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1.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34190465

RESUMO

In conditions of increasing of load caused by rapid development of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) pandemic, health care systems of various countries faced the shortage of basic resources, including individual protection means for medical personnel and population that required taking complex measures to eliminate the situation. In the Tomsk oblast, the unified system of supplying medical organizations with individual protection means was organized. The system provides centralization of management of supplies and their distribution; standardization of approaches to using, accounting, storage and utilization of protection means depending on type and conditions of medical care support; monitoring system of provision of individual protection means applying lean manufacturing tools. The implementation of the project made it possible to ensure at the initial stage of the pandemic the maintenance of individual protection means stock in every institution not less than for 7 days and subsequently not less than 30 days demand.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Pandemias , Atenção à Saúde , Pessoal de Saúde , Humanos , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , SARS-CoV-2
2.
Artigo em Chinês | WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) | ID: wpr-852268

RESUMO

The protection system for varieties of Chinese materia medica (CMM) aims at regulating and protecting varieties of CMM, which also plays a protective role in intellectual property rights for CMM at the same time. From the analysis of the original intention and legal source, the essence of the system is the administrative supervision and protection of varieties of CMM. From the analysis of the function and the rights feature, it contains the nature of intellectual property rights. Based on the characteristics of the intellectual property protection effectiveness by administrative regulation, it can be regarded as an administration system for intellectual property rights protection of CMM. It is consistent with the international trends of taking administrative measures to protect intellectual property rights of pharmaceuticals, which will rich the thought for the revision of regulations on protection of CMM, and will also provide references to the construction of the special protection system of traditional knowledge of CMM.

3.
Z Med Phys ; 26(4): 298-303, 2016 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26341280

RESUMO

The human eye lens appears to be more radiosensitive than previously assumed. The reduction of the limit for the dose to the lens of the eye to 20 mSv per year has been passed in the current Euratom Directives (2013). Therefore, in this work the impact of laboratory glasses and X-ray protective goggles was investigated and reciprocal attenuation factors (i.e. transmission factors) for different nuclides (Tc-99m, I-131, Y-90, F-18 and Ga-68) were determined. The radionuclides in typical geometry (syringe, applicator) were positioned at a distance of 50 cm to the eyes of four Alderson-Head-Phantoms. Different dosemeters measuring Hp(3) respective Hp(0.07) were fixed to the eyes of the phantoms, either behind the glasses or without any protection means, respectively. The mean reciprocal attenuation factors were determined to be between unity for F-18 and I-131 using laboratory glasses (no attenuation effect) and < 0.01 for Y-90 using X-ray protective goggles. All other results were between these extremes. It has been shown, that prospective doses to the lens of the eye can be reduced significantly by using appropriate radiation protection means, especially for those dose-relevant beta radiation emitting nuclides such as Y-90.


Assuntos
Dispositivos de Proteção dos Olhos , Cristalino/efeitos da radiação , Exposição Ocupacional/prevenção & controle , Exposição à Radiação/prevenção & controle , Proteção Radiológica/instrumentação , Radioisótopos/análise , Absorção de Radiação , Desenho de Equipamento , Análise de Falha de Equipamento , Traumatismos Oculares/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Cristalino/lesões , Medicina Nuclear/instrumentação , Medicina Nuclear/métodos , Exposição Ocupacional/análise , Doses de Radiação , Exposição à Radiação/análise , Lesões por Radiação/prevenção & controle , Proteção Radiológica/métodos , Radiometria/métodos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
4.
Rev. cuba. hig. epidemiol ; 49(3)sept.-dic. 2011. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-56235

RESUMO

La bioseguridad se considera como una doctrina de comportamiento encaminada a lograr actitudes y conductas que disminuyan el riesgo del trabajador. Los profesionales de enfermería del servicio de Nefrología, por la naturaleza de su trabajo, están expuestos a riesgos físicos, químicos, biológicos y dependiente de factores humanos. El colectivo puede estar influyendo en el no cumplimiento de las normas de bioseguridad por falta de conocimientos. Nos proponemos evaluar los aspectos que influyen en el cumplimiento de las medidas de bioseguridad por enfermería en el servicio de hemodiálisis, determinar el nivel de conocimiento e identificar los factores que influyen en su cumplimiento. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, a un universo constituido por 15 enfermeros que se encontraban laborando en este servicio en el primer cuatrimestre de 2009. Se les aplicaron dos técnicas, consistentes en cuestionario y observación. Todos identificaron el riesgo biológico. El 87,7 por ciento expresó nivel suficiente de conocimientos sobre bioseguridad; el 93,3 por ciento acerca de medios de protección y manipulación de instrumentos punzocortantes y el 73,3 por ciento sobre ropa contaminada. En la observación se evidenció que el lavado de manos fue cumplido por el 93,3 por ciento con infracciones de requisitos, y fueron mínimas en el manejo y disposición de materiales. Se cumplió al 93,3 por ciento el uso de desinfectantes y detergentes; al 100 por ciento la disposición de ropa, no así el uso de gafas y delantales. El 86,7 por ciento de los enfermeros fueron vacunados contra la hepatitis B, y más de la mitad de ellos identificaron las medidas de bioseguridad, aunque no las utilizaron según las normas establecidas y sí emplearon los medios de protección, excepto los que no están en existencia. Se concluye que, aunque el profesional de enfermería posee conocimientos sobre las medidas de bioseguridad, no las utiliza de forma adecuada, por lo ...(AU)


