Behavioral and Emotional Outcomes in Children with Congenital Heart Disease: Effects of Disease Severity, Family Life Stress, Disease-Related Chronic Stress, and Psychosocial Adaptation.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether effects of congenital heart disease (CHD) severity and family life stress on behavioral and emotional functioning are mediated by disease-related chronic stress and psychosocial adaptation. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional analysis of the Pediatric Cardiac Quality of Life Inventory Testing Study was performed. Relationships between CHD severity (comprising 3 groups: mild heart disease, moderate biventricular disease, and single ventricle) and family life stress, on patient- and parent disease-related chronic stress, psychosocial adaptation, and behavioral-emotional outcomes were assessed using structural equation modeling. Patient and parent models were reported separately. RESULTS: There were 981 patient-parent dyads: 22% had mild heart disease, 63% biventricular, and 15% single ventricle; 19% of families reported moderate to major family life stress. Path models revealed that CHD severity and family life stress were mediated by disease-related chronic stress and psychosocial adaptation factors (R2 = 0.18-0.24 for patient outcomes and R2 = 0.33-0.34 for parent outcomes, P < .001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The effects of greater CHD severity and family life stress on behavioral-emotional outcomes were mediated by worse disease-related chronic stress and psychosocial adaptation factors. Both disease-related chronic stress and psychosocial adaptation factors may be targets for interventions to improve behavioral and emotional outcomes.

Ansiedad, Depresión y Adaptación Psicosocial en Pacientes Adultos con DM tipo 2 / Anxiety, Depression and Psychosocial Adaptation in Adult Patients with type 2 DM

Resumen Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre la presencia de síntomas de ansiedad, síntomas depresivos y la adaptación psicosocial a la enfermedad en personas con diagnóstico de DM2 que acuden a una unidad de primer nivel de atención en Tabasco, México. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo correlacional; muestra integrada por 103 adultos de 20 a 60 años, con diagnóstico de DMT2. Muestreo por conveniencia. Resultados: 32% presentó síntomas de ansiedad moderada y 68% síntomas leves; 90.3% refirió síntomas depresivos. Se halló una correlación negativa significativa entre síntomas de ansiedad y cuidado de la salud (p=<0.000) que sugiere entre más síntomas de ansiedad peor adaptación. Síntomas de ansiedad y ambiente laboral mostraron una correlación negativa y significativa (p=0.000), que sugiere peor adaptación a más síntomas ansiedad. En contraste, la correlación entre síntomas de depresión y ambiente laboral, mostró relación positiva y significativa (0.530, p=<0.000) que indica entre más síntomas de depresión peor es la adaptación. Conclusiones: Los participantes mostraron síntomas de ansiedad entre leve y moderada, alto porcentaje mostró síntomas de depresión moderada y alta. Los síntomas de ansiedad y cuidado de salud, mostraron correlación negativa, síntomas de depresión y ambiente laboral se correlacionaron de forma positiva. Estos resultados tienen implicaciones para los proveedores de cuidado de personas con DM2.

Abstract Objective: to analyze the relationship between the presence of anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms and psychosocial adaptation in people with a diagnosis of DM2 who attend a first level care unit in Tabasco, Mexico. Material and Methods: descriptive correlational study; sample made up of 103 adults between 20 and 60 years old, diagnosed with T2DM. Sampling for convenience. Results: 32% had moderate anxiety symptoms and 68% mild symptoms; 90.3% referred depressive symptoms. A significant negative correlation was found between anxiety symptoms and health care (p = <.000) that suggests the more anxiety symptoms the worse the adaptation. Symptoms of anxiety and work environment showed a negative and significant correlation (p = .000), which suggests worse adaptation to more anxiety symptoms, In contrast, the correlation between symptoms of depression and work environment, showed a positive and significant relationship (.530, p = <.000) which indicates the more depression symptoms the worse the adaptation. Conclusions: participants showed symptoms of anxiety between mild and moderate, a high percentage showed symptoms of moderate and high depression. Symptoms of anxiety and health care showed a negative correlation, symptoms of depression and work environment were positively correlated. These results have implications for caregivers of people with DM2

Validity and reliability of the lederman Prenatal Self-Evaluation Questionnaire (PSEQ) in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: The Lederman Prenatal Self-Evaluation Questionnaire (PSEQ) is used to assess psychosocial adaptation to pregnancy, labor, childbirth, and maternity. The PSEQ is a tool used in various countries and has been translated into Portuguese; however, it needs to be validated in Brazil. This study aimed to analyze the validity and reliability of the PSEQ in Brazilian pregnant women. METHOD: This methodological validity study investigated internal consistency and reliability using Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients. Construct validity was assessed using Pearson's correlation between domains and confirmatory factor analysis. To assess concurrent validity, Pearson's correlation between the different domains of the PSEQ and Prenatal Psychosocial Profile-Portuguese Version (PPP-VP) was determined. The level of significance was set at 5%. RESULTS: This study included 399 pregnant women in the northeastern region of Brazil. The internal consistency and reliability of the total PSEQ score were high (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89; intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.95). Validity analysis showed positive and significant correlations between all PSEQ domains, ranging from 0.14 to 0.56. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated the following values of goodness of fit: RMSEA = 0.05, SRMR = 0.08, CFI = 0.61, χ2/df = 1.77. The discriminant and concurrent validities of the PSEQ were confirmed. CONCLUSIONS: The Portuguese version of the PSEQ has adequate psychometric properties and is a valid and reliable tool to evaluate psychosocial adaptation to pregnancy in Brazilian pregnant women.

