Surto de dermatofilose em bezerros Nelore criados extensivamente em Goiás / Dermatophilosis outbreak in Nelore calves raised extensively in Goiás, midwestern Brazil

Background: Dermatophilosis is an infectious-contagious disease of acute, subacute or chronic evolution caused by the etiologic agent Dermatophilus congolensis, and presents as hyperplastic or exudative dermatitis with crusty and scaly skin eruptions. Although it is a disease with important economic impact on Brazilian beef cattle, the reports of outbreaks in zebu cattle are restricted to the states of São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul. The present paper aimed to report the epidemiological, clinical, laboratorial and pathological findings of a dermatophilosis outbreak in Nelore calves raised extensively in Goiás, Midwestern Brazil. Case: An outbreak of skin lesions in Nelore calves occurred on a farm located in Cocalzinho de Goiás, Goiás, Midwestern Brazil. Fifty one (25.5%) of the 200 calves from 3-11-months-old presented cutaneous lesions. Forty nine of the calves were still suckling and two were weaned recently, and the most affected calves were offspring’s of cows with the lowest body condition score. Three severely affected calves were clinically examined presenting regular body condition score, pale pink ocular mucosa, fever (39.2-40.3°C), tachycardia (80-100 beats per minute), tachypnea (48-56 breaths per minute) and moderate presence of ticks. Skin inspection revealed crusty, elevated, non-pruritic lesions of grayish color that easily detached from the skin exposing a humid and hemorrhagic superficial lesion with pus. Lesions were widespread on the body with predominance on the face, ears, neck and dorsal region. Hematological findings of these calves presented leukocytosis (16,083 ± 1,910/µL) by netrophilia (11,121 ± 2,349/µL) and hyperfibrinogenemia (966.6 ± 208.16 mg/dL). Biochemical alterations consisted of hypoproteinemia (6.5 ± 0.5 g/dL) and a slight increase in GGT activity in two calves (28 and 19 U/L, respectively)...

Surto de dermatofilose em bezerros Nelore criados extensivamente em Goiás / Dermatophilosis outbreak in Nelore calves raised extensively in Goiás, midwestern Brazil

Background: Dermatophilosis is an infectious-contagious disease of acute, subacute or chronic evolution caused by the etiologic agent Dermatophilus congolensis, and presents as hyperplastic or exudative dermatitis with crusty and scaly skin eruptions. Although it is a disease with important economic impact on Brazilian beef cattle, the reports of outbreaks in zebu cattle are restricted to the states of São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul. The present paper aimed to report the epidemiological, clinical, laboratorial and pathological findings of a dermatophilosis outbreak in Nelore calves raised extensively in Goiás, Midwestern Brazil. Case: An outbreak of skin lesions in Nelore calves occurred on a farm located in Cocalzinho de Goiás, Goiás, Midwestern Brazil. Fifty one (25.5%) of the 200 calves from 3-11-months-old presented cutaneous lesions. Forty nine of the calves were still suckling and two were weaned recently, and the most affected calves were offsprings of cows with the lowest body condition score. Three severely affected calves were clinically examined presenting regular body condition score, pale pink ocular mucosa, fever (39.2-40.3°C), tachycardia (80-100 beats per minute), tachypnea (48-56 breaths per minute) and moderate presence of ticks. Skin inspection revealed crusty, elevated, non-pruritic lesions of grayish color that easily detached from the skin exposing a humid and hemorrhagic superficial lesion with pus. Lesions were widespread on the body with predominance on the face, ears, neck and dorsal region. Hematological findings of these calves presented leukocytosis (16,083 ± 1,910/µL) by netrophilia (11,121 ± 2,349/µL) and hyperfibrinogenemia (966.6 ± 208.16 mg/dL). Biochemical alterations consisted of hypoproteinemia (6.5 ± 0.5 g/dL) and a slight increase in GGT activity in two calves (28 and 19 U/L, respectively)...(AU)

Comparação da concentração de citocinas no líquido amnióticos de bezerros Nelore concebidos por meio de diferentes biotecnologias da reprodução / Comparison of the cytokines concentration in amniotic fluid of the Nelore calves conceived by reproduction biotechnologies

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar as concentrações de TNF-α, IFN-y, IL-6 e IL-8 no fluido amniótico de bezerros concebidos por meio de PIV, TE e IA no momento do parto. Utilizaram-se sessenta animais divididos em grupos: 1-vinte vacas gestando bezerros Nelore de inovulações de embriões provenientes de doadoras superovuladas (TE); 2-vinte vacas gestando bezerros Nelore de inovulações de embriões provenientes de PIV; 3- vinte vacas Nelore gestando bezerros de IA. Durante a fase de expulsão, realizou-se a colheita do líquido amniótico que foi depositado em tubo plástico e congelado em freezer. Realizou-se ELISA para a dosagem das citocinas, cujas concentrações foram submetidas ao teste de Kruskal-Wallis, com p<0.05. Para TNF-a verificou-se que o grupo TE não apresentou diferença na concentração em relação ao grupo PIV e IA (p>0,05). Contudo no grupo IA, a concentração de TNF-α foi inferior ao do grupo PIV (p<0,05). Para IFN-y não foi observada diferença significativa entre as concentrações nos diferentes grupos (p>0.05). Apenas duas amostras do grupo PIV apresentaram concentração detectável de IL-6 e para IL-8 apenas uma amostra do mesmo grupo. Os resultados desse experimento podem ser adotados como padrões para gestação normal de bovinos. Entretanto novas pesquisas na área da imunologia da gestação são necessárias para melhor descrever o papel das citocinas na manutenção da gestação e no desencadeamento do trabalho de parto em bovinos.

