Why do Chinese women experience gamophobia? Psychoanalytic theory assisted discourses analysis.

Social media is currently abuzz with discussions about the topic of women's gamophobia in China. Nevertheless, there is few research investigating gamophobia from a psychological perspective. This study utilizes content analysis and sentiment analysis to examine and analyze 879 individuals' texts about gamophobia on Little Red Book and uses psychoanalytic theory, which is centered on comprehending and interpreting the psychological processes of the human mind, to investigate the elements that contribute to women's gamophobia, aiming to address this knowledge gap. This investigation revealed that gamophobia might exert physical, psychological, and several other effects on individuals. This study employs a psychoanalytic framework and concludes that the rise of independent consciousness, many unhappy marriages in their environment, anxiety about dealing with unfamiliar family relationships, pursuit of personal and professional development, original family issues, changing perceptions of aging care, the media effect, the concept of parenthood, and criteria for choosing a life partner are the nine primary factors contributing to women's gamophobia. To address the societal issues and outcomes resulting from a fear of marriage, it is advisable for those who experience this phobia to examine their negative defensive mechanisms and prioritize rational thinking in their mindset. Moreover, the Government should establish a social atmosphere that ensures women are neither influenced nor constrained by the media. Furthermore, promote holistic family education to bolster the self-awareness and prospective family comprehension of young individuals. Finally, government departments should also offer promotion and supporting measures to help assuage women's concerns about marriages.

The Modal Components of Judgements in a Quantum Model of Psychoanalytic Theory.

In the present paper, we develop a theory of thinking based on an attempt to formalize the construction of mental representations as described in psychoanalytic theory. In previous work, we described Freud's and Matte Blanco's structural Unconscious in a formal model in which the properties of unconscious representations are captured by particular sets-infinite singletons-that can be derived in first-order logic language. Here, we afford the issue of the finitization of unconscious representations by assuming that the mind can form an all-purpose modality, originating from abstraction from infinite singletons; in this way, a symmetric prelogical setting for mental representations is formally created, and this is interpreted in a quantum spin model by a modal (necessity) projector. Then, by introducing time, one can describe the links that mental representations can establish with reality, and hence finitize the representations. The modality is so split into finite components, here termed positive, negative and irreal; the splitting of the modality is traced back to the decomposition of the spin observables by means of the Pauli matrices, which can offer a quantum semantics to the method applied. Here, we suggest that the development of the modal approach and its quantum logic implementation can be considered as a proper formalization of some aspect of the psychoanalytic theory of thinking proposed by Bion; namely, we will show that the process of abstraction leading from raw data to preconceptions, and therefore to the definition of the content-container relationship, is adequately captured by our model, and further correspondences can be detected with Bion's theory about links and transformations, implying different ways in which the mind can get in touch with both internal and external reality.

Uma leitura psicanalítica sobre o consumo de manipulações corporais na contemporaneidade / Une lecture psychanalytique sur la consommation des manipulations corporelles à l'époque contemporaine / A psychoanalytical reading on the consumption of body manipulations in contemporary times

O presente artigo visa abordar o fenômeno contemporâneo do consumo de manipulações corporais do tipo estético a partir da teoria e da clínica psicanalíticas. Nossa hipótese de pesquisa é que a menor potência do ideal do eu em sua vertente de interdito afeta a consistência da imagem corporal, culminando em um sofrimento psíquico provocado pelo desregramento pulsional. Indagamos se a intervenção no corpo poderia apaziguar a relação imaginária através de uma idealização do corpo vendida como mercadoria

Cet article vise à aborder le phénomène contemporain de consommation de manipulations corporelles de type esthétique en s'appuyant sur la théorie et la clinique psychanalytiques. Notre hypothèse de recherche est que la puissance inférieure de l'Idéal du Moi dans son aspect d'interdit affecte la cohérence de l'imagecorporelle, culminant dans la souffrance psychique causée par le trouble instinctif. Nous nous sommes demandé si l'intervention sur le corps pouvait apaiser la relation imaginaire par une idéalisation du corps vendu comme une marchandise

This article aims to address the contemporary phenomenon of consumption of body manipulations of the aesthetic type based on psychoanalytic theory and clinics. Our research hypothesis is that the lower power of the ego ideal in its interdict aspect affects the consistency of the body image, culminating in psychic suffering caused by instinctual disorder. We asked whether intervention in the body could appease the imaginary relationship through an idealization of the body sold as a merchandise.

Relationship between psychodynamic functioning, defensive mechanisms and trauma in patients with PTSD?

OBJECTIVE: Patients with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) present a variety of symptoms, with different intensities, causing impairments in the individual, social and occupational functioning areas. The aim of this study was to understand the psychodynamic functioning of patients with PTSD, exploring the relationship between symptom severity, quality of life, subjective suffering, conflicts and psychic structure regarding sociodemographic characteristics, styles and defensive mechanisms. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional quantitative study with 60 participants. The following were used: sociodemographic questionnaire, the Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis-2 (OPD-2) and the Defensive Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40). RESULTS: Participants had moderate to high symptom severity, with significant subjective suffering and isolation. The main conflict was Need for care x Self-sufficiency and the level of Total Structure was moderate/low. The use of immature, neurotic, and mature defensive styles was observed. More primitive personality structures, more rigid defenses and greater dependence were found in patients with history of past trauma. Other mental disorders were also associated. CONCLUSION: OPD-2 was effective to assess the psychodynamic functioning characteristics of patients with PTSD. Therapeutic treatment should focus on the psychic structure and not only on symptom control. Prevention strategies should target vulnerability factors and strengthening of protective factors.

