RESUMO
The family Trypanosomatidae reunites a great number of species which parasite several organisms, among them, chiropterans, which may act as reservoirs. The present study aimed at demonstrating the occurrence of trypanosomatids in the blood of phyllostomids from Perobas Biological Reserve, Paraná, Brazil. The capture of the animals was performed with the aid of mist nets in July and August, 2008. The bats were contained manually and for the parasite analysis, a small drop of blood was collected in order to prepare imprint samples which were fixed in absolute methanol. In the laboratory, the slides were stained by the method of Giemsa, observed and photographed with the aid of a light microscope. Fifteen positive results were found out of 33 animals captured. Five of the species captured, Artibeus lituratus, Artibeus fimbriatus, Artibeus planirostris, Artibeus obscurus and Sturnira lilium presented trypanosomatids. Only two species did not have positive slides, Carollia perspicillata and Pygoderma bilabiatum. The species with positive slides have a diversified diet, including the ingestion of insects, which may facilitate the infection. These results contribute with information about the occurrence of these blood parasites in bats since studies about the subject in Brazil are scarce.(AU)
A família Trypanosomatidae reúne grande número de espécies que parasitam os mais diversos organismos, entre eles, os quirópteros, que podem atuar como reservatórios. O presente estudo teve por objetivo investigar a ocorrência de tripanossomatídeos no sangue de filostomídeos da Reserva das Perobas, Paraná. A captura dos animais ocorreu com o uso de redes de neblina, nos meses de julho e agosto de 2008. Os morcegos foram contidos manualmente, e, para a análise dos parasitas, uma gotícula de sangue foi retirada para a confecção do esfregaço e fixação com metanol absoluto. No laboratório as lâminas foram coradas pelo método Giemsa, observadas e fotografadas ao microscópio. Foram obtidos 15 resultados positivos dos 33 exemplares capturados, sendo que cinco das sete espécies capturadas, Artibeus lituratus, Artibeus fimbriatus, Artibeus planirostris, Artibeus obscurus e Sturnira lilium, apresentaram tripanossomatídeos sanguíneos. Somente em Carollia perspicillata e Pygoderma bilabiatum, não foram constatados esses parasitos. Os animais com resultados positivos têm uma dieta bastante diversificada, incluindo a ingestão de insetos, o que pode acarretar infecções, caso alimentem-se de insetos contaminados. Esses resultados contribuem com as informações acerca da ocorrência de parasitas sanguíneos em morcegos, haja vista a escassez de estudos sobre o assunto no Brasil. (AU)
La familia Trypanosomatidae reúne gran número de especies que parasitan los más diversos organismos, entre ellos, los quirópteros, que pueden actuar como reservatorios. Esta investigación buscó la ocurrencia de tripanosomatídeos en la sangre de filostomídeos de la Reserva de las Perobas, Paraná. La captura de los animales ocurrió con el uso de redes de neblina, en los meses de julio y agosto de 2008. Los murciélagos fueron contenidos manualmente, y para el análisis de los parasitas, una gota de sangre fue retirada para fregado y fijación con metanol absoluto. En el Laboratorio las láminas fueron coloreadas por el método Giemsa, observadas y fotografiadas al microscopio. Se alcanzó 15 resultados positivos dos 33 ejemplares capturados, siendo que cinco de las siete especies capturadas, Artibeus lituratus, Artibeus fimbriatus, Artibeus planirostris, Artibeus obscurus y Sturnira lilium, presentaron tripanosomatídeos sanguíneos. Solamente en Carollia perspicillata y Pygoderma bilabiatum, no se constató esos parasitas. Los animales con resultados positivos tienen una dieta bastante diversificada, incluyendo la ingestión de insectos, lo que puede causar infecciones caso se alimenten de insectos contaminados. Esos resultados contribuyen con las informaciones acerca de la ocurrencia de parasitas sanguíneos en murciélagos, dada la escasez de estudios sobre el asunto en Brasil. (AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Quirópteros/parasitologia , Trypanosomatina/patogenicidade , Parasitos/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
The family Trypanosomatidae reunites a great number of species which parasite several organisms, among them, chiropterans, which may act as reservoirs. The present study aimed at demonstrating the occurrence of trypanosomatids in the blood of phyllostomids from Perobas Biological Reserve, Paraná, Brazil. The capture of the animals was performed with the aid of mist nets in July and August, 2008. The bats were contained manually and for the parasite analysis, a small drop of blood was collected in order to prepare imprint samples which were fixed in absolute methanol. In the laboratory, the slides were stained by the method of Giemsa, observed and photographed with the aid of a light microscope. Fifteen positive results were found out of 33 animals captured. Five of the species captured, Artibeus lituratus, Artibeus fimbriatus, Artibeus planirostris, Artibeus obscurus and Sturnira lilium presented trypanosomatids. Only two species did not have positive slides, Carollia perspicillata and Pygoderma bilabiatum. The species with positive slides have a diversified diet, including the ingestion of insects, which may facilitate the infection. These results contribute with information about the occurrence of these blood parasites in bats since studies about the subject in Brazil are scarce.
