Exploring Volunteer Pharmacists' Experiences in Responding to 2023 Türkiye Earthquakes: A Qualitative Phenomenological Study.

OBJECTIVE: Pharmacists are vital in disaster response efforts, dispensing essential medications, managing pharmacy services, consulting, and educating survivors regarding their medications. Their contributions, however, are often underrepresented in scientific literature. This study aimed to explore the experiences of pharmacists who provided pharmacy services to meet the pharmaceutical needs of the survivors after 2 major earthquakes in Türkiye in 2023. METHODS: This study adopted a phenomenological approach. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling was used to invite pharmacists who provided pharmacy services to survivors. Interview transcripts were analyzed following an inductive, reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS: In total, 15 pharmacists were interviewed. Four main overarching themes "response to the earthquake," "preparedness for the earthquake," "experiences during service delivery," and "mental and physical experiences" were developed. CONCLUSIONS: From participants' experiences, it is essential to expand the clinical responsibilities of pharmacists and train them in providing wound care, administering immunization, and prescribing. Pharmacists should be integrated as essential members of disaster health teams. International health organizations, nongovernmental organizations, and governments are encouraged to work collaboratively and develop disaster management plans including pharmacists in early responders. This might help mitigate the deficiencies and overcome challenges in health-care systems to provide effective patient-centered care by health professionals and respond effectively to disasters.

Near Two Decades of the Family Physician Program in Iran and the Structural Challenges: A Systematic Review.

The family physician program (FPP) is one of the most significant health care reforms in Iran; however, many studies showed that this program has not been able to achieve its intended objectives because of a variety of challenges. This program, despite the existing challenges, is going to be expanded across the country. To improve the likelihood of its success, identification of the structural and infrastructural challenges is necessary. This systematic review was conducted to assess the structural and infrastructural challenges of FPP in Iran. This systematic review of the literature was conducted in order to investigate the infrastructure and structure needs of the current program in Iran. All published articles related to the FPP in Iran were the subject of this study. The eligibility criteria included original articles, reviews, or case studies published in English or Persian during 2011-2021 related to the challenges in the referral system of FPP in Iran. Data were extracted based on Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, Research type technique and were reported based on the structure of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. International credible scholarly databases were searched. The search strategy was defined based on keywords and the search syntax. This study identified different challenges of the referral system in the areas associated with legal structure, administration, and social structure. The identified challenges in this program should be addressed in order to ensure that this program will lead to improved quality of care and equity in Iran health care system.

A judicialização na saúde suplementar: uma avaliação das ações judiciais contra uma operadora de planos de saúde, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 2010-2017 / Judicialization in supplementary health: an evaluation of lawsuits against a health plan operator, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 2010-2017

RESUMO A judicialização na saúde suplementar supera a que ocorre no setor público, evidenciando a fragilidade de sua regulação e dificultando o acesso aos planos de saúde. Serão analisadas ações judiciais contra uma operadora da saúde suplementar em Belo Horizonte, entre os anos de 2010 e 2017. Analisaramse proces¬sos judiciais por meio de técnica de análise documental. As variáveis foram relativas à natureza do processo judicial, ao perfil dos beneficiários e às características das demandas. A Regressão de Poisson foi utilizada na avaliação de impacto e relevância das variáveis selecionadas, e o software R versão 3.6.1 para os testes de significância. No período de 2010 a 2017, foram movidas 6.090 ações. As principais causas são questões contratuais, negativa de procedimento, órtese/prótese e exames. Planos anteriores à 'Lei dos Planos de Saúde' correspondem a 3% da carteira e 37,4% da judicialização. Este estudo demonstrou que a possibilidade de judicializar é maior entre clientes masculinos, contratos individuais, planos assistidos em rede ampla, sem coparticipação. A judicialização é mais acessível a cidadãos de maior condição econômica. Questões contratuais evidenciam frágil regulação. Adequada regulamentação reduz o desequilíbrio entre clientes e operadoras. A Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar precisa exercer sua função reguladora.

ABSTRACT Judicialization in supplementary health surpasses that which occurs in the public sector, evidencing the fragility of its regulation and making access to health plans difficult. Lawsuits against a Supplementary Health operator in Belo Horizonte, between 2010 and 2017, will be analyzed. Legal proceedings were analyzed using a document analysis technique. Variables were related to the nature of the legal process, the profile of the beneficiaries and the characteristics of the demands. Poisson Regression was used to assess the impact and relevance of the selected variables, and the R software version 3.6.1 for the significance tests. In the period from 2010 to 2017, 6090 actions were filed. The main causes are contractual issues, denial of procedure, orthosis/prosthesis and exams. Plans prior to the 'Health Plan Law', correspond to 3% of the portfolio and 37.4% of the judicialization. This study showed that the possibility of taking legal action is greater among male clients, individual contracts, plans assisted in a wide network, without co-participation. Judicialization is more accessible to citizens of higher economic status. Contractual issues show fragile regulation. Adequate regulation reduces the imbalance between customers and operators. The National Supplementary Health Agency needs to exercise its regulatory function.