Protecting Parents, Idealizing the Past, Blaming Friends: Life Stories of Men Imprisoned for Violence.

Life-stories emerge from a wide variety of facts and events in individual lives and weave a selected few of these together to make meaning in the present. They are crucial for constructing identity and influence action by establishing worldviews and a persona that narrators will seek to confirm. In this study we describe three main themes in the life-stories of six incarcerated men in Argentina: a) Protecting family, especially parents; b) reconstructing an ideal past, and contrasting it with a more cynical present; and c) blaming criminal neighborhoods, friends, and girlfriends for their crimes. We discuss how these themes are intertwined, what function they fulfill, and the identities and masculinities they produce. Combining research on life-stories with narrative and psychosocial criminology the analysis reveals how life-stories of incarcerated men can be seen as attempts at countering stigma and defending a self that is under attack. The life-stories portray a believable, 'good', and multifaceted image of the self, but most importantly, create coherence and unity in otherwise chaotic lives.

Análise narrativa e investigação qualitativa em Psicologia: porquê e como fazer / Narrative analysis and qualitative research in Psychology: why and how to do it / Análisis narrativo e investigación cualitativa en Psicología: por qué y cómo hacerlo

OBJETIVO: As metodologias qualitativas têm assumido maior relevância na investigação em Psicologia, identificando-se uma grande diversidade de métodos de análise. No entanto, na sua maioria, os estudos recorrem a métodos que têm as suas raízes noutras áreas. A análise narrativa, sendo um método de investigação qualitativa que emergiu e mais diretamente se relaciona com a área da Psicologia, tende a ser menos utilizada. Verifica-se uma grande variabilidade na forma como é conceptualizada e nos procedimentos adotados. OBJETIVO: Procura-se clarificar o background teórico subjacente à análise narrativa na investigação em Psicologia e apresentar uma proposta fundamentada de como fazer análise narrativa. MÉTODO: O trabalho decorre da revisão e análise crítica da investigação e bibliográfica. RESULTADOS: A análise narrativa assenta nos princípios da Psicologia narrativa, implicando que a análise narrativa na investigação em Psicologia se situa no paradigma construcionista social. Descreve-se detalhadamente as etapas e os procedimentos a adotar para se efetuar a análise narrativa na investigação em Psicologia, bem como as estratégias de validação. CONCLUSÃO: Há que começar a privilegiar a análise narrativa como método de investigação qualitativa em Psicologia, sendo necessário que os investigadores adotem procedimentos comuns assentes nos princípios da Psicologia narrativa.

OBJECTIVE: Qualitative methodologies have assumed greater relevance in the research in Psychology, identifying a great diversity of analysis methods. However, most studies use methods that have their roots in other areas. Narrative analysis, as a qualitative research method that emerged and is directly related to the area of Psychology, tends to be less used. There is great variability in the way it is conceptualized and, in the procedures, adopted. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the theoretical background underlying narrative analysis in Psychology research and to present a reasoned proposal on how to carry out a narrative analysis. METHOD: The work stems from the review and critical analysis of research and literature. RESULTS: Narrative analysis is based on the principles of narrative Psychology, implying that narrative analysis in psychological research is rooted in the social constructionist paradigm. The steps and procedures to be adopted to carry out narrative analysis in research in Psychology are described in detail, as well as the validation strategies. CONCLUSION: The need to start privileging narrative analysis as a method of qualitative research in Psychology is growing, requiring researchers to adopt common procedures based on the principles of narrative Psychology.

OBJETIVO: Las metodologías cualitativas han tomado mayor relevancia en la investigación en Psicología, identificándose una gran diversidad de métodos de análisis. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los estudios utilizan métodos que tienen sus raíces en otras áreas. El análisis narrativo, al ser un método de investigación cualitativo que surgió y se relaciona más directamente con el área de la Psicología, tiende a ser menos utilizado. Existe una gran variabilidad en la forma en que se conceptualiza y en los procedimientos adoptados. OBJETIVO: Busca esclarecer los antecedentes teóricos que subyacen al análisis narrativo en la investigación en Psicología y presentar una propuesta razonada sobre cómo llevar a cabo el análisis narrativo. MÉTODO: El trabajo surge de la revisión y análisis crítico de investigaciones y literatura. RESULTADOS: El análisis narrativo se basa en los principios de la Psicología narrativa, lo que implica que el análisis narrativo en la investigación psicológica se sitúa en el paradigma construccionista social. Se describen en detalle los pasos y procedimientos a adoptar para realizar el análisis narrativo en la investigación en Psicología, así como las estrategias de validación. CONCLUSIÓN: Es necesario comenzar a privilegiar el análisis narrativo como método de investigación cualitativa en Psicología, exigiendo a los investigadores adoptar procedimientos comunes basados en los principios de la Psicología narrativa.