A família Trypanosomatidae reúne grande número de espécies que parasitam os mais diversos organismos, entre eles, os quirópteros, que podem atuar como reservatórios. O presente estudo teve por objetivo investigar a ocorrência de tripanossomatídeos no sangue de filostomídeos da Reserva das Perobas, Paraná. A captura dos animais ocorreu com o uso de redes de neblina, nos meses de julho e agosto de 2008. Os morcegos foram contidos manualmente, e, para a análise dos parasitas, uma gotícula de sangue foi retirada para a confecção do esfregaço e fixação com metanol absoluto. No laboratório as lâminas foram coradas pelo método Giemsa, observadas e fotografadas ao microscópio. Foram obtidos 15 resultados positivos dos 33 exemplares capturados, sendo que cinco das sete espécies capturadas, Artibeus lituratus, Artibeus fimbriatus, Artibeus planirostris, Artibeus obscurus e Sturnira lilium, apresentaram tripanossomatídeos sanguíneos. Somente em Carollia perspicillata e Pygoderma bilabiatum, não foram constatados esses parasitos. Os animais com resultados positivos têm uma dieta bastante diversificada, incluindo a ingestão de insetos, o que pode acarretar infecções, caso alimentem-se de insetos contaminados. Esses resultados contribuem com as informações acerca da ocorrência de parasitas sanguíneos em morcegos, haja vista a escassez de estudos sobre o assunto no Brasil.
La familia Trypanosomatidae reúne gran número de especies que parasitan los más diversos organismos, entre ellos, los quirópteros, que pueden actuar como reservatorios. Esta investigación buscó la ocurrencia de tripanosomatídeos en la sangre de filostomídeos de la Reserva de las Perobas, Paraná. La captura de los animales ocurrió con el uso de redes de neblina, en los meses de julio y agosto de 2008. Los murciélagos fueron contenidos manualmente, y para el análisis de los parasitas, una gota de sangre fue retirada para fregado y fijación con metanol absoluto. En el Laboratorio las láminas fueron coloreadas por el método Giemsa, observadas y fotografiadas al microscopio. Se alcanzó 15 resultados positivos dos 33 ejemplares capturados, siendo que cinco de las siete especies capturadas, Artibeus lituratus, Artibeus fimbriatus, Artibeus planirostris, Artibeus obscurus y Sturnira lilium, presentaron tripanosomatídeos sanguíneos. Solamente en Carollia perspicillata y Pygoderma bilabiatum, no se constató esos parasitas. Los animales con resultados positivos tienen una dieta bastante diversificada, incluyendo la ingestión de insectos, lo que puede causar infecciones caso se alimenten de insectos contaminados. Esos resultados contribuyen con las informaciones acerca de la ocurrencia de parasitas sanguíneos en murciélagos, dada la escasez de estudios sobre el asunto en Brasil.
