Clinicopathological and ultrastructural study of African swine fever outbreak in North-East India.

The present investigation focuses on examining the clinical, histopathological, and ultrastructural changes that occurred in pig, during an outbreak of African swine fever (ASF) in 2022 in Assam, India. The disease initially manifested as a per-acute case with high mortality but without any evident clinical signs. Subsequently, some animals exhibited an acute form of the disease characterized by high fever (104-106 °F), anorexia, vomiting, respiratory distress, and bleeding from the anal and nasal orifices. During acute African swine fever virus (ASFV) infections, elevated levels of pro-inflammatory IL-1α, IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF, CCL2, CCL5, and CXCL10 were detected in the palatine tonsil, lymph nodes, spleen, and kidney using qPCR assay. These molecular changes were associated with haemorrhages, edemas, and lymphoid depletion. Postmortem examinations revealed prominent features such as splenomegaly with haemorrhages, haemorrhagic lymphadenitis, severe petechial haemorrhage in the kidney, pneumonia in the lungs, and necrotic palatine tonsil. Histopathological analysis demonstrated lymphocyte depletion in lymphoid organs, multi-organ haemorrhages, and interstitial pneumonia in the lungs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) further confirmed lymphocyte depletion in lymphoid organs through lymphocyte apoptosis and kidney damage with distorted tubules due to red blood cell destruction. Transmission electron microscopy reaffirmed lymphocyte apoptosis by observing chromatin condensation and nucleus margination in lymphocytes of lymphoid organs. These findings provide comprehensive insights into the clinical, histopathological, and ultrastructural aspects of ASF outbreak in pigs. Understanding the pathological changes associated with ASF can contribute to improved diagnosis, prevention, and control measures for this highly contagious and economically devastating viral disease.

Intracholecystic Papillary-tubular Neoplasm (ICPN) of the Gallbladder: A Case Report Focusing on an Unexpected Pathological Finding.

BACKGROUND: Intracholecystic papillary neoplasms (ICPNs) represent a rare benign entity characterized by intraluminal polypoid lesions in the gallbladder. The incidence of ICPNs ranges from 0.4% to 0.61% in all gallbladder specimens. CASE PRESENTATION: In this report, we present a case of a young Caucasian woman who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to gallbladder polyps. The histological examination revealed the presence of an intracholecystic papillary neoplasm (ICPN) with a tubulopapillary growth pattern, exhibiting gastric morphology and displaying both low and high-grade dysplasia. A thorough review of the existing literature was conducted, with a specific focus on the histological features. CONCLUSION: A comprehensive understanding of neoplastic polyps of the gallbladder is still limited. Pathological examination of these lesions is crucial for identifying key features that can influence patient outcomes and survival.

Co-infections of Aeromonas veronii and Nocardia seriolae in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).

Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) is an important commercial fish species that is widely cultured throughout China. With the application of high-density culture, M. salmoides is usually infected by different pathogens in water. Particularly, co-infection with multiple pathogens was common, which has considerably outweighed the impact caused by single infections. In this research, two bacteria strains were isolated from diseased fish by incubating on brain heart infusion agar. According to the results of 16S rRNA and gyrB sequence, as well as the analysis of morphological, physiological and biochemical features, the isolated bacterial strains were finally identified as Aeromonas veronii and Nocardia seriolae, respectively. In addition, eight virulence genes related to pathogenicity including enterotoxin, lipase, elastase, quorum sensing, hemolysin and adhesion were identified in A. veronii isolate and eight virulence genes encoding mammalian cell entry family proteins, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mycolyltransferase, nitrate reductase subunits, and putative cytotoxin/hemolysin were detected in N. seriolae isolate. Drug sensitivity testing indicated that both A. veronii and N. seriolae isolates were susceptible to kanamycin, streptomycin, gentamycin, neomycin, doxycycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, and resistant to amikacin, cefpimizole, ampicillin, piperacillin, carbenicillin, oxacillin, rifampicin, trimethoprim, vancomycin, meropenem, imipenem and sulfisoxazole. Moreover, serious histopathological changes, such as typical granulomas with necrotic center, cell degeneration and necrosis, hemorrhage and inflammatory cell infiltration, were found in the naturally diseased fish. The LD50 of A. veronii and N. seriolae isolates were 7.94 × 105 CFU/g and 3.16 × 106 CFU/g fish weight, respectively. In addition, the coinfection of A. veronii and N. seriolae induce quick and higher mortality in comparison with those challenged by single bacteria. These results revealed that both A. veronii and N. seriolae participated in the disease outbreaks of the M. salmoides, and concurrent of those two bacteria synergistically exacerbate the disease severity.

