Estrategia de orientación psicopedagógica para la calidad educativa: un reclamo en la formación de atletas / Estratégia de orientação psicopedagógica para a qualidade educacional: uma reivindicação no treinamento de atletas / Psychopedagogical guidance strategy for educational quality: a claim in the training of athletes

RESUMEN Introducción: En el proceso formativo de estudiantes-atletas, concebidos como sujetos dotados de altas capacidades, la armonización de la docencia con la práctica deportiva de alta competición representa un reto para las instituciones de educación. De manera que constituye un reclamo la introducción de recursos innovadores que tributen al correcto desarrollo de este encargo. Objetivo: Diseñar una serie de acciones de orientación psicopedagógica para la formación integral de los estudiantes-atletas de taekwondo de la Eide "Ormani Arenado", de manera que logren armonizar la práctica deportiva con la actividad docente. Materiales y métodos: La metodología seguida se apoya en una perspectiva de investigación cualitativa, donde los métodos descriptivo y exploratorio fueron fundamentales en el diagnóstico de las condiciones actuales del proceso de orientación psicopedagógica. El análisis de documentos, entrevistas semiestructuradas y la encuesta fueron los métodos fundamentales empleados para la recopilación de información relevante para el diseño de las actividades propuestas. Resultados: Del estudio se deriva la necesidad de implementar acciones que perfeccionen el proceso de orientación psicopedagógica a estudiantes-atletas, de manera que tributen a la óptima armonización entre la actividad deportiva y académica. Conclusiones: La principal contribución de la estrategia propuesta consiste en el reconocimiento de la necesidad de lograr un trabajo coordinado entre docentes, entrenadores, psicólogos, psicopedagogos y el resto de los implicados en la formación integral de los estudiantes-atletas, en un proceso donde estos últimos tienen necesariamente que asumir un papel activo.

RESUMO Introdução: No processo de treinamento dos estudantes-atletas, concebidos como disciplinas dotadas de altas capacidades, a harmonização do ensino com a prática do esporte de alta competição representa um desafio para as instituições educacionais. Portanto, a introdução de recursos inovadores que contribuam para o desenvolvimento correto desta tarefa é uma reivindicação. Objetivo: Projetar uma série de ações de orientação psicopedagógica para o treinamento integral dos alunos-atletas taekwondo no Eide "Ormani Arenado", a fim de harmonizar a prática do esporte com as atividades de ensino. Materiais e métodos: A metodologia seguida baseia-se em uma perspectiva de pesquisa qualitativa, onde os métodos descritivos e exploratórios foram fundamentais no diagnóstico das condições atuais do processo de orientação psicopedagógica. A análise de documentos, entrevistas semi-estruturadas e a pesquisa foram os métodos fundamentais utilizados para a coleta de informações relevantes para a concepção das atividades propostas. Resultados: Do estudo derivamos a necessidade de implementar ações para melhorar o processo de orientação psicopedagógica aos estudantes-atletas, de modo que eles contribuam para a harmonização ideal entre esporte e atividade acadêmica. Conclusões: A principal contribuição da estratégia proposta consiste no reconhecimento da necessidade de alcançar um trabalho coordenado entre professores, técnicos, psicólogos, psicopedagogos e o resto dos envolvidos na formação integral dos estudantes-atletas, em um processo onde estes últimos têm necessariamente que assumir um papel ativo.

ABSTRACT Introduction: in the training process of student-athletes, conceived as subjects endowed with high capacities, the harmonization of teaching with the practice of high competition sports represents a challenge for educational institutions. So, the introduction of innovative resources that contribute to the correct development of this assignment constitutes a claim. Objective: to design a series of psychopedagogical guidance actions for the comprehensive training of Taekwondo student-athletes of the "Ormani Arenado" Sport Initiation School (Eide in Spanish), so that they can harmonize sports practice with teaching activity. Materials and methods: the methodology followed is based on a qualitative research perspective, where the descriptive and exploratory methods were fundamental in the diagnosis of the current conditions of the psychopedagogical guidance process. The analysis of documents, semi-structured interviews and the survey were the fundamental methods used to collect relevant information for the design of the proposed activities. Results: the study derives the need to implement actions that improve the process of psychopedagogical guidance to student-athletes, so that they contribute to the optimal harmonization between sports and academic activity. Conclusions: the main contribution of the proposed strategy is the recognition of the need to achieve coordinated work between teachers, coaches, psychologists, educational psychologists and the rest of those involved in the comprehensive training of student -athletes, in a process where the latter necessarily have to assume an active role.

Conversion-Alloying Anode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries.

The past decade has witnessed a rapidly growing interest toward sodium ion battery (SIB) for large-scale energy storage in view of the abundance and easy accessibility of sodium resources. Key to addressing the remaining challenges and setbacks and to translate lab science into commercializable products is the development of high-performance anode materials. Anode materials featuring combined conversion and alloying mechanisms are one of the most attractive candidates, due to their high theoretical capacities and relatively low working voltages. The current understanding of sodium-storage mechanisms in conversion-alloying anode materials is presented here. The challenges faced by these materials in SIBs, and the corresponding improvement strategies, are comprehensively discussed in correlation with the resulting electrochemical behavior. Finally, with the guidance and perspectives, a roadmap toward the development of advanced conversion-alloying materials for commercializable SIBs is created.

Rechargeable Nickel Telluride/Aluminum Batteries with High Capacity and Enhanced Cycling Performance.

Rechargeable aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs) possess significant advantages of high energy density, safety performance, and abundant natural resources, making them one of the desirable next-generation substitutes for lithium battery systems. However, the poor reversibility, short lifespan, and low capacity of positive materials have limited its practical applications. In comparison with semiconductors, the metallic nickel telluride (NiTe) alloy with enhanced electrical conductivity and fast electron transmission is a more favorable electrode material that could significantly decrease the kinetic barrier during battery operation for energy storage. In this paper, the NiTe nanorods prepared through a simple hydrothermal routine enable an initial reversible capacity of approximately 570 mA h g-1 (under the current density of 200 mA g-1) to be delivered on the basis of the ionic liquid electrolyte, along with the average voltage platform of about 1.30 V. Moreover, the cycling performance could be easily enhanced using a modified separator to prevent the diffusion of soluble intermediate species to the negative electrode side. At a high rate of 500 mA g-1, the NiTe nanorods could retain a specific capacity of about 307 mA h g-1 at the 100th cycle. The results have important implications for the research of transition metal tellurides as positive electrode materials for AIBs.

Selective formation of carbon-coated, metastable amorphous ZnSnO3 nanocubes containing mesopores for use as high-capacity lithium-ion battery.

Mesoporous and amorphous ZnSnO3 nanocubes of ~37 nm size coated with a thin porous carbon layer have been prepared using monodisperse ZnSn(OH)6 as the active precursor and low-temperature synthesized polydopamine as the carbon precursor. The small single nanocubes cross-link with each other to form a continuous conductive framework and interconnected porous channels with macropores of 74 nm width. Because of its multi-featured nanostructure, this material exhibits greatly enhanced integration of reversible alloying/de-alloying (i.e., transformation of Li(4.4)Sn and LiZn to Sn and Zn) and conversion (i.e., oxidation of Sn and Zn to ZnSnO3) reaction processes with an extremely high capacity of 1060 mA h g(-1) for up to 100 cycles. A high reversible capacity of 650 and 380 mA h g(-1) can also be delivered at rates of 2 and 3 A g(-1), respectively. This excellent electrochemical performance is attributed to the small particle size, well-developed mesoporosity, the amorphous nature of the ZnSnO3 and the continuous conductive framework produced by the interconnected carbon layers.