How Psychoanalytic Theory and Track II Diplomacy Can Inform Each Other: A Dialogue with the Former Heads of India and Pakistan's Foreign Intelligence Agencies.

Starting with Sigmund Freud, psychoanalysts have considered the psychological dimensions of peacemaking in international relations. In the 1980s, psychiatrists, psychologists, and diplomats began developing theories on Track II negotiations, defined as unofficial meetings among influential stakeholders with access to government policymakers. In recent years, psychoanalytic theory building has waned with the decline of interdisciplinary collaborations among mental health professionals and practitioners of international relations. This study seeks to revive such collaborations by analyzing the reflections of an ongoing dialogue between a cultural psychiatrist trained in South Asian studies, the former head of India's foreign intelligence agency, and the former head of Pakistan's foreign intelligence agency on applications of psychoanalytic theory to Track II initiatives. Both former heads have participated in Track II initiatives to build peace between India and Pakistan and agreed to react on the record to a systematic review of psychoanalytic theories on Track II. This article describes how our dialogue can offer new directions for theory building and the practical conduct of negotiations.

The role of the photographic arts in psychiatry.

Photography is a medium that has historical roots in psychiatry. It is an art form that shares some concepts with psychodynamic psychotherapy and can also provide psychotherapeutic value. In addition, it can provide a means of stress reduction for the burned-out clinician. Photographs can also be utilised for educational activities to stimulate reflection and discussion.

A metodologia topológica freudiana: elementos introdutórios / The freudian topological methodology: introductory elements / La méthodologie topologique freudienne: éléments préliminaires

Pretende-se evidenciar uma questão que tem sido pouco explorada: a existência de uma lógica dos lugares na obra freudiana, a que seria possível chamar de metodologia topológica freudiana. Espera-se contribuir com a exposição dos elementos introdutórios à compreensão das raízes, da constituição e dos desdobramentos do emprego de tal metodologia por Freud. Adota-se, para tanto, o seguinte encaminhamento: o discernimento da noção de invariante como categoria topológica e sua presença no percurso freudiano, o entrelaçamento dos invariantes com a metapsicologia freudiana, bem como a sua concepção psicopatológica, e, destas, com a sexualidade. Depreende-se que o discernimento de tais elementos é fundamental tanto para a compreensão do recurso singular à topologia por Lacan, como para o entrecruzamento entre a experiência psicanalítica, sua formalização teórica e sua transmissão

It is intended to highlight an underexplored issue: the existence of a logic of locations in Freud's work, which could be called Freudian topological methodology. It is expected to contribute with the exposition of introductory elements to the understanding of the roots, constitution and consequences of the use of such methodology by Freud. For this purpose, the following procedure is adopted: the discernment of the notion of invariant as a topological category and its presence in the Freudian path, the interweaving of the invariants with Freudian metapsychology and its psychopathological conception, and, of these, with sexuality. It appears that the discernment of such elements is fundamental both for understanding Lacan's unique resource to topology, and for the intercrossing between the psychoanalytic experience, its theoretical formalization and its transmission

On cherche à mettre en évidence une question qui a été peu étudiée : l'existence d'une logique des lieux dans l'œuvre freudienne, que l'on pourrait appeler la méthodologie topologique freudienne. En exposant ces éléments préliminaires, on espère contribuer à une meilleure compréhension des racines de cette méthodologie, de ses implications et de la manière dont Freud l'a utilisée. À cet effet, on adopte le cheminement suivant : le discernement de la notion d'invariant comme catégorie topologique et sa présence dans le parcours freudien, l'entrelacement des invariants avec la métapsychologie freudienne et sa conception psychopathologique, et de ces premiers et ces dernières avec la sexualité. Il en ressort que le fait de discerner ces éléments est fondamental, aussi bien pour la compréhension de la manière singulière dont Lacan a eu recours à cette topologie, que pour l'entrecroisement de l'expérience psychanalytique, de sa formalisation théorique et de sa transmission

Examining the Basic Assumption of Psychoanalytic Theory Regarding Normal and Abnormal Grief: Roles of Unfinished Businesses and Bereavement Related Guilt.

To date, several theoretical models have been proposed to explain how the expected and natural grief processes turns into psychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of empirical research examining the basic assumption of psychoanalytic theory regarding pre-death conflict and bereavement related guilt. Accordingly, the current study aimed to investigate the mediator role of bereavement related guilt in the relationship between the pre-death conflict and maladaptive grief process. The sample consisted of 447 bereaved adults who lost a loved one due to death in the last 5 years. The Unfinished Business in Bereavement (UBBS), Bereavement Guilt Scale (BGS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Prolonged Grief Disorder Scale (PG-13) scales were administered. The results indicated that the UBBS scores were positively correlated with both BDI and PG-13 scores, and BGS scores mediated these relationships. Obtained findings were discussed in relation to psychoanalytic theory and existing studies in the grief literature.

