An integrated instrumental and sensory techniques for assessing liking, softness and emotional related of gluten-free bread based on blended rice and bean flour.

Despite recent scientific advances and the growth of the gluten-free market, important issues such as the improvement of the sensory and nutritional quality of gluten-free bread (GFB) still need to be addressed. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to integrate instrumental and sensory techniques for assessing liking, softness, and emotions related to GFB based on rice flour (RF) and bean flour (BF). Results shows that common BF increases the ash, protein, and dietary fiber content of bread. The RF and BF blend improves dough thermomechanical properties, bread volume, instrumental texture properties and acceptability, as well as being the formulation indicated by consumers as presenting ideal softness, all of which subsequently correlated with positive food-related emotions, based on a facial emojis list. Thus, a RF and BF blend is a valuable ingredient producing nutrient-dense and acceptable GFB, which is important for consumers who choose or must adhere to a gluten-free diet. This research highlights promising predictors able to correlate dough parameters, as well as physical properties of bread with the sensory quality of GFB; this could be helpful to food scientists and producers to conduct extensive sensory and consumer research regarding both commercial and experimental GFB to establish whether those products meet consumer expectations, showing the relevance of continuing studies.

Laminados de guayaba (Psidium guajava L) enriquecidos con inulina y calcio / Guava (Psidium guajava L.) laminates enriched with inulin and calcium

La guayaba (Psidium guajava L.) es una fruta de gran aceptación que puede ser utilizada como vehículo de nutrientes y componentes bioactivos, cualidades atractivas para elaborar alimentos con beneficios a la salud. Por tal motivo, se desarrollaron laminados de guayaba enriquecidos con inulina y calcio. Para elaborar los laminados se preparó un puré con pulpa de guayaba, sacarosa y fructosa en proporción 85:10:5, se adicionó inulina, lactato de calcio, solución de ácido cítrico (30%) y se deshidrató en un secador de bandejas a 60 ºC. Se desarrollaron cuatro formulaciones variando las proporciones de inulina y lactato de calcio. Se evaluó la aceptabilidad global de los laminados con una escala hedónica no estructurada de 10 cm (cero representó “me disgusta mucho”, cinco “indiferente” y diez “me gusta mucho”) y la aceptabilidad de los atributos sensoriales dulzor, acidez, color y dureza al morder con una escala JAR (just-about-right) de 3 puntos. Se evaluaron las características físicas, químicas y nutricionales de los laminados elaborados bajo la formulación seleccionada sensorialmente. La aceptabilidad varió entre 6,6 y 7,2, donde los laminados elaborados con 1,0 g de inulina y 1,0 g de lactato de calcio/100g de pulpa representaron la mejor opción. El producto presentó bajo dulzor, alta acidez y alta dureza al morder, sin embargo, ninguno de los atributos causó desagrado. Los laminados de guayaba aportan calcio y fibra dietaria a la ingesta diaria y representan una opción innovadora con potencial de alimento funcional, útil para diversificar y motivar el consumo de frutas y derivados(AU)

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) laminates enriched with inulin and calcium. Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a fruit of great acceptance that can be used as vehicle of nutrients and bioactive components, attractive qualities for making products with health benefits. Therefore, guava laminates enriched with inulin and calcium were developed. To elaborate the laminates a puree was prepared with guava pulp, sucrose and fructose in proportion 85:10:5, inulin, calcium lactate and citric acid solution (30%) was added and it was subjected to drying in a tray dehydrator at 60 °C. Four formulations were developed varying the proportions of inulin and calcium lactate. The overall acceptability of laminates was evaluated wih a 10-cm unstructured hedonic scale (zero represented "I dislike much" five "indifferent" and ten "I like") and the acceptability of the sensory attributes sweetness, acidity, color and hardness to bite with a 3-point JAR (just-about-right) scale. Physical, chemical and nutritional characteristics of the laminates produced under the selected treatment were evaluated. Acceptability varied between 6.6 and 7.2, where laminates made with 1.0 g inulin and 1.0 g calcium lactate/ 100g pulp represented the best choice. The product presented low sweetness, high acidity and high hardness to bite, however, none of the attributes caused displeasure. Guava laminates provide calcium and dietary fiber daily intake and represent an innovative option with potential functional food, useful to diversify and encourage consumption of fruits and derivatives(AU)

Chocolate Milk with Chia Oil: Ideal Sweetness, Sweeteners Equivalence, and Dynamic Sensory Evaluation Using a Time-Intensity Methodology.

The ideal sucrose concentration and equivalent concentrations of the stevia, sucralose, aspartame, and neotame in chocolate milk with chia oil as well as the dynamic behavior of certain sensory attributes were investigated using a time-intensity methodology. The use of just-about-right (JAR) identified an ideal sucrose concentration of 9% (w/w). In addition, the magnitude estimation method showed that stevia had the lowest sweetness power whereas neotame presented the highest. Furthermore, the time-intensity analysis indicated that there was no significant change between the maximum intensities of the sweetness for any evaluated sweeteners. In general, the desired sensory profile and some economic considerations are decisive on the choice of which sweetener is better to be used in chocolate milk formulation added with chia oil.

