Sociodemographic and environmental characteristics associated with thoughts of death and suicidal ideation in community-dwelling residents of a rural town in Japan: analyses from a perspective of accompanying problems.

OBJECTIVE: Suicide prevention has been focused on primary prevention as a group rather than individuals. However, we aimed to identify sociodemographic and environmental characteristics of individuals with suicidal thoughts among rural residents in Japan. METHODS: In 2015, a cross-sectional home visit survey was conducted in a rural town in Akita Prefecture. A total of 1,844 residents aged ≥ 20 years (response rate, 65%) answered a self-administered questionnaire about suicidal thoughts in the past one month. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate sociodemographic and environmental characteristics associated with suicidal thoughts in models with accompanying problems for human relations problems (HRP), health problems (HP), and financial problems (FP), or with no accompanying problems. RESULTS: In total, 218 (men 9.4%, women 13.8%) had suicidal thoughts with accompanying problems for HRP (n = 104), HP (n = 112), and FP (n = 72). The risk characteristics were Kessler Psychological Distress Scale scores ≥ 9 in models with HRP, HP, and FP or with no accompanying problems; being a woman and current smoking with no accompanying problems; absence of a person for help in a model of FP; and absence of family member for help in a model of HRP or with no accompanying problems. The mitigating factor were being optimistic (a domain of resilience skills identified by factor analysis) in models of HRP, HP, and FP or with no accompanying problems; being aged 70-79 and being aged ≥ 80 in a model of HRP. CONCLUSIONS: Suicidal thoughts among rural residents in Japan were associated with multifactorial sociodemographic and environmental characteristics.

The effect of subjective exercise experience on anxiety disorder in university freshmen: the chain-mediated role of self-efficacy and interpersonal relationship.

Background: Anxiety disorder is a significant concern in the context of mental health among university students. This study aimed to examine the impact of subjective exercise experience on anxiety disorder in freshmen and verify the mediating role of self-efficacy and interpersonal relationships between them. Methods: A total of 1,308 Chinese freshmen underwent an investigation using the Subjective Exercise Experience Scale (SEES), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), and Interpersonal Relationship Comprehensive Diagnostic Scale (IRIDS). Results: The outcomes of this study are as follows: (1) Boys exhibited marginally greater performance in physical activity assessments compared to girls while displaying somewhat lower scores than girls in measures of anxiety disorders, self-efficacy, and interpersonal relationship tests. Of these, 63.39% were diagnosed with mild anxiety, 51.73% were diagnosed with moderate anxiety, and 10% were diagnosed with severe anxiety; (2) The subjective exercise experience had a significant negative correlation with an anxiety disorder (r = -0.36, p < 0.01), and the subjective exercise experience had a direct negative impact on anxiety disorder (ß = -0.112, t = -11.776, p < 0.01). Furthermore, subjective exercise experience positively predicted self-efficacy (ß = 0.125, t = 13.236, p < 0.01) and interpersonal relationship (ß = 0.395, t = 12.359, p < 0.01). Self-efficacy had a substantial impact on interpersonal relationships (ß = 0.724, t = 12.172, p < 0.01) and anxiety disorders (ß = -0.148, t = -8.387, p < 0.01). Interpersonal relationships had a significant positive predictive effect on anxiety disorder (ß = -0.081, t = -10.441, p < 0.01); (3) Self-efficacy and interpersonal relationships were identified as important mediators between subjective exercise experience and anxiety disorder. The intermediary effect accounted for 18.84% of the total effect. Specifically, subjective exercise had a direct impact on anxiety disorders through self-efficacy mediators (2.90%), interpersonal mediators (1.45%), and self-efficacy and interpersonal chain mediators (14.49%). Conclusion: Subjective exercise experience has a significant positive predictive effect on university students' self-efficacy, interpersonal relationships, and anxiety disorder. Moreover, self-efficacy and interpersonal interactions serve as intermediaries between subjective exercise experiences and anxiety disorders. These findings have immense importance in advancing the mental well-being of freshmen and serve as a theoretical foundation for formulating intervention strategies. However, the study had certain limitations, such as the specificity of the sample and the use of self-reported data. Further research could enhance the sample size and utilize various assessment techniques to validate these findings.

And say the AI responded? Dancing around 'autonomy' in AI/human encounters.

The article explores technology-human relations in a time of artificial intelligence (AI) and in the context of long-standing problems in social theory about agency, nonhumans, and autonomy. Most theorizations of AI are grounded in dualistic thinking and traditional views of technology, oversimplifying real-world settings. This article works to unfold modes of existence at play in AI/human relations. Materials from ethnographic fieldwork are used to highlight the significance of autonomy in AI/human relations. The analysis suggests that the idea of autonomy is a double-edged sword, showing that humans not only coordinate their perception of autonomy but also switch between registers by sometimes ascribing certain autonomous features to the AI system and in other situations denying the system such features. As a result, AI/human relations prove to be not so much determined by any ostensive delegation of tasks as by the way in which AI and humans engage with each other in practice. The article suggests a theory of relationality that redirects focus away from questions of agency towards questions of what it means to be in relations.

