RESUMO
Salicylic acid (SA) is an essential phytoregulator that is widely used to promote the synthesis of high-value nutraceuticals in plants. However, its application in daylily, an ornamental plant highly valued in traditional Chinese medicine, has not been reported. Herein, we investigated the exogenous SA-induced physiological, transcriptional and biochemical changes in long yellow daylily (LYD). We found that 2 mg/L foliar SA treatment significantly improved LYD plant growth and yield. Transcriptome sequencing and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis revealed that the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis, sulfur metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction and tyrosine metabolism were significantly induced in SA-treated leaves. Many transcription factors and antioxidant system-related DEGs were induced under the SA treatment. Biochemical analyses showed that the leaf contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein (Cpr), ascorbic acid (AsA) and colchicine were significantly increased by 15.15% (from 30.16â ±â 1.301 to 34.73â ±â 0.861 mg/g), 19.54% (from 60.3â ±â 2.227 to 72.08â ±â 1.617 mg/g), 30.45% (from 190.1â ±â 4.56 to 247.98â ±â 11.652 µg/g) and 73.05% (from 3.08â ±â 0.157 to 5.33â ±â 0.462 µg/g), respectively, under the SA treatment. Furthermore, we identified 15 potential candidate genes for enhancing the growth, production and phytochemical content of LYD. Our results provide support for the bioaccumulation of colchicine in yellow daylily and valuable resources for biotechnological-assisted production of this important nutraceutical in Hemerocallis spp.
RESUMO
Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar a emergência de plântulas de nogueira-macadâmia, por meio do uso de incisão nas sementes e imersão em ácido giberélico. Sementes do cultivar IAC-Campinas B, extraídas de frutos maduros foram padronizadas quanto ao tamanho e sanidade. Foram imergidas em recipiente preenchido por água. Em 80 sementes, realizou-se incisão de 0,5 cm na casca, no sentido longitudinal ao embrião, deixando as amêndoas expostas. Outras 80 sementes foram mantidas intactas. Em seguida, todas as sementes foram submersas em diferentes concentrações de ácido giberélico: 0, 150, 300 e 450 mg L-1, por 90 horas, com sistema de oxigenação. Após esse período, as sementes foram colocadas em bandejas plásticas, entre camadas de areia grossa autoclavada, preservadas em laboratório com temperatura controlada (em torno de 25ºC). As bandejas foram umedecidas diariamente, com auxílio de regador manual. Após 180 dias, mensurou-se a porcentagem de emergência, os comprimentos médios das raízes, das partes aéreas e a massas secas médias totais das plântulas. Concluiu-se que a incisão e imersão de nogueira-macadâmia em ácido giberélico foram prejudiciais à emergência e desenvolvimento das plântulas.
The objective of the present work was to evaluate the emergency of macadamia nut seedlings through incision and immersion of the seeds in the gibberellic acid. Seeds of IAC-Campinas B cultivar, extracted from mature fruits, were standardized according to size and health. They were immerged in recipient filled with water. In 80 seeds a 0.5 cm incision was done in the peel, longitudinally in relation the embryo, leaving the almonds exposed. The other 80 seeds were kept intact. Soon after, the seeds were submerged in different concentrations of gibberellic acid: 0, 150, 300 and 450 mg L-1, for 90 hours, with oxygen system. After that period, the seeds were placed in plastic trays, among layers of autoclaved sand, and preserved in laboratory with controlled temperature (around 25ºC). The trays were humidified daily. After 180 days, the emergency percentage, average length of the roots, average length of the aerial part and average total dry mass of the seedlings were evaluated. It was concluded that the incision and immersion of the seeds of macadamia nut gibberellic acid were harmful to the emergence and development of the seedlings.