Understanding the psychodynamic functioning of patients with PTSD and CPTSD: qualitative analysis from the OPD 2 interview.

The traumatic event produces intolerable excitations to the psychic apparatus that searches to relief them through the production of symptoms. When established, patients with post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) may experience flashbacks, somatizations, negative emotions about themselves, and difficulty in social contact. This work seeks to understand how the psychodynamic functioning of women victims of interpersonal and urban violence, diagnosed with these disorders, is organized, identifying traumatic experiences, ways of interpersonal relationships, conflicts and psychic structures and use of defense mechanisms, and for peculiarities that may differentiate these disorders. The qualitative transversal method was used through the content analysis of clinical interviews based on the Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis (OPD-2). The sample of this study consisted of five women with PTSD and five with CPTSD. The following categories were created: reasons for seeking care, symptoms and desire for treatment, traumatic developmental events, and characteristics of the psychic functioning. Early trauma generates psychic organizations with greater disintegration. A new traumatic event destabilizes the psychic organization and intensifies symptoms. Relationships were marked by dependence and isolation. Participants with CPTSD presented tendency to disintegration related to the object relation regulation and the psychic conflict was of Individuation versus Dependence, with more primitive flaws in object representations, existential need for the other and direct discharge of impulses. Participants with PTSD had moderate to low level of object relation integration and the conflict was need to be care of versus self-sufficiency, with self-representations being fragile and with reduced capacity to manage impulses. Thus, it could be observed that OPD-2 is capable of assessing in a broad and deep way patients with traumatic disorders, in addition to identifying essential peculiarities to guide health professionals towards treatment in the search for better quality of life for patients.

Understanding the psychodynamic functioning of patients with PTSD and CPTSD: qualitative analysis from the OPD 2 interview

Abstract The traumatic event produces intolerable excitations to the psychic apparatus that searches to relief them through the production of symptoms. When established, patients with post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) may experience flashbacks, somatizations, negative emotions about themselves, and difficulty in social contact. This work seeks to understand how the psychodynamic functioning of women victims of interpersonal and urban violence, diagnosed with these disorders, is organized, identifying traumatic experiences, ways of interpersonal relationships, conflicts and psychic structures and use of defense mechanisms, and for peculiarities that may differentiate these disorders. The qualitative transversal method was used through the content analysis of clinical interviews based on the Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis (OPD-2). The sample of this study consisted of five women with PTSD and five with CPTSD. The following categories were created: reasons for seeking care, symptoms and desire for treatment, traumatic developmental events, and characteristics of the psychic functioning. Early trauma generates psychic organizations with greater disintegration. A new traumatic event destabilizes the psychic organization and intensifies symptoms. Relationships were marked by dependence and isolation. Participants with CPTSD presented tendency to disintegration related to the object relation regulation and the psychic conflict was of Individuation versus Dependence, with more primitive flaws in object representations, existential need for the other and direct discharge of impulses. Participants with PTSD had moderate to low level of object relation integration and the conflict was need to be care of versus self-sufficiency, with self-representations being fragile and with reduced capacity to manage impulses. Thus, it could be observed that OPD-2 is capable of assessing in a broad and deep way patients with traumatic disorders, in addition to identifying essential peculiarities to guide health professionals towards treatment in the search for better quality of life for patients.

Supervisão e a dicção poética do sonho / Supervision and the poetic diction in dreams / La supervisión y la dicción poética del sueño / La supervision et la diction poétique du rêve

A autora descreve o trabalho de supervisão como escuta da escuta do analista diante de seu analisando. Sugere que essa escuta supervisiva idealmente opera num espaço semelhante a uma atmosfera oniroide. Menciona uma reverie de outra reverie como parte de um processo de descolamento do senso comum, e discute o papel da teoria analítica durante o atendimento e numa supervisão. A presença da teoria é comparada à presença do sangue no corpo humano: nunca deve pesar na relação intersubjetiva do campo analítico.

The author describes the supervisory work as listening to listening of the analyst to his analysand. She suggests that this supervising Listening ideally operates in a space similar to an oneiroid atmosphere. She then mentions the operation of a reverie of another reverie, as part of a radical detachment of the common sense, and discusses the role of analytic theory during the session and a supervision. The presence of the theory is compared to the presence of blood in the human body: it must never weigh on the intersubjective relationship of the analytic field.

El autor describe el trabajo de supervisión como de escuchar la escucha del analista frente a su analizando. Sugiere que esta escucha supervisora opera idealmente en un espacio similar a una atmósfera oniroide. Luego menciona un reverie de otro reverie como parte de un proceso de desapego del sentido común y discute el papel de la teoría analítica durante la sesión y la supervisión. La presencia de la teoría se compara con la presencia de sangre en el cuerpo humano: nunca debe pesar sobre la relación intersubjetiva del campo analítico.

L'autrice décrit le travail de supervision en tant que l'ecoute de l'écoute de l'analyste face à son analysant. Elle suggère que cette Écoute de supervision idéalement agit dans un espace semblable à une atmosphère presque onirique. La chercheuse mentionne ensuite une rêverie d'une autre rêverie, comme une partie d'un processus de déplacement du sens commun et elle discute du rôle de la théorie analytique pendant la séance et dans une supervision. La présence de la théorie est comparée à présence du sang dans le corps humain : elle ne doit jamais peser sur la relation intersubjective du champ analytique.