El componente interpersonal de la condición personal: entre las actitudes de reconocimiento y la inclusión de las personas con discapacidades

Propósito/Contexto. Discutir el componente interpersonal de la condición personal, evidenciando cómo las actitudes de reconocimiento determinan la inclusión de las personas con discapacidad. Metodología/Enfoque. Se realizó un análisis teórico sobre el componente interpersonal de la persona humana, a partir del argumento de la inclusión de los individuos con discapacidad y su relevancia para la total participación ciudadana. La investigación se encuadra en el paradigma interpretativo con carácter cualitativo, empleándose como técnica el análisis de documentos considerados fuentes primarias. Asimismo, se asumió el enfoque teórico de Paul Ricoeur respecto a las formas del reconocimiento humano y de las tres formas básicas del reconocimiento interpersonal propuestas por Axel Honneth. Resultados/Hallazgos. La dimensión interpersonal fundamenta nuestra existencia como comunidad humana. Las formas básicas del reconocimiento son recíprocas y, por tanto, no unidireccionales y coinciden con ser respetados, amados y valorados por nuestra contribución a la comunidad. Vivir con personas que no tienen actitudes de reconocimiento hacia uno es una realidad con la cual están familiarizadas las personas con discapacidad. Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. Para ser plena la inclusión de las personas con discapacidad, además de considerar la modalidad de participación institucional y técnica, se debe tener en cuenta la dimensión interpersonal.

Purpose/Background. Discuss the interpersonal component of the personal condition, showing how recognition attitudes determine the social inclusion of people with disabilities. Methodology/Approach. A theoretical analysis was carried out on the interpersonal component of the human person, based on the argument of the inclusion of people with disabilities and its relevance for full citizen participation. The research is framed in the interpretive paradigm, with a qualitative nature, using as a technique the analysis of documents considered primary sources. Likewise, the theoretical approach of Paul Ricoeur regarding the forms of human recognition and the three basic forms of interpersonal recognition proposed by Axel Honneth were assumed. Results/Findings. The interpersonal dimension is an important foundation of existence as a human community. The basic forms of recognition are reciprocal and, therefore, not unidirectional and coincide with being respected, loved, and valued for our contribution to the community. Living with people who do not have attitudes of recognition towards you is a reality with which people with disabilities are familiar. Discussion/Conclusions/Contributions. To fully include people with disabilities, in addition to considering the modality of institutional and technical participation, it must consider the interpersonal dimension.

Finalidade/Contexto. Discutir a componente interpessoal do estatuto pessoal, mostrando como as atitudes de reconhecimento determinam a inclusão de pessoas com deficiência. Metodologia/Aproximação. Foi realizada uma análise teórica da componente interpessoal da pessoa humana, com base no argumento da inclusão de indivíduos com deficiência e da sua relevância para a plena participação dos cidadãos. A investigação está enquadrada no paradigma interpretativo de carácter qualitativo, utilizando como técnica a análise de documentos considerados como fontes primárias. Do mesmo modo, a abordagem teórica de Paul Ricoeur às formas de reconhecimento humano e as três formas básicas de reconhecimento interpessoal propostas por Axel Honneth foram assumidas. Resultados/Descobertas. A dimensão interpessoal está na base da nossa existência como comunidade humana. As formas básicas de reconhecimento são recíprocas e portanto não unidireccionais e coincidem com serem respeitadas, amadas e valorizadas pela nossa contribuição para a comunidade. Viver com pessoas que não têm atitudes de reconhecimento em relação a uma é uma realidade com a qual as pessoas com deficiência estão familiarizadas. Discussão/Conclusões/Contribuições. Para ser plenamente inclusiva das pessoas com deficiência, para além de considerar o modo institucional e técnico de participação, a dimensão interpessoal deve ser tida em conta.

Administrative Ethics Conflict and Governance of Grassroots Government Staff Under the Human Relationship Society.

The conflict of administrative morality among civil servants at the grassroots level arises from the background of China's long-standing traditional culture, and the current administrative system cannot keep up with the pace of economic development. In the process of grassroots management, due to the lag in the construction of administrative morality, the traditional official standard thinking, the imperfection of the current system, and the restriction of human nature, it is easy to cause the administrative moral conflict of the grassroots civil servants in practice. This paper takes the interpersonal society as the research background, analyzes the influence of the interpersonal society on the environment, and studies the administrative ethics conflicts and governance issues of basic civil servants from the interpersonal background. In addition, this paper conducts a more detailed field investigation based on fuzzy cluster analysis, analyzes the manifestations and causes of the administrative moral conflict of grassroots civil servants in the context of human society from multiple perspectives and levels, and then proposes countermeasures to solve the administrative moral conflict. The administrative moral conflict and governance of grass-roots civil servants under the background of interpersonal relationship is of great positive significance for solving the administrative moral conflict and improving the service awareness and service level of grass-roots civil servants.

