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1.
An. R. Acad. Nac. Farm. (Internet) ; 88(número extraordinario): 433-443, diciembre 2022. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-225715

RESUMO

Las patologías prevalentes del aparato locomotor como la osteoporosis suponen actualmente un desafío para las sociedades occidentales. La pérdida de masa ósea asociada comúnmente a la edad, especialmente pero no únicamente ligada a la pérdida de estrógenos, aumenta el riesgo de fracturas. En numerosas ocasiones, su reparación está comprometida debido a causas metabólicas del huésped o a la magnitud de la lesión ósea. Esto determina la importancia de estrategias que ayuden a regenerar el hueso dañado, p.e., el uso de factores osteogénicos. Así, se ha propuesto la administración sistémica de la parathormona (PTH), el primer factor anabólico eficaz en el tratamiento de la osteoporosis, que estimula predominantemente la formación ósea en las unidades de remodelado óseo. Recientemente, se ha introducido en la farmacopea un análogo peptídico basado en la secuencia N-terminal de la proteína relacionada con la PTH (PTHrP) (abaloparatida). Este exhibe gran afinidad por el receptor tipo 1 de la PTH y presenta ventajas farmacocinéticas (disminuyendo el riesgo de hipercalcemia) frente a esta hormona en su uso terapéutico en la osteoporosis. Tanto la PTH como la PTHrP N-terminal incrementan la formación del callo de fractura y la integridad del hueso neoformado en modelos animales. Además, el péptido osteostatina derivado de la PTHrP C-terminal, no relacionada con la PTH, presenta propiedades osteogénicas in vitro e in vivo en modelos de osteoporosis. En los últimos años, se ha demostrado que la unión de osteostatina a diversos tipos de implantes (basados en biocerámicas mesoporosas de SiO y biovidrios con Zn) mejora el biomaterial de base para implementar la regeneración ósea. Los datos actuales apoyan a los péptidos derivados de la PTHrP como una estrategia prometedora en aplicaciones de ingeniería tisular ósea. (AU)


Osteoporosis, the most prevalent pathology affecting the skeleton, currently represents a challenge for Western societies. Bone mass loss with age, mainly but not exclusively related to estrogen deficiency, increases fracture risk. Fracture repair is frequently impaired due to metabolic alterations and/or the extention of bone damage. Thus, strategies like use of osteogenic factors that help regenerate damaged bone tissue are highly needed. In this regard, systemic administration of parathormone (PTH) represents the first anabolic treatment in osteoporosis by predominantly increasing bone formation over bone resorption during bone remodeling. Recently, there is a pharmacological alternative to PTH based on a peptide analogue derived from the N-terminal sequence of PTH-related protein (PTHrP) (named abaloparatide). This peptide exhibits great affinity for PTH type 1 receptor, and presents pharmacokinetic advantages (decreasing the risk of hipercalcemia), compared to PTH in the treatment of osteoporosis. N-terminal peptides of both PTH and PTHrP promote the formation of fracture callus and bone healing in animal models of bone injury. In addition, osteostatin peptide derived from the C-terminal tail of PTHrP -unrelated to PTH- displays osteogenic features in vitro and in vivo in osteoporosis models. In recent years, osteostatin loading into various types of implants (including mesoporous bioceramics based on SiO and Zn-doped bioglasses) improves the capacity of the biomaterial to increase bone regeneration. Current data support the notion that PTHrP-derived peptides are a promising strategy for bone tissue engineering applications. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Envelhecimento , Osteoporose , Remodelação Óssea , Regeneração Óssea
2.
Rev. osteoporos. metab. miner. (Internet) ; 14(2): 88-92, julio 2022. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-210544

