Efectividad de la intervención motora temprana en el desarrollo motor de los niños con parálisis cerebral entre 3 y 5 años de edad. Revisión sistemática / Effectiveness of early motor interventions in children with cerebral palsy between 3 to 5 years of age: Systematic review

La intervención motora temprana es esencial en niños con parálisis cerebral; sin embargo, se desconoce su efectividad entre los 3 y los 5años. El objetivo fue determinar la efectividad de la intervención motora temprana en el desarrollo motor de dicha población. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura acerca de intervenciones motoras tempranas realizada en diferentes bases de datos como Pubmed/Medline, PEDro, OTSeeker, Embase y LILACS. Finalmente se seleccionaron 18 artículos, de los cuales 4 presentaron cambios a favor del grupo experimental en los desenlaces desarrollo motor global y función motora manual, con la terapia de integración sensorial y la terapia de movimiento inducido por restricción, respectivamente; no obstante, los resultados no fueron estadísticamente significativos y el nivel de evidencia fue bajo. La intervención motora temprana podría incluirse con precaución para la mejoría del desarrollo motor global y la función manual. Es necesario realizar estudios de mayor calidad metodológica. (AU)

Early motor intervention is essential in children with cerebral palsy; however, it is unknown its effectiveness between 3 to 5years. The objective was to determinate the effectiveness of early motor intervention in the motor development of this population. A systematic literature search was performed in Pubmed/Medline, PEDro, OTSeeker, Embase, and LILACS. Finally, 18 articles were selected, of which 4 showed favorable changes in the experimental group in the outcomes of overall motor development and manual motor function, with sensory integration therapy and movement-induced restriction therapy, respectively; however, the results were not statistically significant, and the level of evidence was low. Early motor intervention could be cautiously considered for improving overall motor development and manual function. Higher-quality methodological studies are necessary. (AU)

[Effectiveness of early motor interventions in children with cerebral palsy between 3 to 5years of age: Systematic review]. / Efectividad de la intervención motora temprana en el desarrollo motor de los niños con parálisis cerebral entre 3 y 5años de edad. Revisión sistemática.

Early motor intervention is essential in children with cerebral palsy; however, it is unknown its effectiveness between 3 to 5years. The objective was to determinate the effectiveness of early motor intervention in the motor development of this population. A systematic literature search was performed in Pubmed/Medline, PEDro, OTSeeker, Embase, and LILACS. Finally, 18 articles were selected, of which 4 showed favorable changes in the experimental group in the outcomes of overall motor development and manual motor function, with sensory integration therapy and movement-induced restriction therapy, respectively; however, the results were not statistically significant, and the level of evidence was low. Early motor intervention could be cautiously considered for improving overall motor development and manual function. Higher-quality methodological studies are necessary.

Clinicians' perspectives and usage of rehabilitation technology: a survey.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate clinicians' perspectives regarding their usage of rehabilitation technology in their day-to-day practice and uncover the factors that impact clinicians' use of rehabilitation technology in their daily practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An online survey was used to gather cross-sectional data from American occupational therapists, occupational therapy assistants, physical therapists, physical therapy assistants, and speech language pathologists. This survey used Likert-scale, multiple choice, and free-response questions. RESULTS: Approximately half (n = 56/105, 53.3%) of our clinicians reported using rehabilitation in their daily practice. Less than 20% (n = 18/105, 17.1%) of the respondents strongly agreed that they felt comfortable implementing new rehabilitation technology, and few reported that their workplace encouraged (n = 16/85, 18.8%) or strongly encouraged (n = 14/85, 16.5%) the use of rehabilitation technology in practice. Additionally, excluding the 2011-2020 graduate clinicians that reported that they had not learned about rehabilitation technology in school or fieldwork, few reported feeling prepared (n = 14/97, 14.4%) or very prepared (n = 4/97, 4.1%) to use rehabilitation technology after graduation. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings have revealed a sizable knowledge-to-practice gap in regard to clinicians' preparedness to engage with and advocate for rehabilitation technology in their day-to-day practice.

There is a great need for more robust educational instruction at the scholastic level for students in order to prepare future clinicians to engage with rehabilitation technology in the field.For practicing professionals in the workplace, in-service training, clear training protocols, and technology support for clinicians are needed to remediate the current knowledge-to-practice gap.

The impact of guided self-study on knowledge and skills in Swiss pre-clinical physiotherapy students - a feasibility study protocol.

