Trilobal Methods for Composite Reduction Labiaplasty.

BACKGROUND: It is difficult to plan a simple and effective surgical strategy for patients with horizontal and vertical redundant tissue of the labia minora and clitoral hood redundancy. A single edge resection or wedge resection labiaplasty with clitoral hood reduction that simultaneously resolves these three issues has yet to be reported. This study investigated the clinical effects and safety of trilobal labiaplasty via a composite incision. METHODS: The single-center, retrospective, observational study included data from patients with hypertrophy of the labia minora and clitoral hood who underwent trilobal labiaplasty. RESULTS: Altogether, 136 patients (average age: 31.6 ± 8.82 years; range: 21-53 years; 224 sides) sought surgery for aesthetic (39/136, 28.7%), functional (17/136, 12.5%), or both reasons (80/136, 58.8%). Overall, 134 patients (134/136, 98.5%) were followed up for 3 months. No serious complications or malformations occurred. Three patients (2.2%) underwent secondary repair surgery due to incomplete bilateral symmetry, 122 (91.0%) scored ≥ 21 points on the Female Genital Self-Image Scale, 107 (91.5%) were satisfied with the cosmetic outcomes, and 93 (95.9%) were satisfied with the functional improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Trilobal labiaplasty performed via a composite incision using edge and wedge labiaplasty to adjust horizontal and vertical hypertrophy of the labia minora and remove lateral folds of the clitoris is a safe and effective method to improve the appearance and rearrange the position of the clitoral hood and clitoral frenulum while preserving the fine structure of the surrounding tissue. This method results in few complications and high functional and aesthetic satisfaction rates. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Cirugía íntima femenina: nuestro enfoque actual / Female genitalia surgery: our current approach

Introducción y objetivo: La correcta identificación de las alteraciones estéticas de los genitales externos femeninos, junto a la planificación y realización de técnicas quirúrgicas simultáneas, son esenciales para lograr los mejores resultados. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar nuestra experiencia en cirugía íntima femenina combinando diferentes técnicas quirúrgicas para tratar simultáneamente las distintas alteraciones estéticas de los genitales externos. Como objetivo secundario, analizamos en la bibliografía las ventajas y desventajas de las diferentes técnicas quirúrgicas de reducción de labios menores en comparación con nuestra técnica de elección. Material y método: Desde abril de 2010 hasta abril de 2021, realizamos cirugías de la región genital por razones estéticas y funcionales a 213 pacientes. De ese total, a 114 (54%) se les realizó lipoaspiración y/o pexia del monte de Venus, como única cirugía o combinada con dermolipectomía abdominal o lipoaspiración abdominal, y a 99 (46%), resección en cuña de los labios menores como único procedimiento o combinado con otros procedimientos en la región genital, como reducción de capuchón de clítoris, reducción de labios mayores o aumento de labios mayores. La edad promedio de las pacientes fue de 43 años de edad (de 14 a 67 años). Resultados:La combinación de técnicas quirúrgicas demostró un alto grado de satisfacción (95%) estética y funcional de las pacientes consultadas a los 3 meses de postoperatorio. Las complicaciones fueron hematoma bilateral (0.5%), dehiscencia de la herida y/o fístula (1.4%), dolor postquirúrgico (2.8%), resección insuficiente del la longitud de los labios. (0.5%) y discrepancia de color entre la unión de los colgajos (0.5%). Ninguna paciente presentó infección, dispareunia ni cicatrices patológicas. (AU)

Background and objective: Correct diagnosis of the external aesthetic female genital alterations, besides planning and achieve simultaneous surgical techniques, are essential to reach the best results. The aim of this study was to present our experience in aesthetic female genitalia surgery, performing more than one procedure during the same surgical time to simultaneously treat different aesthetic genitalia disorders. Our secondary goal was to analyze in the literature the advantages and disadvantages of the different surgical techniques in labia minora reduction in comparison with our current technique. Methods: Genital rejuvenation surgeries were performed in 213 patients for aesthetic and functional reasons, from April 2010 to April 2021. Of this total number of patients, 114 (54%) had mons pubis reduction by liposuction and skin resection, as the unique surgery or in combination with abdominoplasty or abdominal liposuction, and in 99 patients (46%) labia minora wedge reduction were performed, alone or in combination with other procedures of the genital region, such as clitoral hood reduction, labia majora reduction, or labia majora augmentation. The mean age was 43-years-old (range, 14 - 67). Results: The combination of surgical techniques showed a high level of satisfaction (95%) at 3 months follow-up. Complications were bilateral hematoma (0.5%), wound dehiscence and/or fistula (1.4%), postsurgical pain (2.8%), insufficient resection of the length of the labia (0.5%) and the color discrepancy between the flaps (0.5%). No patient presented infection, dyspareunia or pathological scars. Conclusions: The correct diagnosis, considering all aesthetic aspects of the external genitalia, is essential to develop an appropriate surgical plan and carry out a simultaneous surgical approach and obtain the desired aesthetic result. The central wedge resection is our choice technique for the labia minora resection since it has a low rate of complications. (AU)