Trajectories of HIV management among virally suppressed and unsuppressed female sex workers in the Dominican Republic: A comparative qualitative analysis.

PURPOSE: Despite suboptimal HIV outcomes among female sex workers (FSW), limited research has been conducted on factors that impact viral suppression among this population. Examining narratives of HIV management, we examined how experiences of diagnosis, treatment initiation, and ongoing care behaviours shaped viral suppression outcomes over time. METHODS: We conducted 20 in-depth interviews with FSW in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Using narrative and thematic qualitative approaches, we developed analytic summaries and matrices to compare trajectories of managing HIV between suppressed and unsuppressed participants. RESULTS: Regardless of suppression status, participants described similar narratives of overcoming initial challenges to HIV management through personal resilience and social support. Unsuppressed participants identified more delays in initiating antiretroviral therapy and more lapses in adherence due to less active acceptance of their HIV status and more persistent experiences of economic hardship and HIV stigma. CONCLUSIONS: We found that individual, interpersonal and structural factors, including stigma and economic precarity, differentiated trajectories towards viral suppression among FSW indicating the importance of multilevel interventions. Improved access to mental health services and social support could promote greater early acceptance of HIV status and progress towards viral suppression among FSW.

Resident training in psychopathology and uncertainty in a clinical situation.

The central theme of this article is the way in which psychiatry physicians-in-training deal with uncertainty in the discussion of clinical cases in Mexico. Methodologically, it is approached from the field of clinical ethnography and the narrative interpretation of plots in performative actions where there are sequences of communicative exchanges. In this way, it focuses on a detailed description of situations where clinical cases are reviewed to decipher, explain, and understand intersubjective meanings in the face of the emergence of uncertainty, its management, and the implications on decisions and actions. The study finds that limitations within the field of psychiatry lie in the nosographic construction of disease and its translation into the diagnostic hypotheses made by clinicians, where there are wide margins of ambiguity. The strategies implemented in the face of uncertainty are use of drugs, the collegiate review of the case, and utilization of intuition as a spontaneous, preconscious daily practice. The specific case described here provides a microscopic observation of the complex scenarios in which uncertainty occurs in educational and teaching processes, clearly revealing how patient care is articulated. The narratives and their interpretation are materials for training/curriculum and psychiatric clinical practice.

COVID-19, asylum seekers, and migrants on the Mexico-U.S. border: Creating states of exception.

The COVID-19 pandemic illuminates possibilities for creating states of exception while simultaneously destabilizing the Mexico-U.S. border through the politics of fear. Specifically, the Migrant Protection Protocols (MPP), Zero Tolerance Policy (ZTP), COVID-19 CAPIO, Asylum Cooperative Agreements (ACA), and Title 42-using the pandemic under an arcane section of U.S. law to immediately expel asylum seekers and refugees, in particular-highlight the formation of a state of exception consistent with the work of Agamben. They also document how the politics of fear is used to reinforce hegemonic narratives targeting asylum seekers while attempting to reinforce political agendas that lean toward a specific brand of nationalism using the lens of public health as a context. The U.S. government under the Trump administration, and the Biden administration to a lesser extent, constructed these policies aimed primarily at refugees and asylum seekers from El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico, thereby violating laws and international treaty obligations. Related Articles: Correa-Cabrera, Guadalupe. 2013. "Security, Migration, and the Economy in the Texas-Tamaulipas Border Region: The 'Real' Effects of Mexico's Drug War." Politics & Policy 41(1): 65-82. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12005.Duman, Yoav H. 2014. "Reducing the Fog? Immigrant Regularization and the State." Politics & Policy 42(2): 187-220. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12065.Garrett, Terence M. 2020. "The Security Apparatus, Federal Magistrate Courts, and Detention Centers as Simulacra: The Effects of Trump's Zero Tolerance Policy on Migrants and Refugees in the Rio Grande Valley." Politics & Policy 48(2): 372-35. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12348.

La pandemia de COVID­19 ilumina las posibilidades de crear estados de excepción y, al mismo tiempo, desestabilizar la relación México­Estados Unidos. frontera a través de la política del miedo. Específicamente, los Protocolos de Protección de Migrantes (MPP), la Política de Tolerancia Cero (ZTP), Covid­19 CAPIO, los Acuerdos Cooperativos de Asilo (ACA) y el Título 42: usar la pandemia bajo una sección arcana de la ley de EE. UU. para expulsar de inmediato a los solicitantes de asilo y refugiados, en particular, destaca la formación de un estado de excepción consistente con el trabajo de Agamben mientras documenta cómo la política del miedo se usa para reforzar las narrativas hegemónicas dirigidas a los solicitantes de asilo mientras intenta reforzar las agendas políticas que se inclinan hacia una marca específica de nacionalismo usando la lente de la salud pública como contexto. El gobierno de los EE. UU. bajo la administración de Trump, y la administración de Biden en menor medida, construyeron estas políticas dirigidas principalmente a refugiados y solicitantes de asilo de El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y México, violando así las leyes y las obligaciones de los tratados internacionales.

