Urban river recovery: a systematic review on the effectiveness of water clean-up programs.

Urban rivers are affected at different levels by the intensification of human activities, representing a serious threat to the maintenance of terrestrial life and sustainable urban development. Consequently, great efforts have been dedicated to the ecological restoration of urban rivers around the world, as a solution to recovering the environmental functionality of these environments. In this sense, the present work aimed to investigate the effectiveness of interventions carried out aimed at the recovery of urban rivers, through a systematic review of the literature between 2010 and 2022, using the search term "rivers recovery." The results showed that there have been notable advances in the implementation of river recovery programs in urban areas around the world between the years analyzed. The ecosystems studied were affected, for the most part, by the increase in the supply of nutrients from domestic and industrial effluents, in addition to having highly urbanized surroundings and with several changes in land use patterns. The preparation of this literature review made it possible to demonstrate that the effectiveness of river recovery is extremely complex, since river recovery projects are developed for different reasons, as well as being carried out in different ways according to the intended objective.

Age of the onset of menarche and its complications: a literature review.

BACKGROUND: The menarche plays an important role in a woman's life, as its onset may generate the development of certain pathologies in the future. OBJECTIVES: To review the updated bibliography about risk factors related to the age of onset of menarche. SEARCH STRATEGY: A systematic search review of PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, EBSCO-Host, Springer Link, and Clinical Key from November 2021 to May 2022. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: From each article a descriptive summary organized by first author, year of publication, type of article, characteristics of the study, and results was extracted. The results of the different articles were compared before using them in the current literature review. MAIN RESULTS: A total of 15 824 articles were collected, from which 33 articles were used following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. It was found that an early estrogen stimulus triggers a predisposing factor for pathologies such as insulin resistance, asthma and short stature. In contrast, a late estrogenic stimulus generates low bone mineral density. CONCLUSIONS: The importance of menarche as a protective or triggering factor of pathologies helps us to implement preventive measures to avoid these future pathologies.

Chironomus sancticaroli (Diptera: Chironomidae) in ecotoxicology: laboratory cultures and tests.

Chironomus sancticaroli is a tropical species, easy to grow and to maintain in laboratory cultures. It has a fast reproduction cycle, under adequate conditions, around 30 days, allowing it to have many generations per year, an important criterion for selecting a test organism in ecotoxicology. Its life stages include: eggs, four larval instars (one planktonic and three benthic), pupa and adult (midges) This study aimed to: (1) review the methods for C. sancticaroli cultivation and its use in ecotoxicological tests, (2) establish a laboratory culture of C. sancticaroli, presenting the difficulties and discussing the ways to overcome them. Early 4th instar larvae was the most used in acute studies, while the 1st instar larvae (early 1st instar) was the most used in chronic studies; 96 h and 28 days were the most frequent durations in acute and chronic studies, respectively. The most common endpoints evaluated were organisms' survival and development, and most of the ecotoxicological studies using C. sancticaroli were performed in laboratory. Most of the tested contaminants were pesticides and these had the most adverse effects on organisms. Most mesocosms with environmental contaminated samples did not show adverse effects on C. sancticaroli. Chronic and field studies as well as those testing the effects of the mixture contaminants on C. sancticaroli were still deficient. Keeping the laboratory environment and equipment effectively sanitized was important as well as maintaining stabilized conditions of temperature, photoperiod, physical, chemical and biological water quality in cultures.

Celebrating Higher Education's 50 years: trends, absences, and opportunities.

