Assessment Of Workplace Related Factors Affecting Tolerance Of Ambiguity Among Trainee Doctors.

OBJECTIVE: To assess workplace factorsinfluencing the tolerance of ambiguity among trainee doctors. METHODS: The sequential mixed-method study was conducted from June 2021 to February 2022 at the Fauji Foundation Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan, and comprised postgraduate trainee doctors of either gender associated with various specialties.Thebaseline toleranceof ambiguity scorewas establishedusingtheToleranceofAmbiguity in Medical Students and Doctors scale. A group of selected trainees was interviewed face-to-face to examine the workplace factors that they regarded as beneficial or detrimental to their tolerance of ambiguity. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS 24 and thematic analysis was done for qualitative data. RESULTS: Of the 132 subjects, 59 (21.9%) were males and 73 (55.3%) were females. The overall mean age was 20.95±2.186 years. Of the total, 55(41.7%)subjects were in the first year of training, 28(21.2%) in the second year, 26 (19.6%) in the third year, and 23(17.4%) in the fourth year. There were 78(59.1%)trainees who were married compared to 54 (40.9%) who were unmarried. Against the baseline tolerance of ambiguity score of 132, the overall aggregate mean tolerance of ambiguity level was 71.28 ± 5.81 showing a moderate level. There was no significant correlation between the tolerance of ambiguity and the trainees'age, years oftraining and maritalstatus(p>0.05).The qualitative phase comprised interviews with 9(6.8%) subjects.Thematic analysis suggested that the traineesperceivedautonomy,peersupport,supervisorsupport,manageable workload, and professional development opportunities asfacilitat or softolerance of ambiguity,whilebarrierswere identified as poor physical environment, attitude ofseniors and supervisors, management issues and excessive workload.During the coronavirus diseae-2019 pandemic, excessive workload and fear of infection were identified asfactors affecting tolerance of ambiguity. CONCLUSIONS: The medical trainees were found to have a moderate level of tolerance to ambiguity. Autonomy, peer support, supervisor support, manageable workload, and professional development opportunities contributed positively to this aspect.

Estrategia de entornos de trabajo saludables en el sector informal: perspectiva de los actores / Strategy for Healthy Workplaces in the Informal Sector: Stakeholders' Perspective / Estratégia de ambientes de trabalho saudáveis no setor informal: perspectiva dos atores envolvidos

Objetivo: esta investigación buscó examinar la perspectiva de trabajadores informales y tecnólogos de salud ocupacional sobre la implementación de la estrategia de entornos de trabajo saludables en las unidades de trabajo informal (UTI) de la localidad de Usaquén (Bogotá, Colombia). Método: e s t u d i o descriptivo en 16 UTI utilizando herramientas cualitativas. Se hizo observación directa en 16 UTI y encuestas de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas a 17 trabajadores (hombres y mujeres). Se hicieron entrevistas semiestructuradas a dos tecnólogos en salud ocupacional. Resultados: los trabajadores que han sido parte de la estrategia tienen un conocimiento satisfactorio de los riesgos ocupacionales. Esto ha llevado a algunas medidas positivas de prevención en las UTI (p. ej. orden, señalización). Sin embargo, la mayoría de conocimientos sobre los riesgos y su prevención no se manifiestan en prácticas de los trabajadores. Los participantes identificaron como principales barreras para la implementación de la estrategia el tiempo disponible por parte de los trabajadores y la corta duración del programa. Discusión y Conclusiones: desde la perspectiva de los participantes, la estrategia de entornos de trabajo saludables ha presentado algunos beneficios. Sin embargo, es importante que las barreras identificadas sean superadas. Este tipo de estrategias requieren de continuidad para que la capacitación se manifieste en beneficios de salud para los trabajadores. Las actividades que fueron percibidas como las más efectivas son aquellas que están articuladas con requerimientos legales de las UTI. Esta investigación aporta a la literatura científica sobre la salud ocupacional en trabajadores informales y a los pocos estudios cualitativos en salud ocupacional

