"Put your personality into the call": A qualitative interview study illuminating strategies for improving men's engagement on crisis helplines.

BACKGROUND: Crisis telephone helplines are an integral part of community suicide prevention. Despite high male suicide rates, men's experiences of these services are poorly understood. The current study explored men's perspectives of their interactions with helpline counsellors to understand how their engagement on helplines can be enhanced. METHOD: Sixteen men (19-71 years) who had previously used a mental health or crisis helpline in Australia completed individual semi-structured interviews about their experiences. Data were analysed using interpretive descriptive methodologies. RESULTS: Two themes derived from the data related to how men engaged with counsellors on helpline services. First, men emphasized the importance of helpline counsellors creating and maintaining an authentic connection across the call, providing suggestions for strategies to secure connection. Second, men discussed how counsellors can facilitate outcomes through offering space for their narratives and aiding in referrals to other support services when required. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the value of crisis helplines for men's suicide prevention services while identifying target areas to improve engagement. We discuss implications for the findings including suggestions for gender-sensitive care within crisis helplines.

Homophobic beliefs and attitudes among mid-adolescent boys: exploring the ideas of hybrid masculinities.

Introduction: Homophobia is well-documented as key to social regulation of masculine behavior and practices in Western settings. Yet, empirical data from a number of Western settings has shown a decline in overt homophobic attitudes in the past decade, leading some to suggest that the nature of masculinities is also changing. However, theorizing on the changing nature of masculinities among adolescents has received limited quantitative attention. Research is needed to better understand shifts in adolescent masculinities in contemporary Western settings. Methods: In this paper, we investigate the application of one newer approach to explore masculinities in context - hybrid masculinities - in a sample of cisgender, heterosexual, mid-adolescent boys in one province in Western Canada (N = 873, mean age (SD) = 14.39 (0.37)). Data were collected from nine cohorts of grade 9 youth over a 10-year period (2013-2022) as part of the baseline survey of an ongoing evaluation of a gender-transformative healthy relationships program. Results and discussion: We hypothesized that if the ideas of hybrid masculinities held in our sample, we would find that overt homophobic attitudes and adherence to related patriarchal norms (e.g., avoidance of femininity) would decline over this period, but that the use of homophobic name-calling would remain differentiated in terms of to whom it was directed (e.g., a friend, someone they thought was gay). We did find a significant decline in homophobic attitudes and norms related to emotional restriction and avoidance of femininity over the 10-year period, but also found that homophobic name-calling remained differentiated, with significantly higher name-calling toward a friend than toward someone the youth thought was gay. Thus, our hypotheses were supported. We discuss the implications of our findings for future theory and research on understanding adolescent masculinities in context.

Cared for masculinities in nursing homes - A material perspective on the intersectionality of institutional, spacial, gendered and corporal materiality.

This paper takes the co-construction of age and gender over the course of a life as a starting point and expands this perspective by looking at the intersectional interplay of institutional, spatial, and bodily materiality in the setting of a nursing home. Nursing homes are often perceived as a female space, both socially and physically. Moreover, they are institutional spaces that are primarily oriented towards the deficits of aging and bodies in need of care so that age and aging are reproduced in a narrative of decline, and gender hardly has space to be constructed. This interweaving of institutional spaces, bodies in need of care, and gender poses the question: How are age and gender produced through the space(s) of the nursing home and its materiality, and vice versa? On this basis, the influence on the construction of masculinities in the context of materialism is discussed. This paper draws on two case studies, Walter Probst (age 93) and Günther Schiffke (age 78), based on biographical interviews, to focus on the perspective of very old men in need of care and work out the interplay between the material nature of the institutional space and the body in need of care. It will be shown how closely the performance of age, gender, and masculinities is determined by spatial materiality in the nursing home and the increasing dependence of bodies in need of care, as well as how these bodies produce the spaces in turn. On the basis of the case studies, three aspects of materiality of care home spaces are highlighted. The first aspect of this materiality shows how the body can be increasingly perceived and treated as a material object. The second aspect is defined by the body situated in space, and its relationship to objects and aids. As a third aspect, the possibilities of interacting in communal and private spaces of the nursing home are explored. The article thus contributes to linking the (re-) construction of biographic narratives more strongly to spatial materiality and to embedding the construction and performance of age and gender in spatial and institutional structures, thus demonstrating that spaces and environments shape age, gender, and masculinities in a reciprocal way.

