Anterior enterocele immediately after cystectomy: A case report.

An enterocele is a peritoneal herniation through or into the vagina, typically as a posterior enterocele, which develops in the rectovaginal space (pouch of Douglas or cul-de-sac). An anterior enterocele in the vesicovaginal space is a rare condition, but a possible complication after cystectomy or hysterectomy. Herein, we report a rare case of anterior enterocele after cystectomy, which required semi-urgent intervention. The patient was a 78-year-old woman (gravida 2, para 2) who underwent laparoscopic radical cystectomy for bladder carcinoma 3 months earlier. Vaginal examination showed a large stage-3 anterior enterocele without the covering vaginal wall. A transvaginal surgery was performed to repair the vagina. Mesh and Martius flaps were needed to repair the vaginal defect. In conclusion, an anterior enterocele must be suspected when pelvic organ prolapse occurs after cystectomy, and surgical repair should be performed as soon as possible because an enterocele that lacks vaginal wall covering is at high risk of rupture.

Video and review of the surgical management of recurrent urethral diverticulum.

INTRODUCTION: Recurrent urethral diverticulum has been reported in 23% of cases after primary repair and can be difficult to manage. The aim of this video is to demonstrate a surgical technique of repairing a recurrent diverticulum in a woman who had two previous procedures, one with a Martius labial fat pad graft. METHODS: A 40-year-old woman presented with a symptomatic recurrent urethral diverticulum after two previous repairs. She underwent surgery with excision of the diverticular mucosa and multilayer urethral closure using the diverticulum wall after mobilization and then repositioning of the Martius labial fat pad interposition. RESULTS: There were no surgical complications intra- or postoperatively, and the patient had improvement of her symptoms postoperatively with resolution of the diverticulum on ultrasound. CONCLUSIONS: Mobilizing and repositioning a Martius labial fat pad is a feasible technique for complex recurrent urethral diverticulum repairs. The graft alone without meticulous urethral repair will not prevent diverticulum recurrence, fistula formation or stress urinary incontinence. This procedure requires experienced surgeons to minimize surgical complications and optimize outcome.

The Effects of a Pubovaginal Sling Procedure, with Martius Labial Fat Pad Interposition, after a Female Urethral Diverticulectomy / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: We evaluated the effects of a pubovaginal sling (PVS), with a Martius labial fat pad interposition (MLFI), on patients with a female urethral diverticulum. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 23 consecutive cases with a female urethral diverticulum were retrospectively reviewed. The pre-operative evaluations included the history, physical examination, voiding cystourethrogram, cystoscopy, transperineal ultrasound and urodynamic studies to investigate the urethral function and the concomitant stress urinary incontinence. The treatment consisted of a transvaginal diverticulectomy alone, or with a PVS only, or combined with a MLFI. RESULTS: A transvaginal diverticulectomy only was performed, using a 3-layer closure, in nine patients (39.1%) and a concomitant PVS with a diverticulectomy in eight (34.8%) with stress urinary incontinence. A MLFI, combined with the above procedure, was performed in six patients (26.1%) with large defects of the urethra following the resection of diverticulum. No women having undergone a diverticulectomy with, or without, a PVS and MLFI had an urethrovaginal fistula, recurrent diverticulum or postoperative incontinence. CONCLUSIONS: In complicated cases, a simultaneous transvaginal diverticulectomy, pubovaginal sling and Martius labial fat pad interposition can be performed safely and effectively.