Is auditor financial decision-making affected by prior audit report information? A behavioral approach.

The role of financial experts is to provide their professional judgments with an opinion included in the financial reports after reviewing an entity's financial information, following a specific audit process. We investigate whether confirmation bias (through prior audit opinions) occurs among auditors during the audit process and decision-making, and whether experience mitigates this effect. A total of 175 non-experienced auditors run a 2x4 between-subjects experiment (experiment 1) studying how financial information (IV with two levels: negative and neutral/positive) and previous audit report (IV with four levels: absence, negative, moderately negative, and positive) might influence the issuance of the subsequent decision-making (DV). In addition, a total of 32 junior level 1 auditors (less than one year of experience), 31 junior level 2 auditors (up to 3 years of experience) and 20 senior auditors (more than 3 years of experience) run a 2 × 4 × 3 between-subjects experiment (experiment 2) analyzing if experience (IV with three levels of experience: less than one-year, between one and three years, more than three years) mitigates this effect (experiment 2). Results confirm that the previous-year audit report affect auditors' current assessment, showing that positive and negative prior opinions persuade auditors when suggesting the next one. This finding is relevant as auditors' opinions could be conditioned by prior opinions instead of their own expertise. Our evidence also suggests that professional experience mitigates this influence on auditors' assessments. Consequently, this study has relevant implications for partners, audit professionals and audit firm recruiters. A general implication is that auditor training courses should reinforce the auditor's own expertise and criteria based on the deep analysis of financial and economic data rather than on the work of previous auditors.

A Modified H-index Calculated Using the Duration of Professional Experience and the Author's Significant Contribution to Publications.

Recently, the h-index (HI) has been accepted as a globally valid indicator that measures the professional achievement of scientists. Although it has been criticized in some respects, it is the most frequently used parameter as a criterion that generally measures the number and quality of publications combined. In the evaluation of the scientific publication, apart from these, the duration (years) of professional experience of the scientist and the impact/significance of the author's contribution to publications should also be used; however, HI does not take these into account. In this article, we present our recommendations for a modified HI considering these two important parameters.

Students' evaluation of professional experience placement quality in a pre-registration nursing programme: A cross-sectional survey.

AIM: To evaluate the quality of student nurses' experiences and overall satisfaction with professional experience placements at a regional Australian University. BACKGROUND: Professional experience placements are a crucial component of pre-registration nursing programs. However, the absence of standardised approaches to assess placement quality has created uncertainty on what constitutes a high-quality placement from a student's perspective. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was administered online to 800 second and third year undergraduate nursing students at an Australian university. The survey contains demographic questions (e.g., year of study, placement specialty, duration, setting and geographic location), a validated Placement Evaluation Tool and free-text comments. The Placement Evaluation Tool is a 20-item questionnaire that measures two key factors: clinical environment (factor 1), learning support (factor 2) and overall satisfaction of students' learning experiences during a professional experience placement. A descriptive analysis was conducted to evaluate the student's overall experience and satisfaction. Multivariate linear regression was used to assess the relationship between the quality of the student experience and demographics and presented as beta coefficient (ß) and confidence interval (CI). Free-text comments were thematically analysed. RESULTS: A total of 1104 survey responses were received (as students may rate more than one placement), with an estimated 71% response rate. Most responses (60.3%) were third-year students. Most students experienced high-quality placements, reflected in the overall positive placement experience (PET item 1-19 score: mean 85.9 out of 95) and high student satisfaction (PET item 20: mean 8.53 out of 10). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that the third year of study and public facilities were independent predictors of positive student experiences (ß: 2.61, 95% CI: 0.75, 4.47 and ß: 3.72, CI: 0.90, 6.55, respectively). Further analysis of PET items related to factor 1 and factor 2 revealed that high positive experiences in public facilities may be due to the higher learning support (ß: 2.54, CI: 0.80, 4.27). Three main themes were perceived to be important to students' professional experience: (i) staff and facilitator attitudes, (ii) learning opportunities and (iii) a team-based learning environment. CONCLUSIONS: Most students reported high-quality placement experience and high satisfaction; however, a lack of learning support may contribute to less positive student experiences. This finding emphasises the importance of collaboration between clinical facilities and educational institutions to enhance the student's placement experience.

Evaluation of manual dexterity when using a mirror of dental students and academicians with increasing professional experience.

INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the manual dexterity of dentistry students and academicians when using a mirror according to increasing professional experience. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 72 subjects, grouped according to professional experience 5th year dentistry students (DS) accepted as no experience-academicians with 1-4 years experience (A5L)-academicians with ≥5 years experience (A5M). Direct and indirect visualisation using the mirror was evaluated with the completion times of the O'Connor Finger Dexterity Test. RESULTS: The hand grip strength values of both left and right hand were found to be statistically significantly higher in all the males than in the females (p < .05). The indirect test times (ITT) using the mirror were significantly longer for males than for females (p = .001), and no significant difference was determined between the genders in the direct test times (DTT) (p > .05). For all the study participants, DTT shortened as professional experience increased (p < .05). In addition, the mean values of both DTT (p = .031) and ITT (p = .028) in the DS group were statistically significantly longer than the A5M group. CONCLUSION: With increasing professional experience, manual dexterity was determined to increase, and females were found to be more successful in the direct manual dexterity tests independently of the groups. The statistical significance between the DS and A5M groups, especially in the hand dexterity test with a mirror, shows the importance of experience. The study results demonstrated that professional manual dexterity in dentistry can be developed with increasing practical application.

Cambios en el currículum de la educación física chilena: voces desde el territorio / Changes in the chilean physical education curriculum: voices from the territory / Mudanças no currículo da educação física chilena: vozes do território

El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar el desarrollo del currículum en los últimos años y la didáctica que utilizan profesores de Educación Física en una región del centro sur de Chile. La metodología del estudio es de tipo cualitativa, a través de entrevistas a docentes con al menos cinco años de permanencia en el sistema educacional. Los resultados dan cuenta de que los profesores abordan el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje analizando el contexto en que están inmersos. Al momento de planificar sus clases se apoyan en las bases curriculares dispuestas por el Ministerio de Educación y las características de los estudiantes. Se concluye que, respecto a los desafíos actuales, buscan llevar a la práctica un modelo constructivista, procurando que el estudiante sea parte del proceso educativo, tomando en cuenta su integridad y bienestar. Asimismo, se espera que el currículum incorpore las problemáticas actuales que emergen en la sociedad.

The objective was to analyze the curriculum development and the didactics used by Physical Education teachers in recent years in a region of south-central Chile. The methodology of the study is qualitative, in which interviews were conducted with teachers with at least 5 years of permanence in the educational system. The results show that teachers approach the teaching-learning process by analyzing the context in which they are immersed. When planning their classes, they rely on the curricular bases established by the Ministry of Education and the characteristics of the students. Regarding current challenges, they seek to implement a constructivist model, making the student part of the educational process, taking into account their integrity and well-being. It is also hoped that the curriculum can incorporate the current problems emerging in society.

O objetivo foi analisar o desenvolvimento do currículo nos últimos anos e a didática utilizada pelos professores de Educação Física em uma região do centro-sul do Chile. A metodologia do estudo é qualitativa, em que foram realizadas entrevistas com professores com no mínimo 5 anos de permanência no sistema educacional. Os resultados mostram que os professores abordam o processo de ensino-aprendizagem analisando o contexto em que estão inseridos. Ao planejar suas aulas, eles se baseiam nas bases curriculares estabelecidas pelo Ministério da Educação e nas características dos alunos. Conclui-se que, face aos desafios atuais, procuram implementar um modelo construtivista, tornando o aluno parte do processo educativo, tendo em conta a sua integridade e bem-estar. Da mesma forma, espera-se que o currículo incorpore os problemas atuais que surgem na sociedade.