Environmental pollution, a hidden culprit for health issues.

The environmental and health impacts from the massive discharge of chemicals and subsequent pollution have been gaining increasing public concern. The unintended exposure to different pollutants, such as heavy metals, air pollutants and organic chemicals, may cause diverse deleterious effects on human bodies, resulting in the incidence and progression of different diseases. The article reviewed the outbreak of environmental pollution-related public health emergencies, the epidemiological evidence on certain pollution-correlated health effects, and the pathological studies on specific pollutant exposure. By recalling the notable historical life-threatening disasters incurred by local chemical pollution, the damning evidence was presented to criminate certain pollutants as the main culprit for the given health issues. The epidemiological data on the prevalence of some common diseases revealed a variety of environmental pollutants to blame, such as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), fine particulate matters (PMs) and heavy metals. The retrospection of toxicological studies provided illustrative clues for evaluating ambient pollutant-induced health risks. Overall, environmental pollution, as the hidden culprit, should answer for the increasing public health burden, and more efforts are highly encouraged to strive to explore the cause-and-effect relationships through extensive epidemiological and pathological studies.

[Composition and histopathological features of prostatic calculi in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the composition of prostatic calculus in patients with BPH and explore its pathogenic factors and histopathological characteristics. METHODS: Strictly following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we included in this retrospective study 580 cases of bipolar transurethral plasma kinetic prostatectomy (TUPKP) performed in our hospital from May 2015 to May 2019, analyzed the histopathological and calculus-composition features of the patients with BPH complicated by prostatic calculi (the BPH+PC group) and the histopathological data of those with BPH only (the BPH group). We compared the related factors between the two groups of patients and performed uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyses of the data on those in the BPH+PC group. RESULTS: The incidence rate of chronic inflammation was significantly higher in the BPH+PC than in the BPH group (83.1% vs 61.1%, P < 0.05), 90% of the cases moderate to severe and 81% with inflammatory cells mainly distributed in the prostate gland in the BPH+PC group, and 74% with inflammatory cells chiefly distributed in the prostate gland and stroma in the BPH group, with statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Prostatic calculi were found in 302 (52.1%) of the patients, including 71 cases of simple calculi (23.5%) and 231 cases of mixed calculi (76.5%). As for the chemical composition, calcium oxalate was detected in 212 cases (70.2%), carbonate apatite in 206 (68.2%), magnesium ammonium phosphate in 158 (52.3%), and uric acid calculi in 19 (6.3%). The calculus composition was not correlated with the age of the patients. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups of patients in age, prostate volume and IPSS (P < 0.05), but not in the PSA level, postvoid residual urine volume (PRV) or maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) (P > 0.05). Logistic regression analyses showed that prostatic calculus was significantly correlated with chronic inflammation of the prostate, the patient's age and IPSS (P < 0.05) but not with the PSA level, PRV or Qmax (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Prostatic calculus has a high incidence in BPH patients and varies widely in composition, chiefly consisting of calcium oxalate and carbonate apatite. The major factors contributing to prostatic calculi include chronic inflammation of the prostate (primarily the severe type), age and BPH. Prostate calculi may aggravate lower urinary tract symptoms, especially urinary storage symptoms, in patients with BPH, but not significantly affect the PSA level.？.