From urban waste to urban farmers: Can we close the agriculture loop within the city bounds?

As urbanisation intensifies in Brazilian cities, life quality in urban centres becomes a challenge for policymakers, and transitioning urban systems to sustainability is required. Circular economy concepts may contribute to face them, especially those owing to municipal solid waste (MSW) management. Curitiba, a Brazilian municipality known for its innovative initiatives towards sustainability. Despite a long tradition in recycling inert waste, MSW system struggles to promote composting even considering a decade in force national law. Decentralised composting through the Urban Agriculture Program (UAP) is the city's strategy to tackle this struggle. This strategy faces difficulties as, even if urban agriculture facilities seem to be a promising context, closing the agricultural loop within the city bounds was not possible in the 24 urban farmers communities trained in composting techniques. The literature has shown difficulties in government experiments to promote practices in the long run and several experiences in Brazil are already described. This study reveals cultural barriers that influence adoption of domestic composting, by following a secondary data review on past experiences with interviewing and observing participatively urban farms communities. From the fieldwork, cultural perspectives from four different relevant actor roles in the UAP were elaborated and conflicts between them revealed cultural barriers hindering composting practices adoption. Recommendations based on these barriers argue for bottom-up approaches for transition experiments and recognising the sense material and technical support makes to practitioners.

Public Policy and Experiences of Aging: Social Relationships and Social Integration in Chilean Policy on Aging.

This study uses an interpretive narrative approach to compare and contrast assumptions regarding social integration (participation in meaningful and multiple roles, and engagement in social networks) as promoted in the Chilean Comprehensive Policy for Positive Aging, with the expectations of interviewees aged 60 to 74 years. The Policy assumes specific forms of social integration by: offering different options of social integration to dependent vs. independent older people, encouraging autonomy and self-management, and assuming the primacy of family responsibility in older people's care. Both the Policy and the interviewees emphasize the value of autonomy and independence in old age; the latter, however, do not place family at the frontline when care is needed. Understanding the matches and gaps between policy assumptions and older people's expectations for social integration, including the role of family caregiving, can open new possibilities to prevent social isolation and promote different forms of social support that are valued by older adults for their emotional and practical benefit.

An integrated mixed methods approach to clarifying delivery, receipt and potential benefits of CHW-facilitated social support in a health promotion intervention.

BACKGROUND: Social support plays a critical role in physical and emotional health, making it an important component of community health worker (CHW) health promotion interventions. Different types of support operate in different ways, however, and the relationship between the nature of CHW support and the subsequent health benefit for their clients is not well understood. METHODS: This paper describes an integrated mixed methods study of the emotional, informational, appraisal and tangible support CHWs provided to Latinx community members residing in three US-Mexico border communities. Using a cohort (n = 159) from a CHW community-based intervention, we identify and describe four clusters of social support in which participants are characterized by life situations that informed the types of social support provided by the CHW. We examine the association between each cluster and client perceptions of social support over the 6-month intervention. RESULTS: CHWs provided emotional, appraisal, informational and tangible support depending on the needs of participants. Participants who received higher levels of emotional support from the CHW experienced the greatest post intervention increase in perceived social support. CONCLUSIONS: Study findings suggest that CHWs may be adept at providing non-directive social support based on their interaction with a client rather than a health outcome objective. Health promotion interventions should allow CHWs the flexibility to tailor provision of social support based on their assessment of client needs.

Growing up in the context of intimate partner violence: Experiences and meanings for adolescents in Chile.

BACKGROUND: Growing up in the context of intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with a range of mental health problems in childhood. A recent area of research in this field considers the perspectives of children and adolescents in understanding the phenomenon of IPV. OBJECTIVE: To explore the lived experiences of adolescents growing up in the context of IPV and the meanings they construct about the phenomenon. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Ten adolescents (five females and five males), between 12 and 17 years old, who were attending psychosocial programs specialized in child maltreatment in Santiago, Chile. METHODS: The data were obtained through semi-structured interviews and thematic narrative analysis. RESULTS: The results show that many of the adolescents narrate their lived experiences of severe and chronic episodes of IPV as part of their life story, and that they continue to do so even after their parents separate. It was also found that the adolescents suffered other forms of victimizations, such as physical and sexual abuse. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents growing up in the context of IPV are demonstrated to be not only direct victims of violence but also active agents capable of reflecting on it. The implications of children and adolescents participating in such investigations for the development of effective interventions in IPV are also discussed.

Change during psychotherapy: the perspective of children and adolescents who have been sexually abused.