Objective: This research examines the perspective of informal workers and occupational health and safety technicians on implementing the strategy for healthy workplaces in informal work units (UTI, for its abbreviation in Spanish) of the Usaquen district (Bogota, Colombia). Method: A descriptive study in 16 UTIs using qualitative tools. Direct observation was conducted in 16 UTIs, and 17 workers (men and women) were surveyed on knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Semistructured interviews were conducted with two occupational health and safety technicians. Results: The workers who have been part of the strategy demonstrate adequate knowledge of the occupational hazards. This fact has led to take some positive preventive measures in the UTIs (e.g., order, signposting). However, most knowledge about risks and their prevention is not shown during workers' practices. The participants identified workers' time availability and the program's short duration as the main barriers to implementing the strategy. Discussion and Conclusions: From the participants' perspective, the strategy for healthy workplaces has had some benefits. However, it is important to overcome the identified barriers. These types of strategies require continuity so that the training is translated into health benefits for workers. The activities perceived as the most effective are those articulated with the legal regulations of UTIs. This research contributes to the scientific literature on informal workers' occupational health and the few qualitative studies on occupational health and safety

Objetivo: Buscou-se examinar a perspectiva de trabalhadores informais e tecnólogos em saúde ocupacional sobre a implementação da estratégia de ambientes de trabalho saudáveis nas unidades informais de trabalho (UIT) do município de Usaquén (Bogotá, Colômbia). Método: estudo descritivo em 16 UITs por meio de ferramentas qualitativas. Foi realizada observação direta em 16 UITs e enquetes de conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas a 17 trabalhadores (homens e mulheres). Além disso, realizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas com dois tecnólogos em saúde do trabalhador. Resultados: os trabalhadores que têm sido parte da estratégia possuem um conhecimento satisfatório dos riscos ocupacionais. Isso tem levado a algumas medidas preventivas positivas nas UITs (por exemplo, ordem, sinalização). Porém, grande parte do conhecimento sobre os riscos e sua prevenção não se manifesta nas práticas dos trabalhadores. Os participantes identificaram como principais entraves à implementação da estratégia o tempo disponível por parte dos trabalhadores e a curta duração do programa. Discussão e conclusões: na perspectiva dos participantes, a estratégia de ambiente de trabalho saudável apresentou alguns benefícios. No entanto, é importante que as barreiras identificadas sejam superadas. Esses tipos de estratégias requerem continuidade para que a formação se manifesteem benefícios à saúde dos trabalhadores. As atividades que foram percebidas como mais eficazes são aquelas que são articuladas com as exigências legais das UITs. Esta pesquisa contribui para a produção científica sobre saúde ocupacional em trabalhadores informais e aos poucos estudos qualitativos na área de saúde ocupacional.

[Exposure to service user violence and job satisfaction among nursing staff in public hospitals in Murcia Region]. / Exposición a violencia de los usuarios y satisfacción laboral en el personal de enfermería de los hospitales públicos de la Región de Murcia.

BACKGROUND: Manifestations of physical and psychological violence can affect the levels of job satisfaction. The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of exposure to user violence by the nursing staff in public hospitals in the region of Murcia and its relationship with their level of job satisfaction. METHODS: Cross-sectional descriptive study through a self-administered and anonymous questionnaire sent to the nursing staff of the public hospitals in the region of Murcia (1,489 professionals). The instruments used were the Hospital Aggressive Behaviour Scale-Users (HABS-U) to rate violence and the Overall Job Satisfaction (OJS) to assess job satisfaction. RESULTS: Most workers (71%) reported suffering at least one of the manifestations of non-physical violence and 19.9% one of the physical manifestations with at least an annual frequency. Mean extrinsic satisfaction was 30.1 (SD=6.9), being coworkers the factor with higher frequency of satisfied workers (68.2%) and how the company was managed the factor with more dissatisfied workers (28.8%). Intrinsic satisfaction was lower (25.5, SD=7.2), being variety of tasks the factor with more satisfied workers (51.7%) and promotion opportunity the one with more dissatisfied workers (22.4%). Both extrinsic and intrinsic satisfaction correlated inversely with the exposure to non-physical and physical violence (higher exposure to violence lowered job satisfaction). CONCLUSIONS: In general, the scores for nurses' job satisfaction were low. One of the aspects affecting this dissatisfaction might be exposure to workplace violence; thus reducing exposure to violence could increase job satisfaction that, in turn, would improve patient care.