Composition and histopathological features of prostatic calculi in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To analyze the composition of prostatic calculus in patients with BPH and explore its pathogenic factors and histopathological characteristics.@*METHODS@#Strictly following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we included in this retrospective study 580 cases of bipolar transurethral plasma kinetic prostatectomy (TUPKP) performed in our hospital from May 2015 to May 2019, analyzed the histopathological and calculus-composition features of the patients with BPH complicated by prostatic calculi (the BPH+PC group) and the histopathological data of those with BPH only (the BPH group). We compared the related factors between the two groups of patients and performed uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyses of the data on those in the BPH+PC group.@*RESULTS@#The incidence rate of chronic inflammation was significantly higher in the BPH+PC than in the BPH group (83.1% vs 61.1%, P 0.05). Logistic regression analyses showed that prostatic calculus was significantly correlated with chronic inflammation of the prostate, the patient's age and IPSS (P 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Prostatic calculus has a high incidence in BPH patients and varies widely in composition, chiefly consisting of calcium oxalate and carbonate apatite. The major factors contributing to prostatic calculi include chronic inflammation of the prostate (primarily the severe type), age and BPH. Prostate calculi may aggravate lower urinary tract symptoms, especially urinary storage symptoms, in patients with BPH, but not significantly affect the PSA level.？.

Danio rerio as an alternative vertebrate model for jellyfish venom study: The toxinological aspects of Nemopilema nomurai venom.

Nemopilema nomurai venom (NnV) is severely toxic to many organisms. However, the mechanism of its poisoning has not been properly understood yet. The present work demonstrates that zebrafish (Danio rerio) is an alternative vertebrate model for studying NnV jellyfish venom for the first time. In this model, NnV appears to cause severe hemorrhage and inflammation in cardiopulmonary regions of zebrafish. NnV also altered the swimming behavior of zebrafish accompanied by a significant downregulation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in brain tissues. Histopathological changes observed for various organs of D. rerio caused by NnV corresponded to an increase in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in tissues. NnV also significantly altered glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in cardiopulmonary and brain tissues of D. rerio. SDS-PAGE revealed many protein bands of NnV of various sizes after silver staining. Taken together, these results indicate that Danio rerio can be a useful alternative animal model for jellyfish venom toxicology studies. Findings of the present study also suggest that Danio rerio could be used to develop an effective treatment strategy and discover the mechanism of action of jellyfish venom envenomation.

Factors Affecting Prognosis of Patients With Osteoblastoma of the Mobile Spine: A Long-Term Follow-up Study of 70 Patients in a Single Center.

BACKGROUND: Osteoblastoma (OBL) in the mobile spine is a benign tumor with aggressive potential. There is not much published information on OBL of the mobile spine as a result of rarity of the disease. There are controversies over the aggressive subtype and prognostic factors of the condition. OBJECTIVE: To explore the aggressive subtype and investigate prognostic factors of OBLs in the mobile spine. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of spinal OBL was performed by survival analysis. Patients in 2 cohorts were analyzed based on the Enneking grade and pathological evaluation. Local recurrence-free survival (RFS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method to identify potential prognostic factors. Factors with P ≤ .05 were subjected to multivariate analysis by Cox regression analysis. P ≤ .05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Included in this study were 70 patients with spinal OBL who were followed up by a mean of 67.1 mo (range 24-188). Local recurrence was detected in 9 cases after initial surgery, and death occurred in 2 cases. The result of statistical analysis suggested that Epithelioid OBL (EO) with Enneking stage 3 (St.3) and total spondylectomy were independent prognostic factors for RFS. CONCLUSION: St.3 or EO lesions seem to be more aggressive than St.2 or conventional osteoblastomas, but St.3 and EO should be considered simultaneously in predicting the aggressiveness of the lesion and the risk of recurrence. Total spondylectomy performed either by en bloc or piecemeal could significantly reduce recurrence of OBLs in the mobile spine.