Assessment of the Knowledge and Practice of Infection Control among Radiographers in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Effective control of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) involves a collaborative effort among various healthcare stakeholders, including healthcare workers, patients, and professionals. Radiographers, as essential members of the healthcare team, play a crucial role in HAI prevention by diligently adhering to standard infection control precautions (SICP) and maintaining a high level of knowledge regarding infection control procedures. The study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of radiographers concerning infection control in radiology departments in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia in the period from February to May 2022, with data collected using an online survey in the form of a google forms questionnaire disseminated through social media as an electronic link and including the patient's demographic characteristic such as age, gender, education level, experience, and prior infection control training and multiple closed ended questions to assess knowledge of standard infection control precautions and the practice of infection control. Overall, 113 participants responded to the survey and entered their responses directly, and the data were analyzed using the SPSS (statistical package for social science). RESULTS: The study revealed that the mean score of knowledge and awareness of the practice of infection control among radiographers in Saudi Arabia was (63.0 and 61.9, respectively), which were considered moderate levels. Females were significantly more knowledgeable about infection control and more aware of the practice than males (p-values = 0.019). The participants who previously attended courses of infection control training had a significantly higher score with a mean rank of (60.9) than those who had not (43.4), (p-value = 0.013). The radiographers' level of experience, age, and academic qualification had no significant influence on overall knowledge and practice of infection control (p-values > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In Saudi Arabia, radiographers have a moderate level of knowledge and practice of infection control. There is a need for an ongoing training and education program for practicing radiographers to ensure they perform better in infection control measures.

A qualitative study of experiences of institutional objection to medical assistance in dying in Canada: ongoing challenges and catalysts for change.

BACKGROUND: In June 2016, Canada legalized medical assistance in dying (MAiD). From the outset, some healthcare institutions (including faith-based and non-faith-based hospitals, hospices, and residential aged care facilities) have refused to allow aspects of MAiD onsite, resulting in patient transfers for MAiD assessments and provision. There have been media reports highlighting the negative consequences of these "institutional objections", however, very little research has examined their nature and impact. METHODS: This study reports on findings from 48 semi-structured qualitative interviews conducted with MAiD assessors and providers, MAiD team members (working to coordinate care and lead MAiD programs in institutions and health authorities), and family caregivers on their experiences with institutional objection. Participants were recruited from the Canadian provinces of British Columbia, Ontario, and Nova Scotia. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS: Themes identified were: (1) basis for institutional objection (with objections commonly rooted in religious values and a particular philosophy of palliative care); (2) scope of objection (demonstrating a wide range of practices objected to); (3) lack of transparency regarding institutional position; (4) impacts on patients; (5) impacts on health practitioners; and (6) catalysts for change. Participants reported that many institutions' objections had softened over time, lessening barriers to MAiD access and adverse impacts on patients and health practitioners. Participants attributed this positive change to a range of catalysts including advocacy by health practitioners and family members, policymaking by local health authorities, education, and relationship building. Nevertheless, some institutions, particularly faith-based ones, retained strong objections to MAiD, resulting in forced transfers and negative emotional and psychological impacts on patients, family members, and health practitioners. CONCLUSIONS: This paper adds to the limited evidence base about the impacts of institutional objection and can inform practical and regulatory solutions in Canada and abroad. Reform is needed to minimize the negative impacts on patients, their caregivers, and health practitioners involved in MAiD practice.

[The influence of gender, age and length of service on educational preferences of general practitioners in Russia].

In conditions of active development of medical and pharmaceutical sciences and dynamically changing work environment the education of physician is to be both continuous and personalized. Purpose of the study. To investigate effect of gender, age and work experience on educational needs and on preferences of forms and methods of training in the system of continuing medical education of Russian general practitioners. The research bases were Chairs occupied with issues of personnel training for general medical practice in Moscow, Belgorod and Kemerovo. The sociological, statistical and analytical research methodologies were applied. The overall analysis covered 402 questionnaires for general practitioners. The sampling of respondents included 19.1% of men, 80.9% of women; 52.4% were aged 36-55 (60) years, 29.3% - 24-35 years and 18.3% - 56 (61) years and older; 45.0% had experience in general medical practice up to 2 years, 16.3% - 3-4 years, 27.0% - 5-6 years, 11.7% - 7 or more years. The results of comparative analysis of opinions of physicians of both genders and various age with different time of experience concerning level of significance for practice of various areas of competence within the framework of specialty and their preferences regarding organizational forms, training methods and its duration are presented. It is established that gender, age and length of service had no significant effect on the studied parameters. However, certain characteristics associated with these factors are identified. The further study of possible influence of other internal and external factors can contribute in the future into formulation of scientifically grounded approach to choosing personalized trajectory of education of general practitioner.

Promoting health and preventing malnutrition among children in rural Bangladesh: A qualitative study.