O laço social na construção identitária do alcoólico anônimo / The social bond in the construction of the anonymouns alcoholic's identity / El vínculo social en la construcción de la identidad del alcohóloco anónimo

A diversidade de grupos anônimos no âmbito social compõe um panorama maior de coletivos identitários que reivindicam sua diferença e distinção social. Considerando a primazia histórica da Irmandade Alcoólicos Anônimos (AA), este artigo discute a construção identitária e social do alcoólico anônimo. Recorremos à literatura oficial da Irmandade como fonte de dados e à teoria psicanalítica como referencial teórico para a análise dos resultados. Constatamos que a construção identitária do alcoólico anônimo se estabelece a partir de um engajamento a Irmandade, sendo seu funcionamento pautado nos ideais de fraternidade, anonimato e abstinência alcoólica. Entre os AA, a identificação sintomática com o alcoolismo pressupõe o vínculo fraternal, funcionando como uma reparação imaginária no trabalho de construção do alcoolista anônimo. Concluímos que a produção identitária "alcoólico anônimo" consiste na adesão a uma nova forma de vida, cujos efeitos são de segregação ao laço social e de alienação ao Outro institucional (AU).

In contemporaneity, the presence of several anonymous groups composes a diverse set of identity groups that claim their difference and distinction. Considering the historicity of the Brotherhood of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), this article analyzes the identity construction of the anonymous alcoholic and its relationship with the social bond. We used the official literature of the Brotherhood as a data source and the psychoanalytic theory as a theoretical reference for the analysis of the results. We find that the identity construction of the anonymous alcoholic establishes, in principle, from an institutional engagement to the AA, being its operation based on the ideals of brotherhood, anonymity and alcohol abstinence. Among AA the symptomatic identification with the alcoholism disease occurs concomitant to the establishment of the fraternal bond that functions as an imaginary and egoic repair for the alcoholic in his work of identity production. We conclude that the "anonymous alcoholic" identity construction is equivalent to the purpose of the therapeutic proposal of AA that consists in the adhesion to a new way of life, whose effects are of segregation to the social bond and of alienation to the Institutional Other (AU).

En nuestra era contemporánea, la presencia de innumerables grupos anónimos constituye un panorama diverso de grupos de identidad que reclaman su diferencia y distinción. Considerando la primacía histórica de la Hermandad Alcohólicos Anónimos (AA), este artículo discute la construcción de identidad del alcohólico anónimo y su relación con el vínculo social. Utilizamos la literatura oficial de la Hermandad como fuente de datos y la teoría psicoanalítica como marco teórico para el análisis de resultados. Descubrimos que la construcción de la identidad del alcohólico anónimo se establece, al principio, a partir de un compromiso institucional con AA, y su funcionamiento se basa en los ideales de fraternidad, anonimato y abstinencia de alcohol. Entre los AA, la identificación sintomática con el alcoholismo de la enfermedad ocurre simultáneamente con el establecimiento del vínculo fraterno que funciona como una reparación imaginaria y egoica para el alcohólico en su trabajo de construcción de identidad. Concluimos que la producción de identidad "alcohólica anónima" es equivalente al propósito de la propuesta terapéutica de AA, que consiste en adherirse a una nueva forma de vida, cuyos efectos son la segregación del vínculo social y la alienación del Otro institucional (AU)

Análise da agressividade docente na cena pedagógica: implicações para a formação de professoras(es) / Teachers' aggressiveness analysis at pedagogical scene: implications for teachers' training / Análisis de la agresividad docente en la escena pedagógica: implicaciones para la formación

A partir da teoria psicanalítica laplancheana e winnicottiana da agressividade, objetivou-se analisar a agressividade de uma docente e seus efeitos na cena pedagógica através do estudo de caso de uma professora da Educação Infantil. Numa pesquisa qualitativa, recorrendo à triangulação entre observação, entrevista e grupo focal, tomou-se como unidade de análise a cena pedagógica (definida como o conjunto de interações entre docentes e discentes e dos significados intersubjetivos dessas interações nos vínculos envolvendo esses sujeitos). Constataram-se condutas docentes agressivas na interação com alunos da turma, o que levou à hipótese de que as dificuldades subjetivas da professora em lidar com a própria agressividade interferiam no manejo da agressividade discente. Considerando a subjetividade da docente, a participação da professora em formação docente continuada promovida durante a pesquisa viabilizou a tomada de consciência de novos arranjos relacionais entre a professora e as crianças de sua turma, favorecendo a qualidade do seu manejo.

From Laplanche's and Winnicott's psychoanalytic theories of aggressiveness, it was aimed to analyse the aggressiveness of a teacher and its effects on the pedagogical scene, through a case study about an Early Childhood Education teacher. In a qualitative research, resorting data triangulation between observation, interview and focus group, it was taken, as an analytical unit, the pedagogical scene (defined as the set of interactions between teachers and students, and the intersubjective meanings os these interactions considering the ties involving these subjects). Teacher's aggressive conducts were found on the interactions with her students, leading to the hypotheses: teacher's subjective difficulty in dealing with her own aggressiveness interfered on her management of students' aggressiveness. Considering the teacher's subjectivity, her participation on a teachers' continued qualification, promoted during the research, enabled the awareness of new relational arrangements between her and the children, favouring the quality of her management.