The journal, Higher Education (HE), was established in 1972 and is currently one of the leading international journals in higher education studies. By using bibliometric techniques, a systematic review, and a social network analysis, this review article provides an overview of the main patterns of publications in HE during its history. The findings show that (i) the volume of articles has been continuously increasing, with a particular marked uplift since 2007; (ii) while single-authored articles have dominated the publication pattern, collaborative articles have shown a particular growth over the last decade; (iii) the USA, the UK, and Australia have dominated the journal in terms of the number of articles, international collaboration, and the most prolific authors; (iv) while Chinese authors have become more evident, there has been a near-absence of contributions from Latin America, Eastern Europe, and most of Africa; (v) in the entire history of HE, there has been a gender imbalance (in favour of male authors) across the most cited articles, but this pattern has changed in the last decade and; (vi) both teaching and learning and system policy have been key research themes in the journal although internationalisation and the student experience have recently gained traction. These patterns of publication in HE, with their imbalances and absences, suggest several challenges ahead. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10734-022-00924-7.

SARS-CoV-2: sua relação com os animais e potencial doença zoonótica / SARS-CoV-2: its relationship with animals and potential zoonotic disease / SARS-CoV-2: su relación con los animales y la enfermedad zoonótica potencial

Os coronavírus (CoVs) estão em constante evolução e representam uma ameaça a saúde pública mundial por causarem surtos que podem ser fatais. Como exemplo, pode-se citar os vírus causadores das síndromes respiratórias SARS e MERS. O novo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2 que surgiu em 2019 em Wuhan, na China, é o terceiro surto de CoV em humanos e responsável por causar impactos negativos na saúde, como manifestações respiratórias, digestivas e sistemáticas. Diante da necessidade de maiores estudos acerca desta enfermidade, esta revisão objetivou reunir os dados sobre SARS-CoV-2 em animais, dada a grande probabilidade de salto de espécies associados aos morcegos, e também de estudos que demonstram que o SARS-CoV-2 pode ter tido origem em um reservatório animal, com destaque para os morcegos e pangolins. A vigilância deste microrganismo deve ser direcionada de modo a identificar os reservatórios do SARS-CoV-2 para melhor compreensão da patogênese e seus hospedeiros a fim de aumentar os conhecimentos a respeito deste vírus pandêmico.(AU)

Coronavirus (CoVs) are constantly evolving and represents a threat to the worlds public health since they cause outbreaks that can be fatal. As an example, the viruses that cause SARS and MERS respiratory syndromes can be mentioned. The new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus that appeared in 2019 in Wuhan, China, is the third CoV outbreak in humans with negative health conditions such as respiratory, digestive and systematic manifestations. In view of the need for further studies on this disease, this review aimed to gather data on SARS-CoV-2 in animals, given the high probability of jumping species associated with bats, and also studies that demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 may have originated in an animal reservoir, more likely on bats and pangolins. The surveillance of this microorganism should be directed to identify the reservoirs of SARS-CoV-2 for a better understanding of the pathogenesis and its hosts in order to increase knowledge about this pandemic virus.(AU)

Los coronavirus (CoV) evolucionan constantemente y representan una amenaza para la salud pública en todo el mundo porque causan brotes que pueden ser fatales. Como ejemplo, podemos mencionar los virus que causan los síndromes respiratorios SARS y MERS. El nuevo coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 que surgió en 2019 en Wuhan, China, es el tercer brote de CoV en humanos y es responsable de causar impactos negativos en la salud, como manifestaciones respiratorias, digestivas y sistemáticas. En vista de la necesidad de más estudios sobre esta enfermedad, esta revisión tuvo como objetivo recopilar datos sobre el SARS-CoV-2 en animales, dada la alta probabilidad de especies saltarinas asociadas con los murciélagos, y también estudios que demuestren que el SARS-CoV-2 es puede haberse originado en un reservorio animal, especialmente murciélagos y pangolines. La vigilancia de este microorganismo debe estar dirigida a identificar los reservorios del SARS-CoV-2 para una mejor comprensión de la patogénesis y sus hospedadores con el fin de aumentar el conocimiento sobre este virus pandémico.(AU)

Understanding the anatomy of the Denonvilliers fascia: review article / Compreendendo a anatomia da fáscia de Denonvilliers: artigo de revisão