Fatherhood and Elite Athletics: Sacrifice, Selfishness, and Gaining "Dad Strength".

This study contributes to a growing body of scholarly discussions around the many aspects and challenges of combining parenthood with elite-level sport, with a particular focus on the experiences of male elite athletes who are fathers. We used a caring masculinities theoretical framework, community-based participatory research, and semi-structured interviews to explore the experiences of 10 elite/international and world-class athletes (n = 9 fathers, n = 1 expectant father). Through reflexive thematic analysis, we identified three main themes: fatherhood can (1) improve and (2) impede elite athlete-fathers' athletic performance; and (3) athlete-fathers experience a trade-off between athletic performance and fatherhood responsibilities. Our findings underscore the ways in which male athletes' experiences with parenthood reflect the new era of involved fatherhood and are analogous to some of the identity tensions that have been reported with regard to the experiences of elite female athletes who are pregnant and/or mothers. Recognizing the impact of children on male athletes' athletic careers and the parallels between fatherhood, motherhood, and elite sport may lead to better support for athlete-fathers while also contributing to diminishing the expectation that women are primary caregivers to children.

'That Sounds to Me Like You Are Making This Too Complicated ': Reflections on a Social Media Recruitment Effort for a Study on Masculinities and Contraception.

This reflection focuses on the methodological and ethical challenges encountered during the recruitment stage in a focus group and interview study that sought to investigate how men (co-)construct (their) masculinity in the context of contraception and family planning. We critically engage with the comments sections of our social media recruitment announcements and draw lessons in regard to (i) the 'correct' and socially acceptable terminology when trying to recruit men in an inclusive manner and (ii) the feasibility of our method more generally. We asked what we may learn about ourselves, our specific research project, and the conduct of research more generally when we view the ethical challenges arising during the recruitment stage as an integral part of reflexive research ethics.

Descortinando Estudos em Masculinidades: uma análise sobre o catálogo de teses e dissertações da Fundação Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Unveiling Studies in Masculinities: an analysis of the theses and dissertations catalog of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel Foundation / Découvrant des Études sur les Masculinités: analyse du catalogue de thèses et de mémoires de la Fondation Coordination pour l'Amélioration du Personnel de l'Enseignement Supérieur / Revelando Estudios sobre Masculinidades: un análisis del catálogo de tesis de la Fundación Coordinación para el Perfeccionamiento del Personal de Educación Superior

A Psicologia como campo de saber é chamada para compreender processos de invisibilização e subalternização de experiências, tais como o processo de masculinização de homens. A partir da análise de pesquisas em masculinidade(s) e sobre homens realizadas pelos programas de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia no Brasil disponíveis no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Fundação Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, compreendemos a importância de se introduzir critérios socioculturais como filtros em catálogos de indexação de pesquisas. Essa estratégia possibilita entender quem tem pesquisado sobre determinado campo teórico e dialogar de maneira mais afinado com as(os) interlocutoras(es) em uma pesquisa, auxiliando na promoção da inserção social, critério de avaliação estabelecido por essa fundação

Psychology as a field of knowledge is called upon to understand processes of invisibilization and subalternization of experiences, such as the process of masculinization of men. Based on an analysis of research into masculinity(ies) and men carried out by Postgraduate Programs in Psychology in Brazil, available in the Theses and Dissertations Catalog of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) Foundation, we understood the importance of introducing sociocultural criteria as filters in search indexing catalogs. This strategy makes it possible to understand who has been researching a given theoretical field and to engage in a more attuned dialogue with the interlocutor(s) in a piece of research, helping to promote social inclusion, an evaluation criterion established by CAPES

