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1.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 77(S03): S0-S7, Julio - Diciembre 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-227596

RESUMO

Introducción El manejo de las fluctuaciones motoras en la enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) puede suponer un reto, que cuenta entre las diversas opciones terapéuticas actuales con el uso de inhibidores de la monoaminooxidasa B (IMAO-B), entre otros. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la efectividad y seguridad de la safinamida en la práctica clínica de la Unidad de Trastornos de Movimiento de Toledo. Pacientes y métodos Es un estudio retrospectivo en el que se registraron datos en una visita inicial y a los seis meses de pacientes con EP en los que se inició tratamiento con safinamida como terapia adicional con una dosis estable de levodopa según la práctica clínica habitual. Se realizó un análisis por subgrupos: pacientes que recibieron safinamida en dosis bajas y pacientes que recibieron previamente rasagilina. Resultados Completaron los seis meses de seguimiento 90 pacientes (47 recibieron previamente rasagilina). Tanto en los pacientes que recibieron rasagilina previa como en los tratados con dosis bajas de safinamida se observó una disminución estadísticamente significativa de la acinesia matutina, la acinesia nocturna, el wearing off, el fenómeno off impredecible y la Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale-III. No hubo variación en las discinesias. Los acontecimientos adversos descritos fueron leves, y se describieron sensación de debilidad generalizada, mareo, náuseas, cefalea y alopecia. Conclusiones La safinamida ha demostrado ser eficaz y segura en la mejoría de fluctuaciones motoras, los síntomas motores y la percepción subjetiva de la gravedad de la enfermedad tanto en pacientes con EP que recibieron previamente rasagilina como en los que recibieron safinamida en dosis bajas, todo ello acompañado de un buen perfil de seguridad. (AU)


Introduction. The management of motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease (PD) can be challenging, and current therapeutic options include the use of monoamine oxidase B inhibitors (MAO-B inhibitors), among others. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of safinamide in the clinical practice carried out in the Toledo Movement Disorders Unit. Patients and methods. This is a retrospective study in which data were collected at baseline and at six months from PD patients who were started on safinamide as an add-on therapy with a stable dose of levodopa in line with standard clinical practice. An analysis was performed by subgroups: patients who were given low-dose safinamide and patients who previously received rasagiline. Results. Ninety patients (47 previously received rasagiline) completed the six-month follow-up. A statistically significant decrease in morning akinesia, nocturnal akinesia, wearing off, unpredictable off phenomenon and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-III was observed both in those who previously received rasagiline and in those treated with low doses of safinamide. No variation was found in the dyskinesias. The adverse events described were mild, with generalised weakness, dizziness, nausea, headache and alopecia. Conclusions. Safinamide has been shown to be effective and safe in improving motor fluctuations, motor symptoms and the subjective perception of disease severity in PD patients previously receiving rasagiline and in those receiving low-dose safinamide, all of which is accompanied by a good safety profile. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doença de Parkinson/tratamento farmacológico , Doença de Parkinson/terapia , Atividade Motora , Estudos Retrospectivos , Discinesias , Transtornos dos Movimentos/tratamento farmacológico
2.
Neurologia (Engl Ed) ; 38(5): 326-333, 2023 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37263727

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: STAT-ON™ is an objective tool that registers ON-OFF fluctuations making possible to know the state of the patient at every moment of the day in normal life. Our aim was to analyze the opinion of different Parkinson's disease experts about the STAT-ON™ tool after using the device in a real clinical practice setting (RCPS). METHODS: STAT-ON™ was provided by the Company Sense4Care to Spanish neurologists for using it in a RCPS. Each neurologist had the device for at least three months and could use it in PD patients at his/her own discretion. In February 2020, a survey with 30 questions was sent to all participants. RESULTS: Two thirds of neurologists (53.8% females; mean age 44.9±9 years old) worked in a Movement Disorders Unit, the average experience in PD was 16±6.9 years, and 40.7% of them had previously used other devices. A total of 119 evaluations were performed in 114 patients (range 2-9 by neurologist; mean 4.5±2.3). STAT-ON™ was considered "quite" to "very useful" by 74% of the neurologists with an overall opinion of 6.9±1.7 (0, worst; 10, best). STAT-ON™ was considered better than diaries by 70.3% of neurologists and a useful tool for the identification of patients with advanced PD by 81.5%. Proper identification of freezing of gait episodes and falls were frequent limitations reported. CONCLUSION: STAT-ON™ could be a useful device for using in PD patients in clinical practice.


Assuntos
Transtornos Neurológicos da Marcha , Doença de Parkinson , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prova Pericial , Inquéritos e Questionários , Neurologistas
3.
Neurología (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 38(5): 326-333, Jun. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-221499

RESUMO

Background: STAT-ON TM is an objective tool that registers ON-OFF fluctuations making possibleto know the state of the patient at every moment of the day in normal life. Our aim was toanalyze the opinion of different Parkinson’s disease experts about the STAT-ON TM tool afterusing the device in a real clinical practice setting (RCPS). Methods: STAT-ON TM was provided by the Company Sense4Care to Spanish neurologists for usingit in a RCPS. Each neurologist had the device for at least three months and could use it in PDpatients at his/her own discretion. In February 2020, a survey with 30 questions was sent to allparticipants. Results: Two thirds of neurologists (53.8% females; mean age 44.9 ± 9 years old) worked ina Movement Disorders Unit, the average experience in PD was 16 ± 6.9 years, and 40.7% ofthem had previously used other devices. A total of 119 evaluations were performed in 114patients (range 2—9 by neurologist; mean 4.5 ± 2.3). STAT-ON TM was considered ‘‘quite’’ to‘‘very useful’’ by 74% of the neurologists with an overall opinion of 6.9 ± 1.7 (0, worst; 10,best). STAT-ON TM was considered better than diaries by 70.3% of neurologists and a useful toolfor the identification of patients with advanced PD by 81.5%. Proper identification of freezingof gait episodes and falls were frequent limitations reported. Conclusion: STAT-ON TM could be a useful device for using in PD patients in clinical practice.(AU)


