Effects of remote facilitation on ankle joint movement: Focusing on occlusal strength and balance.

Background: Remote facilitation refers to teeth occlusion-activated spinal cord activity resulting in increased trunk and limb muscle strength. Facilitation depends on dentition-related pressure during occlusion and masticatory muscle contraction strength. Aims: This study aimed to clarify the neurophysiological phenomenon and mechanisms by which occlusal strength and balance affect leg muscle activity and smooth joint movement execution. Materials & Methods: To examine occlusal strength, three conditions were set: no contact between teeth and Moderate- and Maximum-strength occlusion (No-bite, Moderate, and Max conditions, respectively). To assess occlusal balance, we measured occlusal forces and calculated the left-right force ratio. We designated the sides with higher and lower occlusal pressure as hypertonic and hypotonic, respectively. We assessed ankle dorsiflexion movements with joint movement and isometric tasks. Results: The rate of joint development and peak ankle dorsiflexion torque were significantly higher under occlusion (moderate and max compared to No-bite conditions), and the joint movement performance time was significantly shorter under Moderate compared to No-bite conditions. The joint movement execution time change rate from No-bite to Moderate condition was significantly lower on the Hypertonic side. Joint movement function was most improved under Moderate conditions. Discussion: While remote facilitation improves with higher occlusal strength, leading to increased muscle strength, there is optimal occlusion intensity in joint movement. Moreover, an occlusal balance-dependent imbalance exists in remote facilitation between the Hyper- and Hypotonic sides. Conclusion: Thus, low-intensity occlusion is optimal for smooth joint movement, and unbalanced occlusion results in asymmetrical motor function facilitation.

Comparison of occlusal bite force distribution in subjects with different occlusal characteristics.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze bite force distribution in subjects with different occlusal characteristics. METHODS: This prospective study included 132 candidates (50 males, 82 females) seeking orthodontic treatment, who were divided into four groups based on Angle's classification of malocclusion. T-Scan® III Version 7.0 was used to record their relative distribution of bite forces, which were compared using gender, Angle's occlusal classification, overjet, overbite, space analysis, sagittal, and transverse skeletal relations variables. RESULTS: ANOVA revealed significant differences in posterior/anterior bite force ratios between sagittal dental and skeletal relationships, overjet, and overbite groups (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found between different space analysis and transverse relationship groups (p > 0.05) or between genders (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Subjects with Class III, decreased overjet and decreased overbite displayed higher bite force in posterior teeth compared to other groups. This feature must be considered when evaluating patients with dental and periodontal pathologies that might be affected by excessive tooth stress, especially in subjects with oral parafunctions and bruxism.

Effect of Molar Occlusal Balance on Cognitive Function in the Elderly.

BACKGROUND: Elderly people with dementia, who are increasing at a rate comparable to the rate at which theelderly population is growing, are becoming a serious social problem in Korea. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association between molar occlusal balance and cognitive function among Koreans aged 65 years and older. METHODS: A total of 308 participants aged 65 years and older who attended a senior center were recruited for the study with their consent. The Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-DS) was used to assess cognitive function, and masticatory ability was measured according to the ability to chew food, the number of remaining teeth, and the self-perceived perceived masticatory function. Relative molar occlusal balance was measured using the T-scan Ⅲ system. All collected data were analysed using SPSS version 23.0. RESULTS: There was a significant association between cognitive function and molar masticatory ability (P < .05). The participants with relative molar occlusal balance had a higher MMSE-DS score when compared to those with relative incision occlusal balance, adjusted for sociodemographic factors and number of remaining teeth, subjective masticatory ability, chewing ability, occlusion time, and denture use. Cognitive function was higher when relative molar occlusion was greater compared to anterior occlusion in anterior-posterior teeth balance. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive function in elderly people was higher when the relative molar occlusal balance was greater. Mastication with posterior teeth may have a more important effect on stimulation of cognitive function. Therefore, oral health care focusing on maintenance of molar teeth may be crucial for elderly persons.