La Psicología como campo de conocimiento se utiliza para comprender los procesos de invisibilidad y subordinación de experiencias, como el proceso de masculinización de los hombres. A partir del análisis de estudios sobre masculinidad(es) y sobre hombres realizados por los Programas de Posgrado en Psicología en Brasil, disponibles en el Catálogo de Tesis de la Coordinación para el Perfeccionamiento del Personal de Educación Superior, entendemos la importancia de introducir criterios culturales, como filtros en los catálogos de indexación de búsqueda. Esta estrategia permite comprender a quienes vienen investigando sobre un determinado campo teórico y dialogar más de cerca con el(los) interlocutor(es) en una investigación, contribuyendo a promover la inclusión social, criterio de evaluación establecido por esta entidad

La Psicología como campo de conocimiento se utiliza para comprender los procesos de invisibilidad y subordinación de experiencias, como el proceso de masculinización de los hombres. A partir del análisis de estudios sobre masculinidad(es) y sobre hombres realizados por los Programas de Posgrado en Psicología en Brasil, disponibles en el Catálogo de Tesis de la Coordinación para el Perfeccionamiento del Personal de Educación Superior, entendemos la importancia de introducir criterios culturales, como filtros en los catálogos de indexación de búsqueda. Esta estrategia permite comprender a quienes vienen investigando sobre un determinado campo teórico y dialogar más de cerca con el(los) interlocutor(es) en una investigación, contribuyendo a promover la inclusión social, criterio de evaluación establecido por esta entidad

Entre homens: noções de masculinidades para usuários de apps de encontros eróticos / Entre hombres: conceptos de masculinidades para usuarios de aplicaciones de citas eróticas / Between men: concepts of masculinities for users of erotic dating apps

Resumo: Este artigo tem como objetivo geral compreender a produção de masculinidades para homens que se denominam "machos" em aplicativo de encontros eróticos. Partimos de referenciais teóricos que questionam o regime de poder que estrutura as compreensões de masculinidades e sexualidade, tendo por via a matriz reguladora da heteronormatividade. Quanto ao método, utilizamos a pesquisa social qualitativa na internet a partir de um aplicativo destinado a encontros eróticos entre homens para localizar e construir conhecimentos no contexto de pandemia e em região periférica/universitária da cidade de Recife/PE. Para análise, utilizamos mapas de associação de ideias, considerando a dialogia e os atravessamentos de produção de sentidos. Nossos resultados e discussões caminharam para pensar no imperativo da performance masculina normativa quanto ao corpo e ao nível relacional, bem como aos conflitos pessoais em face dos pressupostos sociais sobre masculinidades nas práticas de pegação.

Resumen: Este artículo tiene como objetivo general comprender la producción de masculinidades de los hombres que se autodenominan "machos" en una aplicación de citas eróticas. Partimos de referentes teóricos que cuestionan el régimen de poder que estructura la comprensión de las masculinidades y la sexualidad, con base en la matriz normativa de la heteronormatividad. Metodológicamente utilizamos una investigación social cualitativa en internet a partir de una aplicación diseñada para encuentros eróticos entre hombres para ubicar y construir conocimiento en el contexto de una pandemia y en una región periférica/universitaria de la ciudad de Recife/PE. Para el análisis, utilizamos mapas de asociación de ideas, considerando el diálogo y los cruces de producción de sentidos. Nuestros resultados y discusiones reflexionan sobre el imperativo del desempeño masculino normativo en términos del cuerpo y el nivel relacional, así como en los conflictos personales frente a los supuestos sociales sobre las masculinidades en el cruising.

Abstract: This article has the general aim to understand the production of masculinities for men who call themselves "macho" on erotic dating apps. We start from a theoretical framework that question the power regime that structures the understanding of masculinities and sexuality, using the regulatory matrix of heteronormativity as a basis. As for the method, we use qualitative social research on the internet from an application designed for erotic encounters between men to locate and build knowledge in the pandemic context and at a peripheral/university region of the city of Recife/PE. For analysis, we used maps of association of ideas, considering the dialogue and the crossings of meaning production. Our results and discussions led us to think about the imperative of normative masculine performance regarding the body and the relational level, as well as personal conflicts in the face of social assumptions about masculinities in practices of cruising.

