Genetic Instability of a Polydactyl Hypopigmented Cat With Squamous Cell Carcinoma-A Case Report.

Polydactyly, hypopigmentation, and squamous cell carcinoma are common in cats. However, a cat exhibiting all of these conditions has not yet been reported. This study presents the case of a 14- year-old male Mexican cat, hypopigmented, with supernumerary fingers, two preaxial and one on each posterior limb, admitted to the clinic with a lesion in the left periocular region. The cat was subjected to a general physical examination, blood, and urine chemistry, as well as a biopsy and genomic instability assessment with an analysis of the red blood cells (RBC) micronucleated erythrocytes (RBC-MNE) in the peripheral blood. The biopsy was positive for squamous cell carcinoma, and the RBC-MNE count (8.6 MNE/1000 erythrocytes) was high compared to that previously described in other domestic cats or wild cats. Thus, the genomic instability of the RBC-MNE could be used as an indicator to identify clinical conditions of felines, particularly those with one of the characteristics exhibited by this Mexican cat. The RBC-MNE test is the most widely used in the world for the evaluation of DNA damage, but to our knowledge, it has not been used to identify vulnerable non-human specimens.

[Discrasia linfoide epiteliotrópica de células T. Tratamiento con radiación ultravioleta].

INTRODUCTION: T-cell lymphoid dyscrasia is a group of different, infrequent, epitheliotropic inflammatory dermatosis that precede cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. Treatment with ultraviolet radiation is safe and efficacious. OBJECTIVE: To describe responses to treatment, secondary effects and complications. METHOD: Eleven patients with different T-cell lymphoid dyscrasias were treated. Two received psoralens plus ultraviolet A radiation (PUVA) and nine narrow band ultraviolet B radiation (NB-UVB). RESULTS: Seven women and four men from 5 to 30 years-old and phototypes III and IV were included. They had hypopigmented epitheliotropic lymphoid dyscrasia, chronic pityriasis lichenoides, hypopigmented parapsoriasis and pigmented purpuric dermatoses. Two received PUVA and 9 NB-UVB. Eight achieved complete response and three partial response with 10 to 119 sessions. Any patient presented neither relapse nor progression to cutaneous T-cell lymphoma during treatment or in the follow up period after 34 to 247 sessions. Secondary effects were xerosis and mild pruritus. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients with T-cell lymphoid dyscrasias can be successfully and safely treated with minimal secondary effects after a variable number of sessions and periods of time with ultraviolet radiation.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las discrasias linfoides epiteliotrópicas de células T son un grupo de dermatosis inflamatorias poco frecuentes que pueden progresar a linfomas cutáneos. El tratamiento con radiación ultravioleta ha sido descrito como seguro y eficaz. OBJETIVO: Describir la respuesta al tratamiento, sus efectos secundarios y complicaciones. MÉTODO: Se administró radiación ultravioleta A con psoralenos (PUVA) a dos pacientes y radiación ultravioleta B de banda estrecha (NB-UVB) a nueve pacientes, con diferentes discrasias. RESULTADOS: Conformaron la serie siete mujeres y cuatro hombres, con edades de 5 a 30 años y con fototipos III y IV, con diagnóstico de discrasia linfoide epiteliotrópica hipopigmentada, pitiriasis liquenoide crónica, parapsoriasis hipopigmentada y púrpura pigmentada. Dos recibieron PUVA y nueve recibieron NB-UVB. Ocho alcanzaron respuesta completa y tres respuesta parcial con 10 a 119 sesiones de tratamiento. Ningún paciente presentó reactivación de la enfermedad después de 34 a 247 sesiones, y ninguno en tratamiento o seguimiento evolucionó a linfoma cutáneo. Los efectos secundarios fueron xerosis y prurito. CONCLUSIÓN: El tratamiento de las discrasias linfoides con radiación ultravioleta es eficaz y seguro, con efectos secundarios leves y con respuestas exitosas en la mayoría de los pacientes, en tiempo y número de sesiones variables.

Alargamento unilateral dos espaços perivasculares observados à ressonância magnética em um caso de hipomelanose de Ito: qual o valor deste achado? / The unilateral enlargement of the perivascular spaces on magnetic resonance imaging in a case of hypomelanosis of Ito: which the value of this finding?

Hipomelanose de Ito é uma síndrome neurocutânea rara, ligada ao cromossomo X, de caráter dominante, caracterizada por manchas hipopigmentadas seguindo as linhas de Blaschko, dispostasem espirais e estrias, que estão presentes ao nascimento ou surgem nos primeiros meses de vida.O envolvimento cerebral é frequente e representado por retardo mental e convulsões. Anormalidadesmusculoesqueléticas, dentárias, cardíacas, gastrintestinais ou urinárias podem estar presentes.A avaliação por imagem é normal em até 25% dos casos, porém o alargamento dos espaçosperivasculares, dentre outras apresentações de imagem, pode estar presente. Assim sendo, o diagnóstico diferencial com patologias tumorais e não-tumorais deve ser estabelecido.

