Highthroughput Screening of CuBi Bimetallic Catalyst Array for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction Reaction by Scanning Electrochemical Microscope.

The testing and evaluation of catalysts in CO2 electroreduction is a very tedious process. To study the catalytic system of CO2 reduction more quickly and efficiently, it is necessary to establish a method that can detect multiple catalysts at the same time. Herein, a series of CuBi bimetallic catalysts have been successfully prepared on a single glass carbon electrode by a scanning micropieptte contact method. The application of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) enabled the visualization of the CO2 reduction activity in diverse catalyst micro-points. The SECM imaging with Substrate generation/tip collection (SG/TC) mode was conducted on CuBi bimetallic micro-points, revealing that HER reaction emerged as the prevailing reaction when a low overpotential was employed. While the applied potential was lower than -1.5 V (vs Ag/AgCl), the reduction of CO2 to formic acid became dominant. Increasing the bismuth proportion in the bimetallic catalyst can inhibit the hydrogen evolution reaction at low potential and enhances the selectivity of the CO product at high cathode overpotential.This research offers a novel approach to examining arrays of catalysts for CO2 reduction.

The Ability of ChatGPT in Paraphrasing Texts and Reducing Plagiarism: A Descriptive Analysis.

Background: The introduction of ChatGPT by OpenAI has garnered significant attention. Among its capabilities, paraphrasing stands out. Objective: This study aims to investigate the satisfactory levels of plagiarism in the paraphrased text produced by this chatbot. Methods: Three texts of varying lengths were presented to ChatGPT. ChatGPT was then instructed to paraphrase the provided texts using five different prompts. In the subsequent stage of the study, the texts were divided into separate paragraphs, and ChatGPT was requested to paraphrase each paragraph individually. Lastly, in the third stage, ChatGPT was asked to paraphrase the texts it had previously generated. Results: The average plagiarism rate in the texts generated by ChatGPT was 45% (SD 10%). ChatGPT exhibited a substantial reduction in plagiarism for the provided texts (mean difference -0.51, 95% CI -0.54 to -0.48; P<.001). Furthermore, when comparing the second attempt with the initial attempt, a significant decrease in the plagiarism rate was observed (mean difference -0.06, 95% CI -0.08 to -0.03; P<.001). The number of paragraphs in the texts demonstrated a noteworthy association with the percentage of plagiarism, with texts consisting of a single paragraph exhibiting the lowest plagiarism rate (P<.001). Conclusions: Although ChatGPT demonstrates a notable reduction of plagiarism within texts, the existing levels of plagiarism remain relatively high. This underscores a crucial caution for researchers when incorporating this chatbot into their work.

Identification and characterization of a potential strain for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoate from glycerol.

While poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) holds promise as a bioplastic, its commercial utilization has been hampered by the high cost of raw materials. However, glycerol emerges as a viable feedstock for PHB production, offering a sustainable production approach and substantial cost reduction potential. Glycerol stands out as a promising feedstock for PHB production, offering a pathway toward sustainable manufacturing and considerable cost savings. The identification and characterization of strains capable of converting glycerol into PHB represent a pivotal strategy in advancing PHB production research. In this study, we isolated a strain, Ralstonia sp. RRA (RRA). The strain exhibits remarkable proficiency in synthesizing PHB from glycerol. With glycerol as the carbon source, RRA achieved a specific growth rate of 0.19 h-1, attaining a PHB content of approximately 50% within 30 h. Through third-generation genome and transcriptome sequencing, we elucidated the genome composition and identified a total of eight genes (glpR, glpD, glpS, glpT, glpP, glpQ, glpV, and glpK) involved in the glycerol metabolism pathway. Leveraging these findings, the strain RRA demonstrates significant promise in producing PHB from low-cost renewable carbon sources.

The complete mitochondrial genome data of Pholas orientalis (Gmelin, 1791) from Malaysia.