Basándose en la teoría psicoanalítica laplancheana y winnicottiana de la violencia, el objetivo fue analizar la agresividad de una docente y sus efectos en el escenario pedagógico, a través del estudio de caso de una maestra de Educación Infantil. En una investigación cualitativa, utilizando la triangulación entre observación, entrevista y grupo focal, se consideró como unidad de análisis el escenario pedagógico (definido como el conjunto de interacciones entre docentes y estudiantes, y los significados intersubjetivos de estas interacciones en los vínculos que se relacionan con estos sujetos). Se verificaron las conductas de maestros agresivos en la interacción con los estudiantes en la clase, lo que resultó llegar a la hipótesis de que las dificultades subjetivas de la docente para retener su propia violencia interferían en el manejo de la agresividad de los estudiantes. Respecto a la subjetividad del docente, la participación de la docente en la formación continua del profesorado promovida durante la investigación posibilitó la toma de conciencia de nuevos arreglos relacionales entre el docente y los niños de su clase, que favoreció la calidad de su estrategia de retención de la violencia.

O fanatismo como sobrevivência psíquica durante a pandemia da COVID-19 / Fanaticism as psychic survival during the COVID-19 pandemic

Contextos de crise, como o atual momento de pandemia da COVID-19, parecem estar associados com o aumento do fanatismo. O artigo aborda as origens do pensamento fanático, em nível social e individual, a partir de períodos históricos de recrudescimento do fanatismo, analisando-se os significados psicodinâmicos que podem estar vinculados a posições rígidas e extremadas, além de conceitos psicanalíticos acerca de estados mentais primitivos latentes. Da mesma forma, discute-se sobre o fenômeno das fake news e da perversão como traço marcante no "pensar fanático". Por fim, conclui-se que o fanatismo pode atuar como uma defesa possível à sobrevivência psíquica em determinados contextos de crise, e, ainda, que as capacidades de pensar, empatizar e amar são alternativas a esse desfecho.(AU)

Crisis contexts, such as the coronavirus pandemic, seem to be associated with the augmentation of fanaticism. The article discusses the origins of fanatic thinking, on a social and individual level, from periods in the history of fanaticisms upsurge, analyzing the psychodynamic meanings that could be linked to rigid and extreme positions, beyond psychoanalytic concepts about primitive mental states. In the same way, it discusses the phenomenon of fake news and perversion as an important feature in "fanatical thinking". Finally, it concludes that fanaticism could act as a possible defense to psychic survival in particular contexts of crisis, and that the ability to think, empathize and love are alternatives to this outcome.(AU)

Contextos de crisis, como el actual momento pandémico de COVID-19, parecen estar asociados con el aumento del fanatismo. El artículo analiza los orígenes del pensamiento fanático, a nivel social e individual, considerando períodos históricos de creciente fanatismo y analizando los significados psicodinámicos que pueden vincularse a posiciones rígidas y extremas, además de conceptos psicoanalíticos sobre estados mentales primitivos. De la misma forma, se discute sobre el fenómeno de las fake news y la perversión como característica del pensamiento fanático. Se concluye que el fanatismo puede actuar como una posible defensa para la supervivencia psíquica en determinados contextos de crisis, y también que la capacidad de pensar, empatizar y amar son alternativas a este desenlace.(AU)

Subliminal thought according to Sabina Spielrein’s psychoanalytic theory / O pensamento subliminar segundo a teoria psicanalítica de Sabina Spielrein / El pensamiento subliminal según la teoría psicoanalítica de Sabina Spielrein

In recent decades, the importance and novelty of the ideas of the Russian psychoanalyst Sabina Spielrein have been acknowledged. However, there are so far few works dedicated to a thorough analysis of her theory. Hence, a more precise assessment of the role she played in the history of psychological concepts has not yet been fully achieved. Throughout her work, Spielrein sought to understand the characteristics of subliminal mental functioning, which was one of her major contributions to psychology. The objective of this article is to analyze her main ideas regarding this type of mental process as she presented them during the course of her research. She developed such ideas in her attempts to understand schizophrenic symptoms and in her analyses of thought processes in children, dreams, hypnagogic phenomena, aphasic symptoms, and data resulting from research in the field of linguistics. We conclude that she formulated an original theory on subliminal thought, derived from her innovative psychoanalytic approach.

Nas últimas décadas, a importância e o ineditismo das ideias da psicanalista russa Sabina Spielrein têm sido reconhecidos. No entanto, ainda são poucos os trabalhos que se dedicam a uma análise minuciosa de sua teoria, de forma que uma avaliação mais precisa do papel desempenhado por ela na história das ideias psicológicas ainda não foi plenamente alcançada. Ao longo de toda a sua obra, Spielrein procurou compreender as características do funcionamento mental subliminar, e essa foi uma de suas principais contribuições para a psicologia. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as ideias centrais que a autora elaborou sobre esse tipo de processo mental. Essas ideias foram desenvolvidas através de suas tentativas de compreensão dos sintomas esquizofrênicos, do pensamento infantil, dos sonhos, fenômenos hipnagógicos e sintomas afásicos, assim como a partir de dados fornecidos por pesquisas na área da linguística. Argumenta-se que ela formulou uma teoria original sobre o pensamento subliminar a partir de uma abordagem inovadora no âmbito da psicanálise.