AIM: To describe community healthcare professionals' experiences of preventing malnutrition among children in rural Bangladesh. METHODS: A descriptive qualitative study with a total of seven healthcare professionals were recruited from a non-governmental organisation in rural Bangladesh. Individual in-depth interviews were conducted in November 2018 using a semi-structured interview guide. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed manually using content analysis. RESULTS: The data analysis resulted in two main categories: Implementation and practices in preventing malnutrition and Challenges in working with prevention of malnutrition. Education was considered an important and essential preventative intervention. Healthcare professionals faced challenges in their work in relation to socio-cultural and climate factors. The findings indicate how healthcare professional identified the need for increased knowledge and resources in the community to promote nutritional health in children.

Evaluation of resource allocation for undergraduate nursing professional experience placements coordination in Australian Higher Education; A cross-sectional study with descriptive qualitative thematic analysis.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVE: To assess the implementation of standards by Australian Nursing higher education providers as set by accrediting and regulating bodies and to identify any barriers or enablers to optimizing Professional Experience Placement. To recommend strategies for safeguarding and improving any identified enablers as well as mitigating factors for any identified barriers. BACKGROUND: Professional Experience Placement is an essential element of all accredited Nursing Programs in Australia. The Australian Nursing and Midwifery Accreditation Council is responsible for developing accreditation standards and mandates minimum of 800 h of Professional Experience Placement scaffolded across curriculum which some Higher Education Providers set as their exact baseline for clinical placement duration. DESIGN: Descriptive study using; questionnaire survey with qualitative thematic analysis and CROSS checklist. METHOD: Quantitative method with descriptive qualitative thematic analysis and purposive sampling was used to target 37 higher education institutions that offer BN and BN/BM programs, 33 of these institutions were randomly selected for inclusion. Data was collected over a six-week period from 24th May to 4th July 2022 using Qualtrics online survey. RESULTS: Out of the 33 Higher Education providers who were invited to participate, 51.5 % (n = 17) responded. The respondent's demographics were: 94 % Bachelor of Nursing only placements coordinators while one respondent reported covering both Bachelor of Nursing and Bachelor of Midwifery; Most of the respondents (65 %) were in 40-55 years age group. The respondents reported to have overall responsibility across one to 6 campuses (Mean = 2.2) and having support/administrative staffs ranging from 0 to 15 (Mean = 4.11). Student population among the institutions ranged from 500 to 7500 with a mean of 2365.38. The number of campuses covered had statistically significant relationship with the student population (p < 0.001; 0.392-0.929 confidence interval) however no statistically significant relationship with the number of administrative staff allocated (p = 0.319; -0.297 to 0.704 confidence interval). CONCLUSIONS: While great processes are in place across higher education sector in formalizing nursing professional experience placement, important challenges still exist across the nation that need to be addressed. The quantitative findings should be interpreted with caution given the low questionnaire response rate.

Involving patients and carers in patient safety in primary care: A qualitative study of a co-designed patient safety guide.

BACKGROUND: Involving patients is a key premise of national and international policies on patient safety, which requires understanding how patients or carers want to be involved and developing resources to support this. This paper examines patients' and carers' views of being involved in patient safety in primary care and their views of potentially using a co-designed patient safety guide for primary care (PSG-PC) to foster both involvement and their safety. METHODS: A qualitative study using semistructured face-to-face interviews with 18 patients and/or carers in primary care. Interviews were transcribed and analysis was conducted using an inductive thematic approach. RESULTS: Overall participants expressed enthusiasm for the PSG-PC as a tool to support patients and carers to be involved in patient safety in primary care. However, for some participants being involved in patient safety was seen as taking on the role of General Practitioner and had the potential to add an additional workload for patients. Participants' willingness or ability to be involved in patient safety was influenced by a range of factors including an invisible, often underacknowledged role of everyday safety for patients' interactions with primary care; the levels of involvement that patients wanted in their care and safety and the work of embedding the PSG-PC for patients into their routine interactions with primary care. Participants identified components of the PSG-PC that would be useful to them, in particular, if they had a responsibility for caring for a family member if they had more complex care or long-term conditions. CONCLUSION: Involving patients and carers in patient safety needs a tailored and personalized approach that enables patients and carers to use resources like the PSG-PC routinely and helps challenge assumptions about their willingness and ability to be involved in patient safety. Doing so would raise awareness of opportunities to be involved in safety in line with personal preference. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: Patient and public involvement were central to the research study. This included working in partnership to develop the PSG-PC with patients and carers and throughout our study including in the design of the study, recruiting participants, interpretation of findings.

