Effect of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma-Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma-Chuanxiong Rhizoma Extract on HUVECs Senescence Mediated by Endothelial Microparticles / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma-Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma-Chuanxiong Rhizoma extract on endothelial microparticles （EMPs）-induced vascular endothelial cell senescence， and explore the possible mechanism. Method:Human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVECs） were used as the research objects， and the aged model was established with 10-12 passages of replicative senescence cells. The experimental cells were divided into young group （2-4 passage cells）， aged group （10-12 passage cells）， only EMPs intervention group （extract EMPs produced by aged cells to intervene young cells） and low dose， middle dose and high dose drug intervention groups （200， 300， 400 mg·L^-1）. Senescence related <italic>β</italic>-galactosidase （SA-<italic>β</italic>-gal） staining and cell cycle propidium iodide （PI） staining were used to determine cell senescence. Cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay was used to screen the drug concentration. EMPs were extracted by two-step centrifugation， EMPs labeled with phycoerythrin （PE） anti-human CD31 antibody or fluorescein isothiocyanate （FITC） annexin V were detected by flow cytometry， intracellular reactive oxygen species （ROS） were detected by 2'，7'- dichlorofluorescein diacetate （DCFDA） staining. Result:After treatment with the drug， SA-<italic>β</italic>-gal activity of the aged cells significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， the S phase arrest was restored （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and the number of CD31⁺ EMPs and annexin V⁺ EMPs secreted by aged cells decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Compared with the young group， only EMPs intervention group could induce increased SA-<italic>β</italic>-gal activity and S phase arrest in young cells （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）. However， after intervention of EMPs and the drug， EMPs-mediated increase of SA-<italic>β</italic>-gal activity was significantly inhibited and S phase arrest was restored （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. The increase of intracellular ROS induced by EMPs was also significantly inhibited by the drug （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma-Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma-Chuanxiong Rhizoma extract can delay the senescence of vascular endothelial cells by influencing EMPs， and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of increased intracellular ROS induced by EMPs.

"Effects of extracts from Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Sanqi (Radix Notoginseng), and Chuanxiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong) on F-actin in senescent microvascular endothelial cells".

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of extracts from Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Sanqi (Radix Notoginseng), and Chuanxiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong) on the endothelial actin cytoskeleton in senescent human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (HCMECs), and to propose the possible mechanism underlying the actions. METHODS: Lentiviral mediated RNA interference was applied to a replicative senescent HCMEC model by knocking down heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) gene. Cells were treated with extracts from Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Sanqi (Radix Notoginseng), and Chuanxiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong) at final concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 mg/L, respectively and with 10 µM resveratrol for 48 h. Untreated cells were used as controls. Senescence was detected by senescence ß-galactosidase staining and cell proliferation was analyzed by cell counting kit-8 assays. Secreted nitric oxide levels were detected by nitrate reductase. Morphological changes of F-actin and G-actin were observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy. Protein and gene expression of F- actin and HSP27 was detected by western blotting. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the proportion of senescent HSP27 shRNA cells treated with the extracts was decreased and their proliferation was increased. In the extract intervention group, F-actin around the cell periphery became irregular and jagged fractures formed gradually and then dissipated. Moreover, some dynamic actin stress fiber filaments appeared. The G-actin stretched to the cell periphery and punctate staining was scattered in the cytoplasm. In addition, the mean optical density value of F/G-actin was decreased significantly and the protein expression of F-actin was downregulated. CONCLUSION: The extracts delayed microvascular endothelial cell senescence by downregulating the expression of F-actin through HSP27.

