Imported taeniasis in the context of colon hydrotherapy.

We report a case of imported taeniasis, under the modality of "visiting friends and relatives", in the context of colon hydrotherapy. This technique allows the detection of proglottids, diagnosed in this case as Taenia saginata based on the gravid proglottid that presented more than 13 uterine branches and showed active motility. Moreover, the patient did not consume pork for religious reasons. The treatment with paromomicin sulfate was effective. In this case, a trip to Ethiopia, together with the ingestion of raw beef, was the cause of parasitization. It is highly advisable to obtain detailed information from the patient on their background, especially their travel and dietary histories.

Prevalence of taeniosis in pig farming community in Andhra Pradesh, India.

Taeniosis is one of the neglected zoonoses in India. Facts on taeniosis, compared to cysticercosis are scanty in India. Hence, this study is aimed to determine the occurrence of taeniosis in human beings in Andhra Pradesh, India. A total of 1380 stool samples were collected from people associated with pig farming and or had the habit of pork eating in certain districts (n = 7) of Andhra Pradesh. Prevalence of human taeniosis was determined using microscopic examination of stool samples and proglottds. The overall prevalence of taeniosis was found to be 0.79%. Morphology of gravid segments revealed lower number of lateral branches indicating T. solium segments. Age and gender of human were not associated with the occurrence of taeniosis. The low prevalence of taeniosis in human indicates good hygiene and sanitation practices in humans, and awareness about the disease and its transmission. Further studies involving more sensitive techniques on stool and serum samples are warranted.

Dipylidium caninum: First case in an adult female from uttarakhand and review of literature.

Dipylidium caninum is a rare cestode infection in India, only previously reported in children. We herein report the case of a 50-year-old female from India who presented with a 1-year history of abdominal pain associated with vomiting, cough, and passing worm segments in stool. She had been treated with albendazole without benefit. A stool examination revealed proglottids and egg clusters of D. caninum. She was treated with praziquental 600 mg once daily for 5 days. At follow-up a month later, she had recovered completely, and repeat stool examination was negative for proglottids and eggs. Dipylidiasis can rarely occur among adults in India and present with abdominal pain and cough.

Evaluation of dynamic developmental processes and the molecular basis of the high body fat percentage of different proglottid types of Moniezia expansa.

BACKGROUND: Moniezia expansa (Cyclophyllidea: Anoplocephalidae) is a large species of tapeworm that occurs in sheep and cattle and inhabits the small intestine, causing diarrhea and weight declines, leading to stockbreeding losses. Interestingly, the body fat percentage of M. expansa, which lacks the ability to synthesize fatty acids, is as high as 78% (dry weight) and all of the proglottids of M. expansa exhibit a dynamic developmental process from top to bottom. The aim of this paper is to identify the molecular basis of this high body fat percentage, the dynamic expression of developmental genes and their expression regulation patterns. RESULTS: From 12 different proglottids (four sections: scolex and neck, immature, mature and gravid with three replicates), 13,874 transcripts and 680 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained. The gene expression patterns of the scolex and neck and immature proglottids were very similar, while those of the mature and gravid proglottids differed greatly. In addition, 13 lipid transport-related proteins were found in the DEGs, and the expression levels showed an increasing trend in the four proglottid types. Furthermore, it was shown that 33 homeobox genes, 9 of which were DEGs, had the highest expression in the scolex and neck section. The functional enrichment results of the DEGs were predominantly indicative of development-related processes, and there were also some signal transduction and metabolism results. The most striking result was the finding of Wnt signaling pathways, which appeared multiple times. Furthermore, the weighted gene co-expression networks were divided into 12 modules, of which the brown module was enriched with many development-related genes. CONCLUSIONS: We hypothesize that M. expansa uses lipid transport-associated proteins to transport lipids from the host gut to obtain energy to facilitate its high fecundity. In addition, homeobox genes and Wnt signaling pathways play a core role in development and regeneration. The results promote research on the cell differentiation involved in the continuous growth and extension of body structures.

Diagnóstico de Inermicapsifer madagascariensis en dos niños / Diagnosis of Inermicapsifer madagascariensis in two children

Se presentan los casos de dos niños, hermanos, de los cuales se recibieron muestras de heces fecales en el laboratorio de microbiología del municipio Güines, provincia Mayabeque. Las muestras contenían minúsculos proglótides, que resultaron ser de Inermicapsifer madagascariensis. Luego del tratamiento con praziquantel 10 mg/kg en dosis única, orientado por el servicio de pediatría, se confirmó la expulsión de restos del parásito y la curación de dicha infección, tras resultados negativos por controles repetitivos de heces fecales durante seis meses. Se decide publicar estos raros casos diagnosticados y estimular estudios de campo que permitan completar el ciclo evolutivo de este parásito(AU)

We are presenting the cases of two sibling children, from whom samples of faeces were received in the microbiology laboratory of the Güines municipality, Mayabeque province. The samples contained tiny proglottids, which turned out to be from Inermicapsifer madagascariensis. After treatment with Praziquantel 10 mg/kg in a single dose, guided by the pediatric service, the expulsion of parasite remains and the cure of this infection were confirmed, after negative results due to repetitive controls of faecal stools for six months. It is decided to publish these rare diagnosed cases and stimulate field studies to complete the evolutionary cycle of this parasite(AU)