Antemortem volume loss mirrors TDP-43 staging in older adults with non-frontotemporal lobar degeneration.

Over the past decade, the transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) has been recognized as a major protein in normal and pathological ageing, increasing the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. In conditions distinct from the frontotemporal lobar degenerations, TDP-43 appears to progress in a stereotypical pattern. In the present study, we aimed at providing a better understanding of the effects of TDP-43 and other age-related neuropathologies on cross-sectional grey matter volume in a cohort of non-FTLD subjects. We included 407 individuals with an antemortem MRI and post-mortem brain tissue from the Mayo Clinic Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Mayo Clinic Alzheimer's Disease Patient Registry, or the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. All individuals were assigned pathological stages for TDP-43, tau, amyloid-ß, Lewy bodies, argyrophilic grain disease and vascular pathologies. Robust regressions were performed in regions of interest and voxel-wise to explore the relationships between TDP-43 stages and grey matter volume while controlling for other pathologies. Grey matter volumes adjusted for pathological and demographic variables were also computed for each TDP-43-positive case to further characterize the sequential involvement of brain structures associated with TDP-43, irrespective of the TDP-43 staging scheme. Robust regressions showed that the extent of TDP-43 pathology was associated with the extent of grey matter atrophy. Specifically, we found that the volume in medial temporal regions (i.e. amygdala, entorhinal cortex, hippocampus) decreased progressively with advancing TDP-43 stages. Importantly, these effects were of similar magnitude to those related to tau stages. Additional analyses using adjusted grey matter volume demonstrated a sequential pattern of volume loss associated with TDP-43, starting within the medial temporal lobe, followed by early involvement of the temporal pole, and eventually encompassing additional temporal and frontal regions. Altogether, this study demonstrates the major and independent contribution of TDP-43 pathology on neurodegeneration and provides further insight into the regional distribution of TDP-43 in non-FTLD subjects. Along with previous studies, these findings emphasized the importance of targeting TDP-43 in future clinical trials to prevent its detrimental effect on grey matter volume and, eventually, cognition.

Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome associated with olfactory neuroblastoma: acquirement of adrenocorticotropic hormone expression during disease course as shown by serial immunohistochemistry examinations.

Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) syndrome (EAS) is a condition of endogenous hypercortisolism sustained by an extrapituitary ACTH-secreting tumor. Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a rare malignant neoplasm of the sinonasal tract and is derived from the olfactory epithelium. Because the paranasal sinus is not a common site of EAS, the development of ONB in patients with EAS is rare. We herein report the first known case of ONB with acquirement of ACTH production during the clinical course as proven by immunohistochemistry. A 50-year-old man diagnosed with ONB was referred to our department in July 2015 because of hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, decreased eosinophil and granulocyte counts, and elevated serum levels of ACTH and cortisol. Although two previous ONB biopsy specimens (2011 and 2014) showed no ACTH immunoreactivity, a newly obtained specimen in August 2015 clearly showed ACTH immunoreactivity. This is the first case of ectopic ACTH syndrome associated with an ONB that acquired the ability to express ACTH during its clinical course as shown by serial immunohistochemical examinations.

Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy: a clinical and pathological study of 19 cases in a single institution.