RESUMO

Introducción: El desarrollo de osteoporosis es una complicación frecuente tras una lesión medular (LM), especialmente bajo el nivel de la lesión. Sin embargo, su abordaje terapéutico continúa siendo incierto.Objetivo: Analizar la evolución de la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) y de los marcadores de remodelado óseo (MRO) en individuos con una LM reciente y osteoporosis asociada tratados con denosumab durante 24 meses.Métodos: Estudio prospectivo en el que se incluyeron pacientes con LM reciente y osteoporosis que recibieron tratamiento con denosumab durante 24 meses. A todos ellos se les realizó una analítica con determinación de MRO (PINP, CTX y FA ósea), 25-OH- vitamina D y una densitometría ósea en columna lumbar y fémur proximal basal y a los 12 y 24 meses.Resultados: Se incluyeron 13 pacientes (media de edad de 39±15 años) con LM reciente (con un tiempo medio de evolución de 15 meses) y osteoporosis. Todos los pacientes recibieron tratamiento con denosumab durante 24 meses. A los 12 meses de tratamiento con denosumab se observó un aumento significativo de la DMO en columna lumbar y fémur proximal, con un incremento adicional de los valores de DMO tras 24 meses de tratamiento, que fue del orden del 9,1% en columna lumbar, 4,4% en cuello de fémur y 5,3% en fémur total. Asimismo, los valores de los MRO disminuyeron de forma significativa durante los 24 meses de tratamiento. Ningún paciente presentó fracturas por fragilidad y no se observaron acontecimientos adversos relacionados con el tratamiento.Conclusiones: El tratamiento con denosumab durante 24 meses aumenta la DMO lumbar y femoral y disminuye los MRO en pacientes con LM reciente con osteoporosis. Denosumab parece ser una opción terapéutica prometedora en esta condición clínica. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Denosumab , Osteoporose , Densidade Óssea , Ferimentos e Lesões , Pacientes , Remodelação Óssea , Terapêutica , Estudos Prospectivos
3.
An. R. Acad. Nac. Farm. (Internet) ; 87(4): 433-444, octubre 2021. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-210552

RESUMO

Las patologías prevalentes del aparato locomotor como la osteoporosis suponen actualmente un desafío para las sociedades occidentales. La pérdida de masa ósea asociada comúnmente a la edad, especialmente pero no únicamente ligada a la pérdida de estrógenos, aumenta el riesgo de fracturas. En numerosas ocasiones, su reparación está comprometida debido a causas metabólicas del huésped o a la magnitud de la lesión ósea. Esto determina la importancia de estrategias que ayuden a regenerar el hueso dañado, p.e., el uso de factores osteogénicos. Así, se ha propuesto la administración sistémica de la parathormona (PTH), el primer factor anabólico eficaz en el tratamiento de la osteoporosis, que estimula predominantemente la formación ósea en las unidades de remodelado óseo. Recientemente, se ha introducido en la farmacopea un análogo peptídico basado en la secuencia N-terminal de la proteína relacionada con la PTH (PTHrP) (abaloparatida). Este exhibe gran afinidad por el receptor tipo 1 de la PTH y presenta ventajas farmacocinéticas (disminuyendo el riesgo de hipercalcemia) frente a esta hormona en su uso terapéutico en la osteoporosis. Tanto la PTH como la PTHrP N-terminal incrementan la formación del callo de fractura y la integridad del hueso neoformado en modelos animales. Además, el péptido osteostatina derivado de la PTHrP C-terminal, no relacionada con la PTH, presenta propiedades osteogénicas in vitro e in vivo en modelos de osteoporosis. En los últimos años, se ha demostrado que la unión de osteostatina a diversos tipos de implantes (basados en biocerámicas mesoporosas de SiO y biovidrios con Zn) mejora el biomaterial de base para implementar la regeneración ósea. Los datos actuales apoyan a los péptidos derivados de la PTHrP como una estrategia prometedora en aplicaciones de ingeniería tisular ósea. (AU)


