Cultural adaptation of the revised Basel Instrument for Rationing of Care to the Turkish context: a study of validity and reliability.

Background: Studies have shown that nurses do not complete one or more necessary nursing care elements in their last shift due to lack of time. The Basel Extent of Rationing Nursing Care (BERNCA) instrument is one of the most used scales to measure the rationing of nursing care. Aim: This study is aimed to culturally adapt the revised BERNCA (BERNCA-R) instrument to the Turkish language and to test its validity and reliability. Methods: A cross-sectional and methodological study was used. The instrument was adapted in three stages: translation and adaptation, content validity testing and validity and reliability. Data were obtained from 350 nurses working in two public acute care hospitals in Turkey, between September 2019 and January 2020. The descriptive statistics, content validity index, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, Cronbach's α, Guttman split-half and inter-item reliability analyses were performed for the analysis of the data. Results: The Turkish version of the BERNCA-R instrument with a 27-item and three-subscales (monitoring, daily care and needs and psychosocial care) structure was found to have acceptable and good fit indices. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the BERNCA-R instrument is valid and reliable tool to measure rationing of nursing care.

Introducing an interview-based cognitive assessment tool for people with Schizophrenia in Ethiopia.

Assessment of cognitive impairment in people with schizophrenia (PWS) is limited in low and middle-income countries due to lack of context-appropriate measures. This study aimed to select, adapt, and evaluate an interview-based cognitive tool for PWS in Ethiopia. The study was carried out in three phases. In the first phase, we followed a rigorous instrument selection procedure to select a tool for adaptation. We then applied a rigorous instrument adaption procedure, including interviews with 24 participants. Finally, we evaluated the psychometric properties of the adapted tool with 208 PWS and 208 matched controls. The Cognitive Assessment Interview was selected as the appropriate tool for adaptation. This tool is practical and tolerable, with short time of administration. We reported high inter-rater reliability and test-retest reliability for the adapted scale. One-factor structure better represented the data with excellent internal consistency. Weak but significant correlation with a performance-based battery was reported. At a cut-off value of > 13, the tool significantly differentiated PWS from controls (62 % sensitivity and 82 % specificity). Item Response Theory-based analysis showed that the tool gives much information among severely impaired participants. The findings show that the tool is reliable, valid, and practical in resource-scarce settings.

Adaptation and Validation of the Korean Version of the Scope of School Nursing Practice Tool.

The scope of the school nursing practice tool (SSNPT) is needed to apply and explore the gap between what school nurses perceive as important and actual practices. This study adapted and validated the Korean version of SSNPT (K-SSNPT) among 360 Korean school nurses in January 2022. The reliable and valid K-SSNPT can inform school nurses' workforce policies by capturing the current scope of school nursing practice and setting priorities for improving school health in South Korea.

Physical health attitude scale among mental health nurses in Taiwan: Validation and a cross-sectional study.

The Physical Health Attitude Scale (PHASe) is an internationally valid and reliable scale for assessing mental health nurses' attitudes toward providing physical health care to people with serious mental illness. This study translated the PHASe into traditional Chinese and evaluated its psychometric properties in the context of Taiwan. A descriptive, cross-sectional study design was adopted, and convenience sampling was used to recruit 520 mental health nurses from 11 hospitals across Taiwan. Data were collected between August and December 2019. Brislin's translation model was used for the validation process. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to establish the construct validity of the scale, and Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability were used to determine its reliability. The factor analysis results revealed that the 4-factor 17-item traditional Chinese version of the PHASe accounted for 44.2% of the total variance. Each factor had adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.70 to 0.80). We also noted significant differences between groups with different attitudes, demonstrating known-group validity. Our findings indicate that the traditional Chinese version of the PHASe is acceptable for evaluating nurses' attitudes toward providing physical health care in Taiwan.

ADAPTATION AND TESTING OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITY ATTITUDES IN NURSING CARE INSTRUMENT.