Construções de masculinidades entre pessoas moradoras de rua: uma revisão de escopo / Constructions of masculinity among homeless persons: a scoping review

Resumo Nesta revisão objetivou-se investigar e sintetizar o que há na literatura científica sobre as relações entre as masculinidades e as pessoas moradoras de rua, com enfoque em relações sociais, trajetória e processo saúde-doença. Foi feita uma busca sistemática em dez bases de dados com os descritores: "Masculinities", "Hegemonic Masculinities", "Gender Identity" e "Homeless Persons", "Homeless, Roofless" e "Houseless". Obteve-se 2.459 resultados, com 25 referências finais após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, compostas em grande parte por estudos internacionais. Identificou-se seis temas-chave: Masculinidade enquanto prática performativa nas ruas, Masculinidades e relações de violência nas ruas, Masculinidades entre homens moradores de rua: percepções de liberdade e encarceramento, Paternidade dos homens moradores de rua, Estigmas e deságios no processo de busca pela masculinidade hegemônica nas ruas e Masculinidades como determinante social de saúde nas ruas. A revisão aborda as influências das masculinidades entre a População Moradora de Rua (PMR), destacando sua transversalidade nas vivências e atitudes do grupo, e explora a relação entre masculinidades e violência, os desafios na paternidade e os estigmas ligados à condição de vida nas ruas e impactos na saúde. Conclui-se que as normas sociais relacionadas ao masculino atuam como uma forma de se adaptar as vidas nas ruas, mas influenciam negativamente no processo saúde-doença da PMR, em especial dos homens.

Abstract This study aimed to investigate and synthesize the scientific literature regarding the relationships between masculinities and individuals experiencing homelessness by focusing on social relationships, life trajectories, and the health-disease process. A systematic search was conducted in 10 databases using the following descriptors: "Masculinities," "Hegemonic Masculinities," "Gender Identity," "Homeless Persons," "Homeless, Roofless," and "Houseless." In total, 2459 results were retrieved. Overall, 25 studies remained after the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, most of which were international studies. This study identified six key themes: 1) Masculinity as a performative practice on the streets, 2) Masculinities and relationships of violence on the streets, 3) Masculinities among men experiencing homelessness: perceptions of freedom and imprisonment, 4) Fatherhood among men experiencing homelessness, 5) Stigmas and challenges in the pursuit of hegemonic masculinity on the streets, and 6) Masculinities as a social determinant of health on the streets. This review addresses the influences of masculinities on individuals experiencing homelessness, emphasizing the cross-cutting nature of these ideals in the experiences and attitudes of this group. It explores the relationship between masculinities and violence, as well as addressing challenges in fatherhood. It highlights stigmas linked to the condition of being homeless that impact health and quality of life. It is concluded that social norms related to masculinity act negatively as social determinants of health for the homeless population, especially men.

Health-Related Stigma and Challenges Faced by Men Living with Celiac Disease: A Qualitative Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune condition managed by strict adherence to a gluten-free diet. Dietary choice has gendered connotations, and men with CD may face judgment from others when following a gluten-free diet. However, little is known about health-related stigma in men with CD. OBJECTIVES: The study aim was to explore the health-related stigma and challenges faced by men with CD, and the influence of CD on their lives. METHODS: Qualitative semistructured online interviews were conducted with men living with CD. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty adults (aged 18 years or older) identifying as men living in the United Kingdom, with self-reported CD, were recruited using social media and opportunistic sampling. STATISTICAL ANALYSES: Participants provided rich, detailed discussions about aspects of their experience of living with CD. Reflexive thematic analysis was used, with a critical-realist lens that enabled researchers to connect men's experiences within wider sociocultural constructs such as masculinity and social identity. RESULTS: Three themes were identified: CD threatens social inclusion; others' assumptions about CD and microaggressions have a psychological influence, and masculine norms, health-related stigma, and power dynamics influence men's health behaviors and everyday experience. Health-related stigma was found to be interconnected with these men's gendered social environment, suggesting that may be an important social and structural determinant of dietary, health-related, and health support-seeking behaviors in men diagnosed with CD. CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to prior assumptions, health-related stigma influences men with CD of all ages, particularly in social settings. The study unveils the complex interplay of individual beliefs, social norms, and power dynamics, in particular with other men, that influence individual beliefs and emphasize the performative aspect of food consumption. Internalized stigma and microaggressions influence men's well-being. To better support men with CD, health providers, charitable organizations, and the food industry should address the social influence of adherence to a gluten-free diet, in particular perceived threats to social status and inclusion, which may cause concern, influence food choice, and influence dietary adherence.