Osteoporosis, the most prevalent pathology affecting the skeleton, currently represents a challenge for Western societies. Bone mass loss with age, mainly but not exclusively related to estrogen deficiency, increases fracture risk. Fracture repair is frequently impaired due to metabolic alterations and/or the extention of bone damage. Thus, strategies like use of osteogenic factors that help regenerate damaged bone tissue are highly needed. In this regard, systemic administration of parathormone (PTH) represents the first anabolic treatment in osteoporosis by predominantly increasing bone formation over bone resorption during bone remodeling. Recently, there is a pharmacological alternative to PTH based on a peptide analogue derived from the N-terminal sequence of PTH-related protein (PTHrP) (named abaloparatide). This peptide exhibits great affinity for PTH type 1 receptor, and presents pharmacokinetic advantages (decreasing the risk of hipercalcemia), compared to PTH in the treatment of osteoporosis. N-terminal peptides of both PTH and PTHrP promote the formation of fracture callus and bone healing in animal models of bone injury. In addition, osteostatin peptide derived from the C-terminal tail of PTHrP -unrelated to PTH- displays osteogenic features in vitro and in vivo in osteoporosis models. In recent years, osteostatin loading into various types of implants (including mesoporous bioceramics based on SiO and Zn-doped bioglasses) improves the capacity of the biomaterial to increase bone regeneration. Current data support the notion that PTHrP-derived peptides are a promising strategy for bone tissue engineering applications. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Envelhecimento , Osteoporose , Remodelação Óssea , Regeneração Óssea , Hipercalcemia , Peptídeos
4.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33177012

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The loss of bone mass, as a consequence of bone remodelling, in the proximal third of the femur, is a factor that contributes to the failure of hip prostheses in the medium to long term. This periprosthetic remodelling occurs mainly during the first 12 months after the operation. The aim is to evaluate the behaviour at one year of a new anatomical stem, the ANATO® stem (2015-Stryker®), which is a redesign of its predecessor (ABG-ii®-Stryker stem) by means of bone densitometry. METHOD: Prospective, controlled study in which the changes in bone mineral density (BMD) observed around the seven areas of Gruen in a group of 61 patients affected by primary coxarthrosis, in whom an ANATO® stem was implanted, are analysed densitometrically. The healthy hip was taken as the control group. The existence of differences in the remodelling pattern according to sex, age and body mass index (BMI) was compared. The follow-up was during the first year after the intervention. RESULTS: After one year of follow-up, decreases of bone mineral density in zone seven of -5.9% were observed, being this decrease statistically significant. No differences were found in the remodelling pattern according to age, sex and body mass index. CONCLUSION: The ANATO® stem allows an efficient transmission of loads from the stem to the proximal femur. Only in zone seven significant bone atrophy is observed. Differences in age, BMI and sex do not seem to influence the bone remodelling around this new stem.

5.
CES odontol ; 29(2): 65-77, jul.-dic. 2016. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-952234

RESUMO

El esqueleto humano es un conjunto organizado de piezas óseas que conforman y proporcionan soporte estructural al cuerpo. Diferentes funciones han sido descritas: soporte dinámico y mecánico, protección y mantenimiento de la homeostasis mineral. Para esto, el hueso debe mantener su metabolismo activo y ser capaz de adaptar su estructura a estímulos mecánicos reparando los daños estructurales a través del proceso de remodelación durante toda la vida. La osteoporosis, enfermedad de Paget, cáncer/infecciones en el hueso, van a alterar la fisiología del tejido dando lugar a la pérdida de su integridad. Los bifosfonatos (BFs) son agentes farmacológicos diseñados para el tratamiento de estas enfermedades, su principal mecanismo de acción es la inhibición de la resorción osteoclástica del hueso. La osteonecrosis de los maxilares (ONM) relacionada con la medicación consiste en la destrucción progresiva del tejido óseo, siendo uno de los efectos adversos de este tipo de tratamiento. Por esta razón, el objetivo de este artículo fue hacer una revisión acerca de los principales aspectos farmacológicos y clínicos de la ONM relacionada con los bifosfonatos en odontología. El diagnóstico clínico y el tratamiento adecuado son fundamentales para reducir el riesgo de osteonecrosis en pacientes bajo terapia antiresortiva o antes de iniciar su administración. Por esta razón, la prevención es aún más importante.