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical and pathological features of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy. METHOD: The clinical and pathological data of 19 cases of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy were retrieved and reviewed from the medical records in Children's Hospital of Fudan University. RESULTS: There were 13 boys and 6 girls. The age interval was from 16 days to 7 months, and the average age was 2.71 ± 2.23 months. The blood glucose concentrations ranged from 0.57 to 3.0 mmol/L (average value 1.60 ± 0.75 mmol/L) and the serum insulin concentrations ranged from 3.1 to 79.4 uIU/ml (average value 27.89 ± 21.81 uIU/ml) at the time of one week before operation. The size of lesion was between 2 cm to 6.5 cm in maximum diameter (average value 4.04 ± 1.18 cm). 19 cases were divided into three types according to the pathological classification criteria: focal type (1 case), diffuse type (17 cases) and atypical type (1 case). The enucleation of the nodule was given for the patient of focal type and subtotal pancreatectomy was administrated for diffuse and atypical type patients. The blood glucose concentrations ranged from 3.0 to 12.4 mmol/L (average value 6.21 ± 2.69 mmol/L) at the time of one month after operation. The difference between the preoperative blood glucose concentrations and the postoperative blood glucose concentrations was statistically significant (1.6037 ± 0.7458 mmol/L vs. 6.2105 ± 2.6882 mmol/L, P<0.05). Insulin was positive for the multiple pancreatic islets, and the ki-67 index was between 5% and 8%. P57(kip2) was negative. 19 patients were followed up for a period of 2 to 38 months. 13 cases recovered well without any complications, and 6 cases had postoperative hyperglycemia and need a medication to control the blood glucose concentrations. CONCLUSION: Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy mainly occurred in infants. Boys had the predominance and the most common pathological type was the diffuse type. The different surgical methods (focal type with lesion enucleation, diffuse and atypical type with subtotal pancreatectomy), were effective for different patients, and most of patients had a good prognosis. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment to maintain euglycemia remained the mainstay of management to prevent postoperative complications. Therefore, the correct pathological classification could help clinicians to find effective treatment and improve the outcome.

Progress of the pathological study of dry eye / 基础医学与临床

Dry eye is one of the common chronic disease of ocular surface characterized by the stability of tear film decrease and ocular surface lesion .The change of tear film and the inflammatory reaction which based on immune and the neural regulation abnormality are the important factors in the occurrence , development of dry eye .Alterations in gene structure has become a new research direction , also computer image processing techniques and detection tech-niques of molecular biology gradually have been applying in research and diagnosis of dry eye .

Predominant palmoplantar lichen planus: a diagnostic challenge.

BACKGROUND: Palmoplantar lesions in lichen planus (LP) are uncommon. In such cases, diagnosis is usually missed. This study was conducted to document various clinical and histopathological features of palmoplantar LP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 18 patients from our outpatient department with lesions of LP, either predominantly or exclusively on palms and/or soles were studied. Patients with history of drug intake in recent past and patients with classical acute widespread LP with a few lesions on palms or soles were excluded. In each patient, diagnosis was made on clinicopathological correlation. Various clinical and histopathological features were analyzed. RESULTS: Average age of onset was 38 years. Male: female ratio was 1:0.6 and average disease duration was 11 months. Exclusive palm or sole involvement was seen in 4/18 patients. Itching was the most common symptom. Clinically the most common variant was hypertrophic. Histologically presence of parakeratosis, spongiosis, lack of melanophages, and lack of hypergranulosis in some cases was seen in addition to classical features of LP. In 3 out of 4 patients with exclusive palmoplantar involvement diagnosis of LP was missed clinically. CONCLUSION: Involvement of palms and soles in LP poses a diagnostic challenge due to variable presentations. Histopathology is of vital importance for correct diagnosis and treatment.

Carcinoma de células renales: estadificación prequirúrgica por tomografía computada y su analogía con la anatomía patológica / Renal cell carcinoma: preoperative staging by computed tomography and its analogy to pathology