Background and Purpose: Individuals with developmental disability (DD) often experience poor health outcomes, potentiated by healthcare inequities. Nurses have the potential to reduce these inequities through the quality of care provided. The quality of care provided by nursing students, the future generation of nurses, is affected by the attitudes of their clinical nursing faculty. The purpose of this study was to adapt and test an instrument to specifically measure the attitudes of clinical nursing faculty toward providing care to people with DD. Methods: The Disability Attitudes in Health Care (DAHC) instrument was adapted to create the new Developmental Disability Attitudes in Nursing Care (DDANC) instrument. Results: Content experts reviewed the DDANC for content validity (CVI = 0.88), followed by testing for internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.7). The study respondents had overall positive attitudes toward the care of people with DD. Conclusions: The DDANC is an acceptably valid and reliable instrument to assess attitudes of clinical nursing faculty toward providing care to people with DD.

Psychometric Evaluation of Turkish Version of the Cultural Competence Assessment Tool: CCA-EUnurse Project.

It is important to understand nurses' cultural competency all across the world, as globalization and international migration are increasing day by day. The evaluation of the cultural competence of nurses is necessary to provide better quality and adequate health services to individuals, and to improve patient satisfaction and health outcomes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the "Cultural Competence Assessment Tool". The methodological study was performed to assess instrument adaptation and validity and reliability testing. This study was conducted in a university hospital in western region of Turkey. The study sample consisted of 410 nurses who worked in this hospital. Validity was tested using content validity index, Kendall's W test and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Reliability was tested using item-total and interitem correlations, Cronbach's α coefficient of reliability and test-retest analysis. The results of this research demonstrated that the Cultural Competence Assessment Tool showed a good construct validity, internal reliability and test-retest reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a construct with four factors showed an acceptable model fit. In conclusion, this study concluded that the Turkish version of the Cultural Competence Assessment Tool is a valid and reliable measurement tool.

Elementary school climate through teachers' eyes: Portuguese adaptation of the Organizational Climate Description Questionnaire Revised for Elementary schools.

Strong links have been observed between professionals' occupational health and their perceived organizational climate. However, in Portugal, one of the European Union countries where teachers present higher levels of occupational stress, no measures have been found to assess perceived school climate in elementary-school teachers. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric qualities of the Portuguese adaptation of the Organizational Climate Description Questionnaire Revised for Elementary Schools (OCDQ-RE). To test its factor structure, 687 elementary-school teachers (85.2% female, M Age = 46.15 years, SD Age = 8.88) completed the Portuguese OCDQ-RE. An additional sample of 81 participants (96.3% female, M Age = 46.21 years, SD Age = 4.82) responded at two points in time and completed external measures, ensuring test-retest reliability and validity analyses. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the hypothesized factor structure. Coefficient omegas suggested adequate internal consistency of the composites. Adequate test-retest reliability was sustained through high correlation scores between the two data collection waves. Evidence of discriminant validity against external measures was also observed. Despite the need for further studies, the results support the adequacy and reliability of the Portuguese OCDQ-RE which may be an important research and intervention resource.

Adapting the Geriatric Institutional Assessment Profile for different countries and languages: A multi-language translation and content validation study.

BACKGROUND: Hospitalization can be hazardous for older people, but most hospitals in Europe are not prepared to meet the unique needs of older adult inpatients. Adaptations of the physical environment, care processes, and staff knowledge and skills in geriatric care are essential to improve the quality of care for older people. An assessment of baseline organizational approaches to older adult care is an important first step toward recognizing the challenges organizations face when delivering acute care services to older adults and attempting to improve them. The Geriatric Institutional Assessment Profile could be a promising tool for this endeavor. OBJECTIVES: To describe a systematic process implemented across seven countries and languages that sought to develop valid and culturally-appropriate translations of the Geriatric Institutional Assessment Profile. DESIGN: Cross-cultural instrument translation and content validation study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Expert review panels comprised of 68 practicing nurses from seven European or EU associated countries (Austria (German), Belgium (Dutch), Denmark (Danish), Israel (Hebrew), Poland (Polish), Switzerland (German, French), and Turkey (Turkish)) evaluated cross-cultural relevance, including translation, of the Geriatric Institutional Assessment Profile. METHOD: A systematic approach to translating and validating a cross-cultural survey instrument, including back-to-back translation, adaptation, and evaluation of content validity using content validity indexing (CVI) techniques for each country and language, assessing translation and relevance content validity separately. The item, subscale and domain content validity index scores were calculated and adjusted for chance agreement among raters for all parts of the Geriatric Institutional Assessment Profile: the four subscales of geriatric care environment, the general knowledge about older adults subscale, and the clinical geriatric knowledge subscale. Consensus discussions among the raters then finalized translations. RESULTS: CVI scores for relevance and translation were all in the "good" to "excellent" range. The geriatric care environment scale's CVI scores were 0.84 to 0.94 for relevance and 0.82 to 0.98 for translation. The clinical geriatric knowledge subscale's CVI scores were 0.83 to 0.97 for relevance and 0.94 to 0.98 for translation. The general knowledge about older adults subscale received high translation agreement (0.93 to 0.99) but slightly lower scores for relevance, ranging from 0.46 to 0.94. CONCLUSION: Study results provided preliminary evidence of the applicability and validity of a multi-factor measure of age-friendly care in diverse health care systems, in German, Dutch, Danish, Hebrew, Polish, French, and Turkish languages.