La influencia del consumo de pornografía en la construcción de la sexualidad masculina de jóvenes chilenos / The influence of pornography consumption on the construction of male sexuality in young chilean men

Este trabajo está orientado a conocerla influencia que ejerce la pornografía en la construcción de la sexualidad de hombres jóvenes consumidores de la ciudad de Temuco, Chile. De acuerdo con la literatura la pornografía es vista de forma mayoritaria por jóvenes varones que van desde los 12 años hasta su adultez. Esta situación influye en la socialización de los varones y en su concepción de la sexualidad que resulta ser problemática como consecuencia de este consumo. Para esto se realizó una investigación de carácter cualitativo en la cual se aplicaron diez entrevistas semiestructuradas a jóvenes consumidores de 21 a 26 años y a dos expertos (en educación y en sexualidad). Los resultados apuntan a la existencia una fuerte influencia de la pornografía en la sexualidad de los jóvenes. No limitada sólo a la sexualidad, sino que además a la concepción propia de la masculinidad y su rol en las relaciones afectivos-sexuales. Finalmente, los resultados evidencian que los jóvenes reflexionan sobre los elementos negativos que han debido afrontar dadas las sustanciales diferencias que tiene la ficción con la realidad en el consumo de pornografía AU

This work is oriented to know the influence that pornography exerts in the constructionof the sexuality of young male consumers in the city of Temuco, Chile. According to the literature, pornography is viewed mostly by young men ranging from 12 years to adulthood. This situation influences the socialization of men and their conception of sexuality, which turns out to be problematic as a consequence of this consumption. For this, a qualitative investigation was carried out in which ten semi-structured interviews were applied to young consumers between the ages of 21 and 26 and to two experts (in education and in sexuality). The results point to the existence of a strong influence of pornography on the sexuality of young people. Not limited only to sexuality, but also to the own conception of masculinity and its role in affective-sexual relationships. Finally, the results show that young people reflect on the negative elements that they have had to face given the substantial differences between fiction and reality in the consumption of pornography AU

Público e privado: masculinidades e práticas de cuidados na pandemia / Public and private: masculinities and care practices in the pandemic / Público y privado: masculinidades y prácticas de cuidado en la pandemia

Frente ao cenário pandêmico de COVID-19 vivenciado por todo o mundo, fomos forçados a produzir rearranjos relacionais para lidar com as dificuldades impostas por esse momento e uma das grandes mudanças que tivemos foi a necessidade de distanciamento social para não propagação do vírus. Neste sentido, trazemos para análise as mudanças da dimensão do público para o privado de homens brasileiros, tendo como objetivo compreender como tal mudança reverberou em suas práticas de cuidado para si e para o outro. Tivemos como referencial metodológico as práticas discursivas para a análise de entrevistas realizadas com homens que participam de um grupo terapêutico virtual. Concluímos que no contexto pandêmico, estes homens tiveram que lidar com dimensões do cuidado doméstico, de filhos, do outro e de si de forma inédita, que por vezes acarretaram situações angustiantes e desafiadoras que exigiram ressignificação e novas relações com as práticas de cuidado. (AU)

Front to COVID-19 pandemic scenario experienced around the world, we were forced to produce relationshiprearrangements to deal with the difficulties imposed by this moment and one of the great changes we had was the need for social distance to avoidthe vírus spreading. Therefore, we bring to analysis the changes from the public to the private dimension of Brazilian men, aiming to understand how this change reverberated in their care practices for themselves and for the others.We had as a methodological reference the discursive practices tointerviewsanalysiscarried out with men who participate in a virtual therapeutic group. We conclude that inthe pandemic context, these men had to deal with domestic carecontextual, of children, of theother and of themselves in an unprecedented way, which sometimes led to distressing and challenging situations that required a re-signification of their forms ofcare and a change in the theme perception. (AU)