Personalized surgical effect of labia minora hypertrophy / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To explore an optimal surgical approach for different types of labia minora hypertrophy and to design a better personalized surgical treatment plan for patients.Methods:From October 2017 to October 2020, 71 patients with labia minora hypertrophy were treated in the plastic surgery department of Sichuan Provincial People＇s Hospital, aged 18-38 years, with an average of 26 years. According to the type and degree of hypertrophy, the appropriate surgical method was selected. The wound healing and complications were observed after operation, and the shape of labia minora was followed up.Results:Among the 71 patients, 1 patient had postoperative hematoma and no flap necrosis after active treatment. 1 patient had poor healing of distal labia minora incision and improved after dressing change. The other patients had good blood supply of labia minora, no necrosis, no postoperative infection, hematoma and other complications. The patients were followed up for 1-6 months. The appearance of labia minora was natural, bilateral symmetry, and the incision scar was hidden. The improvement was significant compared with that before operation. The patients were satisfied with the shape and function.Conclusions:According to the degree of hypertrophy of the labia minora, the specific shape and the psychological expectation of patients, we can choose the appropriate operation method, which can achieve the aesthetic standard of symmetry and beautiful shape of the labia minora, and meet the normal physiological function and aesthetic requirements of patients.

Individualized Surgical Treatment of Different Types of Labia Minora Hypertrophy.

Objective To explore an optimal surgical approach for different types of labia minora hypertrophy and to design a better personalized surgical treatment plan for patients. Methods Forty-five patients with labia minora treated in our department from January 2014 to January 2019 were the study participants. Depending upon the appearance of the labia minora, they were divided into length labia minora hypertrophy, width labia minora hypertrophy, overall labia minora hypertrophy, and labia hypertrophy combined with clitoris foreskin. By combining the characteristics of the patient's labia minora hypertrophy and the aesthetic requirements for postoperative appearance, we designed a personalized treatment plan for each group of patients. The surgical approaches include upper pedicle flap wedge resection, upper and lower pedicle flap similar to wedge resection, lower pedicle flap pedicle wedge resection, and labia minora combined with clitoris foreskin surgery. We followed up the postoperative results, recovery, and complication rates for a period of 3 months. Results All patients who underwent surgery had good wound healing. The labia minora had good bilateral symmetry, moderate size, and desired appearance. The scar of the surgical incision was also not obvious. The postoperative labia minora felt normal without any serious complications. Overall, the treatment effect was satisfactory. Conclusion There are many surgical methods for the reduction in the labia minora. Our findings suggest that in order to achieve better results, a personalized surgical plan should be designed considering the patient's unique type of hypertrophy and the individual aesthetic requirements. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

[Labiaplasty: Motivations and post-surgery satisfaction]. / Nymphoplastie : motivations et satisfaction postopératoire.

OBJECTIVES: In France, the number of labiaplasty increased by 57% between 2008 and 2016. To date, only one prospective study with low-power evaluated postoperative satisfaction has been performed. This observational prospective study aims to evaluate the motives and post-surgery satisfaction of patients who had a labiaplasty. METHODS: This observational prospective study include all patients over 18 years old operate at the hospital of Angers during an 18-month period. The exclusion criterion was a positive screening test to the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire. Patients were interviewed by a written questionnaire on the day of the surgery and by phone 3 and 6 months after the surgery. RESULTS: A total of thirty patients were included in the study, with an average age of 31.5 (± 10.58). Twenty-three patients answered 3 months after and 19 answered 6 months after. Eighteen patients (95%) expressed satisfaction at 6 months and 16 (84%) "extremely" satisfied. Functional discomfort improved in 18 patients (94%) at 6 months. Eighty-four percent have felt an improvement regarding esthetical discomfort. All patients would recommend the surgery. The main motive was the discomfort when getting dressed for 27 patients (90%). CONCLUSION: The patients expressed a real functional discomfort and are mostly very satisfied with their surgery at 3 and 6 months after.

