Multidimensional evaluation of a 12-month intensive outpatient program for the treatment of substance use disorder. Experience in Argentina / Evaluación multidimensional de un programa de tratamiento ambulatorio intensivo de 12 meses para el trastorno por uso de sustancias. Experiencia en Argentina.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to asess the efficacy of an intensive outpatient treatment (IOT) for substance use disorder (SUD) using a multidimensional approach. METHODS: All the patients consecutively admitted to a private institution between May 2019 and May 2020 were invited to participate in the study. The program consisted in a 12-month set of psychosocial, medical and recreative interventions requiring an attendance of at least 9 hours per week. Efficacy was evaluated at admission and every three months by the Addiction Severity Index (ASI). Quality of life was evaluated at admission and at the end of the treatment by the WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire. A comparison of parameters obtained at admission between the group that completed and the one that abandonned the treatment was also performed to detect potential predictors of early dropout. Six months after the end of the treatment, the participants were contacted in order to repeat an evaluation through the ASI and the WHOQOL-Bref scales. RESULTS: 41 participants (73% male, age 42.8 ± 16 years) were included. 14 participants dropped out at a median time of 88 days. Among those who completed the treatment improvements were observed in different clinical dimensions: in alcohol and drug consumption (3 months), in medical problems (6 months), in family/social relationships (9 months), in psychological scores (12 months) and in the four dimensions of WHOQOL-Bref. No changes were observed in legal problems and in the employment status. Only legal problems and family/social relationships at admission were significantly different among patients who completed versus those who dropped-out. Six months after discharge, no differences in WHOQOL-Bref scores were observed in the 15 participants who could be located and accepted the assessment. A little but statistically significant worsening was observed in the psychological problems dimension of the ASI in post-discharge follow-up. The rest of the ASI dimensions remained unchanged 6 months after concluding the treatment. CONCLUSION: This is one of the few studies performed in a latinamerican setting assessing the efficacy of a long-term IOT for SUD. It confirms previous works from developed countries, showing the potential benefits of IOTs implementation in our region.

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la eficacia de un tratamiento ambulatorio intensivo (TAI) para el trastorno por uso de sustancias (TUS) utilizando un enfoque multidimensional. Métodos: Se incluyeron todos los pacientes admitidos consecutivamente en una institución privada entre mayo de 2019 y mayo de 2020. El programa duró 12 meses y consistió en un conjunto de intervenciones médicas, psicosociales y recreativas, con una intensidad ≥ 9 horas/semana. La eficacia fue evaluada comparando los puntajes en el Índice de Severidad de Adicción (ASI) a lo largo del programa y en el cuestionario WHOQOL-Bref al inicio y al finalizar. En 15 pacientes se realizó una nueva medición seis meses después de concluido el tratamiento. MÉTODOS: Se incluyeron todos los pacientes admitidos consecutivamente en una institución privada entre mayo de 2019 y mayo de 2020. El programa duró 12 meses y consistió en un conjunto de intervenciones médicas, psicosociales y recreativas, con una intensidad ≥ 9 horas/semana. La eficacia fue evaluada comparando los puntajes en el Índice de Severidad de Adicción (ASI) a lo largo del programa y en el cuestionario WHOQOL-Bref al inicio y al finalizar. En 15 pacientes se realizó una nueva medición seis meses después de concluido el tratamiento. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 41 participantes (73% hombres, edad 42,8 ± 16 años). 14 participantes abandonaron (media 88 días). En los participantes que completaron el tratamiento, se observaron mejoras en los índices de alcohol y drogas (a los 3 meses), en problemas médicos (a los 6 meses), en las relaciones sociales y familiares (a los 9 meses) y en problemas psicológicos (a los 12 meses) así como  en las cuatro dimensiones del WHOQOL-Bref. Estas mejoras persistieron en la evaluación 6 meses post-alta cuando sólo un empeoramiento leve en la dimensión de problemas psicológicos del ASI fue objetivado. Conclusión: Este es uno de los pocos estudios realizados en un ámbito latinoamericano que evalúa la eficacia de un TAI para el TUS. Confirma trabajos previos de países desarrollados, mostrando los beneficios potenciales de la implementación de TAIs en nuestra región. CONCLUSIÓN: Este es uno de los pocos estudios realizados en un ámbito latinoamericano que evalúa la eficacia de un TAI para el TUS. Confirma trabajos previos de países desarrollados, mostrando los beneficios potenciales de la implementación de TAIs en nuestra región.