Configuraciones Categoriales Respecto a Fuentes de Estrés en los Profesores

En correspondencia al artículo el estrés en el profesorado presentado en la revista Investigación Psicológica N.- 15, por el autor. Se configura el presente reporte resumido de investigación, en el continuum de entender la dinámica del estrés en los educadores. La pregunta de investigación a la que pretende responder este articulo es ¿Cuales son los factores generadores de estrés en educadores de escuelas públicas, privadas y rurales? Con este propósito la investigación se fundamentada en el paradigma cualitativo, con un carácter mixto en la presentación de resultados y entendiendo el estudio como una aproximación a la vivencia y percepción que tiene el educador de establecimientos públicos, privados o rurales, respecto a las fuentes de estrés en los contextos socio-laborales donde ejercen la docencia. La investigación se desarrolla a partir de la participación activa de los propios profesores como observadores, en sus contextos laborales. La información se obtiene mediante el llenado de un cuestionario anónimo de pregunta abierta, que fue respondido luego de un periodo de observación por parte de los informantes. La data cruda obtenida fue transcrita y a la vez se identificaron categorías y sub categorías, asociadas con actitudes, situaciones y percepciones identificadas como fuentes generadoras de estrés docente en los tres contextos de estudio. De este proceso de análisis categorial emergen y se configuran las familias categoriales, que se presentan en esquemas explicativos para responder a la pregunta de investigación. Criterios que se desarrollan en la discusión de los resultados y se enfocan en las conclusiones de manera pertinente a las preguntas de investigación que guiaron y delimitaron el estudio. Algunos datos interesantes comprenden la presencia de las categorías padres de familia y director del colegio identificadas como fuentes de estrés tanto en escuelas pública y privadas y de manera específica en las escuelas fiscales se observan categorías como la asociación de padres o junta escolar y la saturación laboral. En las escuelas rurales destacan categorías como el viajar, la infraestructura educativa y el idioma. Resulta también interesante observar los patrones de referencia que tienen las categorias identificadas en cada contexto, que si bien pueden expresar elementos comunes, en las diferencias y particularidades se encuentra importante información para el análisis y desarrollo teórico. Se integran en este reporte un conjunto de recomendaciones referentes a los resultados obtenidos.

In correspondence to the article stress in the professor presented inthe journal Psy-chological Investigation No.-15, by the author. This summary report of research is configured, in the continuum of understanding the dynamics of stress in educators. The research question that this article aims to answer is: What are the stress-gene-rating factors in public, private and rural school educators? For this purpose, the research is based on the qualitative paradigm, with a mixed character in the presentation of results and understanding the study as an approxi-mation to the experience and perception that has the educator of public, private or rural establishments, regarding the sources of Stress in the socio-labor contexts where he teaches. The research is developed fromthe active participation of the teachers themselves as observers, in theirwork contexts. The information is obtained through the filling of an anonymous open questionnaire, which was answered after a period of ob-servation by the informants. The crude data obtained were transcribed and at the same time, categories and sub categories were identified, associated with attitudes, situations and perceptions identified as sources of teacher stress in all three study contexts. Fromthis process of categorial analysis emerges and configures the cate-gorial families, which are presented in explanatory schemes to answer the research question. Criteria that are developed in the discussion of the results and focus on the conclusions pertinently to the research questions that guided and delimited the study. Some interesting data include the presence of the categories of parents and school principal identified as sources of stress in both public and private schools and specifically in the tax schools are categories such as the association of parents or school board and saturation . Rural schools highlight categories such as travel, educational infrastructure and language. It is also interesting to observe the reference patterns that have the categories identified in each context, that although they can express common elements, in the differences and particularities important information is found for the theoretical analysis and development. A set of recom-mendations regarding the results obtained are included in this report.

Artigo estresse correspondentemente sobre os professores apresentado na revista Psychological Research N.- 15, pelo autor. esta pesquisa resumida no continuum de compreender a dinâmica do estresse sobre relatório educadores está configurado. A questão de pesquisa ao qual este artigo procura responder é o que são os estressores educadores de escolas públicas, particulares e rurais? Para este efeito, a pesquisa foi baseada no paradigma qualitativo, com um caráter misto na apresentação dos resultados e compreender o estudo como uma aborda-gem para a experiência e educador percepção pública, acordos privados ou rurais, em relação a fontes estresse em contextos sócio-laborais, onde ele ensina. A pesquisa é realizada a partir da participação ativa dos próprios professores como observadores nos seus contextos de trabalho. A informação é obtida através do preenchimento de um questionário com perguntas abertas anônimas, que foi, em seguida, responderam a um período de observação por informantes. Os dados em bruto obtidos foram transcritos e ambas as categorias e sub-categorias foram identificados, associado com atitudes, situações e percepções identificadas como fontes geradoras de stress professor nos três contextos de estudo. Este proces-so categorial análise categórica emergir e famílias, apresentadas em diagramas explicativos para responder à questão de pesquisa são configurados. Critérios desenvolvidos na discussão dos resultados e focar os resultados em uma série de perguntas de investigação relevantes que orientaram o estudo e delineados. Alguns fatos interessantes incluem a presença de pais e diretor da escola identificadas como fontes de estresse em ambas as escolas públicas e privadas e, especificamente, em escolas públicas Categorias categorias, tais como o PTA ou conselho escolar e saturação de trabalho observada . Nas escolas rurais incluem categorias tais como viagens, infra-estrutura de educação e linguagem. Também é interessante observar os padrões de referência com as categorias identificadas em cada contexto, que embora possam expressar elementos comuns, em especial diferenças e informações importantes para análise e desenvolvimento teórico é. Eles integram neste relatório um conjunto de recomendações para os resultados.