The aim of this research was to identify the meanings of psychotherapeutic change of children and adolescents who have suffered sexual abuse and were in psychotherapy. In order to do this, a qualitative study was carried out in which in-depth interviews complemented with drawings were conducted with 10 children and adolescents, aged between 6 and 16 years, who were taking part in psychotherapy due to sexual abuse. The interviews took place between 6 and 10 months after the start of the therapy and before it ended. Thematic narrative analysis was used for the interviews and visual narrative analysis for the drawings. The main findings showed that children and adolescents visualized psychotherapeutic change as a process in which gradual progress is made. The participants notice changes from an initial state of sadness and distress, mainly describing a positive shift in terms of emotional well-being. In addition, in this phase of the therapy only a few participants identified changes in their feelings regarding the abusive experience. The participants identified aspects of the therapy and supportive relationships with significant others as elements that foster these changes. In their view, hindering elements include changes of therapist, legal factors, and not being believed by their family. It is discussed the importance of knowing the children and adolescents' perspective regarding psychotherapeutic change while participating in therapy processes, using multiple methodologies, to generate interventions that suit the needs of this population and match the pace of children and adolescents' change.

Phenomenological-narrative contributions to understand the narrative strategies that shape the autobiographical account throughout different moments of the therapeutic process.

Different studies suggest that the strategies and narrative styles that people use to construct their autobiographical accounts have repercussions on their self-organization, as well as on their identity experience and their conception of the world. Empirical evidence supports changes in different aspects related to process, structure, and content in the narrative of clients during the course of the therapeutic process; these, in turn, seem to condition the course and the results of the process. In this paper we will seek to show, based on a case study and through the application of a method of phenomenological-narrative analysis, what are the predominant narrative strategies that a client uses in order to shape her autobiographical narrative in the initial and final moments of her psychotherapeutic process. Our data suggest that the narrative strategies at the beginning and end of the therapy are qualitatively differentiable. Changes are observed in the plot of the respective accounts, as well as a differentiated mode in the use of narrative functions. More specifically toward the end of psychotherapy, the client makes a deeper characterization of herself and others, based on predicates of a subjectivating, interpretive, and evaluative-reflective kind. She also predominantly uses proconcluding metacomments, which could facilitate the integration of problematic experiences. In summary, our data suggest that after a successful therapeutic process the client uses more complex and integrated narrative strategies for the construction of her autobiographical account.

What is not, but might be: The disnarrated in parents' stories of their child's cancer treatment.

The study of illness narratives is based on the premise that stories are told for a reason and storytellers make narrative decisions on what to include and leave out of a story, the style of narration, the place where the story is told and the audience. Through this narrative work, they situate themselves in particular ways and make sense of the illness and the world around them. In this article, we explore the disnarrated, a style of narration that features events that do not happen, but are nonetheless referred to in the story. The aim of the article is to illustrate the additional layers of meaning that can be uncovered from illness stories when attention is paid to what did not happen, but, yet, is still part of the story. We draw from a qualitative study carried out with 17 parents whose children were diagnosed with cancer and were receiving medical care in Argentina. We carried out narrative interviews with the parents and participant-observation in hospital areas and the hotels where they resided during treatment. The analysis of the interview transcripts was carried out using a holistic understanding of the narratives and focusing on the identification of themes that appeared disnarrated. The fieldnotes from the observations were used to contextualize the narrative analysis. The disnarrated, in its many manifestations, produced a layer of analysis of parents' stories of treatment patterned by parents' desires, hopes and fears. The disnarrated was used by parents to discuss alternative care trajectories and express fears regarding what the future would bring for the child and family. The disnarrated is a useful analytical tool for examining illness stories as it points to storytellers' views of what is acceptable or desirable in their world and their hopes and preferences for alternative realities.

Análise Narrativa, Construção de Sentidos e Identidade / Narrative Analysis, the Construction of Meaning and Identity

RESUMO Subjetividade é um fenômeno amplamente debatido por perspectivas narrativistas em Psicologia. Uma questão importante nessa direção é como analisar as construções narrativas em situações de pesquisa. Neste estudo, temos o objetivo de apresentar e discutir uma proposta analítica para estudo do fenômeno da identidade, à luz de perspectivas narrativistas e da psicologia discursiva. A proposta se fundamenta em uma forma específica de análise narrativa: a análise de posicionamento. Apresentamos um estudo de caso realizado com o objetivo de investigar a construção de sentidos de identidade por pessoas que tinham realizado cirurgia bariátrica. Espera-se ampliar a discussão sobre ferramentas analíticas, vinculando-as a referenciais teórico-metodológicos específicos no chamado "turno interpretativo", e ofertar uma proposta investigativa plausível para narrativas e subjetividade em Psicologia.

ABSTRACT Subjectivity is a phenomenon widely debated among narrativist perspectives in Psychology. One important question in this area of research pertains to the analysis of narrative constructions of an individual in research contexts. In this study, we aimed to present and discuss an analytical approach to investigate the phenomenon of identity grounded on narrativist perspectives and discursive psychology, which are based on a specific form of narrative analysis: the positioning analysis. We present a case study with the objective to investigate the construction of meaning of identity by individuals who had bariatric surgery performed. Our goal is to broaden the discussion of analytical tools and link them to specific theoretical and methodological frameworks within the "interpretive turn". We hope to show a plausible investigative approach integrating narrative and subjectivity in Psychology.

