciaron mejora significativa en el puntaje de la escala visual análoga del dolor (8-2.3 puntos p < 0.05) y funcional con la escala de valoración de WOMAC (21.6 preoperatorio a 55 puntos p < 0.05). Conclusiones: El reemplazo femoral total es un procedimiento quirúrgico de salvamento poco frecuente, demandante y complejo, que representa una alternativa ante la desarticulación de la extremidad pélvica en la etapa final de la enfermedad protésica. Se trata de una opción factible de realizar para mejorar la funcionalidad del paciente y disminuir la discapacidad residual para la realización de actividades de manera independiente.

Introduction: Currently hip and knee joint replacement were performed frequently at orthopedic centers. However, these surgeries do not last forever and thus revision procedures are required. The latter usually involve complications like bone loss that may compromise implant stability. Methods: Three hip and knee arthroplasty revisions were performed from 2006 to 2011, which warranted the total replacement of the femur and the joints involved. The purpose of this paper is to describe our experience with these implants used in arthroplasty revision surgery. Results: A standardized postoperative management protocol was used in all patients. They required debridement and specific antibiotic therapy. They had a significant improvement in the pain visual analog scale (VAS) (the score went from 8 to 2.3, p < 0.05) and in function, measured with the WOMAC score (from a preoperative score of 21.6 to 55, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Total femoral replacement is an infrequent, demanding and complex salvage surgery that represents an alternative to the disarticulation of the pelvic limb at the end stage of prosthetic disease. This is a feasible option used to improve patient functionality and decrease residual capacity for performing activities independently.

[Total femoral replacement. Three case reports and literature review]. / Reemplazo femoral total, reporte de tres casos con revisión de la literatura.

INTRODUCTION: Currently hip and knee joint replacement were performed frequently at orthopedic centers. However, these surgeries do not last forever and thus revision procedures are required. The latter usually involve complications like bone loss that may compromise implant stability. METHODS: Three hip and knee arthroplasty revisions were performed from 2006 to 2011, which warranted the total replacement of the femur and the joints involved. The purpose of this paper is to describe our experience with these implants used in arthroplasty revision surgery. RESULTS: A standardized postoperative management protocol was used in all patients. They required debridement and specific antibiotic therapy. They had a significant improvement in the pain visual analog scale (VAS) (the score went from 8 to 2.3, p < 0.05) and in function, measured with the WOMAC score (from a preoperative score of 21.6 to 55, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Total femoral replacement is an infrequent, demanding and complex salvage surgery that represents an alternative to the disarticulation of the pelvic limb at the end stage of prosthetic disease. This is a feasible option used to improve patient functionality and decrease residual capacity for performing activities independently.

INTRODUCCIÓN: En la actualidad, la cirugía de recambio articular de cadera y rodilla es un procedimiento común en centros ortopédicos. Sin embargo, sabemos que este tipo de cirugía tiene vigencia y requiere procedimientos de revisión. Estos últimos generalmente conllevan complicaciones importantes como la pérdida de hueso que puede llegar a comprometer la estabilidad de los implantes. MÉTODOS: Se realizaron tres revisiones de artroplastía tanto de cadera como de rodilla que han requerido el reemplazo total del fémur y de las articulaciones involucradas en el período comprendido del 2006 al 2011. El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar la experiencia con estos implantes en cirugía de revisión de artroplastía. RESULTADOS: El protocolo de manejo del postoperatorio fue estandarizado para todos y cada uno de los pacientes, requirieron manejo mediante desbridamientos y antibioticoterapia específica. Evidenciaron mejora significativa en el puntaje de la escala visual análoga del dolor (8-2.3 puntos p < 0.05) y funcional con la escala de valoración de WOMAC (21.6 preoperatorio a 55 puntos p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONES: El reemplazo femoral total es un procedimiento quirúrgico de salvamento poco frecuente, demandante y complejo, que representa una alternativa ante la desarticulación de la extremidad pélvica en la etapa final de la enfermedad protésica. Se trata de una opción factible de realizar para mejorar la funcionalidad del paciente y disminuir la discapacidad residual para la realización de actividades de manera independiente.