Screening of the Skin-Regenerative Potential of Antimicrobial Peptides: Clavanin A, Clavanin-MO, and Mastoparan-MO.

Skin wound healing is coordinated by a delicate balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses, which can be affected by opportunistic pathogens and metabolic or vascular diseases. Several antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) possess immunomodulatory properties, suggesting their potential to support skin wound healing. Here, we evaluated the proregenerative activity of three recently described AMPs (Clavanin A, Clavanin-MO, and Mastoparan-MO). Human primary dermal fibroblasts (hFibs) were used to determine peptide toxicity and their capacity to induce cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, mRNA analysis was used to investigate the modulation of genes associated with skin regeneration. Subsequently, the regenerative potential of the peptides was further confirmed using an ex vivo organotypic model of human skin (hOSEC)-based lesion. Our results indicate that the three molecules evaluated in this study have regenerative potential at nontoxic doses (i.e., 200 µM for Clavanin-A and Clavanin-MO, and 6.25 µM for Mastoparan-MO). At these concentrations, all peptides promoted the proliferation and migration of hFibs during in vitro assays. Such processes were accompanied by gene expression signatures related to skin regenerative processes, including significantly higher KI67, HAS2 and CXCR4 mRNA levels induced by Clavanin A and Mastoparan-MO. Such findings translated into significantly accelerated wound healing promoted by both Clavanin A and Mastoparan-MO in hOSEC-based lesions. Overall, the data demonstrate the proregenerative properties of these peptides using human experimental skin models, with Mastoparan-MO and Clavanin A showing much greater potential for inducing wound healing compared to Clavanin-MO.

Characterization and In Vivo Assay of Allantoin-Enriched Pectin Hydrogel for the Treatment of Skin Wounds.

This work describes a liquid allantoin-enriched pectin hydrogel with hydrophilic behavior that is supported by the presence of functional groups related to healing efficacy. A topical study shows the effect of the hydrogel application on surgically induced skin wound healing in a rat model. Contact angle measurements confirm hydrophilic behavior (11.37°), while Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicates the presence of functional groups related to the healing effectiveness (carboxylic acid and amine groups). Allantoin is distributed on the surface and inside the amorphous pectin hydrogel surrounded by a heterogeneous distribution of pores. This promotes wound drying with better interaction between the hydrogel and cells involved in the wound healing process. An experimental study with female Wistar rats indicates that the hydrogel improves wound contraction, reducing around 71.43% of the total healing time and reaching total wound closure in 15 days.

Skin Regenerative Potential of Cupuaçu Seed Extract (Theobroma grandiflorum), a Native Fruit from the Amazon: Development of a Topical Formulation Based on Chitosan-Coated Nanocapsules.

Scarless skin regeneration is a challenge in regenerative medicine. Herein, we explore the regenerative potential of a Cupuaçu seed extract (Theobroma grandiflorum) to develop an innovative skin regeneration formulation based on chitosan-coated nanocapsules. Cupuaçu seed extract significantly stimulated cell proliferation and migration. A reparative gene expression profile could be verified following extract treatment, which included high levels of MKI67, a cellular proliferation marker, and extracellular matrix genes, such as ELN and HAS2, which code for elastin and hyaluronic acid synthase 2. Formulations with Cupuaçu seed extract successfully entrapped into nanocapsules (EE% > 94%) were developed. Uncoated or coated nanocapsules with low-molecular-weight chitosan presented unimodal size distribution with hydrodynamic diameters of 278.3 ± 5.0 nm (PDI = 0.18 ± 0.02) and 337.2 ± 2.1 nm (PDI = 0.27 ± 0.01), respectively. Both nanosystems were physically stable for at least 120 days and showed to be non-irritating to reconstructed human epidermis. Chitosan coating promoted active penetration into undamaged skin areas, which were still covered by the stratum corneum. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated for the first time the biotechnological potential of the frequently discarded Cupuaçu seed as a valuable pharmaceutical ingredient to be used in regenerative skin products.

A First in Human Trial Implanting Microalgae Shows Safety of Photosynthetic Therapy for the Effective Treatment of Full Thickness Skin Wounds.