Adaptation of Work Values Instrument in Indonesian Final Year University Students.

Background: One of the preferences working in the Generation Z is based on their motivational work values. The relevance of job choices with the work values will contribute to student career planning. The work value instrument among generations is one of the popular instruments used to measure final year students' work value, yet few studies of the psychometric properties of non-English language versions of this instrument. This study's objectives were to adapt a questionnaire of work value in Indonesian final year university students. Methods: The number of participants in this study was 316 students in Indonesia, comprised of final year students from various majors who were selected by quota sampling. The instrument consisted of 5 dimensions of value, including leisure, extrinsic rewards, intrinsic rewards, altruistic rewards, and social rewards. The reliability analysis was performed using McDonald's Omega, the evidence of validity was obtained from test content, internal structure through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and evidence-based in relation to other variable has conducted the correlation between work value and career development learning using the Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: The results showed that the work values instrument had good psychometric properties, including good reliability, good content validity, and internal structure. In CFA, the two-factor structure showed satisfactory model fit. Moreover, the correlation of work value with career development learning builds stronger validity evidence on this instrument. Conclusion: The adapted instrument can be used practically to identify work value preferences of final year students to help them choose a work preference and setup the career planning before graduating. The result could be of interest for the researcher in work value, motivational work, and career areas in higher education. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports about the adaptation of work value instruments in Indonesian final year university students.

The German version of the Cultural Competence Assessment (CCA-G): cross-cultural adaptation and validation study in Austrian acute care settings.

BACKGROUND: Adapting practices to respond sensitively to increasingly culturally diverse patients can be challenging. Therefore, cultural competence among nurses needs to be assessed to evaluate their current cultural competence and the need for interventions to improve daily nursing practice. Little is known about cultural competence of nurses in German-speaking countries, including Austria, as there is currently no validated tool in German to assess cultural competence in nurses. The aims of this study were to translate and cross-culturally adapt the Cultural Competence Assessment scale in German and to evaluate its psychometric properties. METHODS: This is a methodology study with a cross-sectional design. Conducting a convenience sampling, Austrian nurses working in the direct care of patients in acute care settings were invited to participate in this study. Data collection was conducted in March 2021. The translation and cross-cultural adaptation were conducted by following the guidelines of Sousa et al. (J Eval Clin Pract 17:268-74, 2011) and Beaton et al. (Spine 25:3186-91, 2000). The face and content validity, structural validity, and internal consistency reliability of the Cultural Competence Assessment scale, which consists of 25 items, was evaluated. Data were analysed using content validity index, confirmatory factor analyses as well as McDonald's Omega. Descriptive statistics were computed with the statistical software IBM SPSS Statistics 26, while the confirmatory factor analysis was conducted with the R package Lavaan. RESULTS: Overall, 915 nurses completed the questionnaire. Twenty items had an acceptable item content validity index. Using confirmatory factor analyses, a two-factor model with 14 items yielded a good fit (x2/df = 3.16; CFI = .923; TLI = .908; RMSEA = .055 (.049-.062) and SRMR = .039). Internal consistency reliability was found to be acceptable, as indicated by a Omega of .87. CONCLUSION: The German version of the Cultural Competence Assessment scale (CCA-G) can be recommended for measuring cultural competence behaviour of nurses in acute care settings. The 14-item scale showed strong construct validity and acceptable internal consistency. Further research using repeated measures could determine the cultural sensitivity and indicate if the tool is applicable in other healthcare settings and for other healthcare professionals.

Increasing the Utility of the Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality-Lexical Rating Scale (CAPP-LRS): Instrument Adaptation and Simplification.

The Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality-Lexical Rating Scale (CAPP-LRS) is a self-report instrument designed to index psychopathy according to the CAPP psychopathy framework. Developed with the expressed goal of advancing the state of knowledge regarding the specific features of psychopathy, the CAPP model and associated instruments have garnered increasing attention and support in the field. Despite the conceptual strength of the CAPP model, the advanced lexical structure of its primary research tool (the CAPP-LRS) has led researchers to question the utility of the instrument for use with some populations of interest (e.g., forensic/correctional and adolescent/young adult samples). The aim of the present work was to address this issue by creating a lexically simplified, though functionally equivalent, version of the CAPP-LRS to increase accessibility to critically relevant populations. A set of two studies (N = 602) describes the adaptation protocol and the initial validation of the modified instrument.

Can a Modified Environment Assessment Tool Guide Priorities for Minor Refurbishments at a Residential Aged Care Facility?

This pilot study aimed to examine EVOLVE UK extra care housing tool in an Australian residential aged care minor refurbishment context. The tool's content validity was established with 34 subcategories (I-CVI ≥0.75) and 612 statements (n = 509 I-CVI ≥0.75) relevant. A subsequent audit indicated high concordance (Rho-C = 0.750 to 0.997) within four experts' ratings of the care facility and correlation (Kendall's τ-statistic) between raters ranged from strong (0.5 to 0.9) to very strong (0.9 to 1.0). Lighting was the highest refurbishment element represented (50.54%). Assessment can inform funding, demonstrate standards compliance, and the components of physical environment refurbishments which support resident function.

Psychometric properties of the Czech versions of the Impact of Pediatric Epilepsy Scale (IPES) and Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory for Adolescents (QOLIE-AD-48).

OBJECTIVE: In order to introduce a complex system of monitoring and evaluation of the heath-related quality of life (HRQoL) of children and adolescents with epilepsy (CWE) and their families in the Czech Republic, we aimed to validate the Czech versions of two appropriate instruments - the Impact of Pediatric Epilepsy Scale (IPES) and the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory for Adolescents (QOLIE-AD-48). METHODS: The verification of the 11-item IPES was carried out in the group of parents of 248 CWE aged 2-18 years. One hundred and thirty-five CWE from the given group aged 11-18 years then completed the 48-item QOLIE-AD-48. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability (with a three-month interval) and the factorial structure of the Czech versions were determined and compared with the original instruments. RESULTS: We found that the Czech version of the IPES exhibited very good psychometric properties including high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha, α, of 0.93), high test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC, of 0.76) and the same 3-factor structure as the original instrument. The superiority of this 3-factor solution over the alternate 2-factor model proposed for some language versions of the IPES was determined using confirmatory factor analysis. We found 8 items in the Czech version of the QOLIE-AD-48 belonging to original Attitudes towards epilepsy and Social support subscales that do not fit well with the Czech version due to their low correlation with the total score and insufficient test-retest reliability and should be omitted. For the remaining 40 items, we have determined high internal consistency (α = 0.95) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.82). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the 6-factor solution derived from the original instrument (without two removed subscales) was appropriate for the Czech version. The individual subscales exhibited high internal consistency with α = 0.61-0.91. The external validation of both instruments was confirmed based on a significant correlation between test results and physicians' reports of the characteristics of the child's epilepsy. CONCLUSIONS: The Czech versions of both instruments studied are reliable and valid, and can be used in the next research focusing on the effect of different treatment approaches on the HRQoL of CWE and their families.

Transcultural translation and adaptation of condom embarrassment scale for the brazilian context / Traducción transcultural y adaptación de la condom embarrassment scale para el contexto brasileño / Tradução e adaptação transcultural da condom embarrassment scale para o contexto brasileiro