Towards an understanding of the dynamic sociomaterial embodiment of interprofessional collaboration.

Many notions of interprofessional collaboration appear to aim for the ideal of trouble-free co-operative communication between healthcare professionals. This study challenges such an ideal as too far removed from the complex and contested relations of power that characterise the albeit skilful everyday social interactions which take place within healthcare practice, along with the associated pragmatic compromises made by disempowered practitioners. It is noted that these may be facilitated by modes of comforting myth and denial. To underline this point, psychiatric illness diagnosis is used as an illustrative example of how a historically powerful societal discourse can become thoroughly entrenched. The influence of a paradigmatically dominant discourse is shown to extend beyond the repetition of narrative within open dialogue and debate and to continue as tacitly reflected patterns within unconsciously habituated behaviour and durable artefacts that crystallise future affordances and limitations on action. However, the authors conclude by introducing optimistic theoretical speculation around the dynamic social mechanics of reflexive awareness and creativity, as these emerge within moments of significant dissonance between dialectically interacting layers of individually internalised and contextually embedded discourse, conversation and direct experience.

What do we actually mean by 'sociotechnical'? On values, boundaries and the problems of language.

The term 'sociotechnical' was first coined in the context of industrial democracy. In comparing two projects on shipping in Esso to help define the concept, the essential categories were found to be where systems boundaries were set, and what factors were considered to be relevant 'human' characteristics. This is often discussed in terms of values. During the nineteen-sixties and seventies sociotechnical theory related to the shop-floor work system, and contingency theory to the organisation as a whole, the two levels being distinct. With the coming of information technology, this distinction became blurred; the term 'socio-structural' is proposed to describe the whole system. IT sometimes is the operating technology, it sometimes supports the operating technology, or it may sometimes be mistaken for the operating technology. This is discussed with reference to recent air accidents.

A instituição familiar e a relação humana de familialidade / The family institution and the human relations in families / La institución familiar y la relación humana de familiaridad / L'institution familiale et la relation humaine de familialité (au sens de structure familiale)

Esse artigo objetiva iniciar uma reflexão sobre um modelo de relação humana familiar que a afirme como um espaço de amadurecimento e atualização individual e de encontro autêntico entre pessoas envolvidas em relações de afeto, a fim de o contrapor ao modelo de relação familiar que sustentou a instituição família na legalidade e nas políticas públicas até os dias atuais. A hipótese era a de que algumas prescrições normativas ou sociais construídas historicamente na definição da instituição família poderiam estar sendo, justamente, a causa de insucesso dessas relações humanas familiares no cumprimento de seus fins pessoais. A justificativa da pesquisa se situa na necessidade de uma nova base conceitual para explicar a família, tendo em conta, por exemplo, demandas formuladas por movimentos feministas, LGBT, de defesa dos direitos da criança, do adolescente e do idoso, estas que têm encontrado importantes "oportunidades políticas" para o sucesso de alguns de seus pleitos. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir de algumas reflexões referentes ao tema das relações humanas familiares em autores da psicologia, tais como Carl Rogers, J. L. Moreno e Richard Hycner, como base para se avaliar as atuais, e substantivas, transformações da ordem jurídica brasileira no que se refere à instituição familiar, que hodiernamente recepciona os novos arranjos familiares.(AU)

This article aims to initiate a reflection on a relationship model, which focuses on the human family as a place for maturity and individual growth, along with the authentic encounter between people engaged in relationships of affection, in order to go against the model of family relationship that sustained the family institution in law and public policies up to the present day. The hypothesis was that some laws, historically built and based on the classic model of family, might have been the precise cause for failure of these familial human relations in fulfilling their personal purposes. The justification for the research lies in the necessity of a new conceptual base to explain the family, taking into account, for example, demands formulated by movements such as the feminist and the LGBT ones, as well as the ones in defense of children's, teenagers' and elders' rights, all of which have been finding important "political opportunities" for the successful outcome of some of their struggles. This work was developed from some reflections on the subject of human relationships in family, based on psychology authors such as Carl Rogers, J. L. Moreno and Richard Hycner as a basis for assessing current and substantive changes in the Brazilian legal system, specifically pertaining to the family law, which, at present, welcomes new family arrangements.(AU)

