Complicaciones perianales causadas por agentes modeladores inyectados en glúteos / Perianal complications caused by gluteal injection of modeling agents

En este reporte presentamos tres pacientes en quienes ocurrieron condiciones inflamatorias perianales tardías, luego de la administración de sustancias modeladoras no identificadas en los glúteos. El diagnóstico inicial y supuesto no fue correcto, ya que no se investigó durante la evaluación preliminar el antecedente de la administración de elementos modeladores. Recomendamos que los pacientes con patologías inflamatorias del ano, sobre todo aquellos cuyo curso es extraño, se les pregunte acerca de la administración de agentes modeladores en los glúteos. Esta práctica puede contribuir a la eficacia del diagnóstico de manifestaciones perianales caracterizadas por flogosis, que se presentan de forma inusual. (AU)

In this report we present three patients in which late perianal inflammatory conditions occurred after administration of unidentified modeling agents to the buttocks. The initial diagnosis was not correct because of the administration of modeling agents was not investigated during the initial eval-uation. We recommend inquiring patients with inflammatory pathologies of the anus, especially those whose course is unusual, about the adminis-tration of modeling agents to the buttocks. This approach can contribute to the efficiency of the diagnosis of perianal complaints characterized by inflammation, but rare in its appearance. (AU)

Dolor al administrar medicamento por inyección intramuscular: ventroglútea vs dorsoglútea / Pain in the administration of drugs by intramuscular injection: ventrogluteal vs dorsogluteal / Dor na administração intramuscular de drogas: ventroglúteo vs dorsogluteal

ResumenIntroducción. La inyección intramuscular es una técnica que causa dolor e incomodidad a las personas. Con el objetivo de determinar la zona de punción menos dolorosa para la administración de medicamentos intramusculares en glúteo, se realizó una revisión de literatura en busca de la evidencia de mayor calidad. Método. Se empleó el método propuesto por el enfoque de la Práctica Clínica de Enfermería Basada en la Evidencia. Se recopiló estudios de EBSCOhost, Google, Google Académico, Cochrane Library y PubMed. Se aplicó los filtros propuestos para la selección: se sometió los dos artículos seleccionados a lectura crítica mediante la plataforma FLC 2.0 con la cual se valoró la calidad de los estudios. El riesgo de sesgo se valoró con The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias. A través del sistema de clasificación GRADE se determinó la calidad de la evidencia y la fuerza de la recomendación de la intervención.Resultado. Los artículos incluidos en el estudio respondieron parcialmente a la pregunta clínica planteada. La percepción de dolor durante la administración de inyectables en el sitio ventroglúteo es menor que en el dorsoglúteo, los hallazgos tuvieron un nivel de evidencia moderado y la fuerza de recomendación fue 1B.Conclusión. No hay evidencia contundente para preferir la elección del sitio ventroglúteo sobre el dorsoglúteo para disminuir el dolor asociado a la administración intramuscular de analgésicos antiinflamatorios, aunque el primer sitio posee mayores ventajas en comparación con el segundo.

AbstractIntroduction. Intramuscular injection is a technique that causes pain and discomfort to people. In order to determine the least painful puncture site for the administration of intramuscular gluteal medications, a literature review was conducted in search of the highest quality evidence.Method.The method used in this research was the Evidence-Based Nursing approach. The studies were collected from EBSCOhost, Google, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library and PubMed. Filters of the selection criteria were applied to the papers and then were subjected to critical appraisal using the web platform FLC 2.0 leaving 2 articles remaining. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias was applied and afterwards the GRADE approach was used to determine the quality of the evidence and strength of recommendation.Result. Papers included in the study responded partially the clinical question posed. The ventrogluteal IM injection site seems to be less painful than in the dorsogluteal site during the administration of analgesic antiinflammatory drugs, the findings had a moderate level of evidence and strength of recommendation was 1B. Conclusion. No strong evidence was found to prefer the ventrogluteal site rather than the dorsogluteal site in order to reduce pain associated with intramuscular administration of anti-inflammatory analgesics drugs. Although the first injection site has major advantages compared to the second

ResumoIntrodução: A injeção intramuscular é uma técnica que causa dor e desconforto para as pessoas. Com o objetivo de determinar o local da punção menos doloroso para a administração de medicamentos intramusculares no glúteo, realizou-se uma revisão de literatura em busca de evidência de maior qualidade.Materiais e método: Empregou-se o método proposto pelo enfoque de Prática Clínica de Enfermagem Baseada em Evidência. Realizaram-se estudos de EBSCOhost, Google, Google Acadêmico, Cochrane Library e PubMed. Aplicaram-se os filtros propostos para a seleção: foram submetidos dois artigos selecionados para a leitura crítica mediante a plataforma FLC 2.0 com a qual se estabeleceu um valor para a qualidade dos estudos. O risco de inclinação se determina com The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias. Através do sistema de classificação GRADE se determinou a qualidade de evidência e a necessidade da recomendação da intervenção. Resultados: Os artigos incluídos no estudo responderam parcialmente a pergunta clínica planteada. A percepção da dor durante a administração de injetáveis no local ventroglúteo é menor que no dorsoglúteo, as descobertas tiveram um nível de evidência moderado e a necessidade de recomendação foi 1B.Conclusões:Não há evidência contundente para preferir a escolha do local ventroglúteo sobre o dorsoglúteo para diminuir a dor associada a administração intramuscular de analgésicos antiinflamatórios, embora o primeiro local possua maiores vantagens em comparação com o segundo.

[Perineal reconstruction: Salvage surgery with 2flaps technique]. / Reconstrucción perineal: cirugía de rescate con técnica de 2colgajos.

BACKGROUND: The principles of perineal reconstructive surgery comprise adequate filling of the defect along with stable and durable skin coverage, with a low morbidity rate. Two-flap perineal reconstruction is a simple, fast and reliable technique that uses a single donor site. This improves scar position with low morbidity. It is based in the use of 2flaps; one flap fills the defect with a «turn over¼ technique and the other is a rotation - advancement flap for skin coverage. CLINICAL CASE: A 52-year-old male diagnosed with Lynch syndrome who underwent laparoscopic abdominoperineal amputation for adenocarcinoma of the lower rectum and developed recurrence 2years later over the perineal scar that required radical resection and perineal reconstruction. CONCLUSION: The use of this approach facilitates perineal reconstruction and enables treatment of patients with large and complex defects in frequently irradiated tissues where wound dehiscence and infection are common.