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation of the Condom Embarrassment Scale for use in the Brazilian context. Method: methodological study that included the following steps: initial translation of the original scale by two independent translators, summary of translations, reverse translation, evaluation of the reverse translation by the author of the original scale, adaptations in the Portuguese version by a committee of experts and completion of pre -test. Such steps allowed the necessary adaptations to be made to the socio-cultural reality and to the level of understanding of the target population. 42 university students aged 18 to 28, of both sexes, from a university located in the Midwest Region of Brazil participated in the pre-test. Results: considering the idiomatic and cultural variations evaluated, the Portuguese version demonstrated equivalence with the North American version. Conclusion: the Brazilian Portuguese version of the scale demonstrated comprehensibility when applied to university students. Further studies evaluating the psychometric properties of the scale are needed.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir el proceso de adaptación transcultural de la Condom Embarrassment Scale (Escala de restricciones en el uso de condones) para su uso en el contexto brasileño. Método: estudio metodológico que comprendió los siguientes pasos: traducción inicial de la escala original por dos traductores independientes, síntesis de traducciones, traducción inversa, evaluación de la traducción inversa por el autor de la escala original, adaptaciones en la versión en portugués por un comité de expertos y realización del pretest. Estos pasos han permitido realizar las adaptaciones necesarias a la realidad sociocultural y al nivel de comprensión de la población-objetivo. Participaron del pretest 42 estudiantes universitarios de ambos sexos, de 18 a 28 años, de una universidad situada en la región del medio oeste del Brasil. Resultados: teniendo en cuenta las variaciones idiomáticas y culturales evaluadas, la versión en portugués demostró equivalencia con la versión norte americana. Conclusión: la versión en portugués brasileño de la escala demostró ser comprensible cuando se aplicó a estudiantes universitarios. Se necesitan más estudios que evalúen las propiedades psicométricas de la escala.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever o processo de adaptação transcultural da Condom Embarrassment Scale (Escala de Constrangimento no uso do Preservativo) para utilização no contexto brasileiro. Método: estudo metodológico que compreendeu as seguintes etapas: tradução inicial da escala original por dois tradutores independentes, síntese das traduções, tradução reversa, avaliação da tradução reversa pela autora da escala original, adaptações na versão em português por comitê de especialistas e realização do pré-teste. Tais etapas permitiram realizar as adaptações necessárias à realidade sociocultural e ao nível de compreensão da população-alvo. Participaram do pré-teste 42 universitários com idades entre 18 e 28, de ambos os sexos, de uma universidade localizada na Região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Resultados: levando-se em consideração as variações idiomáticas e culturais avaliadas, a versão em português demonstrou equivalência com a versão Norte-Americana. Conclusão: a versão da escala no português do Brasil demonstrou compreensibilidade quando aplicada em universitários. Novos estudos avaliando as propriedades psicométricas da escala são necessários.

Measuring Parent Satisfaction With Care in Neonatal Intensive Care Units: The EMPATHIC-NICU-USA Questionnaire.

Background: Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patient satisfaction is measured as parent satisfaction. Parents are critical to the family-centered care model and can evaluate care. Several EMpowerment of PArents in THe Intensive Care (EMPATHIC) instruments were developed in the Netherlands to measure parent satisfaction with neonatal and pediatric intensive care. EMPATHIC instruments comprise five domains and a total score: information, care and treatment, organization, parental participation, and professional attitude. To our knowledge, the EMPATHIC has not been adapted for USA use. Objectives: (1) To select a relevant EMPATHIC instrument for our study. (2) To expand the content reflecting the role of nurses and the cultural heterogeneity of USA NICU infants. (3) To adapt the selected EMPATHIC instrument to USA English. (4) To establish psychometric properties of the linguistically adapted instrument. (5) To evaluate instrument performance with additional items. Methods: The EMPATHIC-30 was selected based on shortest length, high overlap with neonatal EMPATHIC-N, and availability of a validated Spanish-language version. Six items from the EMPATHIC-N were added, two of which were split into separate items, resulting in the EMPATHIC-38. A neonatal nurse practitioner adapted wording to USA English. Cognitive debriefing was performed with eight NICU parents to evaluate adapted wording. Parent survey data from a study about missed nursing care and NICU parent satisfaction were utilized. Internal consistency of the five domains and overall score was measured by Cronbach's alpha. Spearman's rank correlations were computed for domains and overall score with four validity measures. Differential validity was determined using 13 parent demographic subgroups. Results: Data were from 282 parents. Parent race was predominantly White (61%) or Black (22%). One fifth were Hispanic. The adapted wording was satisfactory. Four of the five EMPATHIC-30 and EMPATHIC-38 domains had Cronbach alphas at or above 0.70, indicating acceptable reliability. Correlations between the domain, total scores, and validity indicators ranged from 0.30 to 0.57, indicating positive, moderate associations. Results were replicated in demographic subgroups. Reliability and validity of the three domains with additional items were better than or equivalent to values for the original. Conclusion: The linguistically adapted EMPATHIC-30-NICU-USA and the expanded EMPATHIC-38-NICU-USA exhibit satisfactory psychometric properties and are suitable for use in USA NICUs.