Determinação da doçura ideal em néctar de mamão adicionado de açúcar / Determination of ideal sweetness in nectar of papaya with sugar

O mamão é um fruto cuja polpa possui características sensoriais, químicas e digestivas atrativas, apresentando alta produção no país. Apesar disso, o néctar desse fruto é pouco difundido no mercado. Assim, o presente trabalho objetivou elaborar néctares de mamão com diferentes teores de açúcar, visando a adequar a doçura ideal em açúcar para esse produto. Foram elaboradas quatro formulações de néctar de mamão, com as mesmas proporções de polpa e água, e com concentrações de açúcar a 6, 8, 10 e 12%. Cem julgadores não treinados participaram do teste afetivo de aceitação por meio da escala do ideal com nove categorias, variando de "extremamente menos doce que o ideal" a "extremamente mais doce que o ideal". Houve um aumento no percentual para a categoria "doçura ideal", conforme aumento da concentração de açúcar de 6 para 12%. Foi verificada também uma predominância na frequência de respostas para as categorias "menos doce que o ideal", para o néctar com 6% de açúcar, e para as categorias "mais doce que o ideal", para o néctar com 12% de açúcar. Para a obtenção de um néctar de mamão com "doçura ideal", a concentração de açúcar deve ser de 10,4%.

Papaya is a fruit whose pulp has attractive sensory, chemical and digestive characteristics, with high production in the country. Nevertheless, the nectar of this fruit is not widespread in the market. Thus, this study aimed to develop nectars of papaya with different sugar contents to adjust the sweetness to sugar ideal for this product. Four formulations of nectar of papaya were prepared with the same proportions of pulp and water, and sugar concentrations at 6, 8, 10 and 12%. One hundred untrained panelists participated to the affective test of acceptance by the just-about-right scale with nine categories, ranging from "extremely less sweet than ideal" to "extremely sweeter than ideal". There was an increase in the percentage for the "ideal sweetness" as sugar concentration increased from 6 to 12%. There was also verified a predominance in the frequency of responses for the categories "less sweet than ideal" to nectar of papaya with 6% sugar and for the categories "sweeter than ideal" to nectar of papaya with 12% sugar. The sugar concentration must be 10.4% to obtain nectar papaya with "ideal sweetness".

Determinação da doçura ideal em néctar de mamão adicionado de açúcar / Determination of ideal sweetness in nectar of papaya with sugar

O mamão é um fruto cuja polpa possui características sensoriais, químicas e digestivas atrativas, apresentando alta produção no país. Apesar disso, o néctar desse fruto é pouco difundido no mercado. Assim, o presente trabalho objetivou elaborar néctares de mamão com diferentes teores de açúcar, visando a adequar a doçura ideal em açúcar para esse produto. Foram elaboradas quatro formulações de néctar de mamão, com as mesmas proporções de polpa e água, e com concentrações de açúcar a 6, 8, 10 e 12%. Cem julgadores não treinados participaram do teste afetivo de aceitação por meio da escala do ideal com nove categorias, variando de "extremamente menos doce que o ideal" a "extremamente mais doce que o ideal". Houve um aumento no percentual para a categoria "doçura ideal", conforme aumento da concentração de açúcar de 6 para 12%. Foi verificada também uma predominância na frequência de respostas para as categorias "menos doce que o ideal", para o néctar com 6% de açúcar, e para as categorias "mais doce que o ideal", para o néctar com 12% de açúcar. Para a obtenção de um néctar de mamão com "doçura ideal", a concentração de açúcar deve ser de 10,4%.(AU)

Papaya is a fruit whose pulp has attractive sensory, chemical and digestive characteristics, with high production in the country. Nevertheless, the nectar of this fruit is not widespread in the market. Thus, this study aimed to develop nectars of papaya with different sugar contents to adjust the sweetness to sugar ideal for this product. Four formulations of nectar of papaya were prepared with the same proportions of pulp and water, and sugar concentrations at 6, 8, 10 and 12%. One hundred untrained panelists participated to the affective test of acceptance by the just-about-right scale with nine categories, ranging from "extremely less sweet than ideal" to "extremely sweeter than ideal". There was an increase in the percentage for the "ideal sweetness" as sugar concentration increased from 6 to 12%. There was also verified a predominance in the frequency of responses for the categories "less sweet than ideal" to nectar of papaya with 6% sugar and for the categories "sweeter than ideal" to nectar of papaya with 12% sugar. The sugar concentration must be 10.4% to obtain nectar papaya with "ideal sweetness".(AU)