Pholas orientalis (angelwing clam) is a mollusc species found in the coastal areas of Southeast Asia. Despite its economic significance, genetic information on the species is lacking. In this study, a P. orientalis specimen was collected from Kedah, Malaysia, and its complete mitochondrial genome was assembled using whole-genome sequencing data generated on an DNBSEQ-G400 platform. The circular mitochondrial genome of P. orientalis is 18,995 bp in size and contains 12 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNAs, two rRNAs, and three control regions (D-loops). All genes are located on the heavy strand. The mitogenome has a base composition of 25.4 % A, 41.5 % T, 22.1% G, and 11 % C, exhibiting a bias towards AT content (66.9 %). The mitochondrial genomes of P. orientalis and 11 other Pholadoidea species were included in a phylogenetic analysis, which indicated that P. orientalis is closely related to Xyloredo nooi. The data reported in this study represents the first time that a Pholas mitochondrial genome has been reported. Such data will contribute to the better understanding of genetic relationships between P. orientalis and its relatives, leading to informed conservation and sustainable utilization of the species.

The mediating effect of job involvement in the relationship between tennis Instructors' perceived organizational justice and turnover intentions: a multi-group analysis across generations.

Introduction: This study aimed to analyze the role of job involvement as a mediator in the relationship between tennis coaches' perceived organizational justice and their intention to leave, considering the unique professional context and demands of tennis coaching. Additionally, it sought to identify any generational differences in this model. The research categorizes perceived organizational justice into procedural and distributive justice, and job involvement into job attachment and job commitment. Methods: The study incorporated data from 201 coaches working at commercial tennis facilities nationwide. Perceived organizational justice and job involvement were measured using validated scales. The mediation model was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM), and a multi-group analysis was conducted to identify generational differences. Results: Results indicated that job involvement partially mediated the relationship between perceived organizational justice and turnover intentions, with distributive justice having a stronger total effect. The multi-group analysis revealed generational variances: distributive justice influenced turnover intentions more among the MZ generation, while procedural justice had a greater impact on the older generation. Discussion: These findings offer valuable insights for commercial tennis facilities aiming to reduce turnover and manage generational conflicts. Understanding the differential impacts of procedural and distributive justice on various generations can help tailor strategies to enhance organizational operation and employee retention. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of perceived organizational justice and job involvement in influencing tennis coaches' turnover intentions. The generational differences observed suggest that targeted interventions based on generational characteristics can be effective in reducing turnover and improving organizational stability. Future research should explore other potential mediators and extend the model to different sports and organizational contexts.

Elevated plasma factor XI is associated with postthrombotic syndrome.

INTRODUCTION: Postthrombotic syndrome (PTS), a common complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), is largely inflammatory by nature with contribution of prothrombotic mechanisms. The role of factor (F)XI in PTS has not been explored yet. We investigated whether elevated FXI is associated with PTS occurrence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled 180 consecutive patients (aged 43 ± 13 years) with first-ever DVT. After 3 months FXI levels were measured, along with inflammatory markers, thrombin generation, plasma clot permeability (Ks), clot lysis time (CLT), and fibrinolysis proteins. We assessed PTS using the Villalta score and recorded symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) at a 1-year and venous ulcers at a median 53 months follow-up. RESULTS: Baseline median FXI was 102 % [IQR 92-113 %] and showed positive association with Villalta score (R = 0.474, P < 0.001). Patients with PTS (n = 48, 26.7 %) had 16.1 % higher FXI (P < 0.001) and FXI ≥120 % occurred more often in PTS patients (odds ratio [OR] 5.55, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 2.28-13.47). There were associations of baseline FXI with Ks and CLT along with thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) activity, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6, but not with fibrinogen, or thrombin generation. After age adjustment higher FXI was independently associated with PTS occurrence (OR per 1 % 1.06, 95 % CI 1.02-1.09) and VTE recurrence (OR 1.03, 95 % CI 1.01-1.06). At long-term follow-up, patients with venous ulcers had 13.6 % higher baseline FXI (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated FXI in association with inflammation and prothrombotic fibrin clot properties may contribute to the development of PTS following DVT.