RESUMO
No Paraná poucos estudos foram realizados sobre a presença do vírus rábico em morcegos, sendo a maioriadas pesquisas feitas nos grandes centros urbanos e em parques próximos às cidades. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo detectar a presença do vírus rábico em filostomídeos não hematófagos, coletados em um fragmento florestal na região de Porto Rico, Paraná. O estudo foi realizado no mês de março de 2006 e foram coletados exemplares de Carollia perspicillata, Artibeus lituratus, A. jamaicensis e Sturnira lilium. Amostras de encéfalo dos morcegos foram extraídas e encaminhadas para análise no Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Paraná (LACEN/ PR) onde foram empregadas as técnicas de imunoflorescência direta e prova biológica em camundongos. Das 16 amostras encaminhadas, todas apresentaram resultados negativos, indicando, assim, sanidade dos morcegos amostrados para o vírus rábico na região de Porto Rico, o que sugere a necessidade de novos estudos, a fim de conferir um panorama maior e mais preciso sobre a contaminação de quirópteros por tal enfermidade.
A few studies have been conducted in the state of Paraná respect to rabies virus in bats most of the researches were conducted in large cities and in parks next to the cities. This study has the purpose of identifying the occurrence of rabies virus in non-hematophagous phyllostomideos collected in a forest segment in the region of Porto Rico, Paraná. It was carried out in March, 2006 and samples of Carollia perspicillata, Artibeus lituratus, A. jamaicensis and Sturnira lilium were collected. Their encephalus were removed and analyzed at the Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Paraná (LACEN/ PR), where direct immunofluorescense and biological proof in mice were conducted. All 16 samples presented negative results,thus indicating sanity for the bats sampled for rabic virus in the region of Porto Rico, what suggests the need for new studies in order to establish a broader and more precise overview with respect to the contamination of chiroptera by such disease.
En Paraná pocos estudios fueron realizados sobre la presencia del virus rábico en murciélagos, siendo la mayoríade las investigaciones hechas en los grandes centros urbanos y en parques próximos a las ciudades. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo detectar la presencia del virus rábico en filostomídeos no hematófagos, colectados en un fragmento forestalen la región de Porto Rico - Paraná. El estudio fue realizado en el mes de marzo de 2006 y fueron colectados ejemplares de Carollia perspicillata, Artibeus lituratus, A. jamaicensis y Sturnira lilium. Muestras de encéfalos fueron extraídas y encaminadas para análisis en el Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública del Paraná (LACEN/ PR), donde fueron utilizadas las técnicas de inmunoflorescencia directa y prueba biológica en ratas. De las 16 muestras encaminadas, todas presentaron resultados negativos, indicando, así, la sanidad de los murciélagos pesquisados para el virus rábico en la región de Porto Rico, lo que sugiere la necesidad de nuevos estudios, a fin de conferir un panorama mayor y más preciso sobre la contaminación de quirópteros por tal enfermedad.
Assuntos
Animais , Medidas de Ocorrência de Doenças , Quirópteros , Vírus da Raiva/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Ectoparasites are organisms which are externally distributed in relation to an animal, usually dwellingon it. When it is concerned to bats, they can be represented by Hippoboscidae, Streblidae and Nycteribiidaefamilies. Temperature may influence upon the ectoparasites time of life pertaining to the Strebidae family. Theseectoparasites are tropical and tend to appear more frequently during the hottest months of the year. Thus, thepresent work had as aims to identify the ectoparasites insects found on Chiroptera, Mammalia from CinturãoVerde Municipal Park, Cianorte municipality, Paraná state, and analyse the frequency of these animals found onbats along the seasons of the year. The study was carried through from October, 2004 to September, 2005. The insects were collected sometimes manually and sometimes with the aid of tweezers. Then they were placedadequately into flasks containing alcohol at 70%, labeled with information about the parasite and the date ofcollection. During the research, 178 ectoparasites were captured, all of them belonging to the Streblidae family.The captured species were the following: Trichobius joblingi Wenzel, 1966, Aspidoptera falcata Wenzel, 1976, Megistopoda proxima Séguy, 1926, Megistopoda aranea(Coquillet, 1899, Paratrichobius longicrus Miranda Ribeiro, 1907 and Metelasmus pseudopterus Coquillet, 1907. T. joblingi was found on Artibeus lituratus an