Comparative study on volatile oil in Rhizoma chuanxiong by steam distillation and supercritical fluid extraction / 药学实践杂志

Objective To clarify the influence of the extraction process on its active ingredients by comparing the volatile oils of Rhizoma Chuanxiong obtained under different processes. Methods The volatile oil of Rhizoma Chuanxiong was extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction (SFE) and steam distillation. The main chemical components and relative contents were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results A total of 18 common components were identified in the volatile oil samples of Chuanxiong from the two methods. In steam distillation samples, main components included phthalides (61%), monoterpenoids (25%) and sesquiterpenes (10%). In SFE samples, phthalides (97%) were major components, followed by monoterpenoids (1%),sesquiterpenes (0.4%) and other minor components. Conclusion The steam distillation retains highly volatile components in Rhizoma chuanxiong such as monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenes. For SFE approach, the phthalides were extracted more efficiently compared with other components. The effect of the extraction process on the active ingredients should be fully considered in obtained products of Rhizoma chuanxiong since the difference in constituents may result in varied effects.

High tetramethylpyrazine production by the endophytic bacterial Bacillus subtilis isolated from the traditional medicinal plant Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.

Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) with significant protective effects on cardiovascular is the active ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine Rhizoma Chuanxiong (RC). However, many studies have reported the low content of TMP in RC. The endophytes of medicinal plants have the biosynthetic potential to produce the same or similar active metabolites as the host, while few reports were conducted to explore the endophytic bacteria of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. and its productive capacity for the important ingredient TMP. The present paper focuses on the isolation and identification of TMP producing endophytic bacteria from RC. In this study, the endophytic bacteria were isolated from the rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (Umbelliferae). Yeast extract peptone glucose medium (YP) was used for fermentation medium (37 °C, 220 rpm agitation, 144 h). GC and GC/MS were performed to determine and verify the product, the fermentation characteristics were investigated. Morphological observation, physiological and biochemical indexes combining with 16S rRNA sequence analysis were carried out to identify the endophytic bacteria. As a result, five strains of endophytic Bacillus subtilis were firstly isolated and identified from RC, named as LB3, LB3-2-1, LB6-2, LB4, LB5 respectively. All five strains of endophytic B. subtilis produced TMP, while LB5 had the highest production of 10.69 g/L at the 144 h fermentation. This work demonstrates the fact that the endophytic B. subtilis of RC can produce a high level of TMP, indicating the endophytic B. subtilis might play a role in the accumulation of TMP during the growth period of RC.

Effects of amendments on heavy metal immobilization and uptake by Rhizoma chuanxiong on copper and cadmium contaminated soil.

An improved method was applied for remediating cadmium and copper co-contaminated soil and reducing the metal concentration in Rhizoma chuanxiong. Pot experiments were conducted with six amendments (composed with bentonite, phosphate, humic acid, biochar, sepiolite powder, etc.). The results showed that soil pH, biological activities (soil enzymatic activities and microbial counts) and R. chuanxiong biomass were greatly improved with the addition of amendments in all treatments, especially in T3 and T6. Also, amendments effectively decreased the concentration of malondialdehyde and H2O2 in R. chuanxiong. In the T3 treatment, the bio-available Cd and Cu in soil were significantly decreased by 0.53 and 0.41 mg kg-1, respectively. Meanwhile, the amendment in T3 reduced Cd and Cu accumulation in R. chuanxiong about 45.83 and 39.37%, respectively, compared to T0. Moreover, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra showed the surface functional groups of every amendment. To conclude, this study offers an effective and environmental method to reduce metal accumulation in R. chuanxiong on heavy metal co-contaminated soil.

An ultrafiltration and high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and mass spectrometry approach for screening and characterizing thrombin inhibitors from Rhizoma Chuanxiong.

Thrombin (THR) plays a significant role in thromboembolic diseases, direct THR inhibitors are a class of important clinical anticoagulant drugs. This study established a THR in-solution based biospecific extraction combined with ultrafiltration and high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and mass spectrometry analysis (TUA) method to screen and identify ligands for THR in Rhizoma Chuanxiong. After evaluating the reliability of the present TUA method using positive (argatroban) and negative (adenosine, tirofiban, ticagrelor) control drugs, this method was successfully applied to detect eight potential active compounds in Rhizoma Chuanxiong. Two new THR-targeted compounds isochlorogenic acid C and senkyunolide I with high THR inhibitory activity (IC50 206.48 and 197.23µM, respectively) were identified by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and enzyme inhibitory activity test finally. They were reported with direct THR inhibition activity for the first time and their ligand-THR interactions were explored by in silico molecular docking research. In addition, based on the TUA screening result, four compounds gained similar structure with the two hit compounds were also investigated as promising candidates targeting THR with high binding energy (>5.0kcal/mol). These results may prove that the proposed method could effectively screen THR inhibitors in complex mixtures.