Adaptação e validação transcultural de uma medida de fatores de absenteísmo / Transcultural adaptation and validation of factors within absenteeism / Adaptación y validación transcultural de una medida de los factores de absentismo

O absenteísmo laboral, fenômeno complexo, é caracterizado pela ausência de um empregado de suas atividades trabalhistas. Apesar da importância do tema, visto que pode provocar impactos na produtividade e nos custos de uma organização, não foram encontrados instrumentos sobre o absenteísmo laboral validados para a população brasileira. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma adaptação e validação transcultural de uma escala de absenteísmo laboral. O trabalho foi constituído por dois estudos. No primeiro, foi realizada a adaptação semântica e análise fatorial exploratória do instrumento. No segundo estudo, foi realizada a análise fatorial confirmatória a partir dos resultados obtidos no primeiro estudo. Os resultados obtidos confirmam a validade do instrumento adaptado que se apresentou como unifatorial, com precisão bastante satisfatória (α = 0,91). Os resultados são discutidos a partir das concepções teóricas do construto, da possibilidade de sua utilização em diagnósticos e pesquisas de cunho acadêmico e das limitações dos estudos. (AU)

The complex phenomenon known as labor absenteeism is characterized by the absence of an employee from his or her work duties. Despite the importance of this theme, given the possible impact it may have on productivity and costs of an organization, no validated instruments on labor absenteeism were found for the Brazilian population. The objective of the present work was to conduct a transcultural adaptation and validation of a labor absenteeism scale. The work consisted of two studies. The first focused on achieving a semantic adaptation of the original instrument to Brazilian Portuguese and exploratory factor analysis. In the second study a confirmatory factor analysis was performed based on the results of the first study. The results confirmed the validity of the adapted instrument, which presented itself as unifactorial, with very satisfactory precision (α = 0.91). The results are discussed based on the theoretical conceptions of the construct, the possibility of its use in diagnostic and academic research, and the limitations of the studies. (AU)

El absentismo laboral, fenómeno complejo, se caracteriza por la ausencia de un empleado en sus actividades laborales. A pesar de la importancia del tema, ya que puede provocar impactos en la productividad y en los costos de una organización, no se encontraron instrumentos validados de absentismo laboral para la población brasileña. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una adaptación y validación transcultural de una escala de absentismo laboral. El trabajo fue constituído por dos estudios. En el primer estudio se realizó la adaptación semántica y el análisis factorial exploratorio del instrumento. En el segundo estudio, se realizó análisis factorial confirmatorio a partir de los resultados obtenidos en el primer estudio. Los resultados obtenidos confirman la validez del instrumento adaptado que se presentó como unifactorial, con precisión bastante satisfactoria (α = 0,91). Los resultados son discutidos a partir de las concepciones teóricas del constructo, de la posibilidad de su utilización en diagnósticos e investigaciones de índole académico y de las limitaciones de los estudios. (AU)

Hospital survey on patient safety culture (HSOPSC): a multi-method approach for target-language instrument translation, adaptation, and validation to improve the equivalence of meaning for cross-cultural research.