Physiotherapy education in Europe must incorporate self-study units in the curriculum due to the bologna reform. Studies investigating the impact of guided self-study (G-SS) on knowledge and skills in pre-clinical Swiss physiotherapy students are scarce. This study protocol describes a prospective randomized feasibility education study that will primarily examine the feasibility of establishing G-SS using retired physiotherapists as tutors in undergraduate physiotherapy students at the Bern University of Applied Sciences, School of Health Professions. Secondary objective will be to evaluate the effectiveness of six G-SS cycles with retired physiotherapists as tutors on knowledge and skills of pre-clinical undergraduate physiotherapy students. Students of the physiotherapy degree course will be allocated into a G-SS group or control group (CG). G-SS consists of an 8-day cycle. Feasibility outcome are the fidelity of implementation that include exposure dosage and students' responsiveness, and the degree of acceptability. Success criteria of feasibility are (1) exposure dosage calculated as the number of 90-min presentations that are conducted, and the content of cases and competences and (2) students' responsiveness, with at least a 83% willingness to participate. Acceptability of intervention from the undergraduate students' perspective will be evaluated by a questionnaire with open, semi-structured questions (post intervention). This study will provide new information regarding the feasibility of embedding G-SS in the curriculum and about the students' responsiveness and their acceptability for G-SS. Study protocol version 1 Trial registration: German Register of Clinical Studies (DKRS: DRKS00015518).

Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with low back pain in primary and secondary care settings in Southern Denmark.

OBJECTIVE: To describe and compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with acute or chronic low back pain across all health care settings treating this condition.Design and setting: Concurrent prospective survey registration of all consecutive consultations regarding low back pain at general practitioners, chiropractors, physiotherapists, and the secondary care spine centre in Southern Denmark. SUBJECTS: Patients ≥16 years of age with low back pain. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Demographic characteristics, symptoms, and clinical findings were registered and descriptively analysed. Pearson's chi-square tested differences between the populations in the four settings. Multiple logistic regression assessed the odds of consulting specific settings, and t-test assessed differences between patients attending for a first and later consultation. RESULTS: Thirty-six general practitioners, 44 chiropractors, 74 physiotherapists, and 35 secondary care Spine Centre personnel provided information on 5645 consultations, including 1462 first-visit consultations. The patients differed significantly across the settings. Patients at the Spine Centre had the most severe symptoms and signs and were most often on sick leave. Compared to the other populations, the chiropractor population was younger, whereas the physiotherapist population was older, more often females, and had prolonged symptoms. In general practice, first-time consultations were with milder cases while patients who attended for a second or later consultation had the worst symptoms, findings, and risk of sick leave compared to the other primary care settings. CONCLUSION: The demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with low back pain differ considerably across the health care settings treating them.KEY POINTSThe study describes the symptoms and clinical findings of patients with low back pain consulting the Danish health care system in all its settings.Patients with chiropractors were youngest, while those with physiotherapists were the oldest and most frequently female.First consultations in general practice were generally with the least symptomatic patients while those returning for a subsequent consultation had more severe disease including more sick leave compared to patients in the other primary care settings.Our findings call for caution when generalizing between health care settings for patients with low back pain.

The association between empathy and the physiotherapy-patient therapeutic alliance: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The central component of person-centred care is in having a therapeutic realtionship. Furthermore, the empathy of the physiotherapist is one of the most important attributes in achieving a successful therapeutic alliance. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the research was to determine the association between the constructs of empathy and therapeutic alliance in Spanish physical therapists and the possible influence of socio-professional variables on them. DESIGN: Cross-sectional research. METHODS: An electronic survey including the Working Alliance Inventory-Short Form, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index and sociodemographic data with 473 Spanish physiotherapists. A descriptive, bivariate and simple lineal regression analysis was carried out. RESULTS: Work experience has a positive influence on bonding and the agreement on objectives and tasks (0.04 < B > 0.06; p < 0.01). The perspective taking dimensions and empathic concern positively influence the agreement on achievement (0.14 < B > 0.19; p < 0.001). Personal distress inversely influences bonding and the agreement on achievements and tasks (-0.13 < B > -0.09; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The dimensions of perspective taking and empathic concern seem to facilitate successful shared decision making in terms of treating objectives. Furthermore, the physiotherapist's personal distress acts as an obstacle to the development of the three subcomponents of the therapeutic alliance analysed.

Correlation between Surgical Risk Scales with Respiratory Muscle Strength and Functional Independence in Patients Submitted to Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Abstract Background The European Heart Surgery Risk Assessment System (EuroSCORE) and InsCor have been used to predict complications of cardiac surgery. However, their application to predict lung function and functionality is still uncertain. Objective To correlate surgical risk scales with functional independence and pulmonary function in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods This was a prospective cohort study. In the preoperative period, the two surgical scales were applied, the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured, and functionality was assessed using the functional independence measure (FIM). On the seventh postoperative day, the pulmonary function and functionality variables were reevaluated, compared with the preoperative values (delta) and correlated with the risk scales. Correlations of pulmonary function, functional independence and muscle strength variables with the surgical scales were made by Pearson correlation test. The significance level adopted was 5%. Results Thirty-one patients were studied; most were male (77%), with a mean age of 56±8 years. Mean EuroSCORE was 2.3±0.5 and mean InsCOR was 1.2±0.5. MIP, MEP, and PEF reduced 30% (p<0.001), 33% (p<0.001) and 10% (p=0.23), respectively. The EuroSCORE correlated with MIP (r-0.78; p = 0.02) and FIM (r-0.79; p <0.01), and the InsCor correlated with MIP (r-0.77), MEP (r-0.73) and MIF (r-0.89; p=0.02). Conclusion The EuroSCORE showed a strong negative correlation with MIP and FIM, while InsCor had a strong negative correlation with MIP, MEP and FIM. (Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)

Patients from residential aged care with hip fractures-Does discharge destination from acute care affect outcomes?