Narrativas processuais sobre violência no trabalho bancário: uma abordagem sócioconstrucionista / Procedural narratives about violence in banking work: a social constructionist approach / Narrativas procesales sobre la violencia en el trabajo en bancos: um enfoque construccionista social / Récits de procédure concernant la violence de travaildans le secteur bancaire: une approche socio-constructiviste

Com este artigo tem-se por objetivo analisar como os diferentes atores envolvidos em um processo tramitado no âmbito da justiça do trabalho interpretam os sentidos atribuídos à violência. Para tanto, optou-se pela abordagem teórico-metodológica sócioconstrucionista e tomaram-se como objeto de análise as narrativas processuais registradas pelo processo trabalhista em foco. Para fins deste trabalho, considerou-se como atores do processo a trabalhadora (reclamante nominada de modo fictício de Maria) e seu advogado de defesa, o juiz do trabalho que julgava o processo e o advogado que representava os interesses do Banco H, considerado no processo como reclamado. O protocolo de análise das narrativas contidas no processo seguiu o seguinte percurso metodológico: descrição sintética das especificidades do processo trabalhista, destacando as experiências de violência vividas pela reclamante; seleção de extratos das narrativas que expressavam as "vozes" e interpretações dos atores envolvidos no processo, sobre os atos de violência retratados pelo processo trabalhista; e agrupamento das narrativas registradas no processo em três categorias que abrigam as produções discursivas dos atores, ou seja, Acusação, Defesa e Juiz do trabalho. Finalmente, foram identificadas diferentes subcategorias que pudessem revelar os sentidos da violência sob a ótica dos atores acima mencionados. A releitura e análise das práticas discursivas registradas pelo processo evidenciaram que Maria vivenciou, ao longo de sete anos de trabalho em uma organização bancária, diversos eventos cotidianos que foram reconhecidos pela justiça do trabalho como atos de violência. As análises das práticas discursivas registradas no processo judicial em foco revelaram que os atos de violência vivenciados por Maria foram interpretados de modo diferente pelos diferentes atores envolvidos. A interpretação e compreensão desses diferentes sentidos sinalizam que, dependendo dos interesses e do processo de subjetivação em jogo, a violência pode ser naturalizada, banalizada, repudiada e até mesmo admitida no contexto do trabalho.

The objective of this article is to analyze how different actors involved in a Labor JudicialProcess, which took place at a Labor Justice Court interpret meanings attributed to violence at work. The social constructionist theoretical-methodological approach was chosenin order to reach this objective, and the objects of analysis were the processual narratives recorded during the labor judicial process in focus. For the purposes of this study, the actors of the process were the worker (the complainant, fictitiously named Maria) and her defense attorney; the judge; and the lawyer who represented the interests of the Bank H, considered the claimed in the process. The protocol for analyzing the narratives contained in the judicial process followed the subsequentmethodological route: (1) a short description of the specifics of the labor judicialprocess, highlighting the complainant experiences of violence; (2) the selection of extracts from the narratives that expressed the "voices " and interpretations of the actors involved in the judicialprocess about the violence depictedin the process; and (3)the grouping of narrative extracts recorded in the judicialprocess into three categories that contained the discursive production of the three different actors, i.e. Prosecution, Defense and Judge. Finally, different subcategories were devised in order to reveal the violence meanings from the perspective of the aforementioned actors. The retelling and analysis of the discourse practices recorded during the judicial process showed that Maria experienced many everyday events, recognized by the labor justice court as acts of violence,during more than seven years of work in the bank organization. The analysis of the discoursepractices recorded in the judicial process in focus also showthat the discourse practices revealed that the violence experienced by Maria were interpreted differently by the different actors involved. The interpretation and understanding of these different meanings indicate that, depending on the interests and the subjectivation process in play, violence can be naturalized, trivialized,rejected, and even admitted in work.