Introducción: STAT-ON es un dispositivo que registra las fluctuaciones on-off que permiteconocer el estado del paciente con enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) en cada momento del día.Nuestro objetivo fue analizar la opinión de diferentes expertos en EP sobre STAT-ON, después de usar el dispositivo en un entorno de práctica clínica real (PCR). Métodos: STAT-ON fue proporcionado por la compa ̃nía Sense4Care a neurólogos espa ̃noles para usarlo en PCR. Cada neurólogo dispuso del dispositivo durante al menos tres meses y podíausarlo en pacientes con EP, según su criterio. En febrero de 2020, se envió una encuesta con 30 preguntas a todos los participantes. Resultados: Dos tercios de los neurólogos (53,8% mujeres; edad promedio 44,9 ± 9 a ̃nos) trabajaban en una Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, con una experiencia en EP de 16 ± 6,9 a ̃nos, habiendo el 40,7% usado otros dispositivos previamente. Se realizaron un total de 119evaluaciones en 114 pacientes (rango dos a nueve por neurólogo; media 4,5 ± 2,3). STAT-ONfue considerado «bastante» a «muy útil» por el 74% de los neurólogos, con una opinión generalde 6,9 ± 1,7 (0, peor; 10, mejor). STAT-ON fue considerado mejor que los diarios por el 70,3% de los neurólogos y una herramienta útil para la identificación de pacientes con EP avanzadapor un 81,5%. La identificación adecuada de los episodios de congelación de la marcha y lascaídas fueron las limitaciones más reportadas.Conclusiones: STAT-ON podría ser un dispositivo útil para usar en la PCR.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doença de Parkinson/complicações , 34628 , Neurologistas , Eletrocardiografia Ambulatorial , Prova Pericial , Neurologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso , Inquéritos e Questionários , Transtornos dos Movimentos
4.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 75(supl.4): S0-S10, Jul-Dic. 2022. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-219313

RESUMO

Introducción: La enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es un trastorno neurodegenerativo multisistémico que afecta aproximadamente al 1% de la población mayor de 55 años, con una edad media de aparición a los 60 años y una prevalencia en rápido crecimiento. Desarrollo: La EP es una enfermedad progresiva, caracterizada por presentar síntomas motores y no motores combinados que afectan a la vida diaria de los pacientes. Sin embargo, tanto la presentación como la progresión clínica de la enfermedad son muy variables. A pesar de que ningún tratamiento ha demostrado clínicamente un efecto neuroprotector convincente, la mayoría de los síntomas motores son aceptablemente manejados con fármacos dopaminérgicos. Más de 50 años después de su introducción, la levodopa sigue siendo el tratamiento más eficaz para tratar los síntomas motores de la EP, que mantiene los beneficios a nivel motor durante todo el curso de la enfermedad. Sin embargo, después de un período variable de entre dos y cinco años desde el inicio del tratamiento, suelen aparecer fluctuaciones en la respuesta motora y no motora a las distintas dosis de la medicación. La identificación precoz y el tratamiento adecuado de estas fluctuaciones tienen un fuerte impacto positivo en la calidad de vida de los pacientes. El control de las fluctuaciones, frecuentemente acompañadas por movimientos involuntarios, requiere ajustes periódicos de la medicación y el uso de adyuvantes con acción dopaminérgica y no dopaminérgica, siguiendo las recomendaciones de un experto. Conclusiones: El objetivo principal de este artículo es ofrecer una guía práctica actualizada para neurólogos sobre el uso de agentes dopaminérgicos desde la etapa inicial de la EP. Sobre todo, durante el período crítico después de la fase de ‘luna de miel’, cuando la aparición de variaciones en los síntomas presentados por cada paciente requiere el ajuste personalizado de la medicación existente.(AU)


Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative multisystemic disorder that affects approximately 1% of the population over 55 years old, with the mean age of onset at 60 years old, and the prevalence of the disease constantly growing. Development: PD is a progressive disease characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms that compromise patients’ daily activities. It has a variable profile of onset and clinical evolution. Although currently available treatments have failed to clinically demonstrate neuroprotective properties, most motor symptoms are acceptably managed with dopaminergic medication. More than 50 years after launching levodopa, it remains the most effective treatment of motor symptoms in PD, able to provide sustained benefit throughout the entire course of the disease. Nevertheless, after two to three years of treatment, certain fluctuations start to appear in motor and non-motor responses to different doses of levodopa. Early identification and treatment of these fluctuations have a strong positive impact on the quality of life of the patient. Frequently accompanied by involuntary movements, proper control of fluctuations requires periodical adjustments of the medication and expert supplementation with dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic adjuvants. Conclusions: The main purpose of this work is to offer a practical, updated guideline for neurologists regarding the use of dopaminergic agents from the initial stages of PD. Special emphasis is placed on the critical period after the end of the ‘honeymoon’ phase when variations in the symptomatology presented by each patient appear, forcing re-adjustment of the medication to fit their individual needs.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Doença de Parkinson/tratamento farmacológico , Levodopa , Algoritmos , Doenças Neurodegenerativas , Neurologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso
5.
Rehabilitación (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 55(4): 282-290, oct. - dic. 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-227783