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the demographics of patients from residential aged care facilities (RACFs) who underwent fixation of hip fracture and to compare 12-month functional and mortality outcomes for those returning to their RACF with those admitted to a subacute facility (SAF) following their acute hospital stay. METHODS: A retrospective review was undertaken of all patients from a RACF with high-level care needs admitted to Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, for fixation of hip fracture in 2014-2015. Data including demographic and hospital event details, length of stay (LOS), discharge destination and 12-month functional outcomes measured by the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E), were collected. Factors related to discharge destination and outcomes were analysed. RESULTS: Ninety patients from a RACF were included in this study, with 68 patients (76%) returning to their RACF and 22 (24%) admitted to a SAF after acute hospital stay. Those discharged to a SAF had an average LOS at this facility of 20.79 days (SD 8.02). The SAF group also had a longer acute LOS (7 days IQR 5-10, compared to 6 days IQR 4-7.5) but there was no difference between groups at 12 months in terms of mortality or function, with 50% of all patients deceased at this time point (n = 40) and the remaining 40 patients (50%) reporting a poor functional outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Mobility status during acute and subacute stay, and 12-month functional and mortality outcomes were similar in both groups irrespective of discharge destination, with the influence of cognition and concomitant medical issues currently unknown. Further research is required to evaluate the efficacy of current hip fracture models of care, the factors that influence clinician discharge planning decision-making and to interrogate new models of care that support rehabilitation and complex medical management in RACFs.

Responsiveness of Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI-20) and Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire (PFIQ-7) after pelvic floor muscle training in women with stress and mixed urinary incontinence.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the responsiveness of Brazilian-Portuguese version of Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 (PFDI-20) and Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire-7 (PFIQ-7) after pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) in women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). STUDY DESIGN: This is an observational study with 72 women (51.8 ± 11.9SD years) with SUI (n = 33) and MUI (n = 39). Participants answered PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7 before and after PFMT, which consisted of a 12 weeks protocol supervised by a physiotherapist once a week with 30 min of a duration. Wilcoxon test, effect size (ES) and standardized response mean (SRM) were performed on baseline and after three months. RESULTS: We found a significant reduction in PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7 after PFMT (p < 0.001), except for Pelvic Organ Prolapses Distress Inventory (POPDI-16), Colorectal-Anal Impact Questionnaire (CRAIQ-7) and Pelvic Organ Prolapse Impact Questionnaire (POPIQ-7). The responsiveness of both questionnaires was considered moderate for PFDI-20 (ES = 0.49; SEM = 0.61; p < 0.0001) and PFIQ-7 (ES = 0.51; SEM = 0.52; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7 Brazilian Portuguese version presented moderate responsiveness in women with SUI and MUI who performed a PFMT.

Integração ensino- trabalho- cidadania: vivência de alunos de graduação em fisioterapia / Integration among education, work and citizenship: experience of physical therapy graduate students / Integración enseñanza-trabajo-ciudadanía: experiencia de estudiantes de grado en fisioterapia

A Integração Ensino-Trabalho-Cidadania (IETC) é uma proposta de ensino de abordagem diversificada e que prevê interação entre as esferas prática e teórica, buscando ampliar a capacidade de resolução de problemas a partir de situações reais, e abordando a importância da cooperação e trabalho em equipe. Este estudo objetiva relatar a vivência de estudantes de fisioterapia durante o processo ensino aprendizagem por intermédio da IETC. Trata-se de um relato de experiência, elaborado no contexto das disciplinas Integração Ensino-Trabalho e Fisioterapia na Atenção Básica, ministradas no segundo período do curso de graduação em fisioterapia do Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos (Unifeso). A IETC foi implementada no ano de 2018 nos cursos do Centro de Ciências em Saúde, inicialmente objetivando potencializar e fortalecer a proposta da integração ensino e trabalho na comunidade do conjunto habitacional da Fazenda Ermitage, no município de Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro. Nesse contexto, as atividades acadêmicas desenvolvidas têm como principal público-alvo os moradores, vítimas da tragédia natural de 2011. Os cenários de aprendizagem por meio da IETC constituíram-se espaços de cuidado, conhecimento e cidadania, incrementando a formação profissional dos estudantes. Especificamente, os alunos de fisioterapia vivenciaram abordagens educativas, ações assistenciais, individuais, coletivas, bem como diferentes práticas no campo técnico e de pesquisa. Assim, considera-se que a formação acadêmica com pensares e ações sociais promove uma perfeita interação entre discentes, docentes, gestores e a população, criando um cenário de prática humanitária e resolutiva.