Prospective, International, Multisite Comparison of Platelet Isolation Techniques for Genome-Wide Transcriptomics: Communication from the SSC of the ISTH.

Genome-wide platelet transcriptomics is increasingly used to uncover new aspects of platelet biology and as a diagnostic and prognostic tool. Nevertheless, platelet isolation methods for transcriptomic studies are not standardized, introducing challenges for cross-study comparisons, data integration, and replication. In this prospective multicenter study, called "Standardizing Platelet Transcriptomics for Discovery, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics in the Thrombosis and Hemostasis Community (STRIDE)" by the ISTH SSCs, we assessed how three of the most commonly used platelet isolation protocols influence metrics from next-generation bulk RNA sequencing and functional assays. Compared with washing alone, more stringent removal of leukocytes by anti-CD45 beads or PALLTM filters resulted in a sufficient quantity of RNA for next-generation sequencing and similar quality of RNA sequencing metrics. Importantly, stringent removal of leukocytes resulted in the lower relative expression of known leukocyte-specific genes and the higher relative expression of known platelet-specific genes. The results were consistent across enrolling sites, suggesting the techniques are transferrable and reproducible. Moreover, all three isolation techniques did not influence basal platelet reactivity, but agonist-induced integrin αIIbß3 activation is reduced by anti-CD45 bead isolation compared to washing alone. In conclusion, the isolation technique chosen influences genome-wide transcriptional and functional assays in platelets. These results should help the research community make informed choices about platelet isolation techniques in their own platelet studies.

The impact of photovoltaic self-consumption on the daily electricity demand in Spain: Definition of a model to estimate it.

Introduction: A radical shift in energy production is underway worldwide, replacing fossil fuels with renewable sources and causing structural changes in power generation systems. Problem statement: Photovoltaic installations for self-consumption have experienced a steep increase in recent years. They have reached a significant installed capacity to cause a noticeable reduction in consumption from the national grid, which can cause serious management problems. Objectives: In this work, the evolution of the Spanish demand in the last years is analyzed to identify the influence of self-consumption in the overall demand. In addition, a mathematical model is defined to estimate this influence. Methodology: The demand curves of equivalent days in years with high and low installed self-consumption photovoltaic systems have been compared. Then, an estimation of the electricity generated with this source is proposed, with a mathematical model that takes into account data on solar radiation, installed photovoltaic power for self-consumption and other relevant factors. Results: The analysis of the demand has shown a significant reduction of the electricity demand in daylight hours when the number of self-consumption photovoltaic systems increases. Moreover, the proposed model has been able to provide an estimation of the electricity generated with this source. The addition of these estimates to the actual consumption curves of years with a high number of self-consumption installations gives profiles close to those obtained when self-consumption was low. Recommendation: New storage systems need to be implemented and grid management need to be improved to take advantage of the surpluses produced by photovoltaic systems.

Ion Torrent data for the genome assembly and phylogenomic placement of mitochondrial genomes with a focus on houndsharks (Chondrichthyes: Triakidae).

Here, we present, for the first time, the Ion TorrentⓇ next-generation sequencing (NGS) data for five houndsharks (Chondrichthyes: Triakidae), which include Galeorhinus galeus (number of bases pairs (bp) 17,487; GenBank accession number ON652874), Mustelus asterias (16,708; ON652873), Mustelus mosis (16,755; ON075077), Mustelus palumbes (16,708; ON075076), and Triakis megalopterus (16,746; ON075075). All assembled mitogenomes encode 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal (r)RNA genes, and 22 transfer (t)RNA genes (tRNALeu and tRNASer are duplicated), except for G. galeus which contains 23 tRNA genes where tRNAThr is duplicated. The data presented in this paper can assist other researchers in further elucidating the diversification of triakid species and the phylogenetic relationships within Carcharhiniformes (groundsharks) as mitogenomes accumulate in public repositories.