Ante el escenario de pandemia del COVID-19 vivido en todo el mundo, nos vimos obligados a producir reacomodos relacionales para hacer frentea las dificultades que impone este momento y uno de los grandes cambios que tuvimosfue la necesidad del distanciamiento social para evitar la propagación del virus. En ese sentido, traemos para el análisis los cambios de la dimensiónpública a la privadade los hombres brasileños, con el objetivo de comprender cómo ese cambio repercutióen sus prácticas de cuidado para sí y para el otro. Tuvimos como referente metodológico las prácticas discursivas para el análisis deentrevistas realizadas a hombres que participan en un grupo terapéutico virtual. Concluimos que en el contexto de la pandemia, estos hombres debieron lidiar con dimensiones del cuidado doméstico, de los niños, del otro y de sí mismos de una forma inédita,lo que en ocasiones condujo a situaciones angustiosas y desafiantes que exigieron una resignificación de sus formas. del cuidado y un cambio en la percepción del tema. (AU)

Using an Intersectional Approach to Explore the Lived Mental Health Experiences of Traveller Men Affected by Suicide in Ireland.

Rates of suicide are seven times higher among Traveller men, an Indigenous ethnic minority group in Ireland, compared with non-Traveller men. Several factors are implicated, including racism, social exclusion, discrimination, inadequate accommodation, unemployment, and lower educational attainment. Systemic and cultural barriers inhibit Traveller men from seeking support. This study addresses a gap in the literature by exploring the lived mental health experiences of Traveller men affected by suicide. Semi-structured interviews (n = 13; aged 19-50) were conducted with Traveller men affected by suicide. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic content analysis was used to analyze the data, which yielded three broad themes. Theme 1, "key determinants of Traveller men's mental health," describes the impact on Traveller men of issues relating to accommodation/homelessness, education, and unemployment, as well as frequent exposure to prejudice, discrimination, and racism. Theme 2, "contemporary Traveller masculinities," considers how Traveller masculinities were shaped by a patrilineal tradition and by historical/ongoing tensions related to their ethnicity. Theme 3, "navigating support seeking and coping with distress," encapsulates both resistant and proactive approaches used by participants to manage their mental health. The intersection of structural inequalities, internalized racism, Traveller masculinities, and strong historical associations between stigma and mental health/suicide within the Traveller community lies at the heart of the heavy burden of suicide carried by Traveller men. Findings provide a deeper understanding of the sources of distress and pathways to resilience/recovery among Traveller men affected by suicide and can inform the development of more gender- and culturally appropriate suicide prevention interventions.

"I think the best athletes use it": Masculinities and self-compassion among men varsity athletes.

We examined how men varsity athletes' embodiments of masculinities shaped their perceptions and experiences of self-compassion to manage sport-related challenges. Two semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 men varsity athletes (20 interviews total). Vignettes depiciting athletes low and high in self-compassion were used as talk elicitation tools during interviews. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis and four themes were identified from the mens' accounts. Participants utilized self-compassion as a coping strategy in sport and other life-domains to maintain well-being. Self-compassion was used to balance self-criticism to support achievement striving efforts. The experience of contrasting masculine ideologies (hegemonic and inclusive) promoted and constrained the men's implementation of self-compassion. Traditional masculine narratives created tensions for participants who at times embodied the (mis)belief that self-compassion promotes complacency in the pursuit of athletic achievement. Findings contribute to understandings of men athletes' experiences of self-compassion and masculinities in relation to sport-related challenges and performance.

Neo-traditionalist, egalitarian and progressive masculinities in men's heterosexual intimate partner relationships.