[The gender and age characteristics of general practitioners in Moscow].

The feminization and middle age decreasing in general practitioner profession is a worldwide trend.Purpose of the study is to explore gender and age structure, professional characteristics of general practitioners in Moscow.The retrospective analysis of personal records of students of the Chair of General Medical Practice of the Institute of Professional Education of the The I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University trained from 2016 to 2020 (n = 400).It is established that women made 80.5% out of them. The average age was 50.7 ± 0.7 years; average general professional experience - 28.8 ± 0.8 years, in general medical practice - 9.7 ± 0.3 years. The internship/residency in therapy was graduated by 84.2% of students. Up to 96.3% worked in state medical organizations. The majority (97.0%) had no academic degree. Indicators with positive dynamics: share of women, physicians with internship/residency in therapy, employees of state medical organizations, without an academic degree. Indicators with negative dynamics: age, professional experience. Differences between men and women were established for residency and professional experience in general medical practice.The average social and professional portrait of general practitioner in Moscow: woman 50 years old graduated internship/residency in therapy, professional experience of more than 20 years, with professional retraining about 10 years ago, working in state medical organization, no academic degree.The activities were proposed considering gender and age specifics, professional characteristics of general practitioners, directed to increasing efficiency and comfort of training.

Considering vocational training as selection criterion for medical students: evidence for predictive validity.

Prior work experience in a relevant medical profession is an important admission criterion currently used at many German medical schools in addition to cognitive criteria. In other countries, work experience is often considered in later admission stages (e.g., interviews with pre-selected subgroups of applicants). However, evidence for its predictive validity for study success in addition to cognitive admission criteria is currently lacking. We therefore assessed whether completed vocational training in a relevant medical profession can predict study performance in the first two years of study in addition to cognitive admission criteria. Admission and study performance data of all currently enrolled medical students at two German medical schools (Göttingen and Heidelberg) beginning with the 2013/14 cohort were retrospectively analyzed. Cognitive admission criteria in our sample were GPA grades and a cognitive test ("Test für Medizinische Studiengänge", TMS). We defined the study outcome parameter as the mean percentile rank over all performance data points over the first two years of study for each location, respectively. A multi-level model with varying intercepts by location, GPA, TMS, vocational training, and sex as predictors accounted for 14.5% of the variance in study outcome. A positive predictive association with study outcome was found for vocational training (ß = 0.33, p = .008) beyond GPA (ß = 0.38, p < .001) and TMS (ß = 0.26, p < .001). Our results support the use of prior vocational training as a selection criterion for medical studies potentially adding predictive validity to cognitive criteria.

Assessment of the Current Endodontic Practices among General Dental Practitioners in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

A contemporary knowledge of root canal treatment (RCT) is a prerequisite for a successful outcome. Studies observed that General Dental Practitioners (GDPs) were not abreast of current endodontic knowledge due to a lack of continuing dental education, not following the treatment protocols that they had learned in their undergraduate program, and overlooking the evidence-based current endodontic practices. Therefore, this study was intended to assess the awareness, attitude, and clinical endodontic practices among General Dental Practitioners in Saudi Arabia. This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among all 312 GDPs working in Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic details and 23 questions regarding current endodontic practices. The collected data was analyzed using the SPSS Version 21 (Chicago, IL, USA). The chi-square test was applied to explore the influence of gender, workplace, and the years of professional activity on the materials and techniques employed in the RCT procedure. The study results showed that of all respondents, 159 (51.0%) were males, 153 (49.0%) were females, and 286 (91.7%) were Saudi nationals. Most of the GDPs, i.e., 204 (65.4%) practiced in private hospitals or clinics whereas 108 (34.6%) practiced in Government hospitals. Root canal treatment on all teeth had been performed by 196 (62%) of the practitioners. Association of gender with demographic details and endodontic practices revealed a statistically significant difference between both genders with respect to region, nationality, type of RCT treated on the tooth, and the technique used to measure the working length (p < 0.05). Furthermore, years of professional experience and workplace significantly affect endodontic practices (p < 0.05). This study concluded that most of the general dental practitioners complied with quality standard guidelines showing a positive attitude toward endodontic practices. Furthermore, irrespective of gender, most of the steps in endodontic procedures revealed a significant association with years of professional experience and the workplace.