En las últimas décadas, la importancia y la originalidad de las ideas de la psicoanalista rusa Sabina Spielrein han sido reconocidas. Sin embargo, son todavía pocos los trabajos que se dedican a un análisis minucioso de su teoría, de modo que una evaluación más precisa del papel que ella desempeñó en la historia de las ideas psicológicas aún no ha sido alcanzado plenamente. A lo largo de toda su obra, Spielrein intentó comprender las características del funcionamiento mental subliminal y esa fue una de sus principales contribuciones a la psicología. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las ideas centrales que la autora elaboró en su obra sobre ese tipo de procesos mentales. Estas ideas fueron desarrolladas por ella en sus intentos de comprensión de los síntomas esquizofrénicos, en el análisis del pensamiento infantil, sueños, fenómenos hipnagógicos y síntomas afásicos, así como a partir de datos proporcionados por investigaciones en el área de la lingüística. Se argumenta, en fin, que ella formuló una teoría original sobre el pensamiento subliminal, que resultó de un enfoque innovador en el ámbito del psicoanálisis.

Black Mirror: considerações psicanalíticas sobre o uso destrutivo da tecnologia / Black Mirror: psychoanalytic considerations on the destructive use of technology

A série inglesa Black Mirror desnuda o humano a partir da sua complexa relação com a tecnologia de uma forma que impacta e provoca o telespectador. Algo inquietante sobre nós é revelado através do espelho da série, que convida a refletir sobre um uso destrutivo das novas ferramentas e suas possíveis consequências. O autor aceita o convite e examina a partir das principais temáticas da série, o que em nosso funcionamento psíquico pode levar a um uso mortífero da tecnologia. Na busca desse objetivo, este trabalho propõe um diálogo entre as narrativas de Black Mirror e conceitos psicanalíticos de Freud, Meltzer, Bion e Green.(AU)

The English series Black Mirror exposes the human from its complex relationship with technology in a way that impacts and stirs the viewer. Something uncanny about us is revealed through series mirror, which invites us to reflect on the destructive use of new tools and their possible consequences.The author accepts the invitation and examines it from the main themes of the series, which in our psychic functioning can lead to a deadly use of technology. In the pursuit of this objective, this work proposes a dialogue between Black Mirror narratives and psychoanalytic concepts of Freud, Meltzer, Bion and Green.(AU)

La serie inglesa Black Mirror despoja al ser humano en su compleja relación con la tecnología de una manera que impacta y provoca al espectador. Algo inquietante acerca de nosotros se revela a través del espejo de la serie, que nos invita a reflexionar sobre el uso destructivo de nuevas herramientas y sus posibles consecuencias. El autor acepta la invitación y la examina a partir de los principales temas de la serie, que en nuestro funcionamiento psíquico pueden derivar en un uso letal de la tecnología. En la búsqueda de este objetivo, este trabajo propone un diálogo entre las narrativas de Black Mirror y los conceptos psicoanalíticos de Freud, Meltzer, Bion y Green.(AU)

Psicanálise e cinema: aplicação da análise fílmica para a aprendizagem do conceito de inconsciente / Psychanalyse et cinéma: application de l'analyse filmique pour l'apprentissage du concept d'inconscient / Psicoanálisis y cine: aplicación del análisis cinematográfico para aprender el concepto de inconsciente / Psychoanalysis and cinema: application of film analysis for learning the concept of the unconscious

Resumo Partindo da constatação acadêmica da importância do ensino-transmissão da psicanálise na universidade, este artigo objetiva ser uma peça demonstrativa do quanto o aprendizado do conceito psicanalítico - inconsciente - pode ser facilitado por meio da linguagem cinematográfica. Para tanto, a investigação teórica e a análise fílmica psicanalítica foram escolhidas como métodos de pesquisa, estes balizados pela psicanálise aplicada. Utilizam-se filmes consagrados pela mídia, que vão desde Psicose, de Alfred Hitchcock, até Alice no país das maravilhas, de Tim Burton, a fim de dispor em movimento a conceituografia psicanalítica que organiza o conceito de inconsciente em Freud e Lacan. Observa-se, assim, que a novidade freudiana consistiu em desatrelar o inconsciente da consciência e elevá-lo ao estatuto de instância psíquica que se expressa por meio de sonhos, atos falhos, chistes e outros. A partir dessa concepção, posteriormente Lacan propõe o inconsciente estruturado como linguagem provendo o fio fundamental dos laços sociais.

Résumé Basé sur l'importance de l'enseignement-transmission de la psychanalyse à l'université, cet article s'avère être une démonstration de la manière dont l'apprentissage du concept psychanalytique - l'inconscient - peut être facilité par le langage cinématographique. Pour ce faire, la recherche théorique et l'analyse psychanalytiques de films ont été choisies comme méthodes de recherche, celles-ci fondées sur la psychanalyse appliquée. Nous utilisons des films consacrés par les médias: de Psychose d'Alfred Hitchcock, à Alice au pays des merveilles, de Tim Burton, afin de mettre en mouvement la conceptualisation psychanalytique qui organise le concept d'inconscient chez Freud et Lacan. On constate ainsi que la nouveauté freudienne a consisté à découpler l'inconscient de la conscience et à l'élever au rang d'instance psychique qui s'exprime à travers les rêves, les actes manqués, les mots d'esprit et autres. A partir de cette conception, Lacan propose plus tard l'inconscient structuré comme le langage fournissant le fil conducteur du lien social.