The human skeleton is an organized set of bony pieces that make up and provide the structural support of the body. Different functions have been described: dynamic and mechanical support, protection and maintenance of mineral homeostasis. For this, the bone must maintain its active metabolism and be able to adapt its structure to mechanical stimuli repairing the structural damages through the process of remodeling throughout the life. Osteoporosis, Paget‘s disease, cancer and bone infections, will alter the physiology of the tissue resulting in the loss of its integrity. Bisphosphonates (BFs) are pharmacological agents designed for the treatment of these diseases, their main mechanism of action is the inhibition of bone osteoclastic resorption. Medication related osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) consists of the progressive destruction of the bone tissue, being one of the adverse effects of this type of treatment. For this reason, the objective of this article was to make a review about the main pharmacological and clinical aspects of ONJs related to bisphosphonates in dentistry. Clinical diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential to reduce the risk of osteonecrosis in patients undergoing antiresorptive therapy or before starting administration. For this reason, prevention is even more important.

6.
Endocrinol Nutr ; 63(10): 551-559, 2016 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27744014

RESUMO

High weight is a protective factor against osteoporosis and risk of fracture. In obesity, however, where overweight is associated to excess fat, this relationship does not appear to be so clear, excess weight has sometimes been associated to decreased bone mass. Obesity interferes with bone metabolism through mechanical, hormonal, and inflammatory factors. These factors are closely related to weight, body composition, and dietary patterns of these patients. The net beneficial or harmful effect on bone mass or risk of fracture of the different components of this condition is not well known. We need to recognize patients at a greater risk of bone disease related to obesity to start an adequate intervention.


Assuntos
Osso e Ossos/metabolismo , Obesidade/metabolismo , Adipocinas/fisiologia , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Tecido Adiposo/patologia , Composição Corporal , Densidade Óssea , Cálcio/metabolismo , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Fraturas Ósseas/epidemiologia , Fraturas Ósseas/etiologia , Hormônios/fisiologia , Humanos , Hiperparatireoidismo Secundário/etiologia , Hiperparatireoidismo Secundário/metabolismo , Resistência à Insulina , Obesidade/complicações , Obesidade/patologia , Osteoporose/epidemiologia , Osteoporose/etiologia , Fósforo/metabolismo , Fatores de Risco , Sarcopenia/etiologia , Sarcopenia/metabolismo
7.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 147(2): 56-62, 2016 Jul 15.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27209224

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of anti-TNF treatments on bone mineral density (BMD), bone remodelling markers (BRM) and receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in patients with chronic inflammatory joint diseases. METHODS: A longitudinal prospective study was performed under clinical practice conditions on 31 patients diagnosed of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthropathy and ankylosing spondylitis who had received treatment with anti-TNF alpha drugs for one year. BMD, OPG and RANKL soluble form (sRANKL) were studied at the onset and end of the study. During the study (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 month), disease activity (SDAI, BASDAI and CRP), functional capacity (HAQ, BASFI), BRM and vitamin D were studied. RESULTS: BMD was not modified after one year of treatment. The patients who took corticosteroids had a mean bone mass loss of 3% in the lumbar spine (±1.6, P=.02). In regards to the BRM, did not experience significant changes over the course of the study. Disease activity, both SDAI (P=.002) and BASDAI (P=.002), decreased. OPG was maintained without changes during the year of treatment while both the sRANKL (0.28±0.22, P=.013) and sRANKL/OPG ratio significantly decreased (0.04±0.03, P=.031). CONCLUSION: The patients being treated with anti-TNF did not present with a significant loss of DMO during the study (one year), at the same time experiencing an improvement in disease activity. This protection has been clearer in the responding patients.


Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Artrite Psoriásica/tratamento farmacológico , Artrite Reumatoide/tratamento farmacológico , Densidade Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Remodelação Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Espondilite Anquilosante/tratamento farmacológico , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/antagonistas & inibidores , Adalimumab/farmacologia , Adalimumab/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Artrite Psoriásica/metabolismo , Artrite Reumatoide/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Doença Crônica , Etanercepte/farmacologia , Etanercepte/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Infliximab/farmacologia , Infliximab/uso terapêutico , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoprotegerina/metabolismo , Estudos Prospectivos , Ligante RANK/metabolismo , Espondilite Anquilosante/metabolismo , Resultado do Tratamento
8.
Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol ; 60(1): 53-8, 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26318807