Integration among Education, Work and Citizenship is a teaching proposal in the formation of future professionals, having a diversified approach between practice and theory and seeks to amplify the capacity of problem resolution starting from real situations by addressing the importance of cooperation and teamwork. This study aims at reporting the experience of physical therapy students during the teaching-learning process by IETC. This is an experience report, elaborated on the context of the subjects of Integration among Education, Work and Citizenship and Physical Therapy on Basic Attention, ministered on the 2nd term of the Physical Therapy undergraduation course at Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos (UNIFESO). The Integration among Education, Work and Citizenship was implemented in 2018 in the courses of the Sciences in Health Center from UNIFESO, first aiming at empower and strengthen the education and work integration, in the housing community at Fazenda Ermitage in the city of Teresópolis, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In that context, the academic activities performed had as main target assist the residents, victims of the natural disaster of 2011. The learning scenario through, constituted spaces of care, learning and citizenship, incrementing professional formation in the students. Specifically, the physical therapy students experienced over educational approach, individual and collective assistance actions and different practices in the technical and research field. The academic formation with thoughts and social actions promote a perfect interaction between students and teachers, managers and the population, thus creating a scenario of humanitarian and resolutive practice.

La Integración Enseñanza-Trabajo-Ciudadanía (IETC) es una propuesta de enseñanza que tiene un enfoque diversificado y que busca una interacción entre las esferas práctica y teórica con el propósito de expandir la capacidad de resolución de problemas desde situaciones reales, abordando la importancia de la cooperación y el trabajo en equipo. El estudio tiene como objetivo informar la experiencia de los estudiantes de fisioterapia durante el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje por medio de IETC. Este es un informe de experiencia, preparado en el contexto de las disciplinas Integración Enseñanza-Trabajo y Fisioterapia en Atención Primaria, impartidas en el segundo período del curso de grado en fisioterapia en Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos (UNIFESO). El IETC se implementó en 2018 en los cursos del Centro de Ciencias de la Salud, inicialmente con el objetivo de mejorar y fortalecer la propuesta para la integración de la educación y el trabajo en la comunidad del complejo de viviendas Fazenda Ermitage en municipio de Teresópolis (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil). Las actividades académicas se destinaban a los residentes en esta zona, víctimas del desastre natural de 2011. Los escenarios de aprendizaje mediante IETC constituyeron espacios de atención, conocimiento y ciudadanía, aumentando la educación profesional de los estudiantes. Específicamente, los estudiantes de fisioterapia experimentaron enfoques educativos, acciones de atención, individuales, colectivas, así como diferentes prácticas en el campo técnico y de investigación. La formación académica con pensamientos y acciones sociales promueve una interacción perfecta entre estudiantes, docentes, directivos y la población, así se crea un escenario de práctica humanitaria y decidida.

Advanced musculoskeletal physiotherapy practice: Informing education curricula.

INTRODUCTION: Physiotherapists are operating at an advanced level of practice, usually on ad hoc basis with inhouse training, in response to the increasing burden of musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders. Discrepancies in role-specific education of advanced practice physiotherapists (APPs) creates challenges in ensuring a quality service, workforce mobility and formal recognition. This study reviewed existing MSK APP competency frameworks and education offerings, and explored physiotherapist learning needs with a view to informing international standardisation of MSK APP education curricula. METHODS: A scoping review of the literature and relevant university and regulatory websites identified APP competency frameworks and education curricula, which were verified by international experts. Content analysis, performed on the identified competencies and modules, produced a list of themes existing in MSK advanced practice internationally. A survey based on those themes identified the learning priorities of physiotherapists (n = 25) participating in an APP symposium in Ireland. RESULTS: Six APP competency frameworks and eleven curricula from the UK, Canada and Australia were identified. Themes emerging, regarding MSK APP practice internationally, included both entry-level physiotherapy (e.g., Assessment and Diagnosis) and traditionally medically-controlled tasks (e.g., Injection Therapy), as well as Research, Leadership, Service Development, Professional-related Matters and Education. Participating physiotherapists more commonly prioritised competencies which would be deemed beyond entry level physiotherapy skills (i.e., Radiology versus Manual Therapy). CONCLUSION: Despite variances in profiles of APPs both between and within countries, common themes emerged regarding their expected competencies and skills. This study provides the foundation for the adoption of internationally-recognised MSK APP competencies and education standards.

Sociodemographic Determinants for the Health-Related Quality of Life of Patients with Vascular Amputations as Determined with the Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire.

BACKGROUND: To identify the sociodemographic variables independently related to the different dimensions of the Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire (PEQ). METHODS: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted, with a sample of 61 Spanish vascular amputees (Valencia, Spain). Included in this study are the results of the PEQ and explanatory-sociodemographic variables, as well as a descriptive and analytic analysis. RESULTS: Gender differences were observed in "appearance" and "perception of appearance" (significantly higher levels for men). Older patients tended to have worse scores in "utility", "frustration", "social burden" and "deambulation". More favorable scores were obtained for those residing in rural areas in "social burden" and "deambulation". Educational level had a positive correlation with scores. CONCLUSION: Gender, age, place of residence, and educational level could be considered determinants of the quality of health related to prosthesis adaptation in vascular amputees. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Knowing the influential variables in the process of prosthetization will allow better adaptation and an improvement in the quality of life.