Abstract The postoperative outcome of rectal cancer has been improved after the introduction of the principles of total mesorectal excision (TME). Total mesorectal excision includes resection of the diseased rectum and mesorectum with non-violated mesorectal fascia (en bloc resection). Dissection along themesorectal fascia through the principle of the "holy plane" minimizes injury of the autonomic nerves and increases the chance of preserving them. It is important to stick to the TME principle to avoid perforating the tumor; violating the mesorectal fascia, thus resulting in positive circumferential resection margin (CRM); or causing injury to the autonomic nerves, especially if the tumor is located anteriorly. Therefore, identifying the anterior plane of dissection during TME is important because it is related with the autonomic nerves (Denonvilliers fascia). Although there are many articles about the Denonvilliers fascia (DVF) or the anterior dissection plane, unfortunately, there is no consensus on its embryological origin, histology, and gross anatomy. In the present review article, I aim to delineate and describe the anatomy of the DVF inmore details based on a review of the literature, in order to provide insight for colorectal surgeons to better understand this anatomical feature and to provide the best care to their patients.

Resumo O resultado pós-operatório do câncer retal foi melhorado após a introdução dos princípios da excisão total do mesorreto (TME, na sigla em inglês). A excisão total do mesorreto inclui a ressecção do reto e do mesorreto afetados com fáscia mesorretal não violada (ressecção em bloco). A dissecção ao longo da fáscia mesorretal pelo princípio do "plano sagrado" minimiza a lesão dos nervos autônomos e aumenta a chance de preservá-los. É importante seguir o princípio da TME para evitar: a perfuração do tumor; a violação da fáscia mesorretal, resultando em margem de ressecção circunferencial (CRM) positiva; ou a lesão aos nervos autônomos, especialmente se o tumor estiver localizado anteriormente. Portanto, a identificação do plano anterior de dissecção durante a TME é importante, pois está relacionada comos nervos autonômicos (fáscia de Denonvilliers). Embora existammuitos artigos sobre a fáscia de Denonvilliers (DVF, na sigla em inglês) ou o plano de dissecção anterior, infelizmente não há consenso sobre sua origem embriológica, histologia e anatomia macroscópica. No presente artigo de revisão, retendo delinear e descrever a anatomia da DVF em mais detalhes com base em uma revisão da literatura, a fim de fornecer subsídios para os cirurgiões colorretais entenderemmelhor esta característica anatômica e fornecer o melhor cuidado para seus pacientes.

Renal and cardiovascular repercussions in preeclampsia and their impact on fluid management: a literature review.

Preeclampsia is a multifactorial condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Fluid therapy in these patients is challenging since volume expansion may precipitate pulmonary edema, and fluid restriction may worsen renal function. Furthermore, cardiac impairment may introduce an additional component to the hemodynamic management. This article reviews the repercussions of preeclampsia on renal and cardiovascular systems and the development of pulmonary edema, as well as to discuss fluid management, focusing on the mitigation of adverse outcomes and monitoring alternatives. The literature review was carried out using PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases from May 2019 to March 2020. Papers addressing the subjects of interest were included regardless of the publication language. There is a current trend towards restricting the administration of fluids in women with non-complicated preeclampsia. However, patients with preeclampsia may experience hemorrhagic shock, requiring volume resuscitation. In this case, hemodynamic monitoring is recommended to guide fluid therapy while avoiding complications.

SARS-CoV-2: sua relação com os animais e potencial doença zoonótica / SARS-CoV-2: its relationship with animals and potential zoonotic disease / SARS-CoV-2: su relación con los animales y la enfermedad zoonótica potencial