Dataset of core and differentially abundant bacteria in various compartments of farm-cultivated and home-planted chilli plants (Capsicum frutescens).

Chillies are members of the genus Capsicum L. (family Solanaceae). They are native to Central and South America and consist of approximately 35 species [1,2]. Among these, five species (C. annuum L., C. baccatum L., C. chinense Jacq., C. frutescens L., and C. pubescens Ruiz & Pav.) have been domesticated and are mainly cultivated for consumption as vegetables and spices. Of the domesticated chillies, C. annuum is commercially cultivated worldwide, while C. frutescens and C. chinense are mainly cultivated in American, Asian, and African countries [3]. We compared the diversity of microbiota in various compartments of farm-cultivated (FC) and home-planted (HP) chilli plants (Capsicum frutescens). Targeted 16S rRNA gene (V5-V6 region) was sequenced using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Acidobacteriota, Gemmatimonadota, Bacteroidota, and Firmicutes were present in all compartments of both the FC and HP plants. Proteobacteria (or Pseudomonadota) was the predominant phylum in all the compartments of both HP and FC plants, while Actinobacteriota (or Actinomycetota) was the second most abundant phylum. Most plant compartments (leaves, fruits and roots) exhibited a higher relative abundance of Proteobacteria compared to the soil samples. With few exceptions, the soil compartments (bulk and rhizospheric soils) displayed a higher relative abundance of the phyla Myxococcota, Acidobacteriota, Gemmatimonadota, Bacteroidota, Nitrospirota, Verrucomicrobiota, and Firmicutes than the plant compartments. Diversity indices revealed that the bacterial community in chili plants clustered based on both compartment and cultivation area.

Gender and age variations in the association between multigenerational cohabitation and self-rated health among middle-aged and older adults in Japan.

Despite encouraging multi-generational cohabitation, the population of Japanese people living alone has increased. However, little is known about the association between health and multigenerational cohabitation. This study examined the relationship between self-rated health and living arrangements among Japanese adults using data from the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study (2013-2017). The analysis employed multivariate logistic regression to examine the associations. Our results showed no association between living arrangements and self-rated health when stratified by gender. Living alone was found to be associated with poor self-rated health among women aged 65 and above. A similar association may exist among men in the same age group. Among women aged < 65 years, two-generation cohabitation was associated with a good self-rated health, similar to those living alone. Among men aged < 65 years, neither living alone nor two-generation cohabitation was significantly associated with good self-rated health. We found no association between three- or plus-generation cohabitation and self-rated health. Therefore, our findings indicate associations between multigenerational cohabitation and self-rated health, but they vary by gender and age. Invested stakeholders in the public health field should consider the potential impact of living arrangements on health based on gender and age.

3D printed energy devices: generation, conversion, and storage.

The energy devices for generation, conversion, and storage of electricity are widely used across diverse aspects of human life and various industry. Three-dimensional (3D) printing has emerged as a promising technology for the fabrication of energy devices due to its unique capability of manufacturing complex shapes across different length scales. 3D-printed energy devices can have intricate 3D structures for significant performance enhancement, which are otherwise impossible to achieve through conventional manufacturing methods. Furthermore, recent progress has witnessed that 3D-printed energy devices with micro-lattice structures surpass their bulk counterparts in terms of mechanical properties as well as electrical performances. While existing literature focuses mostly on specific aspects of individual printed energy devices, a brief overview collectively covering the wide landscape of energy applications is lacking. This review provides a concise summary of recent advancements of 3D-printed energy devices. We classify these devices into three functional categories; generation, conversion, and storage of energy, offering insight on the recent progress within each category. Furthermore, current challenges and future prospects associated with 3D-printed energy devices are discussed, emphasizing their potential to advance sustainable energy solutions.