Addressing Underrepresentation in Sex Work Research: Reflections on Designing a Purposeful Sampling Strategy.

Men, transgender people, and those working in off-street locales have historically been underrepresented in sex work health research. Failure to include all sections of sex worker populations precludes comprehensive understandings about a range of population health issues, including potential variations in the manifestation of such issues within and between population subgroups, which in turn can impede the development of effective services and interventions. In this article, we describe our attempts to define, determine, and recruit a purposeful sample for a qualitative study examining the interrelationships between sex workers' health and the working conditions in the Vancouver off-street sex industry. Detailed is our application of ethnographic mapping approaches to generate information about population diversity and work settings within distinct geographical boundaries. Bearing in mind the challenges and the overwhelming discrimination sex workers experience, we scope recommendations for safe and effective purposeful sampling inclusive of sex workers' heterogeneity.

Accidentes laborales por residuos punzocortantes en el personal de salud: un estudio exploratorio / Occupational accidents by waste sharp devices in health care workers: an exploratory study

Introducción. Los trabajadores de la salud están expuestos a diversos riesgos ocupacionales, entre los que destacan los accidentes por residuos punzocortantes (RP); estos desechos son fuente potencial de enfermedades infectocontagiosas y su reporte y seguimiento del trabajador es importante para evaluar su salud. El comité de infecciones nosocomiales (CIN) registra los accidentes por RP para conocer factores que desencadenaron la exposición al riesgo. Objetivo. Describir los accidentes laborales por RP del trabajador de la salud. Material y métodos. Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal de enero 2012 a diciembre 2013. Muestra no probabilística (N=63) incluyó trabajadores de la salud que reportaron accidentes por RP al CIN. Datos recolectados mediante cédula ex profeso de registro de punciones y lesiones accidentales, con variables: fecha del accidente y del reporte, datos del paciente, ocupación, lugar donde ocurrió, características del punzocortante, tipo de lesión, descripción del accidente y seguimiento. Datos analizados en el programa Excel con estadística descriptiva. Resultados. Los accidentes se presentan con mayor frecuencia en turno matutino (62%) y en el personal de Enfermería (71%), reportándose el mismo día del evento (50%). Se presentan más en el área de hospitalización (23%) y unidad coronaria (19%); 70% dentro de la habitación del paciente. El accidente fue con aguja (44%) y lanceta (22%). A los 12 meses del accidente, el 3% concluyó seguimiento. Conclusiones. Los registros de accidentes laborales son más frecuentes en el personal de enfermería, durante el cuidado de la persona en su habitación, principalmente ocasionados por agujas. Esto conlleva a implementar estrategias que mejoren las medidas de bioseguridad y favorezcan el reporte de accidentes laborales.

Introduction. Health workers are exposed to various occupational risks, including accidents by waste sharp devices (WSD). These are a potential source of infections or contagious diseases, the reporting and monitoring of a worker is important in order to assess his/her health. The Committee on nosocomial infections (CIN) registers WSD accidents to known factors that triggered the exposure to risk. Objective. Describe workplace accidents by WSD of health workers. Material and methods. Descriptive, retrospective and transversal study of January 2012 to December 2013.Non probabilistic sample (N = 63) included health workers who reported accidents for WSD to the CIN. Data collected by identity indifferent records of punctures and accidental injury with variables: date of the accident and report, data from the patient, occupation; place where occurred, the stab, lesion type, description of the accident and monitoring features. Data analyzed in the program Excel with descriptive statistics. Results. Accidents occur most frequently in morning shift (62%) to nurses (71%), reporting the same day of the event (50%). It happens more frequently in the area of hospitalization (23%) and coronary care unit (19%); 70% within the patient’s room. The common accident is with a needle (44%) and lancet (22%). At 12 months of the accident, 3% finished the monitoring. Conclusions. Records of occupational accidents are more frequent in the nursing staff, for the care of the person in his/her room, mainly caused by needles. This leads to implement strategies that improve biosecurity measures and encourage the reporting of accidents.