Plasma Steroids and Endocannabinoids Used as Biomarkers to Assess the Pruritus Severity of Patients With Prurigo Nodularis. / [Artículo traducido] Esteroides y endocannabinoides plasmáticos utilizados como biomarcadores para evaluar la gravedad del prurito de los pacientes con prúrigo nodular.

BACKGROUND: Prurigo nodularis (PN) as an extremely pruritic and hyperplastic chronic dermatosis induces psychologically and physiologically stressful responses. PN-induced responses in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axes and endocannabinoid system are abnormal. Extant studies on the PN's pathogenesis mostly focused on the PN's psychological responses. To date, the PN's physiological responses remain not been fully uncovered yet. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the PN-induced physiological responses via the levels of 5steroids and 2endocannabinoids combined with their ratios in plasma and examine the association between the psychological and physiological responses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six patients with PN, 36 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited. The PN's psychological symptoms including pruritus severity, pain and life quality were measured with the visual analogue scale, the prurigo score index, numerical rating scale, verbal rating scale and dermatology life quality index. Their concentrations of steroids and endocannabinoids were determined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Compared to controls, the PN patients showed lower plasma levels in cortisol, cortisone, N-arachidonoyl-ethanolamine, and the ratio of DHEA to 1-arachydonoyl glycerol (1-AG), which negatively moderately and over correlated with PN's symptoms, especially with the pruritus severity. Additionally, the PN patients exhibited higher levels in the ratios of testosterone and 1-AG to cortisol, which positively moderately and over correlated with pruritus severity. Thus, the 7biomarkers would be sensitive and reliable biomarkers for assessing the pruritus severity of PN because they met the screening criteria that the biomarkers show intergroup differences and showed moderate or over correlation with the pruritus severity of PN. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study exploring PN-induced physiological responses. The findigs suggest that alterations in these 3endocrine systems may lead to new insights to psychological mechanisms and responses to PN.

Plasma Steroids and Endocannabinoids Used as Biomarkers to Assess the Pruritus Severity of Patients With Prurigo Nodularis.

BACKGROUND: Prurigo nodularis (PN) as an extremely pruritic and hyperplastic chronic dermatosis induces psychologically and physiologically stressful responses. PN-induced responses in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA), hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axes and endocannabinoid system (ECS) are abnormal. Extant studies on the PN's pathogenesis mostly focused on the PN's psychological responses. To date, the PN's physiological responses remain not been fully uncovered yet. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the PN-induced physiological responses via the levels of five steroids and two endocannabinoids combined with their ratios in plasma and examine the association between the psychological and physiological responses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six patients with PN, 36 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited. The PN's psychological symptoms including pruritus severity, pain and life quality were measured with the visual analog scale, the prurigo score index, numerical rating scale, verbal rating scale and dermatology life quality index. Their concentrations of steroids and endocannabinoids were determined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Compared to controls, the PN patients showed lower plasma levels in cortisol, cortisone, N-arachidonoyl-ethanolamine (AEA), and the ratio of DHEA to 1-arachydonoyl glycerol (1-AG), which negatively moderately and over correlated with PN's symptoms, especially with the pruritus severity. Additionally, the PN patients exhibited higher levels in the ratios of testosterone and 1-AG to cortisol, which positively moderately and over correlated with pruritus severity. Thus, the seven biomarkers would be sensitive and reliable biomarkers for assessing the pruritus severity of PN because they met the screening criteria that the biomarkers show intergroup differences and showed moderate or over correlation with the pruritus severity of PN. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study exploring PN-induced physiological responses. The findings suggest that alterations in these three endocrine systems may lead to new insights to psychological mechanisms and responses to prurigo nodularis.

Plasma Steroids and Endocannabinoids Used as Biomarkers to Assess the Pruritus Severity of Patients With Prurigo Nodularis / Esteroides y endocannabinoides plasmáticos utilizados como biomarcadores para evaluar la gravedad del prurito de los pacientes con prúrigo nodular

Background: Prurigo nodularis (PN) as an extremely pruritic and hyperplastic chronic dermatosis induces psychologically and physiologically stressful responses. PN-induced responses in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA), hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axes and endocannabinoid system (ECS) are abnormal. Extant studies on the PN's pathogenesis mostly focused on the PN's psychological responses. To date, the PN's physiological responses remain not been fully uncovered yet. Objectives: To investigate the PN-induced physiological responses via the levels of five steroids and two endocannabinoids combined with their ratios in plasma and examine the association between the psychological and physiological responses. Materials and methods: Thirty-six patients with PN, 36 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited. The PN's psychological symptoms including pruritus severity, pain and life quality were measured with the visual analog scale, the prurigo score index, numerical rating scale, verbal rating scale and dermatology life quality index. Their concentrations of steroids and endocannabinoids were determined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results: Compared to controls, the PN patients showed lower plasma levels in cortisol, cortisone, N-arachidonoyl-ethanolamine (AEA), and the ratio of DHEA to 1-arachydonoyl glycerol (1-AG), which negatively moderately and over correlated with PN's symptoms, especially with the pruritus severity. Additionally, the PN patients exhibited higher levels in the ratios of testosterone and 1-AG to cortisol, which positively moderately and over correlated with pruritus severity. Thus, the seven biomarkers would be sensitive and reliable biomarkers for assessing the pruritus severity of PN because they met the screening criteria that the biomarkers show intergroup differences and showed moderate or over correlation with the pruritus severity of PN AU)