A equoterapia como recurso fisioterapêutico junto a indivíduos com diagnóstico de paralisia cerebral / Equine-assisted therapy as a physiotherapy research next to individuals with diagnosis of cerebral paralysis

Introdução: A equoterapia é um método terapêutico utilizado na reabilitação e educação de pessoas com necessidades especiais e/ou portadoras de deficiência, caracterizado pelo uso do cavalo e por uma abordagem multidisciplinar, voltada ao desenvolvimento biopsicossocial do indivíduo. Objetivo: Compreender as repercussões biopsicossociais da equoterapia na reabilitação de indivíduos diagnosticados com paralisia cerebral, tomando como eixo de análise os ganhos físicos, sociais e psicológicos. Métodos: Estudo exploratório, observacional e descritivo, com delineamento quanti-qualitativo, realizado no Centro Interdisciplinar de Equoterapia (CIEQ-PA), em Belém/PA, mediante a aplicação de questionários com 10 responsáveis/acompanhantes, 6 profissionais da equipe multiprofissional e 1 fisioterapeuta. Os dados foram analisados com estatística descritiva simples e através da organização das respostas por categorias empíricas. Resultados: A pesquisa revelou que a equoterapia trouxe benefícios físicos, psicológicos e sociais às pessoas com diagnóstico de PC, com destaque para a melhora da postura e equilíbrio, bem como das interações sociais, o que reflete sua importância como uma estratégia para potencializar a inclusão social desses indivíduos. Conclusão: Os achados demonstram que se trata de uma modalidade terapêutica transversal e um campo de atuação da fisioterapia com impactos positivos na reabilitação biopsicossocial e no desenvolvimento global dos indivíduos. (AU)

Introduction: Equine therapy is a therapeutic method for the rehabilitation and education of people with special needs and/or disabled, using the horse in a multidisciplinary approach, focused on the biopsychosocial development of the individual. Aim: To understand the biopsychosocial repercussions of equine therapy in the rehabilitation of individuals diagnosed with cerebral palsy, taking physical, social and psychological gains as their axis of analysis. Methods: An exploratory, observational and descriptive study was carried out with a quantitative-qualitative design, held at the Interdisciplinary Center for Equine Therapy (CIEQ-PA), in Belém/Pará, through the application of questionnaires with 10 responsible/accompanying persons, 6 professionals from the multiprofessional team and 1 physiotherapist. The data were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics and by organizing the answers by empirical categories. Results: The research revealed that equine therapy is an important therapeutic strategy that brings physical, psychological and social benefits to PC patients, with emphasis on improved posture and balance, as well as social interactions, which reflects its importance as a strategy for enhancing social inclusion of these individuals. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that this is a cross-sectional therapeutic modality and a field of physical therapy with positive impacts on biopsychosocial rehabilitation and overall development of individuals. (AU)

Desfechos funcionais após craniectomia descompressiva secundária à acidente vascular encefálico / Functional outcomes after secondary decompressive craniectomy to vascular brain accident

Introdução: A craniectomia descompressiva (CD) é o procedimento cirúrgico capaz de reduzir a mortalidade em pacientes com edema cerebral secundário a um AVE maligno, porém não garante a recuperação funcional. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil clínico e funcional de pacientes submetidos a CD durante o tempo de internação hospitalar. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em uma Unidade de Acidente Vascular Cerebral (U-AVC) no período de setembro de 2018 a março de 2019. Coletaram-se dados sociodemográficos, estudo detalhado dos prontuários e dados referentes à funcionalidade, incapacidade e alcances funcionais por meio de questionários e avaliação física e neurológica. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 21 participantes. A maioria do sexo masculino, idade média de 55±10 anos, casados, baixa escolaridade, exerciam algum tipo de atividade remunerada com renda de um a dois salários mínimos. Os fatores de risco mais prevalentes foram hipertensão arterial sistêmica, tabagismo, etilismo, sedentarismo e sobrepeso. Durante o período de internação hospitalar, a maioria dos pacientes evoluiu com altos índices de incapacidade e baixos níveis de independência e funcionalidade cognitiva e motora. Conclusão: Além de apresentarem combinações de diferentes fatores de risco relacionados ao desenvolvimento de AVE, a maioria dos pacientes avaliados apresentaram altos índices de incapacidade e baixos níveis de independência e funcionalidade, necessitando de assistência máxima ou total para realizar a maioria de suas atividades de vida diária. (AU)

Introduction: Decompression craniectomy (DC) is a surgical procedure that can reduce mortality in patients with cerebral edema secondary to malignant stroke, but does not guarantee functional recovery. Objective: To describe the clinical and functional profile of patients undergoing DC during their hospital stay. Methods: It is a cross-sectional study conducted in a Stroke Unit from September 2018 to March 2019. Sociodemographic data, detailed study of medical records, and data on functionality, disability and functional range were collected through questionnaires and physical and neurological evaluation. Results: The sample consisted of 21 participants. Most were male, mean age 55 ±10 years, married, with low education, had paid activity with income of one to two minimum wages. The most prevalent risk factors were systemic arterial hypertension, smoking, alcoholism, physical inactivity and overweight. During hospitalization, most patients evolved with high levels of disability and low levels of independence and cognitive and motor functionality. Conclusion: In addition to presenting combinations of different risk factors related to the development of stroke, most of the patients evaluated had high levels of disability and low levels of independence and functionality, requiring maximum or total assistance to develop most of their daily living activities. (AU)