Os coronavírus (CoVs) estão em constante evolução e representam uma ameaça a saúde pública mundial por causarem surtos que podem ser fatais. Como exemplo, pode-se citar os vírus causadores das síndromes respiratórias SARS e MERS. O novo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2 que surgiu em 2019 em Wuhan, na China, é o terceiro surto de CoV em humanos e responsável por causar impactos negativos na saúde, como manifestações respiratórias, digestivas e sistemáticas. Diante da necessidade de maiores estudos acerca desta enfermidade, esta revisão objetivou reunir os dados sobre SARS-CoV-2 em animais, dada a grande probabilidade de salto de espécies associados aos morcegos, e também de estudos que demonstram que o SARS-CoV-2 pode ter tido origem em um reservatório animal, com destaque para os morcegos e pangolins. A vigilância deste microrganismo deve ser direcionada de modo a identificar os reservatórios do SARS-CoV-2 para melhor compreensão da patogênese e seus hospedeiros a fim de aumentar os conhecimentos a respeito deste vírus pandêmico.

Coronavirus (CoVs) are constantly evolving and represents a threat to the world’s public health since they cause outbreaks that can be fatal. As an example, the viruses that cause SARS and MERS respiratory syndromes can be mentioned. The new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus that appeared in 2019 in Wuhan, China, is the third CoV outbreak in humans with negative health conditions such as respiratory, digestive and systematic manifestations. In view of the need for further studies on this disease, this review aimed to gather data on SARS-CoV-2 in animals, given the high probability of jumping species associated with bats, and also studies that demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 may have originated in an animal reservoir, more likely on bats and pangolins. The surveillance of this microorganism should be directed to identify the reservoirs of SARS-CoV-2 for a better understanding of the pathogenesis and its hosts in order to increase knowledge about this pandemic virus.

Los coronavirus (CoV) evolucionan constantemente y representan una amenaza para la salud pública en todo el mundo porque causan brotes que pueden ser fatales. Como ejemplo, podemos mencionar los virus que causan los síndromes respiratorios SARS y MERS. El nuevo coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 que surgió en 2019 en Wuhan, China, es el tercer brote de CoV en humanos y es responsable de causar impactos negativos en la salud, como manifestaciones respiratorias, digestivas y sistemáticas. En vista de la necesidad de más estudios sobre esta enfermedad, esta revisión tuvo como objetivo recopilar datos sobre el SARS-CoV-2 en animales, dada la alta probabilidad de especies saltarinas asociadas con los murciélagos, y también estudios que demuestren que el SARS-CoV-2 es puede haberse originado en un reservorio animal, especialmente murciélagos y pangolines. La vigilancia de este microorganismo debe estar dirigida a identificar los reservorios del SARS-CoV-2 para una mejor comprensión de la patogénesis y sus hospedadores con el fin de aumentar el conocimiento sobre este virus pandémico.

Contrast-Enhanced Mammography: A Scientific Review.

In this paper we provide an overview of contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) and a review of the published literature in order to provide a picture of the current state of the evidence on the performance of CEM. Clinical research was fairly sparse following the demonstration of the technique in research subjects about 18 years ago, but the number of publications rapidly increased following commercialization 9 years ago, and even more so in the last 5 years. Initial studies compared CEM with mammography, and clearly showed that CEM could detect cancers not visible on mammography. More recent studies have primarily focused on comparing the performance of CEM with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in selected cohorts. These studies have almost uniformly shown CEM and MRI to have similar sensitivities, with sensitivity and accuracy showing more variability from study to study. With increasing clinical use, a large number of retrospective reviews of CEM have appeared, showing utility of CEM in the diagnostic clinical setting. Most recently, a small number of papers have been published looking at CEM for high-risk and dense breast screening, two potentially large applications of the technique, showing it to outperform mammography in both populations. CEM has clearly been shown to have clinical utility, but more prospective studies, including screening studies, are needed to further evaluate its performance, especially in comparison with MRI.