The same-stage reduction plasty for labia minora hypertrophy with redundant praeputium clitoridis / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of reduction plasty for labia minora hy-pertrophy with redundant praeputium clitoridis .Methods A total of 84 cases were included from June 2013 to December 2016 .Arc-shaped resection of labia minora and crescent resection of redundant pra-eputium clitoridis were the two essntial surgical procedure ,and 5-0 VICRYL Rapide was used for su-turing the incision .Results The 84 cases were operated with this mothod with satisfactory aesthetic result .Complications ,such as hematoma ,infection and poor wound healing ,were not observed .Ede-ma was resoluted after one to two weeks .After the reduction plasty of the labial labia ,the vagina and perineum were completely covered in the natural state ,without scar ,also the sensitivity of clitoris was improved due to the better expoure post-operationally .Conclusions The same-stage reduction plasty for labia minora hypertrophy with redundant praeputium clitoridis is a reliable and effective method . Both satisfactory aesthetic result and improved sexual sensitivity are achived ,without hematoma ,in-fection and poor wound healing .

Evaluation of sexual function in women with labia minora hypertrophy: A preliminary study.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the sexual functions in women with labia minora hypertrophy and age-matched healthy controls. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 43 patients with labia minora hypertrophy and 30 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the present study. The sexual functions of the women were evaluated by using the index of female sexual function (IFSF). RESULTS: Mean ages of the patients and controls were 30.06±7.11 and 31.34±4.12 (p=0.41), respectively. Mean total IFSF scores of the patients and controls were 24.18±3.24 and 27.53±4.43 (p<0.05), respectively. The subscale scores of IFSF-lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction and pain in the patient group were significantly lower than in the control group (respectively, p<0.001, p<0.05, p<0.001 and p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between IFSF-arousal scores of the patient and control groups (p=0.30). The mean IFSF-desire scores of the patient group was higher than the controls (p<0.001). Labia minora hypertrophy was significantly associated with female sexual dysfunction (odds ratio [OR]=14.97, 95% confidence interval [Cl]=[3.66-61.21], p<0.001). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that patients with labia minora hypertrophy have poorer lubrication, satisfaction, pain, and orgasm scores on the IFSF scale compared to age-matched healthy controls.

Carbon Dioxide with a New Pulse Profile and Shape: A Perfect Tool to Perform Labiaplasty for Functional and Cosmetic Purpose.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the benefits and safety of using Carbon Dioxide Laser in multi-pulse modalities when performing labiaplasty and anatomical variants approach for functional and cosmetic indications. DESIGN: This is a prospective, descriptive case series study. SETTING: Private Practice Quirofano Calculaser Megacentro Pinares Pereira Colombia. POPULATION: One Hundred and twelve women seeking labia minora labiaplasty for functional and cosmetic reasons were enrolled in the study protocol from June 2013 to June 2016. Labia minora labioplasty and anatomical variants approach were performed with Carbon Dioxide laser Multi-pulse modalities DEKA M.EL.A Florence Italy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Good Cosmetic results, functional and sexuality improvement. RESULTS: Dramatic changes in the VAS and VSQ were detected after the surgical procedure. All the participants reported a high degree of satisfaction, felt more confident with their partners during sexual encounters, and the procedure was well tolerated. CONCLUSION: Laser Carbon Dioxide Laser with a new pulse profile and shape seems to be a safe and precise surgical tool to perform this type of procedures, optimal biophysical and bio stimulative laser-tissue interactions allow delicate vulvar tissues to shorten downtime.

SURGICAL CORRECTION OF LABIA MINORA HYPERTROPHY, A PERSONAL TECHNIQUE.

BACKGROUND: Labia minora hypertrophy is a congenital or acquired condition in which both labia minora (or more rarely only one) protrude beyond the edge of the labia majora. The authors present a surgical technique of volumetric reduction of hypertrophic labia minora, associated with lipofilling of the labia majora. METHODS: Between 2005 and 2014, 27 patients underwent surgical reduction of labia minora, as described by Altier and Rouzier. The indications for surgical treatment varied and were as follows: interference with sexual intercourse; poor hygiene; difficulty wearing tight-fitting pants; difficulty while performing sporting activities such as cycling; aesthetic complaints. The surgical resection was associated with fat graft injection in labia majora in order to protect and cover the labia minora. The mean follow up was 1 year. RESULTS: The labia majora, increased in volume and firmness, cover and protect the labia minora slightly hypertrophic or surgically reduced. All patients reported an improvement in comfort, aesthetic appearance, when wearing close-fitting clothes and an improvement in their sexuality. In one case we recorded a "recurrence", with an increase of dimensions in width of labia minora, still lower than the preoperative situation but greater than the immediate postop. CONCLUSIONS: The reduction of labia minora hypertrophy with conservative techniques allows achieving excellent results in terms of aesthetics and functionality. The simple lipofilling of labia majora allows preserving and protecting the labia minora through a volumetric increase of the labia majora.