Shifts in gender roles, identities and relations since the 1980s are continuing to influence masculinities within intimate partner relationships. Forefront in men's contemporary heterosexual relationships have been calls for gender equality and gender equity as a means to promoting the mental health and well-being of partners and their families. Most previous research has focused on a pathologized role of men in relationships (e.g., intimate partner violence). Little is known about how men perceive intimate partner relationships using a strength-based perspective. The current photovoice study addressed the research question, 'What are the connections between masculinities and men's heterosexual intimate partner relationships?' to highlight young men's (19-43 years-old) experiences of, and perspectives about their intimate partner relationships. Drawing from individual Zoom interviews with 92 heterosexual, cisgender men from 14 countries, we abductively derived three masculine typologies: 1) neo-traditionalist, 2) egalitarian and 3) progressive. Twenty-two (24%) participants embodied neo-traditionalist masculinities characterized by reliance's on traditional masculine norms that assign domesticities as feminine and prize masculine breadwinner and protector roles. Half of the participants (50%, n = 46) purposefully distanced themselves from traditional masculine norms to engage egalitarian masculinities. These men idealized equal (50-50) contributions and reciprocity wherein counts were often used to evaluate each partner's relative efforts and contributions to the relationship. Progressive masculinities were evident in 26% (n = 24) of participants who focused on fairness and social justice, checking their own privilege to justly operate within the relationship, and more broadly in society. The three typologies are grounded in men's heterosexual intimate partner gender relations, and advance masculinity frameworks to guide future health-research, policy and practice. In addition, there are opportunities for men's mental health promotion by prompting readers' reflexivity to thoughtfully consider what they idealize, and where they map in relation to the masculine typologies featured in the current article.

Reconceptualising men's loneliness: An interpretivist interview study of UK-based men.

Loneliness has been extensively linked to negative physical and mental health outcomes. Often defined as a subjective emotion, the influence of sex and gender has regularly been cited as vital to understanding individuals' experiences. Despite this, little research has explored men's perspectives of loneliness using interpretivist approaches. This study addresses this by exploring how gender influences men's constructions and experiences of loneliness in an interview study with a diverse sample of 20 UK-based men. Theoretical thematic analysis led to the generation of a novel conceptualisation of loneliness comprising four interconnected themes: socially negotiated self-worth (an intersubjectively defined mental state); being positively occupied (a mental state of meaningful focus/action); social connections (vital for consistently achieving these mental states); and capacity to form social connections. A second 'layer' in the findings describes how cultural norms of masculinity impacted loneliness defined in this way. Notions of invulnerability and social comparison could render it more difficult for men to form intimate and supportive connections or seek help for loneliness. However, as they were normative, they could also promote self-worth, and facilitate social connections, despite these negative effects. Similarly, masculine roles, in particular family roles, represented a normative framework for preventing loneliness, and could be both beneficial or problematic depending on other aspects of life, identity, or needs. The study offers insight into how men negotiate loneliness within a habitus incorporating multiple and varied gendered norms, values, and structures. Policy and practice interventions could usefully consider and mitigate the risks posed by non-conformity, aim to promote mental states of self-worth and positive occupation, and work to deconstruct masculine norms and values where appropriate.

Incarcerated Young Men, Masculinity, and Trauma.

The current article is part of a unique comparative study of the experiences and adjustment of 190 incarcerated young men in both Scotland and Canada. In collecting data on the participants' lives, the authors learned of the multiple traumas and losses many of them had suffered. Many participants however seemed to adhere to a prison masculinity that may constrain help-seeking behavior. Ultimately, this article analyses the levels of trauma that exists in a population of incarcerated young men within the context and alongside of the masculine ideals they appeared to adhere to. This article advocates for gender-responsive trauma-informed care for incarcerated young men that incorporates an exploration and understanding of masculine identity and how it interacts with help-seeking and trauma recovery.

Operationalising masculinities in theories and practices of gender-transformative health interventions: a scoping review.