Ectoparasites are organisms which are externally distributed in relation to an animal, usually dwellingon it. When it is concerned to bats, they can be represented by Hippoboscidae, Streblidae and Nycteribiidaefamilies. Temperature may influence upon the ectoparasites time of life pertaining to the Strebidae family. Theseectoparasites are tropical and tend to appear more frequently during the hottest months of the year. Thus, thepresent work had as aims to identify the ectoparasites insects found on Chiroptera, Mammalia from CinturãoVerde Municipal Park, Cianorte municipality, Paraná state, and analyse the frequency of these animals found onbats along the seasons of the year. The study was carried through from October, 2004 to September, 2005. The insects were collected sometimes manually and sometimes with the aid of tweezers. Then they were placedadequately into flasks containing alcohol at 70%, labeled with information about the parasite and the date ofcollection. During the research, 178 ectoparasites were captured, all of them belonging to the Streblidae family.The captured species were the following: Trichobius joblingi Wenzel, 1966, Aspidoptera falcata Wenzel, 1976, Megistopoda proxima Séguy, 1926, Megistopoda aranea(Coquillet, 1899, Paratrichobius longicrus Miranda Ribeiro, 1907 and Metelasmus pseudopterus Coquillet, 1907. T. joblingi was found on Artibeus lituratus an
RESUMO
Ectoparasites are organisms which are externally distributed in relation to an animal, usually dwellingon it. When it is concerned to bats, they can be represented by Hippoboscidae, Streblidae and Nycteribiidaefamilies. Temperature may influence upon the ectoparasites time of life pertaining to the Strebidae family. Theseectoparasites are tropical and tend to appear more frequently during the hottest months of the year. Thus, thepresent work had as aims to identify the ectoparasites insects found on Chiroptera, Mammalia from CinturãoVerde Municipal Park, Cianorte municipality, Paraná state, and analyse the frequency of these animals found onbats along the seasons of the year. The study was carried through from October, 2004 to September, 2005. The insects were collected sometimes manually and sometimes with the aid of tweezers. Then they were placedadequately into flasks containing alcohol at 70%, labeled with information about the parasite and the date ofcollection. During the research, 178 ectoparasites were captured, all of them belonging to the Streblidae family.The captured species were the following: Trichobius joblingi Wenzel, 1966, Aspidoptera falcata Wenzel, 1976, Megistopoda proxima Séguy, 1926, Megistopoda aranea(Coquillet, 1899, Paratrichobius longicrus Miranda Ribeiro, 1907 and Metelasmus pseudopterus Coquillet, 1907. T. joblingi was found on Artibeus lituratus an
Ectoparasites are organisms which are externally distributed in relation to an animal, usually dwellingon it. When it is concerned to bats, they can be represented by Hippoboscidae, Streblidae and Nycteribiidaefamilies. Temperature may influence upon the ectoparasites time of life pertaining to the Strebidae family. Theseectoparasites are tropical and tend to appear more frequently during the hottest months of the year. Thus, thepresent work had as aims to identify the ectoparasites insects found on Chiroptera, Mammalia from CinturãoVerde Municipal Park, Cianorte municipality, Paraná state, and analyse the frequency of these animals found onbats along the seasons of the year. The study was carried through from October, 2004 to September, 2005. The insects were collected sometimes manually and sometimes with the aid of tweezers. Then they were placedadequately into flasks containing alcohol at 70%, labeled with information about the parasite and the date ofcollection. During the research, 178 ectoparasites were captured, all of them belonging to the Streblidae family.The captured species were the following: Trichobius joblingi Wenzel, 1966, Aspidoptera falcata Wenzel, 1976, Megistopoda proxima Séguy, 1926, Megistopoda aranea(Coquillet, 1899, Paratrichobius longicrus Miranda Ribeiro, 1907 and Metelasmus pseudopterus Coquillet, 1907. T. joblingi was found on Artibeus lituratus an