[3D analysis of occlusal surfaces of teeth and their contacts. Part III. Development of a method for assessing the balance of occlusal contacts]. / 3D-analiz okklyuzionnykh poverkhnostei zubov i ikh kontaktov. Chast' III. Razrabotka metoda otsenki balansa okklyuzionnykh kontaktov.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to develop a technique for 3D analysis of the occlusal balance of teeth. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The development was carried out on the basis of the Avantis 3D software («Avantis 3D¼ LLC, Russia) using teeth scans of 50 subjects with Class I and II (Division 1) malocclusion and different degree of tooth wear. The algorithm and formulas for calculating the balance of symmetry and antero-posterior occlusal balance are presented. The essential features of the technique and the interpretation of the obtained indicators are explained on different clinical cases. Statistical analysis of the results of measuring occlusal balance of patients with different degree of teeth wear and malocclusion is presented. RESULTS: It is determined that the balance of common contacts is more important than the balance of direct contacts. CONCLUSION: Alignment of teeth without noticeable wear provides a better occlusal balance then before. The occlusal balance of worn teeth after alignment may be not good and require selective grinding or restoration of their occlusal surfaces.

Comparison of the Effect of Different Adjustment Methods (Occlusion) in the Restoration of Posterior Teeth / 现代医院

Objective To investigate the effect of different adjustment methods (occlusion) in dental implant repair. Methods 96 cases of patients with dental implant repair treated in our hospital from June 2015 to February 2017 were selected as the research object and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 48 cases in each group. The biting surfaces of the patients were reduced in the observation group, but the patients in the control group were treated with the original adjustment methods (occlusion). The bite balance and masticatory function of the two groups were evaluated at 3 months and 6 months after repair respectively. The occlusal balance was set up by computer to set the X and Y axes, and the X-axis and Y-axis values of the two groups were monitored. And measured the molars asymmetry index(AMOF), to calculate the ratio of each tooth occlusal force, and the larger the AMOF value, the more asymmetrical the bite force is. Chewing function score of 10 points, the higher the score that chewing better. Results Compared with the control group, the indexes of occlusal balance in the observation group at 3 months after repair were significantly increased (P＜0. 05), and at 6 months after repair, the AMOF (P＜0. 05). Compared with the control group, the scores of chewing function in the observation group at 3 months and 6 months after repair were significantly increased, there was statistical difference between the two groups Significance (P＜0. 05). Conclusion The effect of biting surface reduced (occlusion) in dental implan.

Reabilitação protética provisória em resina acrílica por meio do sistema CAD/CAM ­ acompanhamento de um ano / Provisional acrylic prosthetic rehabilitation using the CAD/CAM system ­ one-year follow-up

Pacientes com perdas dentárias posteriores sobrecarregam os dentes anteriores, causando desgastes dentários e, em muitos casos, fraturas, alterando a dimensão vertical de oclusão (DVO). Este trabalho teve como objetivo apresentar um caso clínico de perda dental posterior com desgaste e fratura dos dentes anteriores, e alteração da dimensão vertical. Paciente apresentava implantes dentais instalados na região posterior superior e inferior. Foram instalados minipilares sobre os implantes, cuja profundidade gengival era maior do que 1 mm, e os outros implantes moldados diretamente da plataforma. A moldagem foi realizada utilizando transferentes para moldeira aberta. Foram utilizados Jig de Lúcia e cilindros de titânio para o registro oclusal do paciente, e posterior montagem em articulador. Foram instalados scanbodies sobre os análogos colocados nos modelos do paciente, que foram jateados com pó opacifi cador e levados em um scanner de bancada para o escaneamento ­ primeiramente, os modelos; em seguida, o registro interoclusal. Os dados foram processados no software do sistema para a realização dos projetos das coroas provisórias e enviados para uma fresadora M5 da Zirkonzanh. As coroas foram fresadas em um bloco de resina acrílica e instaladas, e os ajustes necessários foram realizados. Após a colocação dos provisórios posteriores, foram realizadas nova moldagem e montagem em articulador semiajustável para o enceramento dos dentes anteriores. Após o paciente aprovar o enceramento, foram confeccionadas facetas em resina fotopolimerizável nos elementos dentais anteriores. Após um ano de acompanhamento, as coroas sobre implante apresentaram aspectos favoráveis e ausência de fraturas.