Perspectives on Participation in a Feasibility Study on Exercise-Based Cardiac Telerehabilitation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: Qualitative Interview Study Among Patients and Health Professionals.

BACKGROUND: Aortic valve stenosis affects approximately half of people aged ≥85 years, and the recommended surgical treatment for older patients is transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Despite strong evidence for its advantages, low attendance rate in cardiac rehabilitation is observed among patients after TAVI. Cardiac telerehabilitation (CTR) has proven comparable with center-based rehabilitation; however, no study has investigated CTR targeting patients after TAVI. On the basis of participatory design, an exercise-based CTR program (TeleTAVI) was developed, which included a web-based session with a cardiac nurse, a tablet containing an informative website, an activity tracker, and supervised home-based exercise sessions that follow the national recommendations for cardiac rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore patients' and health professionals' experiences with using health technologies and participating in the exercise-based CTR program, TeleTAVI. METHODS: This study is a part of a feasibility study and will only report patients' and health professionals' experiences of being a part of TeleTAVI. A total of 11 qualitative interviews were conducted using a semistructured interview guide (n=7, 64% patients and n=4, 36% health professionals). Patient interviews were conducted after 8 weeks of participation in TeleTAVI, and interviews with health professionals were conducted after the end of the program. The analysis was conducted as inductive content analysis to create a condensed meaning presented as themes. RESULTS: Reticence toward using the website was evident with reduced curiosity to explore it, and reduced benefit from using the activity tracker was observed, as the patients' technical competencies were challenged. This was also found when using the tablet for web-based training sessions, leading to patients feeling worried before the training, as they anticipated technical problems. Disadvantages of the TeleTAVI program were technical problems and inability to use hands-on guidance with the patients. However, both physiotherapists and patients reported a feeling of improvement in patients' physical fitness. The home training created a feeling of safety, supported adherence, and made individualization possible, which the patients valued. A good relationship and continuity in the contact with health professionals seemed very important for the patients and affected their positive attitude toward the program. CONCLUSIONS: The home-based nature of the TeleTAVI program seems to provide the opportunity to support individualization, autonomy, independence, and adherence to physical training in addition to improvement in physical capability in older patients. Despite technological challenges, basing the relationship between the health professionals and patients on continuity may be beneficial for patients. Prehabilitation may also be considered, as it may create familiarity toward technology and adherence to the training.

Triggers of Agitation in Psychiatric Hospitalization Ward According to Professional Experience Questionnaire.

AIM: To create and analyze an instrument to assess the possible agitation triggers of hospitalized psychiatric patients. BACKGROUND: No tools exist for identifying according to a professional's experience. METHODS: Descriptive and cross-sectional study. The questionnaire of possible triggers of agitation behaviors of patients hospitalized in psychiatric wards according to professional experience (TAPE) was designed and analyzed. RESULTS: The questionnaire was provided to 156 mental health workers (76.9% women, average work experience: 10.15 ± 8 years, 46.8% were nurses specialized in mental health, and 21.2% psychiatrists). A good internal consistency was obtained, with a Cronbach α value of 0.791 in the initial test, and 0.892 in the retest. The factorial analysis found four factors: factor 1 "personnel", factor 2 "routines", factor 3 "norms-infrastructure", and factor 4 "clinic". Factor 1 obtained the highest value, with a mean of 4.16 ± 0.63, highlighting the item "lack of specialized personnel" (mean 4.38 ± 0.81). The specialized professionals provided higher scores to the items from the factors associated with the training of the personnel and routines (p = 0.017; p = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS: The TAPE questionnaire is useful for identifying the possible triggers that could lead to situations of agitation of hospitalized patients.

Experiences in distance education and practical use of ICT during the COVID-19 epidemic of Slovenian primary school music teachers with different professional experiences.

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of music teachers' professional experience on ICT use in Slovenian primary education before and after the proclamation of the COVID-19 epidemic. We collected data using an online questionnaire; eighty-three music teachers participated. We divided them into three groups with different professional experiences. The results show that music teachers with less professional experience used ICT more and had fewer problems than those with more professional experience. The creative ICT use of music teachers in primary schools today has a significant impact on the quality of learning objectives, motivation and efficiency.

State and trait anxiety among medical staff during the first month of COVID-19 pandemic: A sample from Turkey.