En este artículo se pretende iniciar una reflexión sobre un modelo de relación humana familiar que la afirme como un espacio de madurez y actualización individual y de encuentro auténtico entre personas que se relacionan afectivamente, con el fin de contraponerlo al modelo de relación familiar y de institución familia sostenidos por la ley y las políticas públicas hasta nuestros días. La hipótesis es que algunas prescripciones normativas o sociales históricamente construidas en la definición de la institución familia podrían ser precisamente la causa del fracaso de estas relaciones familiares en el cumplimiento de sus fines personales. La justificación de la investigación se ubica en la necesidad de una nueva base conceptual para explicar a la familia, teniendo en cuenta, por ejemplo, las demandas formuladas por los movimientos feministas, LGTB, de defensa de los derechos de los niños, de los adolescentes, y de los ancianos, los que han encontrado importantes "oportunidades políticas" para el éxito de algunas de sus reclamaciones. Este trabajo fue desarrollado a partir de algunas reflexiones sobre el tema de las relaciones humanas familiares de autores de la psicología como Carl Rogers, J. L. Moreno y Richard Hycner, como base para evaluar las actuales y substantivas transformaciones del orden jurídico brasileño en lo referente a la institución familiar, que diariamente recibe a los nuevos arreglos familiares.(AU)

Le présent article a pour objet de lancer une réflexion sur un modèle de relation humaine familiale affirmant la famille comme un espace où l'individu est à même de mûrir et de se ressourcer, et où une rencontre authentique s'établit entre des personnes impliquées dans des relations d'affect ; à l'opposé, comme nous le verrons, du modèle de relation familiale fondé sur l'institution de la famille, sur la légalité et sur les politiques publiques, modèle maintenu jusqu'à nos jours. Il a été supposé que certaines prescriptions normatives ou sociales, élaborées historiquement à partir de la définition de l'institution de la famille, pourraient justement être la cause de l'échec de ces relations humaines familiales dans l'atteinte des objectifs personnels de chacun de ses membres. La justification de la recherche réside dans la nécessité d'un nouveau cadre conceptuel pour expliquer la famille, considérant, par exemple, les demandes formulées par les mouvements féministes, LGBT, de défense des droits des enfants, des adolescents et des personnes âgées, ceux qui ont trouvé opportunités importants dans la politiques, pour le succès de certaines de ses prétentions. La présente étude a été menée à partir de réflexions sur le thème des relations humaines familiales d'auteurs de psychologie comme Carl Rogers, J. L. Moreno et Richard Hycner, que nous avons pris pour base dans notre évaluation sur les transformations actuelles et substantielles de l'ordre juridique brésilien en matière d'institution familiale, laquelle voit, de nos jours, de nouvelles récompositions.(AU)

A instituição familiar e a relação humana de familiaridade / The family institution and the human relations in families / La institución familiar y la relación humana de familiaridad / L'institution familiale et la relation humaine de familialité (au sens de structure familiale)

Esse artigo objetiva iniciar uma reflexão sobre um modelo de relação humana familiar que a afirme como um espaço de amadurecimento e atualização individual e de encontro autêntico entre pessoas envolvidas em relações de afeto, a fim de o contrapor ao modelo de relação familiar que sustentou a instituição família na legalidade e nas políticas públicas até os dias atuais. A hipótese era a de que algumas prescrições normativas ou sociais construídas historicamente na definição da instituição família poderiam estar sendo, justamente, a causa de insucesso dessas relações humanas familiares no cumprimento de seus fins pessoais. A justificativa da pesquisa se situa na necessidade de uma nova base conceitual para explicar a família, tendo em conta, por exemplo, demandas formuladas por movimentos feministas, LGBT, de defesa dos direitos da criança, do adolescente e do idoso, estas que têm encontrado importantes "oportunidades políticas" para o sucesso de alguns de seus pleitos. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir de algumas reflexões referentes ao tema das relações humanas familiares em autores da psicologia, tais como Carl Rogers, J. L. Moreno e Richard Hycner, como base para se avaliar as atuais, e substantivas, transformações da ordem jurídica brasileira no que se refere à instituição familiar, que hodiernamente recepciona os novos arranjos familiares.

This article aims to initiate a reflection on a relationship model, which focuses on the human family as a place for maturity and individual growth, along with the authentic encounter between people engaged in relationships of affection, in order to go against the model of family relationship that sustained the family institution in law and public policies up to the present day. The hypothesis was that some laws, historically built and based on the classic model of family, might have been the precise cause for failure of these familial human relations in fulfilling their personal purposes. The justification for the research lies in the necessity of a new conceptual base to explain the family, taking into account, for example, demands formulated by movements such as the feminist and the LGBT ones, as well as the ones in defense of children's, teenagers' and elders' rights, all of which have been finding important "political opportunities" for the successful outcome of some of their struggles. This work was developed from some reflections on the subject of human relationships in family, based on psychology authors such as Carl Rogers, J. L. Moreno and Richard Hycner as a basis for assessing current and substantive changes in the Brazilian legal system, specifically pertaining to the family law, which, at present, welcomes new family arrangements.