Guías de buenas prácticas para la atención psicológica y social al paciente con epilepsia / Good practice guidelines for the social and psychological care to the patient with epilepsy

En la actualidad cobra vital importancia la preparación y divulgación de guías o protocolos de intervenciones esenciales para la atención del paciente epiléptico en el primer nivel de atención, ya que con frecuencia estos pacientes son victimas de imprecisiones terapéuticas. El propósito de este trabajo es presentar guías de buenas prácticas para la atención psicológica y social de este paciente. Se realizó análisis de contenido de los reportes de investigaciones que sobre atención psicosocial al paciente con epilepsia se prepararon en Cuba entre 2004 y 2013. A partir de la evidencia valorada se elaboraron las guías de buenas prácticas para la atención psicológica y social del paciente con epilepsia y en ellas se precisó la estructura asistencial y los recursos materiales necesarios, se describieron los procederes de actuación en orden cronológico: entrevistas clínico-psicológico y técnicas de evaluación psicológicas idóneas. Además se precisaron las especificidades para la atención clínico-psicológico al paciente con inadaptación psicosocial a la epilepsia y para la atención clínico-psicológica del paciente con epilepsia y trastornos emocionales asociados. Las guías aportan herramientas de trabajo para evitar la inadaptación psicosocial, los trastornos emocionales y la incapacidad para el autocuidado en pacientes con epilepsia(AU)

The preparation and dissemination of essential intervention guidelines or protocols for the care of patient with epilepsy at the first health care level is gaining importance, since these patients are frequent victims of therapeutic inaccuracies. The objective of this paper was to present good practice guidelines for the psychological and social care of this patient. A content analysis of the reports from research on this topic was made, which were made in Cuba from 2004 to 2013. On the basis of the assessed evidence, good practice guidelines were prepared for the social and psychological care of the patient with epilepsy. They detailed the assistance structure and the necessary material resources for adequate psychological and social care of this patient as well as the procedures of performance in a chronological order: clinical and psychological interview and ideal psychological evaluation techniques. Additionally, the specificities for the clinical and psychological care of the patient with faulty psychosocial adaptation to epilepsy and for the patient with epilepsy and associated emotional disorders were also specified. The guidelines provide working tools to avoid faulty psychosocial adaptation, emotional disorders and inability to self-care in epileptic patients(AU)

Afrontamiento familiar a la epilepsia / Family coping with epilepsy

Introducción: el afrontamiento familiar a la epilepsia se refiere al comportamiento grupal relativamente estable que exhibe una familia ante la presencia de esta enfermedad en uno de sus integrantes. Objetivo: describir las características del afrontamiento familiar a la epilepsia. Métodos: investigación descriptiva de corte transversal realizada en pacientes y familiares que acudieron a la consulta multidisciplinaria de epileptología del Hospital Psiquiátrico de La Habana entre 2005 y 2007. Para la recogida de la información se aplicó al paciente la escala de historia familiar del Washington Psichosocial Inventory y la prueba de evaluación de las relaciones intrafamiliares. Se realizaron entrevistas no estructuradas a un informante clave del grupo familiar de convivencia del paciente. Resultados: a pesar de que la mayoría de los pacientes estudiados refirieron una adaptación familiar aceptable a su enfermedad, se obtuvo un predominio de familias disfuncionales. La categoría Valoración positiva de la sobreprotección familiarconstituyó el dato cualitativo de mayor relevancia en el análisis de contenido de las entrevistas con el informante clave del grupo familiar. Conclusiones: los pacientes epilépticos perciben la presencia de problemas en su historia familiar, aunque la atribución de significado varía entre un limitado y un claro impacto para la adaptación familiar, lo cual puede ser un indicativo de la idealización de la familia en la infancia. Las relaciones intrafamiliares de convivencia actual se perciben disfuncionales, lo cual se expresa a través de las dificultades en el cumplimiento de los roles, la armonía y la comunicación

Introduction: the family confrontation to the epilepsy refers to the group behavior relatively stable that exhibits a family in connection with the presence of this illness in one of its members. Objective: to describe the characteristics from the family coping with epilepsy. Methods: this is a descriptive investigation of traverse court in patients that suffer it assisted in the consultation multidisciplinary of Epileptology of the Psychiatric Hospital of Havana 2005-2007. For the collection of the information the Scale of Family History of Washington Psichosocial Inventory (HFS-WPSI) and the Test of evaluation of the relationships interfamily (FF-SIL) was applied to patients. We also apply the not structured interview to a key informant of the family group of the patient's coexistence. Results: although most of the studied patients referred a family acceptable adaptation to their illness, a prevalence of non functional families was obtained. The category positive Positive valuation of the family too much protection constituted the qualitative fact of more relevance in the analysis of content of the Interview to a key informant of the family group. Conclusions: the epileptic patients perceive the presence of problems in their family history, although the meaning attribution varies between a limited one and a clearing impact for the family adaptation, that which can be an indicative of the idealization of the family in the childhood. The relationships inside the family of current coexistence are perceived dysfunctional, what is expressed through the difficulties in the execution of the lists, the harmony and the communication