The role of allied healthcare professionals in head and neck cancer surveillance: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: The roles of Allied Health Care Professionals (AHPs) in Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) are wide ranging but not clearly defined. Inter-regional variability in practice results from a lack of standardisation in approaches to the Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) make-up and structure. Traditionally, the follow-up of HNC patients is clinician led with multiple scheduled follow-up appointments. The increasing population of HNC patients provides logistical, monetary and efficiency challenges. This systematic review presents the roles of the multiple AHP sub-groups in HNC with the aim of presenting how their differing skill sets can be integrated to modernise our approach in follow-up. DESIGN: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, NIHR Dissemination Centre, The Kings Fund Library, Clinical Evidence, National Health Service Evidence and the National Institute of Clinical Excellence to identify multiple subgroups of AHPs (Dentists, Speech and Language Therapists, Dieticians, Physiotherapists, Psychologists, Clinical Nurse Specialists) and evidence of their role in HNC follow-up. Evidence not directly relating to HNC follow-up was excluded. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: This Systematic Review was undertaken online by the Integrate (UK ENT Trainee National Collaborative) Head and Neck Subcommittee. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Most evidence was of low-quality, and the broad nature of the protocol provided a wide variety of study models. Two authors screened the articles for relevance to the topic before final analysis. RESULTS: The main role identified was improvement in Quality of Life and symptom control rather than detecting recurrence. We also demonstrate that it is possible to stratify HNC follow-up patients using their received treatment modality and Distress Thermometers to identify groups who will require more intensive AHP input. CONCLUSIONS: HNC follow-up covers a broad group of patients with differing needs. As such, a blanket approach to this phase of treatment is likely to be less effective than a patient-led model where the group of AHPs are employed on a needs basis rather than at set time points. This will likely lead to greater patient satisfaction, earlier detection of recurrence and efficiency savings.

Advanced musculoskeletal physiotherapy practice: The patient journey and experience.

BACKGROUND: As many patients referred to orthopaedic and rheumatology services do not require medical or surgical interventions, advanced practice physiotherapists (APPs) have been introduced into hospital services to triage the care of these patients. Patient perspectives are critical to review the acceptance of this model of care and potential for expansion into primary care. This study aimed to explore the clinical journeys, and the experiences and perceptions of patients attending APP services. METHOD: Semi-structured interviews (n = 10) were conducted with patients across two hospital sites, with narrative data subjected to a thematic analysis. MSK journeys were mapped via medical chart and interview data, with surveys collecting demographics. RESULTS: Patient journeys involved multiple contact points and some duplication in MSK health services. Overall, experiences of the APP service were positive, with faster access into the hospital system and patients valued the interpersonal and professional skills of the APP. Having already attended a physiotherapist, some patients did have a preconception of what the APP could offer them. However, initial concerns were mitigated following the APP appointment, as the APP had extensive MSK knowledge. Hospitals remained the preferred location for MSK appointments due to availability of diagnostics and 'specialists', and close proximity of the doctor. CONCLUSION: Patients were positive about the new MSK APP service and benefits related to shorter wait times and seeing a specialist who listened and involved them in their management. However, a cultural shift regarding patient perceptions of the 'specialists' in hospitals and the role of a physiotherapist is required.

Correspondence of nurses and physiotherapists records for orthopedic patients with the Nursing Outcomes Classification / Correspondencia entre registros de enfermeras y fisioterapeutas para pacientes ortopédicos con la Clasificación de Resultados de Enfermería / Correspondência dos registros de enfermeiros e fisioterapeutas para pacientes ortopédicos com a Nursing Outcomes Classification