This study aimed to determine the levels of TNF-α, IFN-Y, IL-6 and IL-8 in amniotic fluid of calves from IVP compared with those obtained by conventional embryo transfer and artificial insemination at the delivery. Sixty animals used were divided into groups: 1 - Twenty Nelore cross-breed cows pregnant with Nelore calves of embryos transfer conventional method (ET); 2 - Twenty Nelore cross-breed cows pregnant with Nelore calves obtained by in vitro production after follicular aspiration; 3 Twenty pregnant Nelore cows bearing calves obtained by artificial insemination (AI). All births of the animals of the experiment were observed. During the expulsion phase the amnion was punctured and 15mL of fluid were collected using a needle and syringes compatible. The material was deposited on plastic tube and frozen in freezer for later analysis. The cytokines levels were measured by immunoenzymatic assay. The Kruskal-Wallis Test was used for statistical analysis with 5% significance. The TNF-a levels in the animals of the ET group showed no significant difference the concentration of this cytokine in the group AI and IVP. However for group AI were statistically lower than the IVP group (p<0.05). Furthermore, the median of the INF wasn't different significantly between the groups (p>0.05). Only samples 15 and 18 of the IVP group had detectable concentrations of IL-6 and to IL-8 only 15 of the sample the same group. The results of this experiment can be adopted as standards for normal pregnancy in cattle, since there is no report of such literature. However new researches in immunology of pregnancy are necessary to describe the role of cytokines in both the maintenance of pregnancy and in the delivery labor for the bovine specie.

Influence of creep feeding on postweaning performance of nelore calves / Influência da suplementação em cocho privativo sobre o desempenho pós-desmama de bezerros Nelore

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of creep feeding on post-weaning performance traits of Nelore bulls. The experiment was carried out at the Estação Experimental de Zootecnia de Sertãozinho, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The sample was composed of 245 animals born from 1983 to 1986. They were allotted into 2 treatments: creep feed (C.P.) and pasture (P.). They entered the feedlot at weaning (210 days) being C.P. group 13.2 kg (6.7%) heavier than P. At the end of the confinement period, at 383 days old, there was an advantage of 7.4kg (2.5%) in favor of the C.P. group. After the feedlot period a sample of animals from each treatment remained in pasture until 550 days old. There was no difference between treatments for the 550 days corrected final weight (P550) and daily gains under range conditions.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar os efeitos da suplementação de bezerros em Cocho Privativo, durante aleitamento, sobre os ganhos e pesos pós-desmama. O experimento foi conduzido na Estação Experimental de Zootecnia de Sertãozinho, SP, utilizando-se 245 machos da raça Nelore, nascidos nos anos de 1983 a 1986 e divididos em dois regimes: Cocho Privativo (C.P.) e Pasto (P.). Aos 210 dias de idade (desmama) e início do confinamento, os bezerros em Cocho Privativo apresentaram 13,2 kg a mais que os a Pasto. Nos primeiros cinco dias pós-desmama os animais de ambos os regimes perderam em média, 9,0 kg/cabeça, representando 5% do peso vivo, devido ao estresse da desmama. Ao final do confinamento, aos 383 dias de idade, observou-se uma vantagem de 7,4 kg a favor do lote C.P.. Após o confinamento uma amostra dos animais de cada regime foi levada a pasto por 167 dias, não se observando diferença significativa entre os regimes para os ganhos e pesos. A influência do C.P. sobre os pesos pós-desmama persistiu até a idade de 18 meses, embora tenha diminuido de 13,2 kg (6,7% da média do peso), aos 210 dias para 7,4 kg (2,5%), aos 383 dias.

Influence of creep feeding on postweaning performance of nelore calves / Influência da suplementação em cocho privativo sobre o desempenho pós-desmama de bezerros Nelore

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of creep feeding on post-weaning performance traits of Nelore bulls. The experiment was carried out at the Estação Experimental de Zootecnia de Sertãozinho, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The sample was composed of 245 animals born from 1983 to 1986. They were allotted into 2 treatments: creep feed (C.P.) and pasture (P.). They entered the feedlot at weaning (210 days) being C.P. group 13.2 kg (6.7%) heavier than P. At the end of the confinement period, at 383 days old, there was an advantage of 7.4kg (2.5%) in favor of the C.P. group. After the feedlot period a sample of animals from each treatment remained in pasture until 550 days old. There was no difference between treatments for the 550 days corrected final weight (P550) and daily gains under range conditions.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar os efeitos da suplementação de bezerros em Cocho Privativo, durante aleitamento, sobre os ganhos e pesos pós-desmama. O experimento foi conduzido na Estação Experimental de Zootecnia de Sertãozinho, SP, utilizando-se 245 machos da raça Nelore, nascidos nos anos de 1983 a 1986 e divididos em dois regimes: Cocho Privativo (C.P.) e Pasto (P.). Aos 210 dias de idade (desmama) e início do confinamento, os bezerros em Cocho Privativo apresentaram 13,2 kg a mais que os a Pasto. Nos primeiros cinco dias pós-desmama os animais de ambos os regimes perderam em média, 9,0 kg/cabeça, representando 5% do peso vivo, devido ao estresse da desmama. Ao final do confinamento, aos 383 dias de idade, observou-se uma vantagem de 7,4 kg a favor do lote C.P.. Após o confinamento uma amostra dos animais de cada regime foi levada a pasto por 167 dias, não se observando diferença significativa entre os regimes para os ganhos e pesos. A influência do C.P. sobre os pesos pós-desmama persistiu até a idade de 18 meses, embora tenha diminuido de 13,2 kg (6,7% da média do peso), aos 210 dias para 7,4 kg (2,5%), aos 383 dias.