Effects of Anticancer Chinese Medicines Screened Out by Data Mining on Proliferation and Migration of Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cells / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To screen out some Chinese medicines with obvious inhibitory actions on triple-negative breast cancer based on data mining. Methods Literatures of breast cancer effectively treated by Chinese medicine issued in recent 15 years were collected, and then the frequency analysis and cluster analysis were used to screen the frequently-used herbs. According to the above results, the serum containing the obtained drugs were prepared respectively. And then the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of breast cancer cells MDB-MB-231 treated with the serum containing various Chinese medicines for 12, 24 h were observed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay and transwell cell invasion and migration experiments, respectively. Results The frequently-used herbs were screened out as Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Herba Taraxaci, Herba Hedyotis Diffusae, Radix Trichosanthis, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae. The proliferation of MDB-MB-231 cells was significantly inhibited by serum seperately containing Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Herba Taraxaci, Herba Hedyotis Diffusae, Radix Trichosanthis, and Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae to different degrees, and the migration abilities of MDB-MB-231 cells were obviously inhibited by serum containing Herba Taraxaci, Herba Hedyotis Diffusae, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae, respectively. And the invasion abilities of MDB-MB-231 cells were obviously inhibited by serum containing Herba Taraxaci, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Herba Hedyotis Diffusae, respectively. Conclusion Chinese medicines such as Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Herba Taraxaci, Herba Hedyotis Diffusae, Radix richosanthis, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae obtained by data mining technology have obviously inhibitory effects on triple-negative breast cancer.

Effect of Serum Containing Rhizoma Chuanxiong on Proliferation and Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To observe the influence of serum containing Rhizoma Chuanxiong on the proliferation and differentiation of mouse embryos stem cells(ESCs).Methods Mouse ESCs were co-cultured with serum containing Rhizoma Chuanxiong.The proliferation of ESCs was detected by CCK-8 method.The expression level of specific gene beta-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) in cardiac myoblasts was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results Compared with the blank rat serum group and the blank fetal bovine serum group,the differences of activities of ESCs in serum containing Rhizoma Chuanxiong group were in significant(P ＞0.05) and the expression level of specific gene β-MHC in cardiac myoblasts was increased (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Serum containing Rhizoma Chuanxiong can promote the differentiation of ESCs into cardiac myoblasts.

Simultaneous determination of five bioactive constituents in Rhizoma Chuanxiong by capillary electrophoresis with a carbon nanotube-polydimethylsiloxane composite electrode.

A carbon nanotube (CNT)-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite electrode was developed for the capillary electrophoretic determination of the bioactive constituents in Rhizoma Chuanxiong, a traditional Chinese medicine. The novel composite electrode was fabricated on the basis of the in situ polyaddition of curing agent-containing dimethyl siloxane oligomer in the presence of CNTs in the inner bore of a piece of fused silica capillary under heat. It was coupled with capillary electrophoresis for the separation and detection of vanillin, ferulic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, and protocatechuic acid in Rhizoma Chuanxiong to demonstrate its feasibility and performance. The five phenolic constituents were well separated within 13min in a 45cm long capillary at a separation voltage of 15kV using a 50mM borate buffer (pH 9.2). The CNT-based detector offered higher sensitivity, significantly lower operating potential, satisfactory reproducibility, and lower expense of operation, indicating great promise for a wide range of analytical applications.