RESUMO

Uno de los principales roles de la prescripción de actividad física para personas con diabetes tipo 2 es reducir la hiperglucemia. El efecto beneficioso que otorga el entrenamiento físico sobre el nivel glucémico es considerado como la suma de los efectos de cada sesión de ejercicio. Una mejor comprensión de las respuestas agudas al ejercicio, a través de la variabilidad glucémica a corto plazo, podría explicar las diferencias en los resultados de distintos protocolos de entrenamiento. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la información científica de distintos protocolos de ejercicio y su asociación con la variabilidad glucémica a corto plazo en los pacientes diabéticos tipo 2. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de estudios publicados en idioma inglés y español; los buscadores científicos utilizados fueron: PubMed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect y Medline. Solo se incluyeron estudios realizados en adultos (mayores de 18 años). Se identificaron 36 estudios, los cuales se analizaron y completaron utilizando la plataforma Covidence®, incluyendo para el análisis final 10 artículos y sumando un total de 296 pacientes. Los 10 artículos incluidos fueron divididos acorde al tipo de protocolo de intervención utilizado: grupo 1, ejercicio agudo, y grupo 2, entrenamiento. Se encontraron diferencias significativas sobre la variabilidad glucémica en el 71,4% de los artículos del grupo 1 y en el 100% de los artículos incluidos en el grupo 2. Se demuestran efectos positivos del ejercicio agudo y del entrenamiento físico sobre la variabilidad glucémica a corto plazo, siendo más contundentes los hallazgos en los protocolos de intervención que con base en entrenamiento físico (AU)


One of the main roles of the prescription of physical activity for people with type 2 diabetes is to reduce hyperglycemia. The beneficial effect of physical training on glycemic levels is considered as the sum of the effects of each exercise session. A better understanding of acute responses to exercise, through short-term glycemic variability, could explain the differences in the results of distinct training protocols. The objective of this study was to analyze the scientific information on different exercise protocols and their association with short-term glycemic variability in patients with type 2 diabetes. A systematic review of studies published in English and Spanish was carried out. The databases used were PubMed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, and Medline. Only studies conducted in adults (older than 18 years) were included. A total of 36 studies were identified, which were analyzed and completed using the Covidence® platform. The final analysis included 10 articles with 296 patients. The 10 included articles were divided according to the type of intervention protocol used: group 1, acute exercise, and group 2, training. Significant differences were found in glycemic variability in 71.4% of the articles in group 1 and in 100% of the articles included in group 2. Positive effects of acute exercise and physical training on short-term glycemic variability were demonstrated. The findings were more pronounced in the intervention protocols than in physical training (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/terapia , Hiperglicemia/prevenção & controle , Glicemia , Exercício Físico
6.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 73(supl.2): S0-S14, Dic 14, 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-229613

RESUMO

La opicapona es un inhibidor de la catecol-O-metiltransferasa (iCOMT) autorizado en Europa en 2016 como terapia adyuvante a las preparaciones de levodopa/inhibidores de la dopa descarboxilasa en pacientes adultos con enfermedad de Parkinson y fluctuaciones motoras de final de dosis que no puedan ser estabilizados con esas combinaciones. La eficacia de la opicapona en estos pacientes ha sido demostrada en dos ensayos clínicos pivotales, BIPARK I y BIPARK II, en los que se ha demostrado la superioridad frente al placebo y la no inferioridad frente a la entacapona. A pesar de que constituyen el estándar para la evaluación de intervenciones, los ensayos clínicos aleatorizados presentan limitaciones de validez externa debidas a la utilización de criterios estrictos de elegibilidad. Por tanto, se considera necesario disponer de una evaluación más amplia de la eficacia general del fármaco, complementando la información de los ensayos clínicos aleatorizados con estudios de ‘vida real o práctica clínica real’. El objetivo de esta revisión ha sido recopilar y poner en perspectiva la información disponible sobre los resultados de la opicapona en estudios de práctica clínica real en España. Los datos acumulados en España con opicapona en 18 series con más de 1.000 pacientes confirman la seguridad y la eficacia de este iCOMT comunicadas previamente. Además, muestran que la opicapona es especialmente útil en pacientes en un estadio de la enfermedad menos avanzado y fluctuaciones motores leves, lo que sugeriría una mejor relación beneficio-riesgo cuanto más temprana sea su introducción en el esquema terapéutico para el tratamiento de las fluctuaciones motoras.(AU)


Opicapone is a catechol-O-methyl-transferase (iCOMT) inhibitor authorized in Europe in 2016 and indicated as adjunctive therapy to preparations of levodopa/ DOPA decarboxylase inhibitors in adult patients with Parkinson’s disease and end-of-dose motor fluctuations who cannot be stabilised on those combinations. The efficacy of opicapone in these patients has been demonstrated in two pivotal randomized clinical trials, BIPARK I and BIPARK II, in which it has demonstrated its superiority versus placebo and non-inferiority versus entacapone. Although they constitute the gold standard for the evaluation of interventions, randomized clinical trials present limitations of external validity due to the use of strict eligibility criteria. Therefore, it is considered necessary to have a more comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy of the drug, complementing the information obtained from randomized clinical trials with that of “real world or real clinical practice” studies. The objective of this review has been to collect and put into perspective the information available on opicapone coming from real clinical practice studies in Spain. The data from Spain with opicapone in 18 series with more than 1,000 patients in total, confirm the safety and efficacy previously reported with this iCOMT. Furthermore, they show that opicapone is especially useful in patients with a less advanced stage of the disease and mild motor fluctuations, which would suggest that the earlier its introduction in the therapeutic scheme for the management of motor fluctuations, the better is the benefit-risk ratio for the drug.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Doença de Parkinson/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores de Catecol O-Metiltransferase/administração & dosagem , Levodopa/administração & dosagem , Antiparkinsonianos/administração & dosagem , Estimulação Encefálica Profunda , Espanha , Neurologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso , Resultado do Tratamento , Qualidade de Vida , Levodopa/uso terapêutico , Doença de Parkinson/complicações
7.
Neurología (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 36(9): 666-672, noviembre-diciembre 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-220129