Objetivo. Evaluar la correlación entre la estadificación preoperatoria de los carcinomas de células renales usando tomografía computada y los resultados anatomopatológicos de la pieza operatoria. Materiales y Métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio retrospectivo entre los años 2005 y 2011, tomando un total de 40 pacientes con diagnóstico presuntivo de carcinoma de células renales (CCR) del Servicio de Urología, que habían sido sometidos a nefrectomía total o parcial. Se compararon diferentes parámetros del estudio imagenológico (tomografía computada) y anatomopatológico de cada paciente y se evaluó qué reciprocidad existía entre la estadificación pre y posoperatoria según el TNM. Resultados. Los datos obtenidos mediante el estudio anatomopatológico de la pieza operatoria mostraron 28 lesiones limitadas al riñón (estadios T1 y T2), 3 lesiones con extensión perirrenal y a la vena renal (estadio T3a), 7 lesiones con compromiso de la vena cava (estadio T3b) y 2 lesiones con extensión más allá de la fascia de Gerota (estadio T4). Se encontró una fuerza de concordancia casi perfecta entre la estadificación tomográfica y anatomopatológica (kappa = 0,87) con respecto al criterio T del TNM. Sólo 2 T1b (por estudio anatomopatológico) fueron sobrediagnosticados como T2 (según tomografía computada) y 2 T3b (según estudio anatomopatológico) se subdiagnosticaron como T3a (según tomografía computada). Conclusión. La tomografía computada proporciona una buena delimitación y caracterización del carcinoma de células renales. El nivel de concordancia con el patrón de referencia más fiable (anatomía patológica) resultó casi perfecto (k = 0,87) para la estadificación del estadio T.(AU)

Objective. To evaluate the correlation between the preoperative staging of renal cell carcinoma by computed tomography (CT) and histopathologic results of the surgical specimen. Materials and Methods. A retrospective study has been carried out in a total of 40 patients from our urology department with suspected diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who had undergone total or partial nephrectomy between 2005 and 2011. We compared different parameters of imaging (CT) and pathological studies of each patient and assessed the reciprocal relationship between pre-and postoperative staging according to TNM. Results. Data obtained by pathological examination of the resected specimen showed 28 lesions limited to the kidney (stages T1 and T2), 3 lesions with perirenal extension and renal vein (stage T3a), 7 lesions with involvement of the vena cava (stage T3b) and 2 lesions with extension beyond Gerotas fascia (stage T4). We found an almost perfect strength of agreement between tomographic and pathologic staging (kappa = 0.87), with respect to T of the TNM criteria. Only two T1b (by pathological study) were overdiagnosed as T2 (by computed tomography) and two T3b (by pathological study) were underdiagnosed as T3a (by CT). Conclusion. Computed tomography provides a good delineation and characterization of renal cell carcinoma. The level of agreement with the most reliable reference standard (pathological study) was almost perfect (k = 0.87) for the staging of T stage.(AU)

Carcinoma de células renales: estadificación prequirúrgica por tomografía computada y su analogía con la anatomía patológica / Renal cell carcinoma: preoperative staging by computed tomography and its analogy to pathology

Objetivo. Evaluar la correlación entre la estadificación preoperatoria de los carcinomas de células renales usando tomografía computada y los resultados anatomopatológicos de la pieza operatoria. Materiales y Métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio retrospectivo entre los años 2005 y 2011, tomando un total de 40 pacientes con diagnóstico presuntivo de carcinoma de células renales (CCR) del Servicio de Urología, que habían sido sometidos a nefrectomía total o parcial. Se compararon diferentes parámetros del estudio imagenológico (tomografía computada) y anatomopatológico de cada paciente y se evaluó qué reciprocidad existía entre la estadificación pre y posoperatoria según el TNM. Resultados. Los datos obtenidos mediante el estudio anatomopatológico de la pieza operatoria mostraron 28 lesiones limitadas al riñón (estadios T1 y T2), 3 lesiones con extensión perirrenal y a la vena renal (estadio T3a), 7 lesiones con compromiso de la vena cava (estadio T3b) y 2 lesiones con extensión más allá de la fascia de Gerota (estadio T4). Se encontró una fuerza de concordancia casi perfecta entre la estadificación tomográfica y anatomopatológica (kappa = 0,87) con respecto al criterio T del TNM. Sólo 2 T1b (por estudio anatomopatológico) fueron sobrediagnosticados como T2 (según tomografía computada) y 2 T3b (según estudio anatomopatológico) se subdiagnosticaron como T3a (según tomografía computada). Conclusión. La tomografía computada proporciona una buena delimitación y caracterización del carcinoma de células renales. El nivel de concordancia con el patrón de referencia más fiable (anatomía patológica) resultó casi perfecto (k = 0,87) para la estadificación del estadio T.