Fingerprinting of traditional Chinese medicines on the C18-Diol mixed-mode column in online or offline two-dimensional liquid chromatography on the single column modes.

In the present study, a mixed-mode stationary phase, C18-Diol, was applied for fingerprint analysis of traditional Chinese medicines. Hydrophobic, hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions were demonstrated to contribute the retention separately or jointly, which endowed the C18-Diol stationary phase with distinct selectivity compared to the bare C18 one. The separation of total alkaloids extracted from Fritillaria hupehensis was compared on the C18-Diol and conventional C18 column with the greater resolving power and better symmetry responses on the former one. Besides, a novel two-dimensional liquid chromatography on the single column (2D-LC-1C) was realized on C18-Diol with the offline mode for the alcohol extract of Fritillaria hupehensis and online mode for Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. The early co-eluted extracted components with great polarity on the first dimension were reinjected on the same column and well separated on the second dimension. The results exhibited that the two complementary RPLC and HILIC modes on C18-Diol stationary phase enhanced the separation capacity and revealed more abundant chemical information of the sample, which was a powerful tool in analyzing complex herbal medicines.

Fingerprint analysis of processed Rhizoma Chuanxiong by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection.

BACKGROUND: Rhizoma Chuanxiong (RC) is the dried rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort., and various types of processed Rhizoma Chuanxiong (PRC) are widely used in China. However, quality assurance and quality control of these processed medicines remain challenging. This study aims to investigate the chemical compositions of various PRC preparations by a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with diode array detection (DAD) method. METHODS: A HPLC-DAD method with validation was developed for PRC samples. Seven batches of plant samples from two processing methods, stir-frying and steaming, were analyzed by the HPLC-DAD method. Common peaks in PRC chromatograms were chosen to calculate their relative retention time (RRT) and relative peak area (RPA), and similarity analyses of the chromatographic fingerprints were conducted by Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine software (Version 2004 A). RESULTS: In the 24-h stability test, the relative standard deviation for the RRT and RPA was less than 0.07% and 2.57%, respectively. The precision was less than 0.08% for the RRT and 2.48% for the RPA. The repeatability for the RRT and RPA was less than 0.03% and 2.64%, respectively. The similarities between the seven PRC batches were range from 0.956 to 0.990. After stir-frying or steaming, the amount of ferulic acid in PRC was much higher than that in the raw material. CONCLUSIONS: The fingerprint analysis of PRC by different processing methods was feasible by HPLC-DAD.

Simultaneous determination of six active components by a single standard to determine multicomponents combined with fingerprint analysis for the quality control of Rhizoma Chuanxiong.

To control the quality of Rhizoma Chuanxiong, a method based on high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled with diode array detection was developed for the quantitative analysis of six active ingredients using a single standard to determine multi-components and chemical fingerprint analysis for the first time. The separation was performed on an Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 column by gradient elution with methanol and aqueous phase (containing 0.5% glacial acetic acid) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The UV wavelength was set at 274 nm. This assay was fully validated with respect to precision, repeatability, and accuracy. All calibration curves showed good linearity (R(2) > 0.9994) within test ranges. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were lower than 0.01 and 0.03 µg/mL, respectively. The relative standard deviation for repeatability and the intermediate precision of six analytes were less than 1.6 and 2.5%, respectively, the overall recovery was 96.1-103.1%. In addition, fingerprint chromatography using hierarchical clustering analysis and similarity analysis was performed to differentiate and classify the samples. The method described here could provide a more comprehensive and reasonable scientific assessment of the quality of Rhizoma Chuanxiong. Therefore, the strategy is feasible, credible, and is easily and effectively adapted for evaluating the quality control of Rhizoma Chuanxiong.

Systematic and efficient separation of 11 compounds from Rhizoma Chuanxiong via counter-current chromatography-solid phase extraction-counter-current chromatography hyphenation.