Prevalencia de depresión posparto y factores asociados en usuarias de un hospital público de Acapulco, Guerrero, México / Prevalence of postpartum depression and its associated factors in users of a public hospital at Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico

Resumen OBJETIVO: Estimar la prevalencia de depresión posparto y los factores asociados en usuarias del Hospital General Progreso, Acapulco, Guerrero, México. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo, observacional y transversal de serie de casos. El instrumento para medir la depresión fue un cuestionario que incluyó la Escala de Depresión Posnatal de Edimburgo (EPDS por sus siglas en inglés). Además, a las pacientes se les preguntaron sus datos sociodemográficos, antecedentes de control prenatal, historial obstétrico, atención del parto y otros datos relacionados con su pareja. Mediante análisis bivariado y multivariado se estimaron los factores asociados con la depresión posparto. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 485 pacientes con media de edad de 24.6 años y límites de 14 y 43 años. La prevalencia de depresión posparto fue de 16%. En el modelo final del análisis multivariado los factores asociados con la depresión posparto fueron: complicaciones en el parto (IC95%:1.61-6.54), antecedente de alcoholismo antes del embarazo (IC95%:1.17- 3.30) y recibir apoyo emocional del esposo durante el embarazo (IC95%: 0.17-0.68). CONCLUSIONES: El antecedente de consumo de bebidas alcohólicas, previo al embarazo, y tener alguna complicación del parto, fueron indicios de posible aparición de depresión posparto. Quienes la padecieron tuvieron la referencia temprana a los servicios de Psicología. La pareja debe estar informada que su apoyo emocional ayuda a reducir el riesgo de depresión posparto en la paciente.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of postpartum depression and associated factors in users of the Hospital General Progreso, Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective, observational, cross-sectional case series study. The instrument to measure depression was a questionnaire that included the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). In addition, patients were asked about their sociodemographic data, prenatal control history, obstetric history, delivery care and other data related to their partner. Factors associated with postpartum depression were estimated by bivariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: We analyzed 485 patients with a mean age of 24.6 years and cut-offs of 14 and 43 years. The prevalence of postpartum depression was 16%. In the final multivariate analysis model, the factors associated with postpartum depression were: delivery complications (CI95%:1.61-6.54), history of alcoholism before pregnancy (CI95%:1.17- 3.30) and receiving emotional support from husband during pregnancy (CI95%: 0.17-0.68). CONCLUSIONS: A history of alcoholic beverage consumption prior to pregnancy and having some complication of childbirth were indicative of possible occurrence of postpartum depression. Those who suffered from it had early referral to psychology services. The couple should be informed that their emotional support helps to reduce the risk of postpartum depression in the patient.

Validação para língua portuguesa de duas escalas para avaliação de hábitos e qualidade de sono em crianças / Language validation of two scales to evaluate sleep quality in children

OBJETIVO: Apresentar a validação para língua portuguesa das escalas de avaliação do sono: "Inventário dos hábitos de sono para crianças pré-escolares" e "Questionário sobre o comportamento do sono". MÉTODOS: Inicialmente as escalas foram traduzidas para português, após receberam tradução reversa, em reunião de consenso foi avaliada a melhor versão. As escalas foram aplicadas em dois grupos de crianças (controle e com epilepsia). Os pacientes com epilepsia foram estratificados pela gravidade através da classificação de Engel. Os escores obtidos foram comparados entre si e relacionados com a gravidade da epilepsia. RESULTADOS: A escala "Inventário dos hábitos de sono para crianças pré-escolares" evidenciou maior incidência de alterações na rotina da hora de dormir, na ritmicidade do sono e de separação dos pais no grupo com epilepsia refratária. Crianças com epilepsia controlada apresentaram hábitos do sono mais saudáveis (p < 0,05). A aplicação do "Questionário sobre o comportamento do sono" evidenciou alterações na qualidade do sono no grupo com epilepsia (p < 0,001). Quanto maior a refratariedade da epilepsia pior a qualidade do sono (p < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: Disponibilizamos através da validação para língua portuguesa questionários para avaliação de distúrbios do sono na infância. A aplicação destes questionários demonstrou a influência exercida pela epilepsia com crises não controladas na qualidade do sono.

OBJECTIVE: Validation to Portuguese of the questionaries: Sleep Habits Inventory for Preschool Children and Sleep Behavior Questionaire. METHODS: The English version of the questionnaires was translated and back translated independently by two professionals, after that the best version was choose. The Portuguese version was applied in two groups of children: patients with epilepsy and a control group. Patients with epilepsy were classified according to Engel score. Results obtained on both groups were related to epilepsy refractoriness. RESULTS: Sleep Habits Inventory for Preschool Children applied in children between 2-6 years of age showed that patients with refractory epilepsy have a major incidence of disorders in the sleep rhythm and routines. Furthermore, they also have more problems to be separated from parents. Children with well controlled epilepsy have more incidence of health sleep habits (p < 0,05). The score of Sleep Behavior Questionnaire applied in children between 7-14 years of age showed significant difference among children with epilepsy (47,52 ± 10,9) and controls (30,52 ± 3,75) (p < 0,001). Refractory epilepsies related with worse sleep quality (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Two questionnaires that evaluate sleep habits were translated and validated to be used in Portuguese. Application of these questionnaires in controls and in children with epilepsy showed that uncontrolled epilepsy influences quality of sleep.