RESUMO

La safinamida es un nuevo fármaco para el tratamiento de pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) con fluctuaciones como tratamiento complementario a levodopa. Dado que por el momento aún no existen estudios de fase IV postautorización debido a la reciente incorporación de la safinamida a la práctica clínica habitual, el interés de este proyecto radica en el desarrollo de una guía de manejo clínico de la safinamida basada en las opiniones de expertos de trastornos del movimiento. Este proyecto se desarrolló en 2 fases: una primera fase que constó de 16 reuniones locales y una segunda fase que consistió en una reunión nacional. Dichas reuniones siguieron un guion de trabajo preestablecido. Tras la reunión nacional se recopilaron las principales conclusiones de los expertos, que han supuesto la base para redactar la presente guía clínica. Se concluyó que la safinamida es eficaz en la reducción de las fluctuaciones motoras y no motoras. Los pacientes con EP con fluctuaciones leves-moderadas son los que más se benefician del tratamiento, si bien el fármaco puede contribuir a mejorar diversos problemas clínicos en pacientes con EP avanzada. Se ha destacado la posibilidad de reducir la dosis de otros fármacos dopaminérgicos tras la introducción de la safinamida, lo cual contribuiría a reducir efectos adversos como el trastorno de control de impulsos. Se hipotetizó sobre el posible efecto de la safinamida sobre la mejoría de las discinesias a dosis más altas de las habitualmente utilizadas. Se ha consensuado que la safinamida es bien tolerada y presenta un perfil de efectos adversos favorable frente a placebo. (AU)


Safinamide is a new add-on drug to levodopa for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) with motor fluctuations. Due to the recent incorporation of safinamide into routine clinical practice, no post-authorisation phase IV studies on the safety of safinamide have been conducted to date. This study provides clinical management guidelines for safinamide based on the opinion of a group of experts in movement disorders. This project was developed in 2 phases: 16 local meetings in phase 1 and a national meeting in phase 2. The meetings followed a pre-established agenda. The present clinical practice guidelines are based on the main conclusions reached during the national meeting. The group concluded that safinamide is effective in reducing motor and non-motor fluctuations. PD patients with mild-to-moderate fluctuations benefit most from treatment, although the drug may also improve the clinical status of patients with advanced PD. The dose of other dopaminergic drugs may be reduced after introducing safinamide, which would contribute to reducing such adverse reactions as impulse control disorder. At doses higher than those usually prescribed, safinamide may also improve dyskinesia. The experts agreed that safinamide is well tolerated and causes few adverse reactions when compared with placebo. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Alanina/análogos & derivados , Antiparkinsonianos/efeitos adversos , Antiparkinsonianos/uso terapêutico , Benzilaminas/efeitos adversos , Benzilaminas/uso terapêutico , Doença de Parkinson/tratamento farmacológico , Consenso , Espanha
8.
Neurologia (Engl Ed) ; 36(9): 666-672, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34752344

RESUMO

Safinamide is a new add-on drug to levodopa for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) with motor fluctuations. Due to the recent incorporation of safinamide into routine clinical practice, no post-authorisation phase IV studies on the safety of safinamide have been conducted to date. This study provides clinical management guidelines for safinamide based on the opinion of a group of experts in movement disorders. This project was developed in 2 phases: 16 local meetings in phase 1 and a national meeting in phase 2. The meetings followed a pre-established agenda. The present clinical practice guidelines are based on the main conclusions reached during the national meeting. The group concluded that safinamide is effective in reducing motor and non-motor fluctuations. PD patients with mild-to-moderate fluctuations benefit most from treatment, although the drug may also improve the clinical status of patients with advanced PD. The dose of other dopaminergic drugs may be reduced after introducing safinamide, which would contribute to reducing such adverse reactions as impulse control disorder. At doses higher than those usually prescribed, safinamide may also improve dyskinesia. The experts agreed that safinamide is well tolerated and causes few adverse reactions when compared with placebo.


Assuntos
Antiparkinsonianos/uso terapêutico , Benzilaminas/uso terapêutico , Doença de Parkinson , Alanina/análogos & derivados , Antiparkinsonianos/efeitos adversos , Benzilaminas/efeitos adversos , Consenso , Humanos , Doença de Parkinson/tratamento farmacológico , Espanha
9.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 72(9): 323-332, May 1, 2021.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-227874

RESUMO

Introducción: La apomorfina, agonista dopaminérgico D1 y D2, es el fármaco más antiguo con efectividad en el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) y el único de potencia análoga a la levodopa. Su utilidad, tanto en la administración intermitente como en la perfusión continua en el control de las fluctuaciones motoras, está demostrada tanto en estudios abiertos como controlados. Objetivo: Analizar el papel de la apomorfina en las distintas manifestaciones y momentos evolutivos de la EP mediante una revisión narrativa de la literatura científica (1951-2020). Desarrollo: Más allá del aumento de la duración del on, la reducción del off, la mejoría de la distonía en off y la calidad de vida en pacientes con EP avanzada, existe evidencia de la efectividad de la apomorfina en áreas menos conocidas de la EP, como síntomas no motores, menor riesgo de inducir trastornos de control de impulsos, potencial para atenuar las alucinaciones visuales, mejora de la clínica neuropsiquiátrica asociada a la EP, ayuda a un mejor control de las discinesias o influencia en los síntomas axiales. Sin embargo, el momento óptimo de su instauración sigue siendo objeto de debate, y existen varios factores que históricamente han limitado el uso de este valioso fármaco. Conclusiones: La apomorfina es un fármaco con propiedades únicas dentro del abanico de posibilidades para tratar la EP, con potenciales aplicaciones más allá del control de las fluctuaciones motoras. Conocerlas para indicarlas a los pacientes que más puedan beneficiarse de ellos, así como valorar adecuadamente el estadio de la EP en que iniciar la apomorfina, puede ser clave para mejorar el control clínico de esta compleja patología.(AU)