Resumen A partir de la observación académica de la importancia de la enseñanza-transmisión del psicoanálisis en la universidad, este artículo pretende ser una demostración de cuánto se puede facilitar el aprendizaje del concepto psicoanalítico inconsciente por medio del lenguaje cinematográfico. Para ello, se eligieron como métodos de investigación la investigación teórica y el análisis cinematográfico psicoanalítico, guiados por el psicoanálisis aplicado. Se utilizan películas consagradas por los medios de comunicación, como Psicosis, de Alfred Hitchcock, y Alicia en el país de las maravillas, de Tim Burton, para poner en discusión la conceptualización psicoanalítica que organiza el concepto de inconsciente en Freud y en Lacan. Se observa, por tanto, que la novedad freudiana consistió en desacoplar el inconsciente de la conciencia y elevarlo a la categoría de instancia psíquica que se expresa mediante sueños, actos fallidos, chistes y otros. A partir de esta concepción, Lacan propone posteriormente el inconsciente estructurado como un lenguaje que proporciona el hilo fundamental de los lazos sociales.

Abstract Based on the academic observation of the importance of teaching-transmitting psychoanalysis at the university, this article aims to show how much the learning of the psychoanalytic concept - unconscious - can be facilitated through the cinematographic language. For such purpose, theoretical research and psychoanalytic film analysis were chosen as research methods, these guided by applied psychoanalysis. Films consecrated by the media are used, ranging from Alfred Hitchcock's Psycho to Tim Burton's Alice in wonderland to set in motion the psychoanalytical conceptualization that organizes the concept of the unconscious in Freud and Lacan. It is observed, therefore, that the Freudian novelty consisted of uncoupling the unconscious from consciousness and elevating it to the status of a psychiatric instance that is expressed through dreams, flawed acts, jokes and others. From this conception, Lacan later proposes the unconscious structured as a language providing the fundamental thread of social ties.

Psicanálise, clínica ampliada e dor física: algumas articulações / Psychoanalysis, extended clinic, and physical pain: some articulations / Psicoanálisis, clínica ampliada y dolor físico: algumas articulaciones

A Psicanálise é capaz de enriquecer a clínica ampliada e, assim, viabilizar a superação de limitações inerentes ao modelo biomédico que se revelam por meio de práticas em saúde voltadas a pacientes que padecem de dor física. O presente estudo possui um duplo objetivo. Em primeiro lugar, buscaremos traçar um breve panorama de tentativas de compreensão da dor física ao longo da história, a fim de contextualizar e problematizar o surgimento e a consolidação do modelo biomédico. Em segundo lugar, discutiremos alguns aportes psicanalíticos para a apreensão teórica da dor física que, a nosso ver, podem gerar contribuições relevantes para a clínica ampliada. Concluímos, com base em formulações freudianas e pós-freudianas, que a dor física, desde diferentes ângulos, ocupa um "lugar" fronteiriço, em contraste com o que sugere o modelo biomédico. Com isso, iluminamos aspectos subjetivos das condições dolorosas que merecem ser levados em conta pelos profissionais de saúde (AU).

Psychoanalysis is able to enrich the expanded clinic and, thus, make it possible to overcome limitations inherent to the biomedical model that are revealed through health practices aimed at patients who suffer from physical pain. The present study has a double objective. First, we will seek to outline a brief overview of attempts to understand physical pain throughout history, in order to contextualize and problematize the emergence and consolidation of the biomedical model. Second, we will discuss some psychoanalytical contributions for the theoretical understanding of physical pain that, in our view, can produce relevant contributions to the expanded clinic. We conclude, based on Freudian and Post-Freudian formulations, that physical pain, from different perspectives, occupies a "place" between borders, in contrast to what the biomedical model proposes. Thus, we illuminate subjective aspects of painful conditions that deserve to be taken into account by health professionals (AU).

El psicoanálisis es capaz de enriquecer la clínica ampliada y, de este modo, posibilitar la superación de limitaciones inherentes al modelo biomédico que se revelan mediante prácticas en salud dirigidas a pacientes que padecen de dolor físico. Este trabajo posee un doble objetivo. En primer lugar, procuraremos trazar un breve panorama de tentativas de comprensión del dolor físico a lo largo de la historia, a fin de contextualizar y problematizar el surgimiento y la consolidación del modelo biomédico. En segundo lugar, discutiremos algunos aportes psicoanalíticos para la aprehensión teórica del dolor físico que, a nuestro juicio, pueden generar contribuciones relevantes para la clínica ampliada. Concluimos, con base en formulaciones freudianas y posfreudianas, que el dolor físico, desde diferentes ángulos, ocupa un "lugar" fronterizo, en contraste con lo que sugiere el modelo biomédico. Así, iluminamos aspectos subjetivos de las condiciones dolorosas que merecen ser tenidos en cuenta por los profesionales de la salud (AU).