Insufficient oxygen supply represents a relevant issue in several fields of human physiology and medicine. It has been suggested that the implantation of photosynthetic cells can provide oxygen to tissues in the absence of a vascular supply. This approach has been demonstrated to be successful in several in vitro and in vivo models; however, no data is available about their safety in human patients. Here, an early phase-1 clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03960164, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03960164) is presented to evaluate the safety and feasibility of implanting photosynthetic scaffolds for dermal regeneration in eight patients with full-thickness skin wounds. Overall, this trial shows that the presence of the photosynthetic microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in the implanted scaffolds did not trigger any deleterious local or systemic immune responses in a 90 days follow-up, allowing full tissue regeneration in humans. The results presented here represent the first attempt to treat patients with photosynthetic cells, supporting the translation of photosynthetic therapies into clinics. Clinical Trial Registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03960164, identifier: NCT03960164.

Characterization and Topical Study of Aloe Vera Hydrogel on Wound-Healing Process.

Wound healing is fundamental to restore the tissue integrity. A topical study of the influence of Aloe vera hydrogel, formulated with 1,2-propanediol (propanediol) and triethanolamine (TEA), on the skin wound-healing process was investigated in female Wistar rats. FTIR spectroscopy confirms the presence of carboxylic acid and methyl ester carboxylate groups related with important compounds that confer the hydrogel a good interaction with proteins and growth factors. SEM images show a microstructure and micro-roughness that promote a good adhesion to the wound. Therefore, the swelling kinetics and the contact angle response contribute to the understanding of the in vivo results of the animal test. The results indicated that the Aloe vera hydrogel, prepared with propanediol and TEA, together with its superficial characteristics, improve its rapid penetration without drying out the treated tissue. This produced a positive influence on inflammation, angiogenesis, and wound contraction, reducing 29% the total healing time, reaching the total closure of the wound in 15 days.

From Inflammation to Cutaneous Repair: Topical Application of Lupeol Improves Skin Wound Healing in Rats by Modulating the Cytokine Levels, NF-κB, Ki-67, Growth Factor Expression, and Distribution of Collagen Fibers.

Skin wound healing is a highly complex event that involves different mediators at the cellular and molecular level. Lupeol has been reported to possess different biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and in vitro wound healing properties, which motivated us to proceed with in vivo studies. We aimed to investigate the wound healing effect of lupeol-based cream for 3, 7, and 14 days. Wound excisions were induced on the thoraco-lumbar region of rats and topically treated immediately after injury induction. Macroscopic, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. Cytokine levels were measured by ELISA and gene expression was evaluated by real-time RT-qPCR. Our results showed a strong wound-healing effect of lupeol-based cream after 7 and 14 days. Lupeol treatment caused a reduction in proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1ß, and IL-6) and gene and protein NF-κB expression, and positively altered IL-10 levels, showing anti-inflammatory effects in the three treatment periods. Lupeol treatment showed involvement in the proliferative phase by stimulating the formation of new blood vessels, increasing the immunostaining of Ki-67 and gene expression, and immunolabeling of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF), and increasing gene expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-ß1) after seven days of treatment. Lupeol was also involved in the tissue regeneration phase by increasing the synthesis of collagen fibers noted in the three treatment periods analyzed. Our findings suggest that lupeol may serve as a novel therapeutic option to treat cutaneous wounds by regulating mechanisms involved in the inflammatory, proliferative, and tissue-remodeling phases.

Autologous fibroblasts for the treatment of cutaneous loxoscelism: First experience.

Several treatments have been described for cutaneous loxoscelism (CL), but the quality of available evidence is insufficient for the elaboration of a therapeutic consensus. Dapsone has shown beneficial effects on stopping the inflammatory phenomenon and accelerating the recovery. It is recommended to start dapsone once the visceral involvement is ruled out if glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels are normal. Autologous fibroblast (AF) therapy is a novel therapy that has been successfully used in bioengineering as skin substitutes for surgical wounds and burns, diabetic and pressure ulcers, and other aesthetic purposes. Interestingly, there are no reports of AFs in CL. We present a case of CL in which the necrotic process was stabilised with dapsone, but the healing of the ulcer was not achieved. Three weekly applications of AFs 100 000/cm2 were performed on a biocompatible polymer matrix, with optimal response within 2 months. This represents the first report of AFs in CL, setting the stage for future studies.

Nanocarrier-based systems for wound healing.

In general, the systems intended for the treatment and recovery of wounds, seek to act as a coating for the damaged area, maintaining an adequate level of humidity, reducing pain, and preventing the invasion and proliferation of microorganisms. Although many of the systems that are currently on the market meet the purposes mentioned above, with the arrival of nanotechnology, it has sought to improve the performance of these coatings. The variety of nano-systems that have been proposed is very extensive, including the use of very different materials (natural or synthetic) ranging from polymers or lipids to systems derived from microorganisms. With the objective of improving the performance of the systems, seeking to combat several of the problems that arise in a wound, especially when it is chronic, these materials have been combined, giving rise to nanocomposites or scaffolds. In recent years, the interest in the development of systems for the treatment of wounds is notable, which is reflected in the increase in publications related to the subject. Therefore, this document presents generalities of systems involving nanocarriers, mentioning some examples of representative systems of each case.