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the correspondence of the terms found in nurses' and physiotherapists' records for orthopedic patients with the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC). Method: A descriptive study carried out in a university hospital in southern Brazil. The sample consisted of 392 records of 49 patients submitted to Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA). Data collection was retrospective in the electronic health record. Data was analyzed and compared with the NOC outcomes using the cross-mapping method. Result: The most prevalent outcomes were the following: Pain Level, Falls Occurrence and Mobility. There was sharing of outcomes between the two categories, except for Falls Occurrence and Respiratory Status. Conclusion: Standardizing nurses' and Physiotherapists' records according to the NOC can improve the quality of the clinical documentation of the outcomes of patients undergoing THA.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la correspondencia entre los términos encontrados en los registros de enfermeras y fisioterapeutas para pacientes ortopédicos con la Clasificación de Resultados de Enfermería (Nursing Outcomes Classification, NOC). Método: Estudio descriptivo realizado en un hospital universitario del sur de Brasil. La muestra consistió en 392 registros correspondientes a 49 pacientes sometidos a artroplastia total de cadera (ATC). L recopilación de datos fue retrospectiva en el registro de salud electrónico. Los datos se analizaron y compararon con los resultados de la NOC por medio del método de mapeo cruzado. Resultado: Los resultados más frecuentes son los siguientes: Nivel del dolor, Caídas y Movilidad. Hubo intercambio entre las dos categorías, a excepción de Caídas y de Estado respiratorio. Conclusión: La estandarización de los registros de enfermeras y fisioterapeutas según la NOC puede mejorar la calidad de la documentación clínica de los resultados de los pacientes sometidos a ATC.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a correspondência entre os termos encontrados nos registros de enfermeiros e fisioterapeutas para pacientes ortopédicos com a Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC). Método: Estudo descritivo realizado em um hospital universitário. A amostra foi de 392 evoluções para 49 pacientes submetidos à Artroplastia Total de Quadril (ATQ). A coleta de dados foi retrospectiva em prontuário eletrônico. Os dados foram analisados e comparados com os resultados da NOC, segundo o método de mapeamento cruzado. Resultado: Identificaram-se 10 resultados da NOC, sendo os mais prevalentes: Ocorrência de quedas, Mobilidade e Nível de dor. Houve compartilhamento de resultados entre as duas categorias, com exceção da Ocorrência de quedas e Estado respiratório. Conclusão: Padronizar os registros de enfermeiros e fisioterapeutas segunda a NOC pode aprimorar a qualidade da documentação clínica dos resultados dos pacientes submetidos à ATQ.

Pressões inspiratória e expiratória máximas: confiabilidade intra e interexaminadores / Maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures: intra- and inter-rater reliability

Introdução: Pressões estáticas ventilatórias máximas são mensuradas pelo manômetro/ manovacuômetro, expressam a força dos músculos ventilatórios em cmH2O. Objetivos: Verificar a confiabilidade intra e interexaminadores das PImáx e PEmáx. Métodos: Constituiu-se amostra randomicamente (n=70). Dois examinadores independentes, executaram três medições intradia (consistência interna) e duas interdias (estabilidade). O instrumento utilizado para medir as PImáx e PEmáx foi um manovacuômetro digital MDV®300 (MDI/Brasil) de intervalo operacional de ±300 cmH2O. Calcularam-se o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse e o erro típico da medida, a significância adotada foi de P ≤ 0,05 e o pacote estatístico usado foi SPSS 20.0. Resultados: Consistência interna: intra examinador PImáx CCI = 0,97 e ETM(ETM%) = 6,71(6) e PEmáx CCI = 0,95 e ETM(ETM%) = 10,92(8); interexaminadores da PImáx CCI = 0,98 e ETM(ETM%) = 5,41(5) e PEmáx CCI = 0,96 e ETM(ETM%) = 8,82(7). Estabilidade: intra examinador da PImáx CCI = 0,95 e ETM (ETM%) = 7,92(7) e PEmáx CCI = 0,93 e ETM(ETM%) = 12,34(9); interexaminadores da PImáx CCI = 0,96 e ETM(ETM%) = 6,36(6) e PEmáx CCI = 0,93 e ETM(ETM%) = 11,75(9). Todas as análises estatísticas foram (P = 0,0001). Conclusão: PImáx e PEmáx têm confiabilidade intra e interexaminadores adequada à prática clínica. (AU)

Introduction: Maximal static respiratory pressures, measured using a manometer, express the strength of respiratory muscles in cmH2O. Objective: To assess the intra- and inter-rater reliability of MIP and MEP. Methods: A random sample was used (n=70). Two independent raters performed three intraday (internal consistency) and two interdays (stability) measurements. The instrument used to measure the MIP and MEP was a digital manometer MDV®300 (MDI/Brazil), with a pressure range of ±300 cmH2O. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the standard error of measurement (SEM) were calculated, the significance was P ≤ 0.05 and the statistical package used was SPSS 20.0. Results: Internal consistency: intra-rater MIP ICC = 0.97 and SEM (SEM%) = 6.71(6) e MEP ICC = 0.95 and SEM(SEM%) = 10.92(8); inter-rater MIP ICC = 0.98 and SEM(SEM%) = 5.41(5) and MEP ICC = 0.96 and SEM(SEM%) = 8.82(7). Stability: intra-rater MIP ICC = 0.95 and SEM (SEM%) = 7.92(7) and MEP ICC = 0.93 and SEM(SEM%) = 12.34(9); inter-rater MIP ICC = 0.96 and SEM(SEM%) = 6.36(6) and MEP ICC = 0.93 and SEM(SEM%) = 11.75(9). All statistical analyses were (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: MIP and MEP have adequate intra-and inter-rater reliability for clinical practice. (AU)

Comportamento cardiovascular em hemiparéticos crônicos durante a fisioterapia de grupo no formato de circuito de treinamento / Cardiovascular behavior in chronic hemiparesis during group therapy in circuit training format