Con este artículo se objetivó analizar cómo los diferentes actores involucrados en un marco de justicia llevados ante el proceso de trabajo interpretan los significados atribuidos a la violencia. Para ello se optó por el enfoque teórico-metodológico construccionista social y fue tomado como objeto de análisis las narrativas procesales registradas durente el proceso de trabajo en el enfoque. Para efectos de este estudio, se consideró como actores en el proceso de trabajo la trabajadora (llamadade denunciante, ficticiamente María) y su abogado defensor, el juez del proceso de trabajo y el abogado que representaba a los intereses del Banco H, considerado en el proceso como el denunciado. El protocolo metodológico de análisis de los relatos contenidos en el proceso siguió la siguiente ruta: breve descripción de los detalles del proceso de trabajo, destacando las experiencias de violencia experimentada por la demandante, la selección de los extractos de las narrativas que expresavan las "voces" y las interpretaciones de los actores involucrados en el proceso acerca de la violencia retratada por el proceso de trabajo, y la agrupación de las narraciones grabadas en el proceso en tres categorías que albergan la producción discursiva de los actores, es decir, la Denunciante, la Defensa y el Juez. Por último, se identificaron diferentes subcategorías que podrían revelar los significados de la violencia desde la perspectiva de los actores antes mencionados. El recuento y análisis de las prácticas discursivas registrados por el proceso mostraron que María experimentó durante más de siete años de trabajo en una entidad bancaria, muchos acontecimientos cotidianos que fueron reconocidos por el tribunal laboral como actos de violencia. El análisis de las prácticas discursivas registradas en el proceso judicial en atención reveló que la violencia experimentada por María fue interpretada de maneras diferentes por los diferentes actores involucrados en el proceso. La interpretación y la comprensión de estos diferentes sentidos indican que, en función de los intereses y del proceso desubjetivación puestos en juego, la violencia puede ser naturalizada, trivializada, rejitada y ate mismo admitida en el trabajo.

Avec cet article a été d'analyser comment les différents acteurs impliqués dans un cadre de justice portées devant le processus de travail interpréter les significations attribuées à la violence. Pour ce faire, nous avons opté pour l'approche théorique et méthodologique socio-constructiviste et a été considérée comme l'objet de récits de procédure d'analyse enregistrés par le processus de travail mis au point. Aux fins de cette étude, il a été considéré comme des acteurs dans le processus de travail (appelé le plaignant fictivement Marie) et son avocat de la défense, le juge a estimé que le processus de travail et l'avocat qui représentait les intérêts de la Banque H, considéré dans le processus selon. L'analyse de protocole des récitscontenusdans le processus méthodologique suivil'itinérairesuivant: brève description des détails du processus de travail, en soulignant les expériences de la violencesubie par le requérant, la sélectiond'extraits des récits qui expriment les «voix¼ et les interprétations des acteur simpliqués dans le processus sur la violence dépeinte par le processus de travail, et le regroupement des récitsen registrés dans le processus en trois catégoriesqui abritent la production discursive des acteurs, à savoir l'Accusation, la Défense et la Justicetravail. Enfin, différentessous-catégoriesqui pour raientrévéler la signification de la violence du point de vue des acteurs mentionnés ci-dessusontété identifiés. Le récit et l'analyse des pratiques discursivesen registrés par le processusont montré que Marie a connu plus de sept années de travaildans un organisme bancaire, de nombreux événementsquoti diensquiontétére connus par les tribunaux du travail que les actes de violence. L'analyse des pratiques discursivesen registrés dans le processus judiciaire au point a révélé que la violence subie par Maria ontété interprétés différemment par les différentes parties prenantes. L'interprétation et la compréhension de ces différents sensindiquent que, en fonction des intérêts et de la subjectivité dans le processus de jeu, la violence peutêtre naturalisé, banalisée, divorcée et a mêmead mis dans le travail.

Cambio y narración. Las transformaciones de la homosexc relatos de homosexuales mayores[] / Mudança e narração. As transformações da homossexualidade em Buenos Aires segundo os relatos de homossexuais maiores / Change and narration. The transformations of homosexuality in Buenos Aires according to the narratives of older homosexuals

En el artículo se indagan narrativas respecto de las transformaciones de la homosexualidad de varones residentes en Buenos Aires desde 1983. Las narrativas implican ineludiblemente una valoración ética de lo contado, transformando de esta forma lo "realmente" vivido. Se aplican técnicas de los métodos del análisis narrativo para abordar un conjunto de teorías legas del cambio social de la homosexualidad, que no solamente presentan factores de cambio, sino valoraciones sobre el estado de cosas al que el cambio lleva.

Este artigo analisa as narrativas a respeito das transformações da homossexualidade de homens residentes em Buenos Aires desde 1983. As narrativas implicam ineludivelmente uma valorização ética do contado, transformando desta forma o "realmente" vivido. São aplicadas para analisar um conjunto de teorias leigas da mudança social da homossexualidade, que não somente apresentam fatores de mudança, como também valorizações sobre o estado de coisas a que a mudança leva.

The article examines narratives about the transformations of homosexuality by of gay male residents of Buenos Aires since 1983. Narratives inevitably involve an ethical assessment of what is recounted, thus transforming what was "really" lived. Techniques of narrative analysis were applied to those narratives in order to address a set of lay theories on homosexuality and social change. The narratives introduce not only factors change, but a scale of values about the state of things to which that change has lead.

