RESUMO
Abstract Introduction: The vision of cannabis as a soft drug is due to the low risk perception that young and old people have of the drug. This perception is based on erroneous beliefs that people have about the drug. Objective: To compare the beliefs of cannabis use and consequences among adolescents with a lifetime prevalence of cannabis use and those without a lifetime prevalence of cannabis use. Method: Quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study with a probability sample of 156 high school students who completed an ad-hoc questionnaire that included sociodemographic data and 22 questions about the beliefs that young people had about cannabis use and its consequences. Results : The lifetime prevalence of cannabis use was 13.5%. The prevalence group consisted mostly of males. Statistically significant differences between different groups and different beliefs were found. The group with no lifetime prevalence of cannabis use perceived higher risk as regards the damage that cannabis can cause to memory, other cognitive functions, neurons, mental health, and general health. The group with a lifetime prevalence of cannabis use perceived a lower risk as regards the use of cannabis, and think that intelligent people smoke cannabis, and that cannabis has positive effects on the brain, increasing creativity and is used to cure mental diseases. Conclusions: Those who used cannabis once in their life perceive the use of the substance as less harmful or less potential danger to health compared to those who never consumed. In fact those who consumed at some time even have beliefs that suggest positive effects in those people that consume it.
Resumen Introducción: La visión del cannabis como una droga blanda responde a una baja percepción de riesgo que jóvenes y adultos tienen de la droga; esta percepción se funda en creencias erróneas acerca de la droga. Objetivo: Comparar las creencias acerca del cannabis, su uso y sus consecuencias en adolescentes con prevalencia de vida de uso de cannabis y aquellos sin prevalencia de vida de uso de cannabis. Método: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal que evaluó una muestra probabilística de 156 estudiantes de enseñanza secundaria con un instrumento ad-hoc que incluyó datos sociodemográficos y 22 preguntas acerca de las creencias que tienen los jóvenes sobre cannabis, su uso y sus consecuencias. Resultados: Se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los diferentes grupos y las diferentes creencias. El grupo sin prevalencia de vida de uso de cannabis percibe mayor riesgo del daño que puede ocasionar el cannabis en la memoria, otras funciones cognitivas, las neuronas, la salud mental y la salud general. El grupo de prevalencia de vida de uso de cannabis percibe menos riesgo del uso de cannabis y piensa que la gente inteligente fuma cannabis, que el cannabis tiene efectos positivos para el cerebro, que aumenta la creatividad y que se utiliza para curar enfermedades mentales. Conclusiones: Quienes consumieron cannabis alguna vez en la vida perciben el uso de la sustancia como menos nocivo o con menor potencial de peligrosidad para la salud que quienes nunca consumieron. De hecho quienes consumieron alguna vez incluso tienen creencias que sugieren efectos positivos en los seres humanos que consumen.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Cannabis , Saúde Mental , Estudantes/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Cognição , Cérebro , Uso da Maconha , NeurôniosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The vision of cannabis as a soft drug is due to the low risk perception that young and old people have of the drug. This perception is based on erroneous beliefs that people have about the drug. OBJECTIVE: To compare the beliefs of cannabis use and consequences among adolescents with a lifetime prevalence of cannabis use and those without a lifetime prevalence of cannabis use. METHOD: Quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study with a probability sample of 156 high school students who completed an ad-hoc questionnaire that included sociodemographic data and 22 questions about the beliefs that young people had about cannabis use and its consequences. RESULTS: The lifetime prevalence of cannabis use was 13.5%. The prevalence group consisted mostly of males. Statistically significant differences between different groups and different beliefs were found. The group with no lifetime prevalence of cannabis use perceived higher risk as regards the damage that cannabis can cause to memory, other cognitive functions, neurons, mental health, and general health. The group with a lifetime prevalence of cannabis use perceived a lower risk as regards the use of cannabis, and think that intelligent people smoke cannabis, and that cannabis has positive effects on the brain, increasing creativity. and is used to cure mental diseases. CONCLUSIONS: Those who used cannabis once in their life perceive the use of the substance as less harmful or less potential danger to health compared to those who never consumed. In fact those who consumed at some time even have beliefs that suggest positive effects in those people that consume it.
Assuntos
Cognição/efeitos dos fármacos , Fumar Maconha/epidemiologia , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fumar Maconha/psicologia , Prevalência , Fatores Sexuais , Estudantes/psicologia , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Introducción. El consumo de drogas legales se ha elevado en México debido a un conjunto de razones, entre las que destaca la baja percepción de riesgo; por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer la prevalencia de consumo de alcohol y tabaco en los estudiantes de la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad Veracruzana y su relación con la percepción de riesgo. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal, observacional y analítico, en el cual se utilizó un muestreo aleatorio estratificado probabilístico, y un instrumento que midió la prevalen-cia de consumo y la percepción de riesgo mediante tres indicadores: percepción sobre el riesgo del consumo, gravedad del problema en la universidad y posibles respuestas de las autoridades de la Facultad de Psicología ante el problema. Resultados. Participaron 92 estudiantes (73 % mujeres y 27 % hombres), con una edad promedio de 22 años. El fumar una cajetilla de cigarrillos al día fue considerado "muy peligroso" por el 96 %, mientras que 4 % dijo que es "medianamente peligroso". En cuanto a la intoxicación alcohólica (emborracharse), 75 % lo consideró "muy peligroso", 22 %, que era "medianamente peligroso" y 3 % afirmó que es "poco peligroso". Conclusiones. El estudio no logró demostrar una relación significativa entre el consumo de alcohol y tabaco, y la percepción de riesgo de los estudiantes.
Introduction: The use of legal drugs has risen in Mexico due to a number of reasons among which, low perception of risk stands out. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of alcohol and tobacco in students of the faculty of Psychology in the Universidad Veracruzana and its relation to risk perception. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional, observational, and analytic study using probability strati-fied random sampling was carried out, and an instrument that measured the prevalence of use and risk perception through the following three indicators was used: the indicators were perception of use risk, seriousness of the problem in the university, possible responses from the authorities of the School of Psychology to this problem. Results: Ninety two students participated (73% women and 27% men) average age 22 years. To smoke a pack of cigarettes a day was considered «very dangerous¼ by 96%, while 4% considered it to be «moderately dangerous¼; in regards to alcohol intoxication (drunkenness), 75% consider it «very dangerous¼, 22% "moderately dangerous" and only 3% declared it to be "slightly dangerous". Conclusions: This study was unable to demonstrate a significant relation between the use of alcohol and tobacco and the risk perception among students.