OBJECTIVES: During the COVID-19 pandemic, excessive workload, a rapidly changing workplace environment, the danger of carrying the virus and transmitting the disease to their families, relatives and those they live with creates stress for the medical workers. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the state and trait anxiety levels of healthcare professionals who encounter patients with suspected COVID-19 infection and related factors. METHOD: Data were collected from healthcare professionals working with patients diagnosed or suspected with COVID-19 via online self-report questionnaire between 9-19 April 2020. The state (STAI-S) and trait anxiety (STAI-T) scale was used to measure anxiety. RESULTS: A total of 291 healthcare professionals, 216 women and 75 men, participated in the study. Women's state and trait anxiety were significantly higher than men's. 11 participants without any lifetime psychiatric illness experienced psychiatric symptoms and consulted to a psychiatrist. The state anxiety of those who have children, nurses and those working in branches directly related to the pandemic (Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Diseases, Emergency Medicine, Internal Medicine, Radiology, Anesthesiology and Reanimation) was higher than others. The state anxiety of those who thought they were not protected with personal protective equipment and those who did not stay in their own home was higher than others. CONCLUSIONS: At the forefront of the fight against COVID-19, there are medical personnel who pay a serious psychological cost. Especially in terms of anxiety, we should pay attention to women, workers with children, nurses and people working in branches that are directly related to pandemics.

Escrever-como-sonhar a prática profissional de um coordenador da ULIS: a repetição de uma realidade não sonhada / Escribir-como-soñar la práctica profesional de un coordinador ULIS: la repetición de una realidad no soñada / Writing-as-dreaming the professional practice of an ULIS coordinator: the repetition of an undreamt reality / Écrire-rêver le rapport à la pratique professionnelle d'un coordonnateur d'ULIS college: la répétition d'une réalitéinrêvée

Para minha pesquisa de doutorado, explorei a relação de certos coordenadores das ULIS Colégio (Unidades Localizadas para a Inclusão Escolar -em colégios) com suas próprias práticas profissionais na França. No âmbito do projeto nacional para uma escola inclusiva, os coordenadores das ULIS são professores especializados que oferecem um ensino adaptado a alunos reconhecidos como portadores de necessidades especiais. Eles também implementam o PPS (Projeto Personalizado de Escolarização), concebido para cada aluno, em estreita colaboração com os outros professores e atores médico-sociais. A partir de uma abordagem clínica de orientação psicanalítica em ciências da educação e da formação, quis explorar como os professores especializados que ocupam essa função complexa vivenciam seu quotidiano no plano psíquico. Nessa perspectiva, realizei entrevistas de pesquisa clínica com quatro profissionais. Aqui, exponho o dispositivo de análise das entrevistas implementado no a posteriori e o lugar particular da escrita como modalidade de elaboração psíquica. Inspirado no trabalho de T. Ogden (1994, 2005), o termo "escrever-como-sonhar" designa o devaneio [rêverie] subjacente ao processo de escrita nesse dispositivo, o que permite a representatividade do vínculo entrevistador-entrevistado em relação à prática profissional. Para ilustrar esse ponto, apresento a análise de uma única entrevista com um coordenador de uma ULIS. Mostro precisamente o caminho que me levou à hipótese da atualização de uma realidade "insonhável" (Ogden, 2005) na entrevista, em relação ao vínculo do coordenador com os demais professores do colégio

Para mi investigación de doctorado, exploré la relación de ciertos coordinadores universitarios de ULIS (unidad localizada para la educación inclusiva) con sus propias prácticas profesionales en Francia. Como parte del proyecto nacional por una escuela inclusiva, los coordinadores de ULIS son docentes que ofrecen enseñanza adaptada a alumnos con discapacidad reconocida. También implementan el PPS (proyecto de escolarización personalizada), diseñado para cada alumno, en estrecha colaboración con otros docentes y actores médico-sociales. Desde un enfoque clínico orientado psicoanalíticamente en ciencias de la educación, quise explorar cómo los profesores especializados que ocupan esta función experimentan su vida cotidiana en el nivel psíquico. En esta perspectiva, realicé entrevistas de investigación clínica con cuatro profesionales. Aquí expongo el dispositivo de análisis de las entrevistas y el lugar particular de la escritura como modalidad de elaboración psíquica. Inspirado en el trabajo de T. Ogden (1994, 2005), el término "escribir-como-soñar" designa la ensoñación que subyace al proceso de escritura, que permite la representabilidad del vínculo entrevistador-entrevistado en relación con la práctica profesional. Para ilustrar este punto, presento el análisis de una sola entrevista con un coordinador de ULIS. Precisamente muestro el camino que me llevó a la hipótesis de una realidad "no soñada" (Ogden, 2005) que puede afectar la colaboración del entrevistado con los demás profesores de su facultad