Secuestro extorsivo económico: significados construidos por una pareja sobreviviente / Sequestro extorsivo econômico: significados construídos por um casal sobreviviente / Economic kidnapping: meanings constructed by a surviving couple

Son los significados que elaboramos de las experiencias que vivimos, y no las experiencias mismas, los que definen sus repercusiones. El objetivo de esta investigación fue explorar y analizar desde el construccionismo social, los significados construidos por una pareja sobre su vivencia de secuestro extorsivo económico, así como los pensamientos y sentimientos derivados de ellos. Se empleó como método el estudio de casos, y como técnica de recolección de datos la entrevista semiestructurada. Aunque en ambas narrativas estuvo presente la religión, la mujer significó al secuestro como una prueba de fortaleza y una oportunidad, y el varón como un castigo y una llamada de atención; el temor fue uno de los sentimientos presentes en ambos desde su captura. Después de la liberación sus sentimientos y pensamientos estuvieron relacionados con los significados construidos, en ella se encontraron deseos de superarse y mejorar su vida, y en el varón sentimientos de culpa...

São os significados que fazemos do que experimentamos, e não as experiências em si, que definem o seu impacto. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi explorar e analisar, a partir do construcionismo social, os sentidos construídos por um casal sobre a sua experiência de sequestro, bem como pensamentos e sentimentos derivados dela. O método utilizado foi o de Estudo de caso e como técnica, a coleta de dados através de entrevista semi-estruturada. Embora em ambas narrativas a religião estivesse presente, a mulher significou o sequestro como um teste de força e oportunidade, e o homem como um castigo e uma advertência; o medo foi um dos sentimentos presentes em ambos desde sua captura. Depois da libertação, seus sentimentos e pensamentos estiveram relacionados com os significados construídos. Nela foram encontrados o desejo de superar-se e melhorar a sua vida, e nele sentimentos de culpa...

The meanings that we elaborate with the experiences that we live, and not the experiences themselves, are those that define the aftermath. The objective of this investigation was to explore and analize from social constructionism, the meanings constructed by a couple on their experience of economic kidnapping, such as thoughts and feelings derived from them. Case study was the method implemented on this process, and as a data collection technique, the semi structured interview. Although in both narratives religion was present, for the woman the kidnapping signified a test of strength and opportunity, and for the man as a punishment and a warning; for both fear was one of the feelings present since their capture. After the releasing, their feelings and thoughts were related to the meanings constructed, in the woman a desire of improvement and a better life were found, and in the man feelings of guilt...

Secuestro extorsivo económico: significados construidos por una pareja sobreviviente / Sequestro extorsivo econômico: significados construídos por um casal sobreviviente / Economic kidnapping: meanings constructed by a surviving couple

Son los significados que elaboramos de las experiencias que vivimos, y no las experiencias mismas, los que definen sus repercusiones. El objetivo de esta investigación fue explorar y analizar desde el construccionismo social, los significados construidos por una pareja sobre su vivencia de secuestro extorsivo económico, así como los pensamientos y sentimientos derivados de ellos. Se empleó como método el estudio de casos, y como técnica de recolección de datos la entrevista semiestructurada. Aunque en ambas narrativas estuvo presente la religión, la mujer significó al secuestro como una prueba de fortaleza y una oportunidad, y el varón como un castigo y una llamada de atención; el temor fue uno de los sentimientos presentes en ambos desde su captura. Después de la liberación sus sentimientos y pensamientos estuvieron relacionados con los significados construidos, en ella se encontraron deseos de superarse y mejorar su vida, y en el varón sentimientos de culpa.(AU)

São os significados que fazemos do que experimentamos, e não as experiências em si, que definem o seu impacto. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi explorar e analisar, a partir do construcionismo social, os sentidos construídos por um casal sobre a sua experiência de sequestro, bem como pensamentos e sentimentos derivados dela. O método utilizado foi o de Estudo de caso e como técnica, a coleta de dados através de entrevista semi-estruturada. Embora em ambas narrativas a religião estivesse presente, a mulher significou o sequestro como um teste de força e oportunidade, e o homem como um castigo e uma advertência; o medo foi um dos sentimentos presentes em ambos desde sua captura. Depois da libertação, seus sentimentos e pensamentos estiveram relacionados com os significados construídos. Nela foram encontrados o desejo de superar-se e melhorar a sua vida, e nele sentimentos de culpa.(AU)

The meanings that we elaborate with the experiences that we live, and not the experiences themselves, are those that define the aftermath. The objective of this investigation was to explore and analize from social constructionism, the meanings constructed by a couple on their experience of economic kidnapping, such as thoughts and feelings derived from them. Case study was the method implemented on this process, and as a data collection technique, the semi structured interview. Although in both narratives religion was present, for the woman the kidnapping signified a test of strength and opportunity, and for the man as a punishment and a warning; for both fear was one of the feelings present since their capture. After the releasing, their feelings and thoughts were related to the meanings constructed, in the woman a desire of improvement and a better life were found, and in the man feelings of guilt.(AU)

