The symbolic and non-symbolic aspect of image: clinical and cultural reflections.

It is fundamental for analytical psychology to understand images symbolically. However, Jung was aware of the non-symbolic and direct appearance of image in synchronistic visions and dreams. Therefore, there are two aspects of the non-symbolic: literal and synchronistic. Firstly, the pathology of the non-symbolic was explored in psychosomatic syndromes, trauma, borderline syndromes and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Then the historical and cultural considerations show that dreams were shared and understood directly and non-symbolically in Japanese medieval times. Historically, the symbolic aspect emerged through the loss of this directness and is characteristic for the modern, western, and adult consciousness. However, the increasing prevalence of ASD and ambiguity between reality and virtual reality show that the contemporary world is again dominated by directness and the non-symbolic, which can be called 'postmodern consciousness'.

Il est fondamental pour la psychologie analytique de comprendre symboliquement les images. Cependant, Jung était conscient de l'apparition directe et non-symbolique de l'image dans les visions synchronistiques et les rêves. Ainsi, il y a deux aspects du non-symbolique: le littéral et le synchronistique. En ce qui concerne le premier, la pathologie du non-symbolique a été étudiée dans les syndromes psychosomatiques, le traumatisme, les syndromes borderline et les troubles du spectre autistique (TSA). Ensuite, les considérations historiques et culturelles montrent que les rêves furent compris et partagés directement et de manière non-symbolique à l'époque médiévale au Japon. Historiquement, l'aspect symbolique a émergé à travers la perte de l'aspect direct, ou franc, ce qui est caractéristique de la conscience adulte, moderne et occidentale. Cependant la prévalence accrue de TSA et l'ambiguïté entre la réalité et la réalité virtuelle montrent que le monde contemporain est de nouveau dominé par l'aspect direct et le non-symbolique, que nous pouvons appeler « conscience postmoderne ¼.

Es fundamental para la psicología analítica la comprensión simbólica de las imágenes. Sin embargo, Jung fue consciente del aspecto no simbólico y directo de la imagen en visiones y sueños sincronísticos. Por lo tanto, hay dos aspectos en lo no simbólico: literal y sincronístico. Inicialmente, la patología de lo no-simbólico fue explorada en síndromes psicosomáticos, trauma, síndromes borderline y trastorno del espectro autista (ASD). Luego, consideraciones históricas y culturales muestran que los sueños fueron compartidos y comprendidos de manera directa y no-simbólica en los tiempos medievales en Japón. Históricamente, el aspecto simbólico emergió a través de la pérdida de lo directo, y es característico de la consciencia moderna, occidental, adulta. Sin embargo, la prevalencia creciente de ASD y la ambigüedad entre la realidad y la realidad virtual muestran que el mundo contemporáneo es nuevamente dominado por lo no-simbólico y lo directo, la cual podría llamarse 'consciencia posmoderna'.

É fundamental que a psicologia analítica entenda as imagens simbolicamente. No entanto, Jung estava ciente da aparência não simbólica e direta da imagem em visões e sonhos sincrônicos. Portanto, há dois aspectos do não simbólico: literal e sincrônico. Primeiramente, a patologia do não simbólico foi explorada em síndromes psicossomáticas, trauma, síndromes limítrofes e transtorno do espectro do autismo (TEA). Em seguida, as considerações históricas e culturais mostram que os sonhos foram compartilhados e compreendidos direta e não simbolicamente nos tempos medievais no Japão. Historicamente, o aspecto simbólico surgiu através da perda da franqueza e não simbólica, o que pode ser chamado de "consciência pós-moderna".

[The end of the asylum, a change in representations]. / La fin de l'asile, un bouleversement des représentations.

Through the major changes which the psychiatric hospital has undergone throughout history, the question is raised of the identity of caregivers, what the psychiatric asylum provides as a response to mental illness, and the function of the asylum as a place for receiving and then caring for patients, within society. These radical changes, which undermine the narcissism of caregivers, have consequences both within the psychiatric hospital and society as a whole. Consequences which question the very notion of care in a post-modern society.

Identidades inestables: el síndrome borderline y la condición postmoderna / Identidades instáveis: a síndrome borderline e a condição pós-moderna / Unstable identities: borderline syndrome and the postmodern condition / Identités instables: le sydrome borderline et la condition postmoderne

Partiendo de un análisis de las profundas transformaciones sociales y culturales que justifican lo que se describe como la nueva subjetividad expresiva propia de la modernidad tardía, el presente ensayo trata de mostrar su afinidad constitutiva con la patología de la identidad que numerosos autores consideran central no solo en el síndrome borderline o narcisista, sino también en buena parte de los trastornos mentales más frecuentes y representativos de nuestro tiempo.

A partir de uma análise das profundas mudanças sociais e culturais que fundamentam o que veio a ser descrito como a nova subjetividade expressiva da modernidade tardia, este ensaio tenta mostrar sua afinidade constitutiva com a patologia da identidade que muitos autores consideram central não só na síndrome de borderline ou narcisista, mas em muitos dos transtornos mentais mais comuns e representativos do nosso tempo.

Based on an analysis of the profound social and cultural changes that underlie what has been described as the new expressive subjectivity of late modernity, this essay tries to show its constitutive affinity with the pathology of identity that many authors consider as a central feature not only of the borderline or narcissistic syndrome, but also of many of the most common and representative mental disorders of our time.

À partir de l’analyse des changements sociaux et culturels profonds qui sous-tendent ce qu'on appelle la nouvelle subjectivité expressive de la modernité tardive, cet essai montre son affinité constitutive avec la pathologie de l’identité que de nombreux auteurs considèrent centrale non seulement dans le syndrome borderline ou narcissique, mais aussi dans les troubles mentaux plus communs et représentatifs de notre époque.

Influences on my clinical practice and identity. Jungian analysis on the couch-what and where is the truth of it?

The author considers the various influences that have shaped his clinical practice and particular identity as a Jungian analyst. It is hoped that the sharing of these observations will, like a shard of a hologram, reflect aspects of the Jungian community as a whole. The author also attempts to put Jungian analysis 'on the couch' by looking at the current debate in the Journal between traditional and relational psychoanalysis. This is compared to the discourse that philosophy has been struggling with for centuries concerning the nature of truth.