Falla intestinal. Artículo de revisión / Intestinal failure Review article

La falla intestinal (FI) se define como la disminución de la función del intestino por debajo de lo mínimo necesario para la absorción de los macronutrientes y / o agua y electrolitos, de tal manera que se requiere de la suplementación intravenosa (SIV) para mantener la salud y el crecimiento. Desde el punto de vista funcional se clasifica en tres tipos. FI tipo I: condición aguda, de corto duración y generalmente auto limitada, FI tipo II: estado agudo prolongado, a menudo en pacientes metabólicamente inestables, que requieren cuidado multidisciplinario y SIV durante períodos de una semana o meses, acompañada de complicaciones sépticas, metabólicas y nutricionales y FI tipo III: condición crónica, en pacientes metabólicamente estables, que requieren SIV durante meses o años. Su manejo requiere de terapia nutricional y en casos seleccionados cirugía autóloga de reconstrucción(AU)

Intestinal failure (FI) is defined as the decrease in intestinal function below the minimum necessary for the absorption of macronutrients and / or water and electrolytes, in such a way that intravenous supplementation (IVS) is required to maintain health and growth. From a functional point of view, it is classified into three types. FI type I: acute condition, of short duration and generally self-limited, FI type II: prolonged acute state, often in metabolically unstable patients, requiring multidisciplinary care and SIV for periods of a week or months, accompanied by septic, metabolic and nutrition and FI type III: chronic condition, in metabolically stable patients, who require SIV for months or years. Its management requires nutritional therapy and in selected cases autologous reconstruction surgery(AU)

Planejamento de ensino e Educação Física: uma revisão de literatura em periódicos nacionais / Planning teaching and Physical Education: a literature review in national journal / Planificación de la enseñanza y la Educación Física: una revisión de literatura en periódicos nacionales

Neste estudo qualitativo objetivamos investigar como a temática planejamento de ensino vem sendo tratada na produção científica da Área de Conhecimento da Educação Física (EF). Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura em periódicos nacionais de estrato A1 a B2 do Qualis CAPES para a "Área de Avaliação Educação Física", que compreendeu o período de 2001 até 2016. Foi possível inferir que os estudos são pautados por reflexões e problematizações que enfatizam a necessidade de planejar coletivamente, a importância de vincular o planejamento à proposta do Projeto Político-Pedagógico, a coerência entre o que se planeja e a visão de sociedade e de aluno que queremos, e ainda a possibilidade que o exercício de planejar oferece no sentido de respaldar a EF como importante componente curricular. Destacamos que o planejamento participativo, embora não seja uma temática nova, vem ganhando força nos estudos encontrados, sobretudo no que se refere à participação ativa dos alunos na sua construção.

This qualitative study aimed to investigate the theme of education planning has been treated in the scientific production of the Knowledge Area of Physical Education (PE). It was made a reviwe in national journals literature with stratum A1 to B2 of the Qualis CAPES to the "Physical Education Evaluation Area", which covered the period 2001 to 2016. It was possible to infer that the studies are guided by reflections and problematizations that emphasize the need to plan collectively, the importance of linking planning the proposal of the political-pedagogical project, coherence between what is planned and the company's vision and student we want, and the possibility that the exercise plan offers towards to support the EF as important curricular component. We highlight that participatory planning, although not a new theme, is gaining strength in the studies found, especially as regards the active participation of students in their construction.

Este estudio cualitativo tuvo como objetivo investigar el tema de la planificación de la educación ha sido tratado en la producción científica del área de conocimiento de Educación Física (PE). Fue realizada una revisión en revistas nacionales de la literatura estrato A1 a B2 del Qualis CAPES fue hecho a la "zona de Evaluación de la Educación Física", que abarcaba el período de 2001 a 2016. Fue posible inferir que los estudios son guiados por reflexiones y problematizaciones que enfatizan la necesidad de planificar colectivamente, la importancia de vincular la planificación de la propuesta del proyecto político-pedagógico, la coherencia entre lo que se planifican y la visión y el estudiante que queremos de la compañía, y la posibilidad de que el plan de ejercicios ofrece hacia para apoyar la EF como componente curricular importante. Destacamos que la planificación participativa, aunque no es un tema nuevo, está ganando fuerza en los estudios encontrados, especialmente en lo que se refiere a la participación activa de los estudiantes en su construcción.