Violência contra crianças e adolescentes com deficiência: narrativas com conselheiros tutelares / Violence against children and adolescents with disabilities: narratives with guardianship councilors

Artigo focado na hermenêutica de profundidade de Thompson com recorte nos sentidos produzidos a partir da análise narrativa com 15 conselheiros tutelares visando interpretar os sentidos da função de conselheiro na garantia dos direitos de crianças e adolescentes com deficiência. Conclui-se que determinados discursos genéricos sobre este tema funcionam como um núcleo duro que reforça a invisibilidade desse público e o torna mais vulnerável. No outro extremo a categoria genérica "especial" fala das dificuldades do conselheiro tutelar em buscar na rede institucional (saúde, lazer, educação) estratégias dessas garantias e das necessidades deste segmento e de suas famílias, ao deixar de diferenciar as diversas categorias de deficiências. Por fim, as aquisições de conhecimento, por alguns conselheiros, relacionadas a essa clientela se dá muito em função da proximidade com instituições de saúde que contribuem na construção de estratégias de garantia de direitos que formam redes. Destacamos as situações de vulnerabilidade a que estão expostos os conselheiros na relação entre o mandato de responder às violações sofridas pelo segmento infanto-juvenil, e a impotência resolutiva.

The article is based on Thompson's indepth hermeneutics with emphasis on meanings produced from narrative analysis of 15 guardianship councilors, seeking to interpret the significance of the councilor's function and ensuring the rights of children and adolescents with disabilities. The conclusion drawn is that certain generic discourses on this theme are presented as an inflexible core which reinforces the invisibility of the population and renders it more vulnerable. At the other extreme, the generic category of being "special" highlights the difficulties of the guardianship councilor in seeking strategies in the institutional network (health, leisure, education) for ensuring the rights and needs of this segment and their families, when failing to differentiate between the various categories of disability. Finally, the acquisition of knowledge by counselors related to this clientele depends greatly on the proximity of these counselors to health institutions that contribute in formulating strategies for guaranteeing rights that form networks. The situations of vulnerability to which counselors are exposed in the relationship between their mandate to respond to the violations suffered by the juvenile segment, and impotence to resolve them are stressed.

Migration and HIV risk: life histories of Mexican-born men living with HIV in North Carolina.

Latino men in the Southeastern USA are disproportionately affected by HIV, but little is known about how the migration process influences HIV-related risk. In North Carolina, a relatively new immigrant destination, Latino men are predominantly young and from Mexico. We conducted 31 iterative life history interviews with 15 Mexican-born men living with HIV. We used holistic content narrative analysis methods to examine HIV vulnerability in the context of migration and to identify important turning points. Major themes included the prominence of traumatic early-life experiences, migration as an ongoing process rather than a finite event, and HIV diagnosis as a final turning point in migration trajectories. Findings provide a nuanced understanding of HIV vulnerability throughout the migration process and have implications including the need for bi-national HIV-prevention approaches, improved outreach around early testing and linkage to care, and attention to mental health.

A narrativa nas pesquisas qualitativas em saúde / The narrative in qualitative research in health

O forte interesse das ciências sociais e humanas em saúde nos estudos narrativos levou a várias formas de incorporação das contribuições desses estudos na pesquisa qualitativa em saúde. Torna-se importante refletir sobre os contextos e as características dessa incorporação. Para tanto, destacamos as principais questões teóricas aí envolvidas, assim como situamos essa incorporação no contexto da produção científica mais ampla das ciências sociais e humanas em saúde. Apontamos, também, a contribuição dos estudos narrativos para reflexão sobre as relações entre estrutura e ação social ou entre contextos específicos de interação social e contextos societários mais amplos. Essa contribuição pode ser identificada na análise das relações narrativamente estabelecidas entre interpretação, experiência e ação, ao longo do processo de saúde-doença-cuidado. Argumenta-se que as narrativas não somente organizam interpretações, mas também consistem em uma forma específica de agenciamento social. Nesse sentido, as interpretações narrativas e as performances narrativas podem ser vistas como elementos centrais da construção social de experiências e trajetórias de adoecimento e cuidado.

The marked interest of the human and social sciences in health in narrative studies has led to many forms of incorporation of these contributions in qualitative research in health. It is important to reflect on the contexts and characteristics of this incorporation. To accomplish this, we highlight the core theoretical issues involved and also situate this incorporation in the broader context of the scientific production in the human and social sciences in health. We also stress the contribution of the narrative studies for reflection upon the relations between social structure and action or between specific contexts of social interaction and broader societal contexts. This contribution can be identified in relations established through narrative between interpretation, experience and action throughout the health-disease-care process. It is argued that narratives not only organize interpretations, but can also represent a specific form of social agency. In this sense, the narrative interpretations and narrative performances can be seen as core elements in the social construction of experiences and trajectories of illness and care.