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Preoperative bone mass index has shown to be an important factor in peri-prosthetic bone remodelling in short follow-up studies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Bone density scans (DXA) were used to perform a 10-year follow-up study of 39 patients with a unilateral, uncemented hip replacement. Bone mass index measurements were made at 6 months, one year, 3 years, 5 years, and 10 years after surgery. Pearson coefficient was used to quantify correlations between preoperative bone mass density (BMD) and peri-prosthetic BMD in the 7 Gruen zones at 6 months, one year, 3 years, 5 years, and 10 years. RESULTS: Pre-operative BMD was a good predictor of peri-prosthetic BMD one year after surgery in zones 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6 (Pearson index from 0.61 to 0.75). Three years after surgery it has good predictive power in zones 1, 4 and 5 (0.71-0.61), although in zones 3 and 7 low correlation was observed one year after surgery (0.51 and 0.57, respectively). At the end of the follow-up low correlation was observed in the 7 Gruen zones. Sex and BMI were found to not have a statistically significant influence on peri-prosthetic bone remodelling. CONCLUSION: Although preoperative BMD seems to be an important factor in peri-prosthetic remodelling one year after hip replacement, it loses its predictive power progressively, until not being a major factor in peri-prosthetic remodelling ten years after surgery.


Assuntos
Artroplastia de Quadril , Densidade Óssea , Remodelação Óssea/fisiologia , Articulação do Quadril/fisiologia , Absorciometria de Fóton , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Artroplastia de Quadril/instrumentação , Feminino , Seguimentos , Articulação do Quadril/diagnóstico por imagem , Articulação do Quadril/cirurgia , Prótese de Quadril , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Período Pós-Operatório , Período Pré-Operatório , Estudos Prospectivos
9.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin ; 33 Suppl 1: 9-13, 2015 Mar.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25858606

RESUMO

Integrase inhibitors are the latest drug family to be added to the therapeutic arsenal against human immunodeficiency virus infection. Drugs in this family that do not require pharmacological boosting are characterized by a very good safety profile. The latest integrase inhibitor to be approved for use is dolutegravir. In clinical trials, dolutegravir has shown an excellent tolerability profile, both in antiretroviral-naïve and previously treated patients. Discontinuation rates due to adverse effects were 2% and 3%, respectively. The most frequent adverse effects were nausea, headache, diarrhea and sleep disturbance. A severe hypersensitivity reaction has been reported in only one patient. In patients coinfected with hepatropic viruses, the safety profile is similar to that in patients without coinfection. The lipid profile of dolutegravir is similar to that of raltegravir and superior to those of Atripla® and darunavir/ritonavir. Dolutegravir induces an early, predictable and non-progressive increase in serum creatinine of around 10% of baseline values in treatment-naïve patients and of 14% in treatment-experienced patients. This increase is due to inhibition of tubular creatinine secretion through the OCT2 receptor and does not lead to a real decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate with algorithms that include serum creatinine. The effect of the combination of dolutegravir plus Kivexa(®) on biomarkers of bone remodeling is lower than that of Atripla(®). Dolutegravir has an excellent tolerability profile with no current evidence of long-term adverse effects. Its use is accompanied by an early and non-progressive increase in serum creatinine due to OCT2 receptor inhibition. In combination with abacavir/lamivudine, dolutegravir has a lower impact than enofovir/emtricitabine/efavirenz on bone remodelling markers.


Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores de Integrase de HIV/efeitos adversos , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 3 Anéis/efeitos adversos , Remodelação Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Creatinina/sangue , Didesoxinucleosídeos/administração & dosagem , Didesoxinucleosídeos/farmacologia , Combinação de Medicamentos , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/etiologia , Quimioterapia Combinada , Gastroenteropatias/induzido quimicamente , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Inibidores de Integrase de HIV/uso terapêutico , Cefaleia/induzido quimicamente , Hepatite Viral Humana/complicações , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 3 Anéis/farmacologia , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 3 Anéis/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Síndrome Inflamatória da Reconstituição Imune/induzido quimicamente , Túbulos Renais/efeitos dos fármacos , Lamivudina/administração & dosagem , Lamivudina/farmacologia , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Transtornos do Humor/induzido quimicamente , Proteínas de Transporte de Cátions Orgânicos/antagonistas & inibidores , Transportador 2 de Cátion Orgânico , Oxazinas , Piperazinas , Piridonas , Transtornos Respiratórios/induzido quimicamente , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono/induzido quimicamente
10.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 145(7): 281-7, 2015 Oct 05.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25662720

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Gaucher disease is an inherited disorder caused by deficit of acid ß-glucocerebrosidase, responsible for the degradation of glucosylceramide to ceramide and glucose. Although the disorder is primarily hematologic, bone is the second most commonly affected structure. Cathepsin K (CATK) is an enzyme involved in bone remodelling process. It has been proposed that determination of its serum concentrations may provide additional information to other biomarkers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 20 control subjects and 20 Gaucher type 1 patients from Andalusia and Extremadura regions. We analyzed the biomarkers of bone remodelling: the bone alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP), the N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (P1NP), the ß carboxyterminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTx) and the CATK through electrochemiluminescence and immunoassay techniques. RESULTS: There is an increase in levels of CATK, CATK/P1NP and CATK/B-ALP ratios in type 1 Gaucher patients compared to the control group. Considering the existence of skeletal manifestations in the patient group, the CATK and CATK/P1NP ratio showed higher levels in patients with bone damage compared to those without it. CONCLUSIONS: Although imaging studies are the gold standard for monitoring bone disease in type 1 Gaucher patients, the utility of CATK should be considered as a possible indicator of bone damage in these patients. Furthermore, this parameter can be used in the monitoring of the treatment of bone pathology.


Assuntos
Remodelação Óssea/fisiologia , Catepsina K/sangue , Doença de Gaucher/enzimologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Feminino , Fêmur/patologia , Doença de Gaucher/patologia , Doença de Gaucher/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Coluna Vertebral/patologia , Adulto Jovem
11.
Rev. cuba. ortop. traumatol ; 28(2): 168-180, jul.-dic. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-740945

RESUMO

Introducción: la absorciometría dual con rayos X es comúnmente utilizada para cuantificar la remodelación ósea periprotésico, normalmente en seguimientos a corto plazo. Objetivo: determinar los patrones de remodelado producidos por vástago anatómico, mediante la cuantificación de cambios en la densidad mineral ósea en las 7 zonas de Gruen, durante el seguimiento, así como analizar la influencia de otros factores en el remodelado óseo. Métodos: se realizó un estudio prospectivo (10 años de seguimiento) a un grupo de 39 pacientes a los que se implantó una prótesis total de cadera no cementada. Se utilizó la cadera sana contralateral como control. Para cuantificar la remodelación femoral periprotésica se utilizó la absorciometría dual con rayos X en las 7 zonas de Gruen. Las mediciones de masa ósea se realizaron a los 15 días, 1, 3 y 10 años tras la intervención en la cadera no operada y a los 15 días, 1, 3, 5 y 10 años de la operación en la cadera protetizada. Se analizó también la influencia de otros factores en el remodelado óseo (sexo, índice de masa corporal y masa ósea preoperatoria). Resultados: se halló un descenso de la densidad mineral ósea del 7 por ciento en la zona 1 de Gruen y del 24,1 por ciento en la zona 7 de Gruen al final del décimo año. El sexo, el índice de masa corporal y la masa ósea preoperatoria no fueron estadísticamente relevantes en su influencia sobre el remodelado óseo. Conclusión: la remodelación ósea periprotésica depende en su mayor parte del implante, no se halló correlación con sexo, índice de masa corporal o masa ósea preoperatoria(AU)