Introduction: Apomorphine, a D1-D2 dopamine agonist, is the oldest drug with proven efficacy in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD), and the only with similar symptomatic power to levodopa. Its usefulness in the control of motor fluctuations, both as intermittent injections and in continuous subcutaneous infusion, has been demonstrated in open label and placebo controlled trials. Aim: To analyse the role of apomorphine in the varied clinical symptoms and different clinical stages of PD through a narrative review of scientific literature (1951-2020). Development: Beyond on-time increase, off-time decrease, off dystonia and quality of life improvement in advanced PD, there is evidence to support a role of apomorphine in less known clinical areas of PD, such as non motor symptoms, a lower risk of impulse control disorders, potential to ameliorate visual hallucinations, improve neuropsychiatric symptoms and dyskinesia and even axial features. Nevertheless, the optimal timing of apomorphine treatment remains controversial, and its implementation of this valuable drug in clinical practice has been historically hindered by several factors. Conclusions: Apomorphine is a unique drug in the PD treatment scenario, with a number of potential applications beyond motor fluctuations control. Acknowledging these properties, selecting the patient most likely to benefit from it and finding the right timing may be key in the symptomatic control of this complex disease.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Apomorfina/uso terapêutico , Agonistas de Dopamina/uso terapêutico , Doença de Parkinson/tratamento farmacológico , Cognição , Transtornos Disruptivos, de Controle do Impulso e da Conduta/tratamento farmacológico , Apomorfina/análogos & derivados , Apomorfina/administração & dosagem , Apomorfina/farmacologia , Doença de Parkinson/prevenção & controle , Alucinações , Comportamento Aditivo
10.
Rehabilitacion (Madr) ; 55(4): 282-290, 2021.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33865613

RESUMO

One of the main roles of the prescription of physical activity for people with type 2 diabetes is to reduce hyperglycemia. The beneficial effect of physical training on glycemic levels is considered as the sum of the effects of each exercise session. A better understanding of acute responses to exercise, through short-term glycemic variability, could explain the differences in the results of distinct training protocols. The objective of this study was to analyze the scientific information on different exercise protocols and their association with short-term glycemic variability in patients with type 2 diabetes. A systematic review of studies published in English and Spanish was carried out. The databases used were PubMed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, and Medline. Only studies conducted in adults (older than 18 years) were included. A total of 36 studies were identified, which were analyzed and completed using the Covidence® platform. The final analysis included 10 articles with 296 patients. The 10 included articles were divided according to the type of intervention protocol used: group 1, acute exercise, and group 2, training. Significant differences were found in glycemic variability in 71.4% of the articles in group 1 and in 100% of the articles included in group 2. Positive effects of acute exercise and physical training on short-term glycemic variability were demonstrated. The findings were more pronounced in the intervention protocols than in physical training.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Hiperglicemia , Adulto , Glicemia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/terapia , Exercício Físico , Humanos , Hiperglicemia/prevenção & controle
11.
Conserv Biol ; 35(3): 1029-1038, 2021 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33111392

RESUMO

Spatial synchrony, defined as the correlated fluctuations in abundance of spatially separated populations, can be caused by regional fluctuations in natural and anthropogenic environmental population drivers. Investigations into the geography of synchrony can provide useful insight to inform conservation planning efforts by revealing regions of common population drivers and metapopulation extinction vulnerability. We examined the geography of spatial synchrony and decadal changes in these patterns for grassland birds in the United States and Canada, which are experiencing widespread and persistent population declines. We used Bayesian hierarchical models and over 50 years of abundance data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey to generate population indices within a 2° latitude by 2° longitude grid. We computed and mapped mean local spatial synchrony for each cell (mean detrended correlation of the index among neighboring cells), along with associated uncertainty, for 19 species in 2, 26-year periods, 1968-1993 and 1994-2019. Grassland birds were predicted to increase in spatial synchrony where agricultural intensification, climate change, or interactions between the 2 increased. We found no evidence of an overall increase in synchrony among grassland bird species. However, based on the geography of these changes, there was considerable spatial heterogeneity within species. Averaging across species, we identified clusters of increasing spatial synchrony in the Prairie Pothole and Shortgrass Prairie regions and a region of decreasing spatial synchrony in the eastern United States. Our approach has the potential to inform continental-scale conservation planning by adding an additional layer of relevant information to species status assessments and spatial prioritization of policy and management actions. Our work adds to a growing literature suggesting that global change may result in shifting patterns of spatial synchrony in population dynamics across taxa with broad implications for biodiversity conservation.