A atualidade de Virgínia Leone Bicudo / The relevance of Virginia Leone Bicudo in the present times / La actualidad de Virginia Leone Bicudo / L'actualité de Virginia Leone Bicudo

RESUMO Esta é uma transcrição livre da exposição do autor na homenagem a Virgínia Leone Bicudo organizada pela Sociedade de Psicanálise de Brasília, em 21 de outubro de 2020, com o título Olhares sobre Virgínia Leone Bicudo. No texto, a partir de uma posição de estrangeiro, de onde foi especialmente convocado, o palestrante enumera algumas contribuições psicanalíticas da homenageada e, com base em algumas articulações de suas ideias, reflete sobre certos aspectos da vida científica e institucional da psicanálise atual, discutindo também sua relação problemática com a sociologia em um contexto global tenso e atravessado por múltiplas variantes de segregação.

ABSTRACT The following is a free retranscription of the author's presentation in honour of Virgínia Leone Bicudo, which was organised by the Brasília Psychoanalysis Society on 21 October 2020 under the title "Olhares sobre Virgínia Leone Bicudo". In the text, the speaker lists-from the position of a foreigner, from which he was specially called-some of the contributions Bicudo made to psychoanalysis and, based on some of her ideas, reflects on certain aspects of the current scientific and institutional reality of the field, while also discussing its problematic relation -ship with sociology in a tense global context permeated by multiple variants of segregation.

RESEUMEN Lo que sigue en una retranscripción libre de la exposición del autor en el homenaje a Virginia Leone Bicudo, organizado por la Sociedad de Psicoanálisis de Brasilia el 21 de octubre de 2020 con el título "Miradas sobre Virginia Leone Bicudo". En el texto, desde una posición de extranjería desde donde se le convocó especialmente, el expositor enumera algunos aportes psicoanalíticos de la homenajeada y sobre la base de alguna articulación de sus ideas reflexiona sobre ciertos aspectos de la vida científica e institucional del psicoanálisis actual, discutiendo también su problemática relación con la sociología en un contexto global crispado y atravesado por múltiples variantes de la segregación.

RÉSUMÉ Il s'ensuit une transcription libre de l'exposé de l'auteur pendant l'hommage à Virginia Leone Bicudo, organisé par la Société de Psychanalyse de Brasilia le 21 octobre 2020 ayant par titre « Regards sur Virginia Leone Bicudo ¼. Dans ce texte, à partir d'une condition d'étranger, d'où il a été spécialement appelé, le conférencier énumère quelques contributions psychanalytiques de celle à qui on rend des hommages et, appuyé sur quelques articulations des idées de cette psychanalyste, il réfléchit à propos de certains aspects de la vie scientifique et institutionnelle de la psychanalyse actuelle, en discutant aussi sa relation problématique avec la sociologie, dans un contexte mondial tendu et percé par de multiples variantes de ségrégation.

Transmissão psíquica transgeracional: uma revisão da literatura / Transgenerational psychic transmission: a literature review / Transmisión psíquica transgeneracional: una revisión de la literatura

Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o que vem sendo publicado na literatura nacional e internacional sobre a transmissão psíquica transgeracional. O levantamento bibliográfico utilizou o critério temporal dos últimos quinze anos e as bases de dados Lilacs, PsycINFO, Scielo e PePSIC. Constituíram o corpus deste estudo 27 artigos. Os resultados apontaram que os estudos selecionados utilizaram o método qualitativo, são nacionais e são oriundos de pesquisa empírica, prática clínica e teóricos. Poucos foram os que acessaram três gerações, que incluíram crianças e linhagens masculinas. A partir do exposto, pôde-se estabelecer um olhar reflexivo e diferenciado sobre as relações familiares como constituintes do sofrimento psíquico individual. Os estudos frisaram a possibilidade de transformação criativa desses legados familiares sintomáticos, indo além do viés negativo da transgeracionalidade.

This study aimed to investigate what has been published in the national and international literature on transgenerational psychic transmission. The bibliographical survey used the temporal criterion of the last fifteen years and the databases Lilacs, PsycINFO, Scielo and PePSIC. The study consisted of 27 articles. The results indicated that the selected studies used the qualitative method, are national and come from empirical research, clinical practice and theorists. Few have accessed three generations, including children and male lineages. Concluding, it was possible to establish a reflective and differentiated view about family relations as constituents of individual psychic suffering. The studies emphasized the possibility of creative transformation of these symptomatic family legacies, going beyond the negative bias of psychic transmission between generations.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar lo que viene siendo publicado en la literatura nacional e internacional sobre la transmisión psíquica transgeneracional. El levantamiento bibliográfico utilizó el criterio temporal de los últimos quince años y las bases de datos Lilacs, PsycINFO, Scielo y PePSIC. Constituyeron el corpus de este estudio 27 artículos. Los resultados apuntaron que los estudios seleccionados utilizaron el método cualitativo, son nacionales y son oriundos de investigación empírica, práctica clínica y teóricos. Pocos fueron los que accedieron a tres generaciones, que incluyeron niños y linajes masculinos. A partir de lo expuesto, se pudo establecer una mirada reflexiva y diferenciada sobre las relaciones familiares como constituyentes del sufrimiento psíquico individual. Los estudios subrayaron la posibilidad de transformación creativa de esos legados familiares sintomáticos, yendo más allá del sesgo negativo de la transgeneracionalidad.