BACKGROUND: The Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) is widely utilized in multiple languages across the world. Despite culture and language variations, research studies from Latin America use the Spanish language HSOPSC validated for Spain and the United States. Yet, these studies fail to report the translation method, cultural adaptation process, and the equivalence assessment strategy. As such, the psychometric properties of the HSOPSC are not well demonstrated for cross-cultural research in Latin America, including Peru. The purpose of this study was to develop a target-language HSOPSC for cross-cultural research in Peru that asks the same questions, in the same manner, with the same intended meaning, as the source instrument. METHODS: This study used a mixed-methods approach adapted from the translation guideline recommended by Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. The 3-phase, 7-step process incorporated translation techniques, pilot testing, cognitive interviews, clinical participant review, and subject matter expert evaluation. RESULTS: The instrument was translated and evaluated in 3 rounds of cognitive interview (CI). There were 37 problem items identified in round 1 (14 clarity, 12 cultural, 11 mixed); and resolved to 4 problems by round 3. The pilot-testing language clarity inter-rater reliability was S-CVI/Avg = 0.97 and S-CVI/UA = 0.86; and S-CVI/Avg = 0.96 and S-CVI/UA = 0.83 for cultural relevance. Subject matter expert agreement in matching items to the correct dimensions was substantially equivalent (Kappa = 0.72). Only 1 of 12 dimensions had a low Kappa (0.39), borderline fair to moderate. The remaining dimensions performed well (7 = almost perfect, 2 = substantial, and 2 = moderate). CONCLUSIONS: The HSOPSC instrument developed for Peru was markedly different from the other Spanish-language versions. The resulting items were equivalent in meaning to the source, despite the new language and different cultural context. The analysis identified negatively worded items were problematic for target-language translation. With the limited literature about negatively worded items in the context of cross-cultural research, further research is necessary to evaluate this finding and the recommendation to include negatively worded items in instruments. This study demonstrates cross-cultural research with translated instruments should adhere to established guidelines, with cognitive interviews, based on evidence-based strategies.

Translation and its Psychometric Characteristic of the Diabetes Strengths and Resilience Measure among Chinese Adolescents with type 1 Diabetes.

PURPOSE: This study is designed to develop a Chinese version of the Diabetes Strengths and Resilience Measure for Adolescents (DSTAR-Teen) and evaluate its psychometric characteristics. DESIGN AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty adolescents with type 1 diabetes (Mean age = 16.3 ±â€¯5.1, 51.7% male, Mean HbA1c = 7.6 ±â€¯2.2%) were enrolled from one national endocrine center in China. Participants were administered with the DSTAR-Teen and the related psychosocial instruments to evaluate the reliability and validity. The DSTAR-Teen was adapted into Chinese version prior to data collection. RESULTS: The Chinese DSTAR-Teen demonstrated adequate reliability (Cronbach's α coefficients = 0.90, intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.98). A minimum detectable change at the 95% confidence level was 5.8 points. In exploratory and confirmatory factorial analyses, a three-factor structure emerged with a variance of 67.4%, demonstrating construct validity. Moreover, resilience was significantly associated with glycated hemoglobin, diabetes distress and self-care behavior as hypothesized, further supporting validity. CONCLUSION: The Chinese version of the DSTAR-Teen is a psychometrically sound instrument that may capture the adaptive attitudes and behaviors associated with diabetes management. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: This scale can be used in both clinical and research settings with the aim of identifying diabetes specific strengths and improving the health outcomes in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Evidências de Validade da Versão Reduzida do Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (COPE) com Trabalhadores Brasileiros / Evidencias de validez de la versión reducida del Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (COPE) con trabajadores brasileños / Validity evidences of the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (COPE) reduced version with Brazilian workers

Resumo Objetivo: Coping é definido como os esforços cognitivos e comportamentais para controlar, vencer, tolerar ou reduzir demandas internas e externas que excedem as capacidades da pessoa em termos de estresse. Este artigo propõe uma versão reduzida do Inventário COPE. Método: Participaram deste estudo transversal 524 trabalhadores de instituições localizadas em Porto Alegre e Região Metropolitana (RS), Brasil, selecionados por acessibilidade. Destes, 57,6% eram mulheres com idades entre 16 e 67 anos (M=30,7; DP=10). Como instrumentos foram utilizados o Inventario COPE e um questionário de dados sociodemográficos e laborais. A validade de conteúdo foi analisada através do método de juízes. A validade de construto foi analisada mediante análise fatorial confirmatória e confiabilidade. Resultados: Em termos da validade de conteúdo, os juízes confirmaram a abrangência teórica e conceitual da escala, considerando os elementos apropriados para avaliar coping. A análise fatorial confirmatória demonstrou índices de ajustes adequados para o modelo de três dimensões: RMSEA = 0,05 (I.C = 0,04-0,06); CFI = 0,94 e alfas satisfatórios para o modelo composto por 18 itens, seis que avaliam estratégias de coping evitativo (α = 0,71), seis que avaliam as estratégias com foco na emoção (α = 0,78) e seis, estratégias com foco no problema (α = 0,81). Tais resultados indicam que a COPE possui propriedades psicométricas adequadas para o estudo do coping no Brasil. Conclusões: O uso da versão reduzida do COPE pode contribuir para uma avaliação mais ágil e efetiva no que tange às estratégias de coping na realidade brasileira.