Objective. To evaluate the correlation between the preoperative staging of renal cell carcinoma by computed tomography (CT) and histopathologic results of the surgical specimen. Materials and Methods. A retrospective study has been carried out in a total of 40 patients from our urology department with suspected diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who had undergone total or partial nephrectomy between 2005 and 2011. We compared different parameters of imaging (CT) and pathological studies of each patient and assessed the reciprocal relationship between pre-and postoperative staging according to TNM. Results. Data obtained by pathological examination of the resected specimen showed 28 lesions limited to the kidney (stages T1 and T2), 3 lesions with perirenal extension and renal vein (stage T3a), 7 lesions with involvement of the vena cava (stage T3b) and 2 lesions with extension beyond Gerota's fascia (stage T4). We found an almost perfect strength of agreement between tomographic and pathologic staging (kappa = 0.87), with respect to T of the TNM criteria. Only two T1b (by pathological study) were overdiagnosed as T2 (by computed tomography) and two T3b (by pathological study) were underdiagnosed as T3a (by CT). Conclusion. Computed tomography provides a good delineation and characterization of renal cell carcinoma. The level of agreement with the most reliable reference standard (pathological study) was almost perfect (k = 0.87) for the staging of T stage.

Effect of preoperative regional artery chemotherapy on gastric carcinoma / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To evaluate the effects of preoperative regional artery chemotherapy (PRACT) on gastric carcinoma. Methods Celiac arteriography was performed by transfemoral artery catheter according to Seldinger's method and superselective catheterization proceeded to the supplying artery of focus of lesion. Antineoplastic agents of Fluorodeoxyuridine (FUDR)(0.8 g/m 2), epirubicin(40 mg/m 2), oxaliplatin(80 mg/m 2) were infused into regional artery by a single administration. The specimens from 14 cases of gastric carcinoma(GC) who received PRACT were separated into pre operation group and post operation group. Both microscopic study to observe the necrosis of cancer cell and TUNEL(TdT mediated dUTP nick end labeling) method to detect the state of apoptosis were performed respectively in the two groups. Correlation of apoptosis index (AI) between the two groups, as well as correlation between the situation of necrotic tumor cell and the blood vessel, was analyzed. Results The severity of the necrosis of tumor cell was significantly higher in the PRACT group than that in the untreated group ( P

A PATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF BENIGN AND MALIGNANT TUMOURS OF SALIVARY GLANDS.

Interest in the knowledge of salivary gland tumours is highlighted. A sample of 315 cases, collected over a period of 25 years in a busy pathology centre, is analysed both on total and individual aspects of tumours. The findings are compared to earlier works on the subject and also with contemporary literature.

Immunohistochemical Study of Gliomas using Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein(GFAP), S-100 Protein, and Neurofilament

Immunohistochemical study of gliomas was maed using the indirect Avidin-Biotin Complex(ABC) method in order to investigate the presence and patterns of distribution of GFAP, neurofilament, and S-100 protein in 37 cases of human gliomas. Generally, two immunostaining patterns were observed; perikaryal and diffuse fibrillary background staining. All of the glial tumor cases were stained positively for GFAP except for the 3 oligodendrogliomas. The S-100 protein was sensitive for all the glial tumors and for neurofilament, in about half of the cases. These observations support previous reports that GFAP is specific for astrocytes, and that S-100 protein is sensitive, but not specific for glial tumors. Furthermore, our data suggest that immunostaining patterns of G.M. is different from that of astrocytoma grad II and III.