En este artículo se pretende iniciar una reflexión sobre un modelo de relación humana familiar que la afirme como un espacio de madurez y actualización individual y de encuentro auténtico entre personas que se relacionan afectivamente, con el fin de contraponerlo al modelo de relación familiar y de institución familia sostenidos por la ley y las políticas públicas hasta nuestros días. La hipótesis es que algunas prescripciones normativas o sociales históricamente construidas en la definición de la institución familia podrían ser precisamente la causa del fracaso de estas relaciones familiares en el cumplimiento de sus fines personales. La justificación de la investigación se ubica en la necesidad de una nueva base conceptual para explicar a la familia, teniendo en cuenta, por ejemplo, las demandas formuladas por los movimientos feministas, LGTB, de defensa de los derechos de los niños, de los adolescentes, y de los ancianos, los que han encontrado importantes "oportunidades políticas" para el éxito de algunas de sus reclamaciones. Este trabajo fue desarrollado a partir de algunas reflexiones sobre el tema de las relaciones humanas familiares de autores de la psicología como Carl Rogers, J. L. Moreno y Richard Hycner, como base para evaluar las actuales y substantivas transformaciones del orden jurídico brasileño en lo referente a la institución familiar, que diariamente recibe a los nuevos arreglos familiares.

Le présent article a pour objet de lancer une réflexion sur un modèle de relation humaine familiale affirmant la famille comme un espace où l'individu est à même de mûrir et de se ressourcer, et où une rencontre authentique s'établit entre des personnes impliquées dans des relations d'affect ; à l'opposé, comme nous le verrons, du modèle de relation familiale fondé sur l'institution de la famille, sur la légalité et sur les politiques publiques, modèle maintenu jusqu'à nos jours. Il a été supposé que certaines prescriptions normatives ou sociales, élaborées historiquement à partir de la définition de l'institution de la famille, pourraient justement être la cause de l'échec de ces relations humaines familiales dans l'atteinte des objectifs personnels de chacun de ses membres. La justification de la recherche réside dans la nécessité d'un nouveau cadre conceptuel pour expliquer la famille, considérant, par exemple, les demandes formulées par les mouvements féministes, LGBT, de défense des droits des enfants, des adolescents et des personnes âgées, ceux qui ont trouvé opportunités importants dans la politiques, pour le succès de certaines de ses prétentions. La présente étude a été menée à partir de réflexions sur le thème des relations humaines familiales d'auteurs de psychologie comme Carl Rogers, J. L. Moreno et Richard Hycner, que nous avons pris pour base dans notre évaluation sur les transformations actuelles et substantielles de l'ordre juridique brésilien en matière d'institution familiale, laquelle voit, de nos jours, de nouvelles récompositions.

O corpo, o desenvolvimento humano e as tecnologias / Body human development and technologies

Estudar e analisar as relações entre corpo, desenvolvimento humano e tecnologias é objetivo deste trabalho. O avanço das tecnologias e as relações humanas sofrem mudanças nas sociedades atuais e estas alterações podem ser percebidas em todos os ambientes. Verifica-se que o ambiente escolar e a educação física escolar passa por transformações tecnológicas e seus professores tentam realizar ações que validem seus princípios. O estudo usa o MSN para coletar os dados aqui analisados.

The aim of this work is to study and analyze the relationships among body, technology and human development. Technological advances and human relations are going through changes in contemporary societies and these changes can be noticed in all environments. It seems that the school environment and the physical education are passing through technological changes and their teachers try to perform actions that validate its principles. This study has used MSN to collect the analyzed data.

Validity of the Human System Audit Transformational Leadership Short Scale (HSA-TFL) in four european countries / Validez de la escala corta de Liderazgo Transformacional en el marco de la Auditoría del Sistema Humano en cuatro países europeos (HSA-TFL)

This study aimed to clarify the validity of the short scale of Transformational Leadership used by the Human System Audit (short HSA-TFL). The need of today's enterprises for combined assessment of transformational leadership and quality-related performance in wider contexts requires short instruments based on scientific research. Convergent, construct and criterion validity of the short HSA-TFL were analyzed. Comparison of the short HSA-TFL with the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ-5X) showed high convergent validity. Exploratory factor analysis with hospital workers in Spain (N = 625) showed the single factor structure of the Spanish version of the HSA-TFL. Confirmatory factor analysis using three further samples of hospital workers (N = 776) from different european countries confirmed a single factor. As regards criterion validity, the results indicated that the short HSA-TFL is positively related in all four countries to subjective performance. In sum, the results provide empirical evidence for the validity of the short HSA-TFL scale.

La necesidad de las empresas de evaluar el liderazgo transformacional en un contexto amplio y combinado con rendimiento de calidad, requiere instrumentos cortos y, al mismo tiempo, basados en evidencia científica. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la validez (convergente, de constructo y de criterio) de la escala corta del Liderazgo Transformacional, usada por la Auditoria del Sistema Humano (short HSA-TFL). La comparación con el Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ-5X) aportó valores de alta validez convergente. El análisis factorial exploratorio con empleados del sector sanitario en España (N = 625) del HSA-TFL, sugiere una estructura unifactorial, que fue confirmada mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio, realizado con otras tres muestras de empleados del sector hospitalario de varios países europeos (N = 776). Asimismo, los resultados muestran, en los cuatro países, una relación positiva del HSA-TFL con el rendimiento subjetivo (validez de criterio). En conclusión, la versión breve del HSA-TFL es válida para el análisis del liderazgo transformacional.