La sincronía espacial, definida como las fluctuaciones correlacionadas de la abundancia de poblaciones separadas espacialmente, puede deberse a las fluctuaciones regionales de los conductores ambientales naturales y antropogénicos de las poblaciones. Los análisis de la geografía de las sincronías pueden proporcionar conocimiento útil para guiar los esfuerzos de planeación de la conservación al revelar regiones de conductores comunes de población y la vulnerabilidad de extinción de las metapoblaciones. Examinamos la geografía de la sincronía espacial y los cambios por década en estos patrones para las aves de pastizal en los Estados Unidos y Canadá, las cuales están experimentando declinaciones poblacionales extensas y persistentes. Usamos modelos bayesianos jerárquicos y más de 50 años de datos de abundancia tomados del Censo Norteamericano de Aves Reproductoras para generar índices poblacionales dentro una cuadrícula de 2° de latitud por 2° de longitud. Calculamos y mapeamos la sincronía espacial local media para cada celda (la correlación con deducción de tendencia de la media del índice entre las celdas vecinas), además de la incertidumbre asociada, para 19 especies en dos períodos de 26 años: 1968 - 1993 y 1994 - 2019. Se predijo que las aves de pastizal aumentarían su sincronía espacial en donde aumentarán la intensificación agrícola, el cambio climático o las interacciones entre ambos. No encontramos evidencia de un aumento generalizado de la sincronía entre las especies de aves de pastizal. Sin embargo, con base en la geografía de estos cambios, hubo una heterogeneidad espacial considerable entre las especies. Como promedio entre las especies, identificamos módulos de sincronía espacial en aumento en las regiones de Prairie Pothole y Shortgrass Prairie así como una región de sincronía espacial en declive al este de los Estados Unidos. Nuestra estrategia tiene el potencial para guiar a la planeación de la conservación a escala continental al añadir una capa adicional de información relevante a los análisis del estado de las especies y a la priorización espacial de las acciones de manejo y de políticas. Nuestro trabajo contribuye a una creciente literatura que sugiere que el cambio mundial podría derivar en patrones cambiantes de sincronía espacial en las dinámicas poblacionales de muchos taxones con implicaciones amplias para la conservación de la biodiversidad. Mapeo de los Cambios en la Sincronía Espacial de las Aves de Pastizal para Guiar la Planeación de la Conservación.


Assuntos
Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Pradaria , Animais , Teorema de Bayes , Aves , Canadá , Ecossistema , Dinâmica Populacional , Estados Unidos
12.
Neurologia (Engl Ed) ; 2020 Dec 24.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33358530

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: STAT-ON™ is an objective tool that registers ON-OFF fluctuations making possible to know the state of the patient at every moment of the day in normal life. Our aim was to analyze the opinion of different Parkinson's disease experts about the STAT-ON™ tool after using the device in a real clinical practice setting (RCPS). METHODS: STAT-ON™ was provided by the Company Sense4Care to Spanish neurologists for using it in a RCPS. Each neurologist had the device for at least three months and could use it in PD patients at his/her own discretion. In February 2020, a survey with 30 questions was sent to all participants. RESULTS: Two thirds of neurologists (53.8% females; mean age 44.9±9 years old) worked in a Movement Disorders Unit, the average experience in PD was 16±6.9 years, and 40.7% of them had previously used other devices. A total of 119 evaluations were performed in 114 patients (range 2-9 by neurologist; mean 4.5±2.3). STAT-ON™ was considered "quite" to "very useful" by 74% of the neurologists with an overall opinion of 6.9±1.7 (0, worst; 10, best). STAT-ON™ was considered better than diaries by 70.3% of neurologists and a useful tool for the identification of patients with advanced PD by 81.5%. Proper identification of freezing of gait episodes and falls were frequent limitations reported. CONCLUSION: STAT-ON™ could be a useful device for using in PD patients in clinical practice.

13.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) ; 94(8): 367-376, 2019 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31266666

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Fluctuating elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is one of the complications of an implantable collamer lens (ICL), and its alteration is a predictive factor for the development of glaucoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective, cross-sectional analytic study was conducted on patients suitable for ICL implantation. Complete clinical and biometric work-ups were performed, as well as night-time IOP curve, in supine position, with 4 determinations, in order to assess fluctuation, considering abnormal with a value higher than 5 mmHg. Patients underwent surgery with conventional technique and three months after the work-ups were repeated, including a night-time IOP curve to assess any changes in IOP fluctuations. RESULTS: A total of 31 eyes of 16 patients were studied. Mean IOP fluctuation in the preoperative assessment was 3.35 ± 2 mmHg, whereas the postoperative mean was 3.0 ± 2.2 mmHg, with the difference not being statistically significant. Visual acuity and capacity, as well as spheric equivalent did show a statistically significant improvement. There were 6 cases of complications, which were related to a higher vault and a greater ICL size. There was no relationship between these findings and the angle grade, pigment, and the level of training of the surgeon. CONCLUSIONS: The effect of an ICL on IOP fluctuations, has been studied for the first time, which was found to be not statistically significant. As in previous publications, the procedure was safe and reproducible, adding the fact that the level of training of the surgeon is not a determining factor in these findings.


Assuntos
Pressão Intraocular/fisiologia , Hipertensão Ocular/fisiopatologia , Lentes Intraoculares Fácicas/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Seguimentos , Glaucoma/etiologia , Humanos , Implante de Lente Intraocular/métodos , Masculino , México , Período Pós-Operatório , Período Pré-Operatório , Estudos Prospectivos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Fatores de Tempo , Acuidade Visual , Adulto Jovem
14.
Rev. cuba. invest. bioméd ; 37(3): 1-16, jul.-set. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1093347

RESUMO

Se conoce que el Factor de Crecimiento Insulino Dependiente I (IGF-I), disminuye su expresión en presencia de déficit plasmático de zinc. El objetivo de la presente revisión es relacionar fluctuaciones de la homeostasis del zinc con estadios del crecimiento-desarrollo humano. De la discusión de la data presentada se tiene que: el crecimiento‒desarrollo humano es un proceso con incidencias del calcio y del zinc, donde el déficit de zinc resulta un factor de alto riesgo para el nacimiento prematuro de infantes y de niños con baja talla; existen evidencias suficientes para inferir una asociación débil directa entre el incremento gradual de los niveles plasmáticos de zinc y calcio con el aumento de la edad durante la infancia y la adolescencia y de que la interacción de colaboración entre el calcio y el zinc en la osteogénesis, sufre una diferenciación de funciones en la osificación endocondral, y se transforma en una relación de competencia en la formación del esmalte dental; se manifiesta como tendencia un incremento del zinc plasmático con el aumento de la edad, con sesgos debidos al sobrepeso y la obesidad y a la fertilidad productiva de la mujer. Puede entonces considerarse finalmente que la homeóstasis del zinc plasmático, estabilizada en un intervalo de valores normales para un estadio dado, propicia el crecimiento‒desarrollo necesario y suficiente, siendo el envejecimiento un momento de involución en aquella tendencia de incremento de valores plasmáticos de zinc con la edad.