Antecedentes: El prúrigo nodular (PN), una dermatosis crónica prurítica e hiperplásica, induce respuestas psicológica y fisiológicamente estresantes. Las respuestas inducidas por PN en los ejes hipotalámico-pituitario-adrenal (HPA) e hipotalámico-pituitario-gonadal (HPG) y en el sistema endocannabinoide (SEC) son anómalas. En cierta medida los estudios sobre la patogenia de PN se centran principalmente en las respuestas psicológicas del mismo. Hasta la fecha no se han revelado plenamente las respuestas fisiológicas. Objetivos: Investigar las respuestas fisiológicas inducidas por PN a través de los niveles de cinco esteroides y dos endocannabinoides junto con sus ratios a nivel plasmático, y examinar la asociación entre las respuestas psicológicas y fisiológicas. Materiales y métodos: Se seleccionaron treinta y seis pacientes con PN, y 36 controles sanos equiparados por sexo y edad. Se midieron los síntomas psicológicos de PN incluyendo la gravedad y dolor del prurito y la calidad de vida con la escala visual analógica, el índice de puntuación del prúrigo, la escala de calificación numérica, la escala de calificación verbal, y el índice de calidad de vida dermatológica. Se determinaron las concentraciones de esteroides y endocannabinoides mediante cromatografía de líquidos-espectometría de masas en tándem. Resultados: En comparación con los controles, los pacientes de PN reflejaron menores niveles plasmáticos de cortisol, cortisona, N-araquidonoiletanolamina (AEA), y el ratio DHEA con respecto a 1-araquidonol glicerol (1-AG), que se correlacionaron de manera negativamente moderada y estrecha con los síntomas de PN, especialmente con la gravedad del prurito. Además, los pacientes de PN mostraron niveles mayores de los ratios de testosterona y 1-AG con respecto a cortisol, que se correlacionaron de manera positivamente moderada y estrecha con la gravedad del prurito (AU)

[Artículo traducido] Esteroides y endocannabinoides plasmáticos utilizados como biomarcadores para evaluar la gravedad del prurito de los pacientes con prúrigo nodular / Plasma Steroids and Endocannabinoids Used as Biomarkers to Assess the Pruritus Severity of Patients With Prurigo Nodularis

Antecedentes: El prúrigo nodular (PN), una dermatosis crónica prurítica e hiperplásica, induce respuestas psicológica y fisiológicamente estresantes. Las respuestas inducidas por PN en los ejes hipotalámico-pituitario-adrenal (HPA) e hipotalámico-pituitario-gonadal (HPG) y en el sistema endocannabinoide (SEC) son anómalas. En cierta medida los estudios sobre la patogenia de PN se centran principalmente en las respuestas psicológicas del mismo. Hasta la fecha no se han revelado plenamente las respuestas fisiológicas. Objetivos: Investigar las respuestas fisiológicas inducidas por PN a través de los niveles de cinco esteroides y dos endocannabinoides junto con sus ratios a nivel plasmático, y examinar la asociación entre las respuestas psicológicas y fisiológicas. Materiales y métodos: Se seleccionaron treinta y seis pacientes con PN, y 36 controles sanos equiparados por sexo y edad. Se midieron los síntomas psicológicos de PN incluyendo la gravedad y dolor del prurito y la calidad de vida con la escala visual analógica, el índice de puntuación del prúrigo, la escala de calificación numérica, la escala de calificación verbal, y el índice de calidad de vida dermatológica. Se determinaron las concentraciones de esteroides y endocannabinoides mediante cromatografía de líquidos-espectometría de masas en tándem. Resultados: En comparación con los controles, los pacientes de PN reflejaron menores niveles plasmáticos de cortisol, cortisona, N-araquidonoiletanolamina (AEA), y el ratio DHEA con respecto a 1-araquidonol glicerol (1-AG), que se correlacionaron de manera negativamente moderada y estrecha con los síntomas de PN, especialmente con la gravedad del prurito. Además, los pacientes de PN mostraron niveles mayores de los ratios de testosterona y 1-AG con respecto a cortisol, que se correlacionaron de manera positivamente moderada y estrecha con la gravedad del prurito (AU)

Background: Prurigo nodularis (PN) as an extremely pruritic and hyperplastic chronic dermatosis induces psychologically and physiologically stressful responses. PN-induced responses in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA), hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axes and endocannabinoid system (ECS) are abnormal. Extant studies on the PN's pathogenesis mostly focused on the PN's psychological responses. To date, the PN's physiological responses remain not been fully uncovered yet. Objectives: To investigate the PN-induced physiological responses via the levels of five steroids and two endocannabinoids combined with their ratios in plasma and examine the association between the psychological and physiological responses. Materials and methods: Thirty-six patients with PN, 36 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited. The PN's psychological symptoms including pruritus severity, pain and life quality were measured with the visual analog scale, the prurigo score index, numerical rating scale, verbal rating scale and dermatology life quality index. Their concentrations of steroids and endocannabinoids were determined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results: Compared to controls, the PN patients showed lower plasma levels in cortisol, cortisone, N-arachidonoyl-ethanolamine (AEA), and the ratio of DHEA to 1-arachydonoyl glycerol (1-AG), which negatively moderately and over correlated with PN's symptoms, especially with the pruritus severity. Additionally, the PN patients exhibited higher levels in the ratios of testosterone and 1-AG to cortisol, which positively moderately and over correlated with pruritus severity. Thus, the seven biomarkers would be sensitive and reliable biomarkers for assessing the pruritus severity of PN because they met the screening criteria that the biomarkers show intergroup differences and showed moderate or over correlation with the pruritus severity of PN AU)