The biosafety is considered as the behavior doctrine aimed to achieve attitudes and behaviors decreasing the worker risk. The Nursing professionals from the Nephrology service, due to the origin of their work are exposed to physical, chemical, biological risks and also are dependent of human factors. The staff may be influenced in the no fulfillment of biosafety standards by a lack of knowledges. Our aim if to assess the concepts influencing in the fulfillments of biosafety measures by nursing staff in the hemodialysis service, to determine the level of knowledge and to identify the factors influencing in its fulfilment. A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in 15 nurses working in this service during the first four months of 2009. Two techniques were applied (questionnaire and observation). All identified the biological risk. The 87,7 percent expressed a sufficient level of knowledge on biosafety; the 93,3 percent about the protection means and the management of sharp-cutting instruments and the 73 percent about contaminated clothe. At observation it was evidenced that the handwashing was fulfilled by the 93,3 percent with requirements infringements and were minimal in the management and disposition of materials. The use of disinfectants and detergents was fulfilled at the 93,3 percent; at 100 percent the clothes disposition, but not the use of glasses and aprons. SThe 86,7 percent of nursers were vaccinated against B hepatitis, and more than a half identified the biosafety measures, although were not applied according to the established standards but used the protection means, except those not available. We conclude that although the nursing professional has knowledges on the biosafety measures not used it in a appropriate way, thus authors suggest to design and to develop a continuous training program in the nursing staff emphasizing the existence of protection material and to extend present study to institutions with ...(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , /métodos , Riscos Ocupacionais , Unidades Hospitalares de Hemodiálise/normas , Cuidados de Enfermagem/normas
5.
Rev. cuba. hig. epidemiol ; 49(3): 356-372, sep.-dic. 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-615317

RESUMO

La bioseguridad se considera como una doctrina de comportamiento encaminada a lograr actitudes y conductas que disminuyan el riesgo del trabajador. Los profesionales de enfermería del servicio de Nefrología, por la naturaleza de su trabajo, están expuestos a riesgos físicos, químicos, biológicos y dependiente de factores humanos. El colectivo puede estar influyendo en el no cumplimiento de las normas de bioseguridad por falta de conocimientos. Nos proponemos evaluar los aspectos que influyen en el cumplimiento de las medidas de bioseguridad por enfermería en el servicio de hemodiálisis, determinar el nivel de conocimiento e identificar los factores que influyen en su cumplimiento. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, a un universo constituido por 15 enfermeros que se encontraban laborando en este servicio en el primer cuatrimestre de 2009. Se les aplicaron dos técnicas, consistentes en cuestionario y observación. Todos identificaron el riesgo biológico. El 87,7 por ciento expresó nivel suficiente de conocimientos sobre bioseguridad; el 93,3 por ciento acerca de medios de protección y manipulación de instrumentos punzocortantes y el 73,3 por ciento sobre ropa contaminada. En la observación se evidenció que el lavado de manos fue cumplido por el 93,3 por ciento con infracciones de requisitos, y fueron mínimas en el manejo y disposición de materiales. Se cumplió al 93,3 por ciento el uso de desinfectantes y detergentes; al 100 por ciento la disposición de ropa, no así el uso de gafas y delantales. El 86,7 por ciento de los enfermeros fueron vacunados contra la hepatitis B, y más de la mitad de ellos identificaron las medidas de bioseguridad, aunque no las utilizaron según las normas establecidas y sí emplearon los medios de protección, excepto los que no están en existencia. Se concluye que, aunque el profesional de enfermería posee conocimientos sobre las medidas de bioseguridad, no las utiliza de forma adecuada, por lo que se sugiere diseñar y desarrollar un programa de capacitación continua al personal de enfermería, con énfasis en la existencia de material de protección, y hacer extensivo el presente estudio a instituciones con características similares.


The biosafety is considered as the behavior doctrine aimed to achieve attitudes and behaviors decreasing the worker risk. The Nursing professionals from the Nephrology service, due to the origin of their work are exposed to physical, chemical, biological risks and also are dependent of human factors. The staff may be influenced in the no fulfillment of biosafety standards by a lack of knowledges. Our aim if to assess the concepts influencing in the fulfillments of biosafety measures by nursing staff in the hemodialysis service, to determine the level of knowledge and to identify the factors influencing in its fulfilment. A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in 15 nurses working in this service during the first four months of 2009. Two techniques were applied (questionnaire and observation). All identified the biological risk. The 87,7 percent expressed a sufficient level of knowledge on biosafety; the 93,3 percent about the protection means and the management of sharp-cutting instruments and the 73 percent about contaminated clothe. At observation it was evidenced that the handwashing was fulfilled by the 93,3 percent with requirements infringements and were minimal in the management and disposition of materials. The use of disinfectants and detergents was fulfilled at the 93,3 percent; at 100 percent the clothes disposition, but not the use of glasses and aprons. SThe 86,7 percent of nursers were vaccinated against B hepatitis, and more than a half identified the biosafety measures, although were not applied according to the established standards but used the protection means, except those not available. We conclude that although the nursing professional has knowledges on the biosafety measures not used it in a appropriate way, thus authors suggest to design and to develop a continuous training program in the nursing staff emphasizing the existence of protection material and to extend present study to institutions with similar concepts.

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