Resumen Objetivo: Afrontamiento se define como los esfuerzos cognitivos y conductuales para controlar, vencer, tolerar o reducir demandas internas y externas que exceden las capacidades de la persona en términos de estrés. Este artículo de investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar las evidencias de validez de la versión reducida de 18 ítems del inventario COPE. Método: Participaron de ese estudio transversal 524 trabajadores de instituciones localizadas en Porto Alegre y Región Metropolitana (RS), Brasil, seleccionados por accesibilidad. De esos, 57,6% eran mujeres con edades entre 16 y 67 años (M=30,7; DP=10). Como instrumentos fueron utilizados el Inventario COPE y un cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos y laborales. Se analizó la validez de contenido a través del método de jueces. La validez de constructo se realizo mediante el análisis factorial confirmatorio y la confiabilidad. Resultados: En términos de validez de contenido, los jueces confirmaron el ámbito teórico y conceptual de la escala, considerando los elementos apropiados para evaluar coping. El análisis factorial confirmatorio demostró índices de ajuste adecuados para el modelo de tres dimensiones: RMSEA = 0,05 (I.C. = 0,04 0,06); CFI = 0,94, así como alfas satisfactorios para el modelo compuesto por 18 ítems, seis que evalúan estrategias de afrontamiento de evitación (α=0,71), seis que evalúan las estrategias con foco en la emoción (α=0,78) y seis estrategias con foco en el problema (α=0,81). Los resultados indican que la COPE tiene propiedades psicométricas adecuadas para el estudio del afrontamiento en Brasil. Conclusiones: La utilización de la versión reducida del COPE puede contribuir para una evaluación más ágil y efectiva en lo que concierne a las estrategias de afrontamiento en la realidad brasileña.

Abstract Objective: Coping is defined as cognitive and behavioral efforts to control, win, tolerate or reduce internal or external demands that exceed person's resources in relation with stress. This paper proposes COPE Inventory as a reduced version including 18 items. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted; 524 workers from institutions located in Porto Alegre and Metropolitan Region (MR), Brazil, selected by accessibility were sampled. 57.6% of the participants, were women between 16-67 years old (M = 30.7, SD = 10). As instruments, the COPE Inventory and a sociodemographic and labor data questionnaire were used. Content validity was analyzed through the judges method. The construct validity was analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis. Results: In terms of content validity, the judges confirmed the theoretical and conceptual scope of the scale, considering the elements appropriate to evaluate coping. The confirmatory factor analysis showed adequate adjustment indices for the three-dimensional model: RMSEA = 0.05 (C. I. = 0.04 - 0.06); CFI = 0.94 and satisfactory alphas to the model composed by 18 items, six that evaluate evitative coping strategies (α = 0.71), six that evaluate emotion focused coping (α = 0.78) and six evaluating problem focused coping (α = 0.81) were identified. These results show that COPE has adequate psychometric properties for coping study in Brazil. Conclusions: COPE in a reduced version use may contribute to a more agile and more effective evaluation related to the use of coping strategies in Brazilian reality.

The Family Management of Childhood Chronic Conditions: Measurement in a Turkish Sample.

PURPOSE: The principal aim of this study was to adapt the FaMM into the Turkish language and test its validity and reliability. DESIGN AND METHODS: Data were collected from a total of 395 parents of children with chronic disease. The FaMM was translated using the translation and back-translation method. The reliability analysis of the FaMM was performed using Cronbach alpha coefficients, item-total correlations and test-retest correlations. Construct validity for the scale was assessed with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). RESULTS: The overall content validity index was 95%, signifying that the FaMM has good content validity. The CFA of the Turkish version of the FaMM did not confirm the original factorial structure. The model of three subscales for the Turkish FaMM was validated using EFA. The values of ≥0.70 for the Cronbach alpha coefficient, >0.25 for the item-total correlations and >0.40 for the test-retest application correlations for 2 weeks were found to be acceptable levels for the instruments and its subscales. CONCLUSIONS: The FaMM was found to be valid, reliable and appropriate for Turkish culture and psychometric characteristics were satisfactory. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The FaMM can be used in evaluating the management of illness in families with children with chronic disease.