Mutations in Genes Producing Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Sulfide and Their Connection With Apoptotic Genes in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Background Despite advances in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) genetics, the role of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gene mutations and their relationship to apoptotic genes is unclear. Therefore, this study investigated NO- and H2S-producing genes' mutations and their interactions with apoptotic genes using Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Methodology A complete blood count (CBC) was carried out to measure the total number of white blood cells, while IL-6 levels were assessed in both control and CML patients using an ELISA technique. Sanger sequencing was used to analyze mutations in the CTH and NOS3 genes, whereas NGS was applied to examine mutations on all chromosomes. Results White blood cell (WBC) and granulocyte counts were significantly higher in CML patients compared to controls (p<0.0001), and monocyte counts were similarly higher (p<0.05). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly elevated in CML patients than controls (p<0.0001), indicating a possible link to CML etiology or progression. Multiple mutations have been identified in both genes, notably in CTH exon 12 and the NOS3 genes VNTR, T786C, and G894T. This study also measured IL-6 concentrations using IL-6 assays, identifying its potential as a CML prognostic diagnostic. WBC counts, granulocyte counts, and mid-range absolute counts, or MID counts, were significantly higher in CML patients than in normal control individuals. NGS identified 1643 somatic and sex chromosomal abnormalities and 439 actively expressed genes in CML patients. The findings imply a genomic landscape beyond the BCR-ABL1 mutation in CML development compared to other databases. Conclusion In conclusion, this study advances the understanding of the genetic characteristics of CML by identifying mutations in the NO- and H2S-producing genes and their complex connections with genes involved in apoptosis. The comprehensive genetic profile obtained by Sanger sequencing and NGS provides possibilities for identifying novel targets for therapy and personalized treatments for CML, therefore contributing to developments in hematological diseases.

Applications and advances in molecular diagnostics: revolutionizing non-tuberculous mycobacteria species and subspecies identification.

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections pose a significant public health challenge worldwide, affecting individuals across a wide spectrum of immune statuses. Recent epidemiological studies indicate rising incidence rates in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent populations, underscoring the need for enhanced diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. NTM infections often present with symptoms similar to those of tuberculosis, yet with less specificity, increasing the risk of misdiagnosis and potentially adverse outcomes for patients. Consequently, rapid and accurate identification of the pathogen is crucial for precise diagnosis and treatment. Traditional detection methods, notably microbiological culture, are hampered by lengthy incubation periods and a limited capacity to differentiate closely related NTM subtypes, thereby delaying diagnosis and the initiation of targeted therapies. Emerging diagnostic technologies offer new possibilities for the swift detection and accurate identification of NTM infections, playing a critical role in early diagnosis and providing more accurate and comprehensive information. This review delineates the current molecular methodologies for NTM species and subspecies identification. We critically assess the limitations and challenges inherent in these technologies for diagnosing NTM and explore potential future directions for their advancement. It aims to provide valuable insights into advancing the application of molecular diagnostic techniques in NTM infection identification.

Study of amorphous alumina coatings for next-generation nuclear reactors: High-temperature in-situ and post-mortem Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.

The present work focuses on the investigation of the thermal stability and structural integrity of amorphous alumina coatings intended for use as protective coatings on cladding tubes in Generation IV nuclear reactors, specifically in the Lead-cooled Fast Reactor (LFR) type. High-temperature Raman spectroscopy and high-temperature X-ray diffraction analyses were carried out up to 1050 °C on a 5 µm coating deposited by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique on a 316L steel substrate. The experiments involved the in-situ examination of structural changes in the material under increasing temperature, along with ex-situ Raman imaging of the surface and cross-section of the coating after thermal treatments of different lengths. As it was expected, the presence of α-alumina was detected with the addition of other polymorphs, γ- and θ-Al2O3, found in the material after longer high-temperature exposure. The use of two structural analysis methods and two lasers excitation wavelengths with Raman spectroscopy allowed us to detect all the mentioned phases despite different mode activity. Alumina analysis was based on the emission spectra, while substrate oxidation products were identified through the structural bands. The experiments depicted a dependence of the phase composition of oxidation products and alumina's degree of crystallization on the length of the treatment. Nevertheless, the observed structural changes did not occur rapidly, and the coating's integrity remained intact. Moreover, oxidation signs occurred locally at temperatures exceeding the LFR reactor's working temperature, confirming the material's great potential as a protective coating in the operational conditions of LFR nuclear reactors.