Grupo Balint: aspectos que marcam a sua especificidade / Balint group: features that make its specificity for application in the field of relationship / Grupo Balint: características que definem su especificidad

Neste artigo apresentamos os fundamentos do Grupo Balint e discutimos alguns aspectos que marcam a sua especificidade e seu potencial para a aplicação da psicanálise no campo das relações humanas.

This article presents the fundamentals of the Balint group and the discussion of some aspects that mark its uniqueness and its potential for application of psychoanalysis in the field of human relations.

Este artículo presenta los fundamentos del grupo Balint y la discusión de algunos aspectos que marcan su singularidad y su potencial para la aplicación del psicoanálisis en el ámbito de las relaciones humanas.

Avaliação das propriedades psicométricas do Questionário de Relacionamento Central 6.0 (CRQ 6.0) em portadores de HIV/Aids / Assessment of the psychometrical properties of the Central Relationship Questionnaire 6.0 (CRQ 6.0) in HIV/Aids / Avaliación de las propiedads psicométricas del Cuestionario de Relación Central 6.0 (CRQ 6.0) en portadores de VIH/SIDA

O HIV/Aids é uma doença que traz consequências físicas e psicológicas, afetando o campo afetivo-relacional. O estudo objetivou avaliar propriedades psicométricas do Questionário de Relacionamento Central (CRQ 6.0) em pacientes HIV positivos. O CRQ 6.0 é um instrumento de autorrelato, baseado no método Tema Central de Relacionamento Conflituoso (CCRT), que identifica o padrão de relacionamento central, de acordo com três componentes: desejo (D), resposta do outro (RO) e resposta do eu (RE). Compuseram a amostra portadores de HIV (G1; n = 50) e acompanhantes de pacientes assistidos em outros ambulatórios do mesmo hospital (G2; n = 40). O CRQ 6.0 apresentou boa consistência interna (alfa entre 0,80 e 0,87); evidências de validade convergente e discriminante, com associações positivas e significantes entre seus componentes e fatores da Escala de Avaliação de Sintomas (EAS-40) (de 0,23 a 0,57); e diferenças significantes entre G1 e G2 para RE e entre os sexos para D do G1.

HIV/Aids is a disease with physical and psychological consequences that can reach the affective-relationship field. The study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Central Relationship Questionnaire (CRQ 6.0) in seropositive HIV/Aids patients. The CRQ 6.0 is a self-report instrument, based on the Core Conflictual Relationship Theme (CCRT), and designed to evaluate the central relationship pattern according to three components: wish (W), response of other (RO) and response from self (RS). Samples were integrated by a group of HIV-positive persons (G1, n = 50) and one group of persons who accompanied ambulatory patients in the same hospital (G2, n = 40). The CRQ 6.0 showed good internal consistency (alphas between 0.80 to 0.87), evidence of convergent and discriminant validity, with positive and significant associations between its components and factors of the Scale for Assessment of Symptoms (EAS-40) (from 0.23 to 0.57) and significant difference on scores between G1 and G2 for RS and between sexes for W in the G1.

VIH/Sida es una enfermedad que trae consecuencias físicas y psicológicas, que afectan a la esfera afectivo-relacional. El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Relación Central (CRQ 6.0) en pacientes VIH-positivos. El CRQ 6.0 es un cuestionario de auto-informe, basado en el método del Tema Central de Conflicto de Relación (CCRT), que identifica las características centrales de la relación, em función de tres componentes: el deseo (D), la respuesta de otros (RO) y respuesta del yo (RY). La muestra se compone de personas VIH positivas (G1, n = 50) y acompañantes de pacientes atendidos en otras clínicas en el mismo hospital (G2, n = 40). El CRQ 6.0 mostró buena consistencia interna (alfa entre 0,80 a 0,87), la prueba de validez convergente y discriminante, con asociaciones positivas y significativas entre sus componentes y factores de La Escala para la Evaluación de los Síntomas (EAS-40) (a partir de 0,23 a 0,57) y diferencias significativas en las puntuaciones entre G1 y G2 de RY y entre los sexos para la categoría D del G1.

Relações éticas na Atenção Básica em Saúde: a vivência dos estudantes de medicina / Ethical relationship in Primary Health Care: the experience of medical students

A formação ética dos médicos envolve as relações profissionais que fazem parte de seu cotidiano e, neste sentido, a Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (Famema) propicia aos estudantes de medicina vivenciar desde o início do curso, na Unidade Educacional de Prática Profissional (UPP), a reflexão sobre a prática e sobre a ética das ações em saúde na Atenção Básica em Saúde (ABS) junto à comunidade. Analisou-se, nesta pesquisa, a percepção dos acadêmicos de medicina das 1ª e 2ª séries acerca das relações éticas envolvidas nas ações em saúde junto à comunidade. A abordagem qualitativa foi a opção de análise desta investigação que permitiu a construção de três categorias empíricas comuns às duas séries: A formação ética e profissional na realidade da ABS; Confidencialidade da informação no desenvolvimento do sigilo profissional médico; As relações interpessoais na formação ética do estudante de medicina, com maior predominância da segunda categoria entre os da 1ª série. Portanto, as relações éticas são mais significativas aos estudantes quando vivenciadas, desde o início, em práticas como estas.