For my PhD research, I explored the relationship of certain ULIS college coordinators (localized unit for inclusive education) to their own professional practices in France. As part of the national project for an inclusive school, coordinators of ULIS are teachers who offer adapted teaching to pupils recognized as having disabilities. They also implement the PPS (personalized schooling project), designed for each pupil, in close collaboration with other teachers and medico-social actors. From a psychoanalytically oriented clinical approach in educational sciences, I wanted to explore how specialized teachers occupying this function experience their everyday life on the psychic level. In this perspective, I conducted clinical research interviews with four professionals. Here, I expose the device of interviews analysis and the particular place of writing as a modality of psychic elaboration. Inspired by the work of T. Ogden (1994, 2005), the term "writing-as-dreaming" designates the reverie underlying the process of writing, which allows representability of the interviewer-interviewee link in relation to the professional practice. To illustrate this point, I present the analysis of a single interview with a ULIS coordinator. I precisely show the path that led me to the hypothesis of an "undreamt" reality (Ogden, 2005) that may affect the interviewee's collaboration with the other teachers of his college

Pour ma recherche doctorale, j'ai exploré le rapport de certains coordonnateurs d'ULIS collège (Unité localisée pour l'inclusion scolaire) à leurs propres pratiques professionnelles en France. Dans le cadre du projet national pour une école inclusive, les coordonnateurs d'ULIS sont des enseignants spécialisésqui proposent un enseignement adapté auprès des élèves reconnus en situation de handicap et mettent en œuvre le PPS (Projet personnalisé de scolarisation), conçu pour chacun d'entre eux, en collaboration étroite avec les autres enseignants et acteurs du médico-social. À partir d'une approche clinique d'orientation psychanalytique en sciences de l'éducation et de la formation, j'ai souhaité explorer comment les enseignants spécialisés occupant cette fonction complexe vivaient leur métier sur le plan psychique. Dans cette perspective, j'ai mené des entretiens cliniques de recherche avec quatre professionnels. Ici, j'expose le dispositif d'analyse des entretiens mis en place dans l'après-coup et la place particulière de l'écriture comme une modalité d'élaboration psychique. Inspiré des travaux de T. Ogden (1994, 2005), le terme « écrire-rêver ¼ désigne la rêverie sous-tendant le processus de l'écriture dans ce dispositif, qui permet la représentabilité du lien interviewer-interviewé en rapport avec la pratique professionnelle. Pour illustrer ce propos, je présente l'analyse d'un seul entretien avec un coordonnateur, en restituant le chemin qui m'a amené à l'hypothèse de l'actualisation d'une réalité «inrêvée¼ (Ogden, 2005) dans l'entretien en rapport avec son lien aux autres enseignants du collège

Attitudinal Barriers Hindering Adoption of Telepsychiatry among Mental Healthcare Professionals: Israel as a Case-Study.

Despite proven advantages for the use of telemedicine in psychiatry, mental healthcare professionals have shown deep-seated mistrust and suspicion of telepsychiatry, which hinders its widespread application. The current study examines the attitudes of Israeli mental health professionals towards telepsychiatry and seeks to uncover the effects of experience and organizational affiliation on its adoption. The methodology included qualitative and thematic analysis of 27 in-depth interviews with Israeli mental health professionals, focusing on three major themes-clinical quality, economic efficiency, and the effects on the work-life balance of healthcare professionals. The attitudes of mental health professionals were found to be widely divergent and sharply dichotomized regarding different aspects of telepsychiatry and its suitability for mental healthcare services. However, there was a general consensus that telemedicine may not fulfil its promise of being a panacea to the problems of modern public medicine. In addition, attitudes were related to hierarchical position, organizational affiliation, and personal experience with telepsychiatry. Specifically, organizational affiliation influenced experience with and support for the assimilation of telepsychiatry. The study also revealed the role of organizational leadership and culture in promoting or inhibiting the proliferation and adoption of innovative technologies and services in modern medicine.