Premenarchal labia minora hypertrophy.

Labia minora hypertrophy is a relatively uncommon surgical entity being popularised in the realm of vulvovaginal plastic surgeries. Apart from the unaesthetic appearance of the hypertrophied minora, these cases are also associated with itching, hygiene problem, pain while sitting down, sports activities, difficulty in wearing tight clothing, bleeding and discomfort while or after sexual intercourse, social embarrassment, insecurity and psychological diminution of confidence and self-esteem. In a country like India, due to sociocultural reasons, patients hesitate to consult a doctor for such deformities. Most of the patients suffer in silence for years. Although common in the west, very few surgeons in the country perform this simple and rewarding surgery. Here, we are presenting a case of premenarchal juvenile labia minora hypertrophy (JLMH) in an 8-year-old child. Labial hypertrophy in this age group is uncommon. We were unable to find hypertrophy of labia minora in the eight-year-old child on English literature search.

Labioplastía genital, experiencia y resultados en 500 casos consecutivos / Genital labiaplasty, experience and results in 500 consecutive cases

ANTECEDENTES: La cosmetoginecología se ha instalado, no exenta de controversia, en la práctica ginecológica durante la última década. OBJETIVO: Presentar los resultados obtenidos en una serie de 500 labioplas-tías de labios menores realizadas por dos cirujanos en el curso de 10 años. MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo del universo de labiobioplastías practicadas por dos cirujanos entre octubre de 2003 y abril de 2014. La decisión de intervención quirúrgica se basó en razones estéticas, funcionales y psicológicas, y no por una clasificación de hipertrofia de labios menores. RESULTADOS: Aproximadamente la mitad se realizó utilizando láser y la otra mitad electrobisturí, sin ventajas de alguna técnica sobre la otra, en cuanto a complicaciones, grado de satisfacción y resultado final estético. Las indicaciones fueron: estética en 95,4% de las intervenciones, funcional en 37,2% y psicológicas en 17,4%. Los resultados fueron satisfactorios en el 99% de las pacientes, según un autoreporte. No hubo complicaciones importantes y sólo en dos casos se presentó hemorragia post operatoria que requirió una sutura. El procedimiento, cuando fue único, fue ambulatorio, requiriendo no más de 8 horas de hospitalización. En esta experiencia, el 46% se asoció a otra cirugía ginecológica. CONCLUSIÓN: A nuestro parecer, la hipertrofia de labios menores, aún cuando pueda considerarse subjetiva, es una condición que merece ser corregida cuando es requerido por la paciente y que las técnicas actuales ofrecen resultados seguros y satisfactorios.

BACKGROUND: Cosmetogynecology is installed, not without controversy, in gynecological practice in the last decade. Aims: We present a descriptive study of 500 labia minora labiaplasty performed by two surgeons in the course of 10 years. METHOD: A descriptive study of the universe of labiobioplastys performed by two surgeons between October 2003 and April 2014. The decision for surgery was based on aesthetic, functional and psychological reasons and not on a classification of labia minora hypertrophy. RESULTS: Approximately, half was performed using laser, and electrocautery the other half, without any technical advantages over the other, in terms of complications, satisfaction and aesthetic final outcome. Indications for surgery were: in 95.4% of interventions, functional in 37.2% and 17.4% psychological. The results were satisfactory in 99% of patients, according to a self-report. There were no major complications and only two cases presented postoperative bleeding that required stitches. The procedure was ambulatory when it was unique, requiring no more than 8 hours of hospitalization. In this experience, 46% was associated with another gynecological surgery. CONCLUSION: In our view, the labia minora hypertrophy, even though it may be considered subjective, is a condition that should be corrected as required by the patient and the current techniques provide safe and satisfactory results.

[Reproductive health care for women with spina bifida]. / Suivi gynécologique des patientes atteintes d'un spina bifida.

OBJECTIVES: Few studies have focused on reproductive health care for women with spina bifida. This subject is rarely discussed, whether in patient groups or in the medical community. However, these patients need advice and a care that is appropriate to their condition. METHODS: In association with the spina bifida reference center of the University Hospital of Rennes, we have conducted a four-year retrospective, observational study. Its aim was to analyze the characteristics of the patients' gynecological care and to adapt our practice to their needs. RESULTS: Forty-eight patients were included. We demonstrated an increased risk of precocious puberty, labia minora hypertrophy and genital prolapse. CONCLUSION: Some specific characteristics of the reproductive health care of patients with spina bifida are interesting to know. A study on a larger series of patients is needed to further analyze the obstetric, gynecological and sexological issues of these women.