Introduction: Dual X-ray absorptiometry is commonly used to quantify periprosthetic bone remodeling, usually for short-term follow up. Objective: determine patterns of remodeling caused by anatomical stem, by quantifying changes in bone mineral density in the 7 Gruen zones during follow up and analyze the influence of other factors in bone remodeling. Methods: a prospective study (10 year follow-up) was performed to a group of 39 patients undergoing uncemented total hip prosthesis. The healthy hip was used as control. Dual X-ray absorptiometry in Gruen zones 7 was used to quantify the femoral periprosthetic remodeling. Bone mass measurements were performed at 15 days, 1, 3 and 10 years after surgery on the non-operated hip, and at 15 days, 1, 3, 5 and 10 years of operation in the prosthetic hip. The influence of other factors in bone remodeling (sex, body mass index, and preoperative bone mass) was also analyzed. Results: 7 percent of decrease in bone mineral density was found in Gruen zone 1 and 24.1 percent was found in Gruen zone 7 at the end of the tenth year of follow up. Sex, body mass index and preoperative bone density were not statistically significant in its influence on bone remodeling. Conclusions: periprosthetic bone remodeling depends mainly on the implant. No correlation has been found with sex, body mass index and preoperative preoperative bone density(AU)


Introduction: l'absorptiométrie biphotonique à rayons X est fréquemment utilisée pour évaluer le remodelage osseux péri-prothétique, notamment par des suivis à court terme. Objectif: le but de cette étude est de déterminer les standards du remodelage osseux péri-prothétique produits par une tige anatomique, et d'analyser également l'influence d'autres facteurs sur le remodelage osseux. Méthodes: une étude prospective (suivi de 10 ans) d'un groupe de 39 patients, ayant subi une implantation de prothèse de hanche sans ciment, a été réalisée. Afin d'évaluer le remodelage fémoral périprothétique, on a effectué une absorptiométrie biphotonique à rayons X dans les 7 zones de Gruen. On a mesuré la DMO de la hanche non-opérée aux 15 jours et 1, 3, et 10 ans après la chirurgie, ainsi que la DMO de la hanche opérée aux 15 jours et 1, 3, 5, et 10 ans après la chirurgie. On a également analysé le retentissement d'autres facteurs (sexe, indice de masse corporelle, densité osseuse préopératoire) sur le remodelage osseux. Résultats: à la fin de la dixième année, on a trouvé une perte de la DMO de 7 pourcent dans la zone 1, et de 24.1 pourcent dans la zone 7. Le sexe, l'indice de masse corporelle et la masse osseuse préopératoire n'ont pas statistiquement influé sur le remodelage osseux. Conclusions: le remodelage osseux péri-prothétique dépend notamment de l'implant ; on n'a pas trouvé de corrélation avec le sexe, l'indice de masse corporelle ou la densité osseuse préopératoire(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Absorciometria de Fóton/métodos , Remodelação Óssea , Artroplastia de Quadril/métodos , Estudos Prospectivos
12.
Rev. argent. endocrinol. metab ; 51(1): 25-29, abr. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-750596

RESUMO

Dado que tanto las células inmunes como las hematopoyéticas se originan en la médula ósea no es sorprendente la interrelación entre ambos sistemas. Si bien las células de linaje osteoblástico son las principales para influenciar la diferenciación y la activación osteoclástica, las células del estroma que originan osteoblastos, las células hematopoyéticas no estromales, los linfocitos, junto con interleukinas y factores de crecimiento, también afectan la función de las células óseas. Rev Argent Endocrinol Metab 51:25-29, 2014 Los autores declaran no poseer conflictos de interés.


As both the immune and hematopoietic cells originate in the bone marrow, it is not surprising that there should be an interaction between these two systems. While osteoblasts have the main capacity to influence differentiation and activation of osteoclasts, osteoblast-producing stromal cells, non-hematopoietic stromal cells, lymphocytes, interleukins and growth factors also affect bone cell function. Rev Argent Endocrinol Metab 51:25-29, 2014 No financial conflicts of interest exist.