Introdução: A Fisioterapia de Grupo em Circuito de Treinamento (FGCT) é um modelo de terapia para hemiparéticos, mas ainda são necessários mais estudos para avaliar seus efeitos sobre o sistema cardiovascular e a funcionalidade. Objetivo: Avaliar o comportamento cardiovascular e a funcionalidade de hemiparéticos crônicos submetidos à FGCT. Métodos: Estudo transversal, (n = 13), consiste em 10 estações de FGCT. Foi calculada a frequência cardíaca média (FCmed), frequência cardíaca máxima (FCmáx) e classificada a frequência cardíaca de treinamento. Os testes funcionais foram realizados no início da sessão. Foi realizada correlação entre os testes funcionais e as FCmed, FCmáx e a comparação da frequência cardíaca (FC) durante as estações e os intervalos entre elas. Resultados: 92,3% dos voluntários foram classificados como intensidade de treinamento muito leve ou leve. Houve significância estatística entre FCMed da 1ª estação quando comparada com a última (p < 0,01). Conclusão: A intensidade de treinamento de hemiparéticos submetidos à FGCT foi de muito leve a leve, com diferença significante entre a FCmed da 1ª estação quando comparada com a última. Não foi observada correlação da FCmed com a funcionalidade. (AU)

Introduction: Physiotherapy Group in Circuit Training (PGCT) is a model of hemiparetic therapy, but further studies are needed to assess its effects on the cardiovascular system and functionality. Objective: To evaluate the cardiovascular behavior and the functionality of chronic hemiparetics submitted to PGCT. Methods: A cross-sectional study, (n = 13), consists of 10 PGCT stations. Mean heart rate (HRM), maximum heart rate (HRmax) and heart rate of training were calculated. Functional tests were performed at the beginning of the session. A correlation was performed between the functional tests and HRM, HRmax and heart rate (HR) comparison during the seasons and intervals between them. Results: 92.3% of the volunteers were classified as very light or light training intensity. There was statistical significance between HRM of the 1st station when compared with the last station (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The intensity of hemiparetic training submitted to PGCT was very light to light, with a significant difference between the FCmed of the 1st station when compared to the last one. No correlation of HRM with the functionality was observed. (AU)

Gua-sha: application and therapeutic results in musculoskeletal pain situations. Systematic review / Gha-sha: aplicação e seus resultados terapêuticos em condições dolorosas musculoesqueléticas. Revisão sistemática

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Gua-sha is a Traditional Chinese Medicine technique, which consists of scraping the skin with a smooth and rounded edges object until the appearance of petechiae. Used domestically in Asia, it is described as capable of promoting the improvement of several conditions (e. g. respiratory, digestive, fever, and insomnia), such as painful conditions. However, there is a shortage of systematic reviews in this respect in Western literature, so this study aimed to analyze the common use of Gua-sha and the methodological quality of the studies. CONTENTS: The PEDro, Pubmed, Scielo and LILACS Databases were consulted, searching for clinical trials with the following keywords and Boolean index: Gua-sha AND pain; Scraping therapy AND pain (English, Portuguese and Spanish). Thirty-two articles were pre-selected, but only six met the inclusion criteria (clinical trial, pain as one of the evaluation criteria, musculoskeletal pain). The disorders reported were related to the spine, with a mostly superior response or similar to the control group, being investigated in the short term (7-21 days). The studies methodological quality were considered moderate according to the PEDro scale. CONCLUSION: Gua-sha is a simple, inexpensive alternative with short-term effects for the treatment of conditions involving the spine and surrounding areas, such as a single intervention or in combination. Its practice is already well referenced but requires studies of high methodological quality and analysis of its effects also in the appendicular skeleton.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Gua-sha é uma técnica da Medicina Tradicional Chinesa, que consiste em raspar a pele com objeto de bordas lisas e arredondadas até o surgimento de petéquias. De uso doméstico na Ásia, é descrita como capaz de promover a melhora de uma série de afecções (ex. respiratórias, digestivas, febre e insônia), como a de quadros dolorosos. Contudo, há escassez de revisões sistemáticas a esse respeito na literatura ocidental, assim o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a aplicação usual de Gua-sha e a qualidade metodológica dos estudos. CONTEÚDO: Foram consultadas as bases de dados PEDro, Pubmed, Scielo e LILACS, buscando por ensaios clínicos com as seguintes palavras chaves e índice booleano: Gua-sha AND pain; Scraping therapy AND pain (inglês, português e espanhol). Foram pré-selecionados 32 artigos, mas apenas 6 atenderam os critérios de inclusão (ensaio clínico, dor como um dos critérios de avaliação, quadros álgicos musculoesqueléticos). Os distúrbios registrados foram relacionados à coluna vertebral, com resposta superior em sua maioria ou semelhante ao grupo controle, sendo investigados em curto prazo (7-21 dias). A qualidade metodológica aponta para estudos moderados de acordo com a escala PEDro. CONCLUSÃO: Gua-sha é uma alternativa simples, de baixo custo, com efeitos estudados em curto prazo para tratamento de afecções envolvendo a coluna vertebral e áreas próximas, como intervenção única ou em associação. Sua prática já se encontra bem retratada, porém necessitando de estudos de alta qualidade metodológica e análise de seus efeitos também no esqueleto apendicular.