[Bayesian network prediction study on the impact of occupational health psychological factors on insomnia among thermal power generation workers].

Objective: To explore the risk factors of insomnia among employees in the thermal power generation industry and the network relationships between their interactions, and to provide scientific basis for personalized interventions for high-risk groups with insomnia. Methods: In November 2022, 860 employees of a typical thermal power generation enterprise were selected as the research subjects by cluster sampling. On-site occupational health field surveys and questionnaire surveys were used to collect basic information, occupational characteristics, anxiety, depression, stress, occupational stress, and insomnia. The interaction between insomnia and occupational health psychological factors was evaluated by using structural equation model analysis and Bayesian network construction. Results: The detection rates of anxiety, depression and stress were 34.0% (292/860), 32.1% (276/860) and 18.0% (155/860), respectively. The total score of occupational stress was (445.3±49.9) points, and 160 workers (18.6%) were suspected of insomnia, and 578 workers (67.2%) had insomnia. Structural equation model analysis showed that occupational stress had a significant effect on the occurrence of insomnia in thermal power generation workers (standardized load coefficient was 0.644), and occupational health psychology had a low effect on insomnia (standardized load coefficient was 0.065). However, the Bayesian network model further analysis found that anxiety and stress were the two parent nodes of insomnia, with direct causal relationships, the arc strength was-8.607 and -15.665, respectively. The model prediction results showed that the probability of insomnia occurring was predicted to be 0 in the cases of no stress and anxiety, low stress without anxiety, and no stress with low anxiety. When high stress with low anxiety and low stress with high anxiety occurred, the predicted probability of insomnia occurring were 0.38 and 0.47, respectively. When both high stress and high anxiety occurred simultaneously, the predicted probability of insomnia occurring was 0.51. Conclusion: Bayesian network risk assessment can intuitively reveal and predict the insomnia risk of thermal power generation workers and the network interaction relationship between the risks. Anxiety and stress are the direct causal risks of insomnia, and stress is the main risk of individual insomnia of thermal power generation workers. The occurrence of insomnia can be reduced based on scientific intervention of stress conditions.

The application effect of the optimized scheduling model of virtual power plant participation in the new electric power system.

To build a comprehensive framework for virtual power plant (VPP) development aligned with market dynamics and to devise effective strategies to foster its growth, this study undertakes several key steps. Firstly, it constructs a VPP development framework based on market conditions, to drive the evolution of new power systems and facilitating energy transformation. Secondly, through a blend of theoretical analysis and model construction, the fundamental principles of VPP are systematically elucidated, and a decision model for the VPP development framework, focusing on price demand response, is formulated. Lastly, an optimal scheduling model for the new power system is developed, with its efficacy validated across three distinct scenarios. The findings underscore the critical importance of integrating energy storage technologies, particularly pumped storage hydropower systems, for achieving balance and optimization within new power systems. Model verification reveals that the incorporation of energy storage power stations significantly enhances system stability and efficiency, particularly in addressing the volatility associated with renewable energy sources. Additionally, the analysis indicates that while the adoption of energy storage technologies may marginally increase overall power generation costs, the total power generation cost declines with the integration of battery storage and pumped storage hydropower stations. This suggests that leveraging energy storage technologies not only enhances system operational reliability but also contributes to reducing the overall cost of power production to a certain extent. In summary, this study presents an economic and environmentally sustainable scheduling model for new power systems within the context of market trading environments. By offering both theoretical insights and practical guidance, it aims to support sustainable development and energy transformation initiatives. Ultimately, the study is poised to foster the adoption of clean energy, facilitate the establishment of smart grids, and bolster the sustainable utilization of energy resources, thereby advancing environmental conservation efforts.