Hypomelanosis of Ito is a rare neurocutaneous syndrome, X-linked,dominant, characterized by hypopigmented lesions of skin alongthe Blaschko lines. Skin lesions usually are present at birth orappear early in life. The cerebral involvement is frequent and represented by mental retardation and seizures. Skeletal Muscleabnormalities, dental, cardiac, gastrointestinal or urinary may bepresent. The imaging evaluation is normal up to 25% of the casesbut the enlargement of perivascular spaces, among other imagespresentations, may be present, thus the differential diagnosis oftumor and non-tumor, should be established.

Micosis fungoides hipopigmentada: reporte de siete casos / Hypopigmented mycosis fungoides: report of seven cases

Introducción: La micosis fungoides (MF) es el linfoma cutáneo de células T más frecuente. Se presenta de diversas formas clínicas, siendo la micosis fungoides hipopigmentada una variante clínica poco común, sobre todo en población caucásica. Objetivo general: Describir los hallazgos clínicos y anatomopatológicos de la serie de pacientes con diagnóstico de MF hipopigmentada. Material y método: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo. Se analizaron todos los casos de MF hipopigmentada diagnosticados en el período 2004-2009 en tres centros de atención dermatológica. Resultados: Se describen siete pacientes con diagnóstico de MF hipopigmentada; el estudio histológico confirmó el diagnóstico en todos los casos, con un período de seguimiento de seis a 66 meses. El promedio de edad al momento del diagnóstico fue de 20,5 años. La inmunohistoquímica en todos los pacientes fue CD8 +, y seis de los siete pacientes evaluados fueron CD4 +. Cinco de los pacientes fueron manejados con PUVA, y de ellos todos lograron la remisión completa.

Introduction:: Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. It manifests in diverse clinical forms, and a rare variant of MF is hypopigmented mycosis fungoides. Objective: To describe clinical, pathological and immunohistochemicol findings in a group of 7 hypopigmented MF patients. Material and methods: This is a descriptive and retrospective study. We analyzed all patients with diagnosis of hypopigmented MF during the 2004-2009 period in three dermatological centers. Results: We describe 7 patients diagnosed with hypopigmented MF Histological biopsies confirmed the diagnosis in all cases. The follow-up period was 6 to 66 months. The mean age at diagnosis was 20.5 years. Immunohistochemically, all patients were CD8 + and six were CD4 +. Treatment in five cases was with PUVA, which led to complete clinical remission.

Estudo piloto para avaliar a eficácia da minociclina no tratamento da hipomelanose macular progressiva (HMp) / Pilot study to evaluate the efficacy of minocycline in the treatment of progressive macular hypomelanosis (PMH)

Introdução: A hipomelanose macular progressiva (HMP) se caracteriza por máculas hipopigmentadas no tórax, abdômen e região lombar. É frequentemente mal diagnosticada e tem etiologia desconhecida. Recentemente foi descoberta fl uorescência vermelha nas lesões, o que sugere a presença de porfi rina, produzida pelo Propionibacterium acnes. Objetivo: Avaliar a efi cácia da Minociclina 100mg/dia no tratamento da hipomelanose macular progressiva. Material e métodos: Foram incluídos pacientes maiores de 16 anos, com história mínima de três meses, sem alergias a derivados de tetraciclina e sem antibioticoterapia prévia por 90 dias. Foram realizadas fotografi as antes e após 30, 60, 90, 120 dias de tratamento. Resultados: Dos 19 pacientes incluídos, 11 completaram o estudo. Destes, em todos houve recuperação da cor nas áreas afetadas. O sucesso terapêutico pôde ser constatado em todos os pacientes incluídos no estudo, por um período mínimo de sete e um máximo de 11 meses após o fim do tratamento, dependendo do tempo de seguimento de cada paciente. Conclusão: Minociclina 100mg/dia por três meses foi efi caz isoladamente no tratamento da HMP, confi rmando o provável papel do P. acnes como agente etiológico da doença.

Introduction: Progressive Macular Hypomelanosis (PMH) is characterized by hypopigmented maculae on the thorax, abdomen, and lumbar region. It is often misdiagnosed, and its etiology is unknown. Recently, lesions suggestive of porphyria, produced by Propionibacterium acnes, were discovered by red fl uorescence of the lesions. Objective: To evaluate the effi cacy of Minocycline, 100 mg/day, in the treatment of Progressive Macular Hypomelanosis. Material and methods: Patients older than 16 years with at least a three-month history, without allergies to tetracycline derivatives, and without a history of treatment with antibiotics for 90 days before the study, were included. Pictures were taken before beginning treatment and after 30, 60, 90, and 120 days and after this whenever possible. Results: Out of 19 patients, 11 completed the study. All of them showed recovery of the color in the affected areas. Treatment success could be demonstrated for a minimum of seven months and a maximum of 11 months after treatment. Conclusion: The isolated use of minocycline, 100mg/day for three months, was effective in the treatment of PMH, confi rming the probable role of P. acnes as the etiological agent.