A counter-current chromatography (CCC)-solid phase extraction (SPE)-CCC system with high preparative capacity was used to realize rapid one-run systematic separation of natural products, in which two six-port valves and the SPE cartridge served as the interface. In the orthogonal separation system, equal column volumes of TEB-300A and TEB-300B were employed for the first dimension (1st-D) and second dimension (2nd-D), respectively. An optimized solid-phase column (25 mm × 10 mm i.d.) packed with Oasis HLB materials acted as the trapping SPE column. The analyte-focusing effect of the trapping column associated with the considerable preparative capacities of 1st-D and 2nd-D using totally different solvent systems significantly facilitated this one-run systematic separation of natural product. Therefore, this proposed approach was successfully applied to isolate chemical compounds from the crude extract of Rhizoma Chuanxiong. As a result, 11 compounds with widely different polarities were separated by running CCC for only one time. More importantly, this hyphenated strategy could serve as a rapid and efficient systematic pathway for the separation of natural products.

Interaction of lobed kudzuvine root, rhizoma chuanxiong with both acetylcholinesterase and beta-amyloid (Aß1-42).

BACKGROUND: Lobed kudzuvine root and rhizoma chuanxiong are effective drugs in traditional Chinese medicine. OBJECTIVE: Extracts of the two medicines were investigated for their in vitro of beta-amyloid (Aß1-42)-aggregation-and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-inhibitory activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The interaction of lobed kudzuvine root, rhizoma chuanxiong with both acetylcholinesterase and beta-amyloid (Aß1-42) were studied by Michaelis-Menten equations, Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence analysis and transmission electron microscope (TEM). RESULTS: Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase showed that 1-butanol fraction of the two medicines were noncompetitive inhibition, apparent inhibition constants were 9.947 and 7.1523. ThT fluorescence analysis and TEM results indicated that inhibition of the water fraction and 1-butanol fraction (both lobed kudzuvine root and rhizoma chuanxiong) was better. CONCLUSION: The result supported further research on chemical constituents and pharmacological mechanisms.

TLC Identification of Rhizoma Chuanxiong and HPLC Determination of Ferulic Acid in Ganning Granula / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To establish methods for the identification of Rhizoma Chuanxiong and determination of Ferulic acid( FA) in Ganning granula. METHODS: The identification of Rhizoma Chuanxiong was carried out by TLC and the determination of FA was by performed by HPLC. FA was separated on Kromasil ODS-1 C18 column with water-methanol-acetic acid ( 30∶ 69. 5∶ 0. 5) as mobile phase. The detection wavelength was 322nm, the column temperature was set at room temperature and the flow rate was 1. 0mL? min-1. RESULTS: The TLC spots of the sample presented the same color as its counterparts of Rhizoma Chuanxiong standard and FA reference substance at the corresponding sites. The linear range of FA was 0. 010 12 ～ 0. 151 80? g( r=0. 999 9, n=8) . The average recovery was 97. 39% ( RSD=1. 97% ) . CONCLUSION: The methods of identification and content determination were rapid, accurate, specific and reproducible, and which are suitable for the quality control of Ganning granula.

Study on the Inclusion of Volatile Oil Extracted from Rhizoma Chuanxiong and Radix et Rhizoma Asari with ?-Cyclodextrin / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To investigate the process conditions for ?-cyclodextrin-inclusion of volatile oil obtained from Rhizoma Chuanxiong and Radix et Rhizoma Asari in Guanxin Zhitong Cataplasma,which is prescribed by Professor Deng Tietao.Methods The orthogonal design was used for the optimization of inclusion conditions.With the transformation rate of the volatile oil in inclusion complex and with the yield of inclusion complex as the evaluation indexes,the mass ratio of ?-cyclodextrin to oil,the temperature and the inclusion time were used as the main factors of L9(34)orthogonal design.Results The optimal conditions for inclusion were as follows: the mass ratio of ?-cyclodextrin to oil being 8∶1,in a saturated water solution,inclusion temperature at 60 ℃,and stirring for 1h.Conclusion The optimal conditions for ?-cyclodextrin-inclusion of volatile oil from Rhizoma Chuanxiong and Radix et Rhizoma Asari are steady and feasible.

