O contextualismo linguístico na história do pensamento político: Quentin Skinner e o debate metodológico contemporâneo / Linguistic contextualism in the history of politic thought: Quentin Skinner and the contemporary methodological debate / Le contextualisme linguistique dans l'histoire de la pensée politique: Quentin Skinner et le débat méthodologique contemporain

This article aims to map and investigate the methodological debate spearheaded by the Cambridge School of history of political thought in the last four decades, focusing on the formulations of Quentin Skinner and the main objections raised by his critics. After a brief presentation of the prescriptions in Skinner's methods, the article discusses how his linguistic contextualism has been criticized for: a) his epistemological commitments (denounced alternately as relativist and positivist); b) his adherence to intentionalism; and c) his tendency towards "antiquarianism". The article concludes that of these three modalities of objections, the attribution of "antiquarianism" was the one that most compromised Skinner's original methodological formulations, recently leading him to virtually abandon his original antipresentist thrust.

Dans cet article, on souhaite situer et examiner le débat méthodologique proposé par l'École de Cambridge au sujet de l'histoire de la pensée politique dans les quatre dernières décennies, tout en insistant sur les positions de Quentin Skinner et les principales objections soulevées par ses critiques. Après une rapide présentation des prescriptions méthodologiques de Skinner, on voit que son contextualisme linguistique a reçu plusieurs critiques: a) par ses choix épistémologiques (dénoncés comme relativistes, ou encore positivistes); b) par son adhésion à l'intentionalisme; et c) par sa tendance à "l'ancien". On conclut que, parmi ces trois types d'objections, c'est l'attribution "d'ancien" qui a le plus nui aux formulations méthodologiques originales de Skinner, le menant récemment au virtuel abandon de son ardeur anti-présent initiale.

Uma análise de narrativa do "caso Schreber" à luz do novo historicismo: negociações freudianas

Nesta análise do " caso Schreber" em sua intertextualidade com os escritos de Karl Abraham, sugere-se que o ensaio clínico de Freud foi redigido em um diálogo com o contexto histórico de sua época, refletindo as relações de poder, então vigentes. Pretende-se resgatar a historicidade do texto de Freud sobre Schreber, e para tanto recorre-se às análises críticas do novo historicismo como método de abordagem do texto freudiano. Expõem-se, então, os diferentes níveis de negociações presentes nesse ensaio clínico.

An analysis of the narrative structure of " Schreber's Case" in the light of new historicism: the Freudians negociations. This study of " Schreber's Case" focuses its intertextuality with the articles of Karl Abraham. It has been suggested that the Freud's clinical essay has been written considering the historical context of that period and showing the power relations effective then. The target is to redeem the historical background of Freud's text on Schreber and, for such purpose, critical analysis of the new historicism as a method of approaching the Freudian text has been used. The different levels of negotiations inherent to his clinical essay have been reported.