Gender-transformative health interventions that involve men and boys are gaining global reach, adaptability to specific geographical, population and epidemiological contexts, public endorsement, and conceptual sophistication. However, the ways in which masculinities are conceptualised and operationalised in theory and practice across these interventions remains unclear. The purpose of this scoping review is to map intervention studies that conceptually grapple with masculinities and analyse: a) how the concept of masculinities is adapted and operationalised in gender-transformative interventions, with respect to intervention population and context, b) what the relationship between the concept of masculinities and its wider theoretical embedding is, and c) on which levels transformation can be observed when working with 'masculinities'.We conducted a search in APA Psych Articles, APA PsycINFO, and CINAHL via EBSCO, MedLine, PubMed, and Web of Sciences (December 2021) looking for peer-reviewed studies on gender-transformative health interventions which engaged with masculinities conceptually. There were no restrictions regarding language, publication date, or geography. Forty-two articles were included in this review. Our abductive analysis finds that 'hegemonic masculinities' is a central concept in almost all included studies. This shows how the concept is adaptable to a range of different intervention contexts. The review further identifies five theoretical approaches, that help operationalise masculinities on an analytical level: feminist framework, affect theory, critical pedagogy, theories of social change, and ecological approaches. Lastly, this review draws out six levels on which transformation can be observed in the intervention outcomes: relational level, symbolic level, material level, affective level, cognitive-behavioural level, and community-structural level. The discussion underlines that processes and practices of (gender) transformation also require engagement with theories of transformation more widely and advocates for theoretical pluralism. Lastly, implications for practice, including preventative, ecological and community-based care models, are drawn out.

Handbooks and health interpreters: How men are assets for their pregnant partners in Senegal.

INTRODUCTION: Global health researchers often approach fatherhood initiatives from a deficit-based perspective, assuming men need sensitization, education, or correction. Senegalese men, which some global health and development organizations have determined to be uninvolved, are part of a team of prenatal and postpartum support called the "entourage" and have a very specific role to play as ad hoc health interpreters. METHODS: The findings of this article come from 12 months of ethnographic research in Dakar, Senegal in 2018. In addition to participant-observation in three maternity wards across the city, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 32 pregnant women, 27 expectant fathers, and numerous family members, midwives, physicians, and governmental and nongovernmental organization employees. Data were coded and evaluated using thematic analysis. RESULTS: In Senegal, the Handbook of Mother and Child Health is distributed in state-funded maternity wards. The Handbook outlines what pregnant women should know about pregnancy and how to appropriately engage with clinical services. Male partners of pregnant women commonly read the book for and to their pregnant partners. Men are placed in the unique position of intermediary between pregnant women and the State and as such, they learn a lot about pregnancy and childbirth, as well as prenatal and postpartum care. CONCLUSIONS: Our ethnographic insights challenge global health rhetoric that frames men as uninvolved in women and children's health and this study demonstrates that future interventions should take an asset-based approach to men's involvement. Senegalese men are uniquely positioned by gendered expectations to act as health interpreters for their pregnant partners. We conclude with specific, actionable recommendations for the Senegalese case.

Listening to stakeholders in the prevention of gender-based violence among young people in Spain: a qualitative study from the positivMasc project.

OBJECTIVE: This study seeks to deepen current knowledge of the phenomenon of gender-based violence (GVB) among young people in Spain, identifying the main challenges in terms of prevention from the perspective of key stakeholders in the field. METHODS: 23 semi-structured qualitative interviews were performed with professionals whose work involves youth and comes from different areas: social work, policy making, youth education, feminist and LGBTQ activism and anti-violence masculinities engagement (13 women and 10 men). RESULTS: Among the main challenges identified by stakeholders in relation to GBV preventive strategies in young populations there is a need to focus on transformative programmes within educational settings. The findings indicate that specific programs and interventions in this area may not be yielding the expected effectiveness. This outcome could be attributed less to a lack of resources and more to a failure to address the core issues and challenges adequately. Thus, the results underline that intervention programmes should emphasise equitable gender norms and gender relations and incorporate content on anti-violence masculinities. Finally, a pivotal aspect seen by professionals to facilitate GBV prevention is the design and development of interventions based on participatory and active approaches, close to young people's everyday situations. The results also draw attention to the need to analyse the impact of new forms of violence in greater depth, especially those that occur through information and communication technologies. CONCLUSION: Among other implications for policy and practice, the study points to the need to articulate interventions designed to work simultaneously at different levels of influence acting on people.