Bottle Nanomotors Amplify Tumor Oxidative Stress for Enhanced Calcium Overload/Chemodynamic Therapy.

Developing multifunctional, stimuli-responsive nanomedicine is intriguing because it has the potential to effectively treat cancer. Yet, poor tumor penetration of nanodrugs results in limited antitumor efficacy. Herein, an oxygen-driven silicon-based nanomotor (Si-motor) loaded with MnO and CaO2 nanoparticles is developed, which can move in tumor microenvironment (TME) by the cascade reaction of CaO2 and MnO. Under acidic TME, CaO2 reacts with acid to release Ca2+ to induce mitochondrial damage and simultaneously produces O2 and H2O2, when the loaded MnO exerts Fenton-like activity to produce ·OH and O2 based on the produced H2O2. The generated O2 drives Si-motor forward, thus endowing active delivery capability of the formed motors in TME. Meanwhile, MnO with glutathione (GSH) depletion ability further prevents reactive oxygen species (ROS) from being destroyed. Such TME actuated Si-motor with enhanced cellular uptake and deep penetration provides amplification of synergistic oxidative stresscaused by intracellular Ca2 + overloading, GSH depletion induced by Mn2+, and Mn2+ mediated chemodynamic treatment (CDT), leading to excellent tumor cell death. The created nanomotor may offer an effective platform for active synergistic cancer treatment.

In-situ electrochemical impedance analysis of a commercial SOFC stack fueled by real wood gas.

The combination of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and wood gasification has the potential to significantly increase renewable electricity production and decrease emissions. Depending on the quality of the wood gas, degradation processes have a significant impact on the reliability and lifetime of the SOFC. Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and subsequent distribution of relaxation times (DRT) analysis, the impact on the degradation of coupling wood gasification with a commercial SOFC stack is determined in this study. The thermal behavior of the SOFC stack under various operating conditions, as well as various synthetic wood gas mixtures classified by their hydrogen-to-carbon (H/C) ratio, was assessed. The decrease in the H/C ratio from 8 to 1, observed during syngas and real wood gas operation, leads to a rightward shift in the Nyquist plots, suggesting an increase in the SOFC stack's impedance. Correlations between variations in the H/C ratio and their effects on anodic electrooxidation, ionic conduction, gas transport, and diffusion were identified using DRT analysis to interpret the EIS results. By incorporating an upstream desulfurization system and ensuring an H/C ratio greater than 2, the coupling of biomass gasification with the SOFC stack was stable to degradation issues.

Disseminated Acanthamoeba castellanii infection in a patient with AIDS: a case report and literature review.

Background: Acanthamoeba castellanii infection is a rare condition primarily occurring in immunocompromised patients with extremely high mortality. Currently, there is no standard treatment for this condition, and successful treatment reports are scarce. Case presentation: We present a case of Acanthamoeba castellanii infection in a 63-year-old female patient with AIDS, who was admitted to our hospital with symptoms of fever, skin ulcers, subcutaneous nodules, and food regurgitation from the nose while eating. After initial empirical treatment failed, a biopsy of the subcutaneous nodule was performed, and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology was used to detect pathogenic microorganisms in both the biopsy specimen and blood samples. The results revealed Acanthamoeba castellanii infection. Additionally, histopathological examination of the biopsy specimen and cytological examination of the secretions from the ulcer surface also confirmed this pathogenic infection. The patient's symptoms significantly improved upon discharge after adjusting the treatment regimen to a combination of anti-amebic therapy. Conclusion: Immunocompromised patients presenting with unexplained fever and skin or sinus lesions should be evaluated for Acanthamoeba castellanii infection. Multi-drug combination therapy is required for this organism infection, and a standard treatment protocol still needs further research. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing is a valuable tool for early diagnosis of unknown pathogen infections.