Effect of the Extracts from Rhizoma Chuanxiong and Radix Paeoniae Rubra in Different Proportions on Promoting Blood Circulation and Removing Blood Stasis / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective To observe the effect of drug pairs of extracts from Rhizoma Chuanxiong(RC)and Radix Paeoniae Rubra(RPR)in different proportions on promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis in rats and to find the optimal proportion between the two extracts.Methods The Wistar rat models of blood stasis were established by injection of adrenalin.The changes of the platelet aggregation and adhesiveness and erythrocyte aggregation were observed.Results Blood vessel contraction increased,the platelet aggregation and erythrocyte aggregation increased,erythrocyte deformation occurred and the blood viscosity increased in the model rats.The drug pairs could reduce blood viscosity,ameliorate erythrocyte ability of deformation,reduce erythrocyte aggregation and inhibit platelet aggregation.The effects were obvious especially in the groups of RC and RPR in the proportions of 0.45 g to 0.45 g,0.21 g to 0.45 g.Conclusion The drug couples from RC and RPR in different proportions could improve the blood rheology,the effect being obvious in the groups of RC and RPR in the proportions of 0.45 g to 0.45 g,0.21 g to 0.45 g.

Optimization of Vacuum-belt Drying Process of Rhizoma Chuanxiong Extract / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective To explore the optimal conditions of the vacuum-belt drying process of Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract.Methods Influencing factors of the vacuum belt drying process of Rhizoma Chuanxiong extract were studied by using orthogonal test.The water content and ferulic acid content of dried product were used as the quality indicators.Results The optimal parameters of the vacuum-belt drying process were as follows:the heated region temperature being 95 ℃,the feeding speed at 10 Hz/s,and the belt speed at10 Hz/s.Conclusion The vacuum-belt drying techniquefor drying the extract brings high drying rate and high quality product.This study can provide a reasonable basis for industrial production in line with the GMP requirements.

Determination of Free Ferulic Acid and Total Ferulic Acid in Different Processed Products of Rhizoma Chuanxiong by HPLC / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To determine the contents of free ferulic acid and total ferulic acid in different processed products of Rhizoma Chuanxiong.Methods With methanol-formic acid(95∶5) as the extraction solvent for free ferulic acid and with methanol-2% NaHCO3 water solution(95∶5) as the extraction solvent for total ferulic acid,ultrasonic method was used for the extraction.The contents of free ferulic acid and total ferulic acid were determined by HPLC,and the chromatographic conditions were as follows: C18 column(250mm?4.6mm,5?m),the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-1%acetic acid solution(20∶80),the detecting wavelength at 320nm,flow rate being 1.0 mL/min and detection at room temperature.Results The average contents of free ferulic acid and total ferulic acid in Rhizoma Chuanxiong roasted by wine were higher than those in raw and other processed Rhizoma Chuanxiong,and free ferulic acid content in raw and different processed Rhizoma Chuanxiong was lower than the total ferulic acid content.Conclusion The method is simple,accurate and can be used for the quality control standard for Rhizoma Chuanxiong,and the chemical assay of total ferulic acid content would be a better choice of assessing the herbal quality of Rhizoma Chuanxiong.

Fingerprint of essential oil in Rhizoma Chuanxiong from Dujiangyan by GC-MS / 中草药

Objective To establish characteristic fingerprint of essential oil in Rhizoma Chuanxiong and to scientifically evaluate and effectively control the inner quality of Rhizoma Chuanxiong.MethodsChemical components in essential oil from ten batches of Rhizoma Chuanxiong samples were analyzed by GC-MS method and the common peaks and characteristic peaks were identified.Results Thirteen common peaks were identified and eight characteristic peaks was established.Precision,stability and reproducibility tests had good results with the characteristic peaks as indexes.Conclusion The established characteristic fingerprint is very exclusive and can be used for the quality control of Rhizoma Chuanxiong.