Patients with posterior tooth loss overload the anterior teeth, causing dental wear and in many cases fractures, altering the vertical dimension of occlusion (OVD). This paper aims to present a clinical case of posterior tooth loss with wear and fracture of the anterior teeth and alteration of the vertical dimension. The patient presented with dental implants installed in the upper and lower posterior regions. Minipillars were installed on the implants where the gingival depth was greater than 1 mm and a direct impression was made on the other´s implant platforms. Using open tray transfers. Lucia JIG and titanium cylinders were used for the occlusal registration and assembly in the articulator. Scanbodies were connected over the dental implant analogs, which were sandblasted with opacifi er powder and taken on a bench scanner for scanning. First the models and then the interocclusal register. Data were processed in the system software for the provisional crown designs and sent to an M5 zirkonzanh milling machine and the crowns milled in a block of acrylic resin. The crowns were installed and the necessary adjustments were made. After the installation of the posterior extensions, new impressions and semi-adjustable articulator assembly were performed to waxup the anterior teeth. Upon patient's approval, veneers were made in light-cured resin in the anterior dental elements. After a year of follow-up the dental implant crowns have favorable aspects and absence of fractures.

Tratamiento Temprano de las Maloclusiones sin Aparatología Funcional: Presentación de Dos Casos Clínicos / Early Malocclusion Treatment without Functional Devices: Presentation of Two Clinical Cases

En el presente artículo se expone un modelo de trabajo basado en la Rehabilitación Neuro-oclusal (RNO) de Pedro Planas (1997) que "se fundamenta en descubrir dónde, cuándo y cómo hay que actuar sobre los centros neurales receptores que proporcionan la respuesta de desarrollo del sistema estomatognático para que, excitándolos fisiológicamente nos proporcionen una respuesta de desarrollo normal y equilibrado". La RNO busca pasar de un plano oclusal patológico a un plano oclusal funcional, cambiando la postura mandibular, permitiendo un crecimiento y desarrollo eugnácico de la cara.Los casos clínicos relatados en el presente trabajo son relativamente comunes en la práctica clínica odontológica y con su presentación se procura enfatizar la importancia del diagnóstico temprano de la maloclusión y de la intervención terapéutica oportuna; prevenir complicaciones y simplificar el tratamiento, favoreciendo el crecimiento y desarrollo morfofuncional equilibrado del paciente, reflejado directamente y positivamente sobre su estética facial. Se ilustran dos casos clínicos, uno en dentición decidua y el otro en dentición mixta temprana de la clínica de prevención y ortopedia de IUCEDDU; fueron propuestos tratamientos con equilibrado oclusal y de pistas directas Planas, haciendo un seguimiento longitudinal de los casos. Los resultados obtenidos en los tratamientos con este método, reafirman nuestras expectativas y confirman que a pesar del uso de una técnica tan simplificada, se obtienen excelentes resultados que evitan o acortan tratamientos funcionales posteriores.

This article outlines a model of Neuro-occlusal rehabilitation (NOR) of Pedro Planas (1997) "it is fundamental to discover where, when and how we must act on the centers neural receptors that provide development of the stomatognathic system response for stimulating them physiologically provide us with a response of normal and balanced development". The NOR seeks to move from a pathological occlusal plane to a functional occlusal plane, changing the mandibular position, allowing growth and development eugnacico of the face. Clinical cases reported in this paper are relatively common in dental clinical practice, and their presentation seeks to emphasize the importance of early diagnosis of malocclusion with the therapeutic intervention; in order to prevent complications and simplify treatment, favoring a balanced morphofunctional growth and development in the patient, directly and positively reflected in their facial aesthetic. Two clinical cases are illustrated; one in deciduous dentition and the other in early mixed dentition, both from the IUCEDDU orthopedics and prevention clinic. Treatments with balanced occlusal and Planas direct tracks, making a longitudinal follow-up of the cases have been proposed. The results obtained in the treatments with this method, reaffirm our expectations and confirm that despite the use such simplified technique; excellent results are obtained that avoid or shorten subsequentfunctional treatment.

Force Finishing and Centering to Balance a Removable Complete Denture Prosthesis Using the T-Scan III Computerized Occlusal Analysis System.

Obtaining bilateral balance of removable complete denture prostheses is the occlusal goal of the restorative dentist or prosthodontist. Despite our best clinical efforts, and the using of advanced mechanical devices like semi-adjustable articulators and face bow transfer mounting of dental casts, it is a struggle to provide accurate occlusal force balance. Some of the advocated reasons for the clinical difficulty of obtaining reliable occlusal balance are that stone casts lack soft tissue resiliency, and articulators only approximate human occlusal functional movements. However, modern technology offers clinicians a digital answer to this clinical force balance problem. It is known as computerized occlusal analysis. The T-Scan III system can be employed with complete removable denture prostheses to perform computer-guided occlusal force-finishing corrective adjustments that measurably improve the installed prosthetic occlusal balance.