RESUMO
Las enfermedades cardiovasculares ocupan el cuarto lugar de carga de enfermedad en Perú, y en los últimos 7 años, la población de alto riesgo cardiovascular se ha incrementado. OBJETIVO: Determinar el riesgo cardiovascular y edad vascular según el score de Framingham de los pacientes del Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza así como determinar su factor de riesgo más prevalente. Y las características clínicas de los pacientes con mediano y alto riesgo. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, transversal. Se encuestaron a 238 pacientes hospitalizados en el Servicio de Medicina Interna del hospital. Se consideró: edad, género, diabetes, tabaquismo, IMC y presión arterial. Los datos fueron analizados con el programa SPSS v.21. RESULTADOS: Se encontró que el mayor porcentaje de la población de estudio presentó mediano y alto riesgo, siendo el factor más prevalente la diabetes y la mayoría hombres. La diferencia entre la edad cronológica y la edad vascular fue en promedio 6,9 años. CONCLUSIÓN: La población estudiada tuvo mediano y alto riesgo por lo que se deberían tomar medidas de prevención primaria y secundaria.
Cardiovascular diseases rank fourth place of disease burden in Peru, and in the last 7 years, the population of high cardiovascular risk has increased. OBJECTIVE: Determine the cardiovascular risk and vascular age according to the Framingham score in patients attending the "Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza", as well as to determine the most prevalent factor. Furthermore, to determine the clinical characteristics of patients with mild and high risk. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study. 238 hospitalized patients in internal medicine wards were surveyed. Variables such as age, gender, diabetes, smoking, BMI and blood pressure were considered. The data were analyzed using SPSS v.21. RESULTS: The highest percentage of the population was found within the mild and high risk categories, with diabetes being the most prevalent factor. The average difference between chronological age and vascular age was 6.9 years. CONCLUSION: The majority of the population has mild and high risk, thus primary and secondary prevention measures should be taken. (Horiz Med 2015; 15(2): 27-34)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Fármacos Cardiovasculares , Medição de Risco , Angiopatias Diabéticas , Estudos Transversais , Estudo ObservacionalRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The high prevalence and natural history of atherosclerosis make young people important targets for cardiovascular prevention. This study aimed to analyze changes over time in the cardiovascular risk profile of a population of healthy young adults. METHODS: We studied 923 Portuguese Air Force applicants between 1991 and 2007, divided into two-year periods. In addition to cardiovascular risk factors, the Framingham score and HeartScore were calculated for age 65. Cochran-Armitage and Jonckheere-Terpstra tests for trend were used for categorical and continuous variables, respectively. RESULTS: Mean age was 19.2 ± 2.3 years (p = 0.34) and 55 applicants (6%) were female (p = 0.56). Mean body mass index was 22.4 ± 2.5 kg (p for trend 0.35). The number of smokers decreased over the study period (11.6 vs. 7.0%, p for trend 0.02). Of the total number of applicants, 122 (13.2%) were classified as hypertensive. Mean systolic blood pressure was 127 ± 12 mmHg and increased significantly over time (122 ± 13 vs. 128 ± 11 mmHg, p for trend <0.001). Hypercholesterolemia was found in 108 applicants (11.7%) and total cholesterol showed an improvement (170 ± 35 vs. 155 ± 26 mg/dl, p for trend <0.001). The mean modified Framingham score was 12.6 ± 5.1 and improved over the study period (12.9 ± 5.9% vs. 11.9 ± 4.7%, p for trend 0.006). The mean modified HeartScore was 3.2 ± 1.4 and remained unchanged (p for trend 0.10). CONCLUSIONS: In our population, except for an increase in systolic blood pressure values, there was an overall improvement in cardiovascular risk from 1991 to 2007. Further studies are needed to better assess the situation in Portugal and help devise preventive strategies in young people.