13.
Rev. cuba. estomatol ; 51(1): 107-112, ene.-mar. 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-721275

RESUMO

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws is characterized by alveolar bone exposure, especially after mucosal trauma or after surgical procedures, in patients who have previously received or who are currently receiving bisphosphonates without a history of radiation therapy in the maxillofacial region. The condition is refractory to treatment, and attempts at debridement are not completely effective in eradicating the necrotic bone. We report here a case of a severe osteonecrosis of the jaws in a 77-year-old male patient, who had been subjected to chemotherapy and treatment with zoledronic acid and corticosteroid. The patient also had comorbidities such as diabetes and periodontal disease, which might have contributed to the lesion development. Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws has become a reality in dental clinical practice. Although palliative treatment aiming at controlling pain, infection and injury progression is indicated, the therapeutic strategy is still challenging. So far, the best approach available is prevention, based on oral care before, during, and after bisphosphonate therapy(AU)


La osteonecrosis de los maxilares asociada al uso de bifosfonatos se traduce en la aparición de hueso alveolar expuesto y necrótico, especialmente después de un trauma de la mucosa o después de procedimientos quirúrgicos, en pacientes que han recibido previamente o que están recibiendo bifosfonatos pero sin historia de radioterapia a región máxilofacial. La afección es refractaria al tratamiento, y los intentos de desbridamiento no son totalmente eficaces en la erradicación del hueso necrótico. Se presenta aquí un caso de una grave osteonecrosis de los maxilares en un paciente masculino de 77 años de edad, que había sido sometido a quimioterapia y tratamiento con ácido zoledrónico y corticosteroides. El paciente también tenía comorbilidades como diabetes y enfermedad periodontal, que pueden haber contribuido al desarrollo de la lesión. El creciente número de casos de esta enfermedad en la literatura ha llamado la atención. Dado que el enfoque terapéutico sigue siendo difícil, la prevención es la mejor estrategia disponible(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Literatura de Revisão como Assunto , Doenças Maxilares/prevenção & controle , Osteonecrose da Arcada Osseodentária Associada a Difosfonatos/tratamento farmacológico
14.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-682891

RESUMO

La movilización de los dientes durante el tratamiento ortodóncico involucra procesos químicos, físicos y mecánicos. A partir de la aplicación de una fuerza, se da inicio a una serie de acontecimientos que dan como resultado el traslado del órgano dental desde su posición original. Existen diversas teorías o hipótesis que intentan describir el proceso de activación del sistema de remodelado óseo, sin embargo, todavía se siguen realizando investigaciones a fin de comprenderlo más detalladamente. El movimiento dentario en sí, requiere del remodelado del hueso alveolar, el cual involucra fases de resorción y aposición ósea. En la siguiente revisión bibliográfica se exponen secuencial y resumidamente los procesos mencionados


The teeth mobilization during orthodontic treatment involves chemical, physical and mechanical processes. Since the force application, initiates a series of events that result in the removal of the dental organ from its original position. There are various theories or hypotheses that attempt to describe the activation process of bone remodeling, however, research is still being conducted to understand it in more detail. Tooth movement itself, requires the remodeling of alveolar bone, which involves resorption phases and bone apposition. In the following literature review outlines the summary and sequential processes


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Processo Alveolar , Dente/fisiologia , Ortodontia , Técnicas de Movimentação Dentária , Reabsorção de Dente , Odontologia
15.
Acta cient. venez ; 54(1): 76-84, 2003. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-351693

RESUMO

Se propone un algoritmo para la simulación matemática del proceso remodelado óseo externo a nivel trabecular. Para ello se realizó el cálculo estructural con el método de los elementos de contorno y se integró con el modelo de remodelación ósea propuesto por Fridez9. Se incluyen varios ejemplos numéricos que muestran la validez y versatilidad del método propuesto. La velocidad en la obtención de la solución es una de las principales ventajas de este método.


An algorithm for the mathematical representation of external bone remodeling is proposed. The Boundary element method is used for the numerical analysis of trabecular bone, together whit the remodeling algorithm presented by Fridez9. The versatility and power of the algorithm discussed herein are shown by some numerical examples. As well, the method converges very fast to the solution, which is one of the main advantages of the proposed numerical scheme


Assuntos
Humanos , Remodelação Óssea , Modelos Biológicos , Osso e Ossos , Algoritmos
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