Enhanced applications in dentistry through autoclave-assisted sonochemical synthesis of Pb/Ag/Cu trimetallic nanocomposites.

In recent years, researchers have increasingly focused on the development of multiphase trimetallic nanocomposites (TMNC) incorporating ternary metals or metal oxides, which hold significant potential as alternatives for combatting biofilms and bacterial infections. Enhanced oral health is ensured by the innovative techniques used to effectively prevent bacterial adherence and formation of biofilm on dental sutures. In this investigation, TMNC, which consists of Pb, Ag, and Cu, was synthesized using an autoclave-assisted sonochemical technique. Following synthesis, TMNC were characterized using FTIR, XRD, BET, XPS, TGA, and Raman spectroscopy to analyze their shape and microstructure. Subsequent evaluations, including MTT assay, antibacterial activity testing, and biofilm formation analysis, were conducted to assess the efficiency of the synthesized TMNC. Cytotoxicity and anti-human oral squamous cell carcinoma activities of TMNC were evaluated using the Human Oral Cancer cell line (KB) cell line through MTT assay, demonstrating a dose-dependent increase in anti-human oral squamous cell carcinoma activity against the KB cell line compared to the normal cell line, resulting in notably high cell viability. Furthermore, an ultrasonic probe was employed to incorporate TMNC onto dental suturing threads, with different concentrations of TMNC, ultrasonic power levels, and durations considered to determine optimal embedding conditions that result in the highest antibacterial activity. The inhibitory effects of TMNC, both in well diffusion assays and when incorporated into dental suturing threads, against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria on Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA) were assessed using various concentrations of TMNC. The results of the study indicated that the efficacy of TMNC in inhibiting bacterial growth on dental suturing threads remained impressive, even at low concentrations. Moreover, an evaluation of their potential to destabilize biofilms formed by S. aureus and E. coli, the two pathogens in humans, indicated that TMNC would be a promising anti-biofilm agent.

Droplet-based microsystems as novel assessment tools for oral microbial dynamics.

The human microbiome comprises thousands of microbial species that live in and on the body and play critical roles in human health and disease. Recent findings on the interplay among members of the oral microbiome, defined by a personalized set of microorganisms, have elucidated the role of bacteria and yeasts in oral health and diseases including dental caries, halitosis, and periodontal infections. However, the majority of these studies rely on traditional culturing methods which are limited in their ability of replicating the oral microenvironment, and therefore fail to evaluate key microbial interactions in microbiome dynamics. Novel culturing methods have emerged to address this shortcoming. Here, we reviewed the potential of droplet-based microfluidics as an alternative approach for culturing microorganisms and assessing the oral microbiome dynamics. We discussed the state of the art and recent progress in the field of oral microbiology. Although at its infancy, droplet-based microtechnology presents an interesting potential for elucidating oral microbial dynamics and pathophysiology. We highlight how new findings provided by current microfluidic-based methodologies could advance the investigation of the oral microbiome. We anticipate that our work involving the droplet-based microfluidic technique with a semipermeable membrane will lay the foundations for future microbial dynamics studies and further expand the knowledge of the oral microbiome and its implication in oral health.

Deteccion de Mycobacterium tuberculosis por métodos microbiologicos convencionales y caracteristicas del periodonto de un grupo de pacientes con tuberculosis

Objetivo: establecer la importancia del diagnóstico microbiológico de la Tuberculosis. Metodología: 15 pacientes que asistieron al servicio del Hospital Simón Bolívar, Caracas Venezuela, con cuadro clínico presuntivo de Tuberculosis pulmonar fueron estudiados a través del examen en cavidad bucal, radiografía de tórax, Baciloscopía (BK) y método de Petroff, tomando en consideración los signos y síntomas de cada uno de ellos. Resultados: 11 de las 15 muestras de esputo fueron BK (+) y 4 BK (-). Mycobacterium tuberculosis se aisló en 7 de las muestras incluyendo los pacientes que presentaron BK (-). Desde el punto de vista radiográfico, 10 pacientes presentaron lesión bilateral, 4 lesión unilateral y 1 fibrotorax. El examen en cavidad bucal permitió observar enfermedad periodontal de leve a moderada en 14 de los pacientes, 8 de ellos de manera localizada y 6 de manera generalizada. La detección de M. tuberculosis a través del BK sigue siendo un método de importancia para establecer en conjunto con los antecedentes, epidemiología, clínica, radiografía, serología e histopatología del paciente el diagnóstico definitivo de la tuberculosis, sin embargo, la técnica de PCR puede complementar dicho estudio.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, aethiological agent of tuberculosis is a curved, aerobic, non sporulated and non motile rod that is a resistant aganaist dissecation effects. 15 patients were selected in this study who assited to Neumonology service located at Simón Bolívar Hospital, Caracas, Venezuela. These patients who had presuntive lung tuberculosis were studied considering their sings and simthomps. Oral cavities of each patient were studied considering their sings and sinthomps. Oral cavities of each patient were examinated and thorax Rx, Bacilloscopy (BK) and Petroff method were taked from each one in order to detect this rod. Our findings related that 11 out of 15 sputum samples were BK (+) and the other 4 were BK (-). M. tuberculosis was isolated in 7 samples, including BK (-) patients. Radiografically, 10 patients presented bilateral lesion, 4 presented unilateral lesion and 1 fibrothorax. Examination of oral cavities showed that 8 patients presented localizated periodontal disease and 6 presented generalizated periodontal disease. Detection of M. tuberculosis using BK continue to be an important method for identification of this bacteria, considering also epidemiological, clinical, radiographical, serological and histopathological studies in order to establish definitive diagnosis of TBC. Aditionally, Polimerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is an excellent method used to complement identification studies of this microorganism.