The ethical formation of doctors involves professional relationships that are part of their daily routine, and in this context, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (Famema) provides the medical students to live deeply since the beginning of the course at the Education Unit of Professional Practice, the ethical reflection of the actions in health when developing abilities in the Primary Health Care (PHC) together with the community. This scientific research analyzed the perception of academics of medicine on the first and second years concerning ethical actions in health developed together with the community. The qualitative approach was the option of analysis of this study that allowed the construction of three empirical categories common to the two years: The ethical and professional training in PHC's reality; Confidentiality of information on the development of medical professional secrecy; interpersonal relationships on ethical formation of medicine students, with more predominance of the second category among the first years students. Therefore, the ethical relations are more significant to the students when lived deeply, since the beginning in practices like these.

Grupos Balint: suas especificidades e seus potenciais para uma clínica das relações do trabalho / Balint Group: their specificities and its potential for a clinic working relations / Grupo balint: sus particularidades y su potencial para una clínica de actividades laborales

Neste trabalho são apresentados os fundamentos teóricos que sustentam a modalidade grupal criada por Michael Balint, cujo objetivo é contribuir na formação dos médicos generalistas, para capacitá-los a estabelecer uma adequada relação médico-paciente. O propósito é abrir um espaço de discussão sobre as potencialidades desse mesmo setting grupal para a constituição de uma clínica das relações de trabalho, pois consideramos que esse grupo apresenta certas especificidades que o caracterizam de modo especial para a análise das relações, primordialmente as que são requeridas durante o desempenho de atividades profissionais.(AU)

In this paper we present the theoretical foundations that sustain the group model created by Michael Balint. The group's objective is to contribute to the education of general practitioners so as to enable them to establish an adequate patient-doctor relationship. The purpose is to open space for discussion about the potential of this group setting regarding the investigation and adjustment of working relations, since we believe that the group's special characteristics do qualify it to better analyze those relations, especially the ones which are required for the exercise of professional activities.(AU)

En este artículo se hace la descripción de los fundamentos teóricos que le dan sustentación a la modalidad grupal creada por Michael Balint, que tiene el objetivo de contribuir para la formación de médicos en clínica general, con el intento de capacitarlos a establecer la adecuada relación médico-paciente. Nuestro propósito es proponer el debate respeto a las potencialidades que contiene ese mismo setting grupal para la constitución de una clínica de las relaciones requeridas por las actividades laborales, es que llevamos en cuenta que ese grupo contempla ciertas especificidades que lo caracterizan con potencial especial para el análisis de las relaciones, primordialmente las que son requeridas durante el cumplimiento de actividades profesionales.(AU)

Grupos balint: suas especificidades e seus potenciais para uma clínica das relações do trabalho / Balint group: their specificities and its potential for a clinic working relations / Grupo balint: sus particularidades y su potencial para una clínica de actividades laborales

Neste trabalho são apresentados os fundamentos teóricos que sustentam a modalidade grupal criada por Michael Balint, cujo objetivo é contribuir na formação dos médicos generalistas, para capacitá-los a estabelecer uma adequada relação médico-paciente. O propósito é abrir um espaço de discussão sobre as potencialidades desse mesmo setting grupal para a constituição de uma clínica das relações de trabalho, pois consideramos que esse grupo apresenta certas especificidades que o caracterizam de modo especial para a análise das relações, primordialmente as que são requeridas durante o desempenho de atividades profissionais.

In this paper we present the theoretical foundations that sustain the group model created by Michael Balint. The group's objective is to contribute to the education of general practitioners so as to enable them to establish an adequate patient-doctor relationship. The purpose is to open space for discussion about the potential of this group setting regarding the investigation and adjustment of working relations, since we believe that the group's special characteristics do qualify it to better analyze those relations, especially the ones which are required for the exercise of professional activities.

En este artículo se hace la descripción de los fundamentos teóricos que le dan sustentación a la modalidad grupal creada por Michael Balint, que tiene el objetivo de contribuir para la formación de médicos en clínica general, con el intento de capacitarlos a establecer la adecuada relación médico-paciente. Nuestro propósito es proponer el debate respeto a las potencialidades que contiene ese mismo setting grupal para la constitución de una clínica de las relaciones requeridas por las actividades laborales, es que llevamos en cuenta que ese grupo contempla ciertas especificidades que lo caracterizan con potencial especial para el análisis de las relaciones, primordialmente las que son requeridas durante el cumplimiento de actividades profesionales.

Effects of Self-Planning and Human-Relations Training for Medical Students / 医学教育

At Tokyo Women's Medical University, our curriculum for first-year students is designed to teach the dynamics and etiquette of human relations. During the third year, medical students are expected to anticipate and plan effective therapeutic communication and interaction with patients. A discussion group of 6 students and a member of the human-relations committee first clarify the purpose and develop the training; students then independently participate in human-relations training during the summer vacation. After training, experiences are discussed during class. Although this curriculum has been used for some 10 years, its benefits have been assumed but not validated. We used student reports and questionnaires to examine the effects of this curriculum. The results clearly show that planning and training give the students an opportunity to learn how to establish an effective physician-patient relationship.