It is known that the Factor of Insulin Dependent Growth I (IGF-I), it diminishes their expression in presence of plasmatic deficit of zinc. The objective of the present revision is to relate fluctuations of the homeostasis of the zinc with stages of the human growth-development. Of the discussion of it dates it presented one has that: the human growth-development is a process with incidences of the calcium and of the zinc, where the deficit of zinc is a factor of high risk for the premature birth of infants and of children with drop carves; enough evidences exist to infer a direct weak association between the gradual increment of the plasmatic levels of zinc and calcium with the increase of the age during the childhood and the adolescence and that the interaction of collaboration between the calcium and the zinc in the osteogenesis, suffers a differentiation of functions in the enchondral ossification , and it becomes a competition relationship in the formation of the dental enamel ; it is manifested as tendency an increment of the plasmatic zinc with the increase of the age, with due biases to the overweight and the obesity and to the woman's productive fertility. Then it can be considered finally that the homeostasis of the plasmatic zinc, stabilized in an interval of normal values for a given stadium, favorable the necessary and enough growth-development being the aging an involution moment in that tendency of increment of plasmatic values of zinc with the age.

15.
Neurologia (Engl Ed) ; 2018 Jul 30.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30072274

RESUMO

Safinamide is a new add-on drug to levodopa for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) with motor fluctuations. Due to the recent incorporation of safinamide into routine clinical practice, no post-authorisation phase IV studies on the safety of safinamide have been conducted to date. This study provides clinical management guidelines for safinamide based on the opinion of a group of experts in movement disorders. This project was developed in 2 phases: 16 local meetings in phase 1 and a national meeting in phase 2. The meetings followed a pre-established agenda. The present clinical practice guidelines are based on the main conclusions reached during the national meeting. The group concluded that safinamide is effective in reducing motor and non-motor fluctuations. PD patients with mild-to-moderate fluctuations benefit most from treatment, although the drug may also improve the clinical status of patients with advanced PD. The dose of other dopaminergic drugs may be reduced after introducing safinamide, which would contribute to reducing such adverse reactions as impulse control disorder. At doses higher than those usually prescribed, safinamide may also improve dyskinesia. The experts agreed that safinamide is well tolerated and causes few adverse reactions when compared with placebo.

16.
Rev. biol. trop ; 60(1): 119-128, Mar. 2012. ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-657767

RESUMO

Thysanoptera (Insecta)-Vicia faba (Fabaceae) association in Prepuna and Puna in Jujuy, Argentina. The different phenological stages of Vicia faba provide food resources and substrates for the development of a significant diversity of insects. This study aimed to identify the complex of anthophyllous thrips, analyze the species population fluctuations, to obtain some bioecological aspects and the role they play in this association. The study and sampling was conducted during the flowering-fruiting bean crop stages in two phytogeographical regions of Jujuy: Prepuna (2 479m asl) on a weekly basis, from October-December 1995-1996 and Puna (3 367m asl) every two weeks, from December 2007-March 2008. Each sample consisted of 25 flowers taken at random; only at Prepuna a complementary sampling of three hits per plant (n=10 plants) was conducted. Observations were made on oviposition sites, admission to the flower, pupation sites, feeding behavior and injuries caused. In Prepuna, the Thysanoptera complex consisted of Frankliniella australis, F. occidentalis, F. gemina, F. schultzei and Thrips tabaci; in Puna, the specific diversity was restricted to F. australis and F. gemina. Although the planting-harvest period in both areas did not match, the fluctuations in populations showed the same pattern: as flowering progressed, the number of thrips coincided with the availability of food resources. In both areas, F. australis was the dominant species and maintained successive populations; it layed eggs in flower buds, and larvae hatched when flowers opened; feeding larvae and adults brought about silvery stains with black spots. In Prepuna, F. australis went through the mobile immature stages on flowers, while quiescent stages were on the ground; in the Puna, all development stages took place within the flowers. Thrips tabaci, F. shultzei, F. occidentalis and F. gemina were temporary and opportunistic in Prepuna, while the presence of F. gemina was ...


Los distintos estados fenológicos de Vicia faba ofrecen recursos alimenticios y sustratos para el desarrollo de una importante diversidad de insectos. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: identificar el complejo de tisanópteros antófilos, analizar las fluctuaciones de las poblaciones, conocer aspectos bioecológicos y determinar el rol que cumplen en esta asociación. El estudio se realizó durante el período floración-fructificación del cultivo de haba, en dos etapas y regiones fitogeográficas de Jujuy: Prepuna (2 479msnm), semanalmente desde octubre-diciembre de 1995-1996 y Puna (3 367msnm), quincenalmente desde diciembre 2007-marzo 2008. Cada muestra consistió de 25 flores tomadas al azar; sólo en Prepuna se realizó un muestreo complementario de tres golpes/planta (n=10 plantas). Se realizaron observaciones sobre sitios de oviposición, ingreso a la flor, lugares de pupación, comportamiento alimenticio y lesiones producidas. En Prepuna, el complejo de tisanópteros está formado por Frankliniella australis, F. occidentalis, F. gemina, F. schultzei y Thrips tabaci; en Puna la diversidad específica está restringida a F. australis y F. gemina. A pesar de que el período siembra-cosecha no coincide en ambas áreas, las fluctuaciones de las poblaciones presentan un mismo patrón: a medida que avanza la floración aumenta el número de tisanópteros, que coincide con la disponibilidad del recurso alimenticio. En ambas áreas, F. australis es la especie dominante y mantiene poblaciones sucesivas en el cultivo; deposita los huevos en los botones florales y las larvas eclosionan cuando se produce la apertura de las flores; la alimentación de larvas y adultos ocasiona manchas plateadas con puntuaciones negras. En la Prepuna, F. australis atraviesa los estados inmaduros móviles en las flores y los quiescentes en el suelo; en la Puna, todos los estados de desarrollo transcurren dentro de las flores. Thrips tabaci, F. gemina, F. shultzei y F. occidentalis ...


Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Biodiversidade , Oviposição , Tisanópteros/fisiologia , Vicia faba/parasitologia , Argentina , Comportamento Alimentar/fisiologia , Flores/parasitologia , Densidade Demográfica , Estações do Ano , Tisanópteros/classificação
17.
Bol. malariol. salud ambient ; 48(2): 177-189, dic. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-630392

RESUMO

Anopheles darlingi Root ha sido considerado en condiciones naturales como el principal vector de la malaria humana en América del sur y también en Venezuela, principalmente en los estados Bolívar y Amazonas, donde se produce el 90% de la malaria del país. Durante un mes (Junio de 1999) se realizaron muestreos en criaderos de mosquitos en siete localidades del área minera de San Isidro municipio Sifontes, estado Bolívar. Los sitios de muestreo fueron clasificados a priori en cuatro tipos de hábitat larvario: quebradas, lagunas, ríos, pantanos (herbáceo o arbóreo). En cada criadero se tomaron 30 muestras con un cucharón para colectar larvas de Anopheles. Simultáneamente al muestreo de larvas se midieron cuatro variables físico-químicas del criadero: pH, oxígeno disuelto, temperatura y profundidad del criadero. Asimismo, en un criadero de An. darlingi (quebrada con sombra), ubicado en la localidad de El Granzón, se llevó a cabo un estudio longitudinal, durante un año entre Julio de 1999 y Junio del 2000. En dicho criadero, se colectaron mensualmente larvas de An. darlingi e insectos acuáticos asociados. Las correlaciones entre la precipitación acumulada, la abundancia de estos insectos y la abundancia de larvas de An. darlingi, se establecieron mediante el análisis no paramétrico de correlación de Spearman (Spearman rank correlation). En el hábitat seleccionado, los resultados del análisis revelaron la presencia de una correlación negativa y significativa entre la abundancia de larvas de An. darlingi y la precipitación acumulada el mes anterior a la colecta. En esa misma localidad, la precipitación acumulada el mes anterior a la colecta, se correlacionó positivamente con la abundancia de la familia Naucoridae (Hemiptera). Asimismo, la abundancia de larvas de An. darlingi presentó una correlación negativa y significativa con la abundancia de la familia Naucoridae. En este hábitat (quebrada del Granzón), la densidad de larvas An. darlingi fue mayor en los meses de menor precipitación, aunque tanto en la época de menor precipitación como en la temporada lluviosa, hubo presencia de larvas de esta especie. Por otro lado, el criadero típico de An. darlingi, donde éste presentó su mayor abundancia y hubo presencia de larvas durante todo el año, fue clasificado como “Quebrada con sombra”. Esta presentó mucha sombra (90-100%), abundante materia orgánica sumergida o flotante (hojarasca, palitos, hojas, semillas), profundidad promedio de 65,22 cm, un pH promedio de 6,16, contenido medio de oxigeno disuelto de 6,40 g/L y una temperatura promedio del agua de 26ºC.


Anopheles darlingi Root has been considered under natural conditions as human malaria’s principal vector in South America. In Venezuela, Amazonas and Bolivar States, it is responsible for 90 % of malaria cases reported in the country. Field surveys and mosquito larvae sampling of mosquito breeding sites in mining areas, were carried out in seven localities of Sifontes county, Bolívar state during one month, between 2 and 29 June 1999. The breeding sites were a priori classified into four larval habitat categories: lagoons, streams, rivers and herbaceous swamps. At each breeding site, 30 dips for mosquito larvae samples were made. Simultaneously with mosquito larvae sampling, four selected variables of water were measured: temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and water depth. On the other hand, a longitudinal study was carried out in the typical An. darlingi breeding site (shaded streams) in El Granzón (Sifontes county). Field surveys of mosquito larvae and aquatic insects were carried out in the same breeding site over a one-year period (July, 1999 to June, 2000). At this breeding site, Anopheles larvae and aquatic insects were collected monthly. During the study, 12 samples were taken from this larval habitat of An. darlingi. Seasonal and temporal variations of An. darlingi larvae and aquatic insects were determined. Relationships among the rain in the previous month, abundance of aquatic insects and abundance of An. darlingi larvae, were investigated using the Spearman nonparametric test (Spearman rank correlation). Results of the analysis revealed that the abundance of An. darlingi mosquito larvae was negatively correlated with the rainfall in the previous month. On the other hand, the results indicate that the abundance of An. darlingi larvae was negatively correlated with the abundance of the family Naucoridae (Hemiptera), and this family was positively correlated with the rainfall in the previous month. The typical An. darlingi larval habitat was classified into the category “streams shaded”. This streams were very shaded (90-100%), with a water depth of 65.22 cm, with abundant floating organic debris (dry foliage, leaves, trash, small stick), a pH of 6.16, dissolved oxygen of 6.40 g/L, and a water temperature of 26ºC.


Assuntos
Animais , Anopheles/embriologia , Insetos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Insetos/embriologia , Larva/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Malária/etnologia , Malária/transmissão , Estações do Ano
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