Using tilapia skin (Oreochromis niloticus) as an occlusive biological curative in equine wounds: short communication / Uso da pele de tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus) como curativo biológico oclusivo em feridas de equinos: nota prévia

Tilapia skin is being already use in humans and wild animals present burning wounds and showed a great result. The objective is to evaluate if tilapia skin used as an occlusive curative improves equine wound healing in two horses present chronic wound. Both animals are males, adults, both of breed Mangalarga Marchador South America. Every seven days wound we measured, photographed, biopsied for histopathological analysis, cleaned and tilapia curative was changed. Image J software was used to measure wound area. Tilapia skin as an occlusive biological factor seemed to improve healing process, wounds present an area reduction and clinical improvement during 35 days treatment, even though is still waiting for complete wound healing. In equine tilapia skin curative seemed to speed up healing process and allowed reduced curative change from every two days to once a week. This implies in decrease animal ́s stress, less pain and treatment cost reduction since we used less bandage amount. Beside that tilapia skin industrial waste. Furthermore, it allowed avoid using antibiotics, which reduces environment pollution and there ́s no antibiotic resistance issues.(AU)

A pele de tilápia está sendo utilizada em humanos e animais silvestres com feridas por queimadura demonstrando um excelente resultado. O objetivo do estudo é avaliar se a pele de tilápia utilizada como curativo oclusivo melhora o processo de cicatrização em dois equinos machos adultos da raça Mangalarga Machador, os quais apresentam feridas crônicas. A cada 7 dias as feridas eram medidas, fotografadas, biopsiadas para a análise histopatológica, limpas e o curativo de pele de tilápia trocado. O programa Image J foi utilizado para calcular a área da ferida. A pele de tilápia utilizada como curativo oclusivo parece ter um efeito positivo na cicatrização das feridas, a área diminuiu e a o aspecto clínico melhorou nos 35 dias avaliados, no entanto é necessário esperar pela cicatrização completa das feridas. Em equinos, a utilização de curativo de pele de tilápia parece diminuir o tempo de cicatrização e permite a redução do número de trocas de curativos de a cada dois dias para uma vez por semana. Isso implica em menos estresse e dor para o animal devido à menor manipulação e menor custo de tratamento, pois há menor quantidade de material de curativo sendo utilizado. Além disso, permite evitar a utilização de antibióticos, o que diminui o impacto ambiental e não gera resistência.(AU)

Using tilapia skin (Oreochromis niloticus) as an occlusive biological curative in equine wounds: short communication / Uso da pele de tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus) como curativo biológico oclusivo em feridas de equinos: nota prévia

Tilapia skin is being already use in humans and wild animals present burning wounds and showed a great result. The objective is to evaluate if tilapia skin used as an occlusive curative improves equine wound healing in two horses present chronic wound. Both animals are males, adults, both of breed Mangalarga Marchador South America. Every seven days wound we measured, photographed, biopsied for histopathological analysis, cleaned and tilapia curative was changed. Image J software was used to measure wound area. Tilapia skin as an occlusive biological factor seemed to improve healing process, wounds present an area reduction and clinical improvement during 35 days treatment, even though is still waiting for complete wound healing. In equine tilapia skin curative seemed to speed up healing process and allowed reduced curative change from every two days to once a week. This implies in decrease animal ́s stress, less pain and treatment cost reduction since we used less bandage amount. Beside that tilapia skin industrial waste. Furthermore, it allowed avoid using antibiotics, which reduces environment pollution and there ́s no antibiotic resistance issues.(AU)

A pele de tilápia está sendo utilizada em humanos e animais silvestres com feridas por queimadura demonstrando um excelente resultado. O objetivo do estudo é avaliar se a pele de tilápia utilizada como curativo oclusivo melhora o processo de cicatrização em dois equinos machos adultos da raça Mangalarga Machador, os quais apresentam feridas crônicas. A cada 7 dias as feridas eram medidas, fotografadas, biopsiadas para a análise histopatológica, limpas e o curativo de pele de tilápia trocado. O programa Image J foi utilizado para calcular a área da ferida. A pele de tilápia utilizada como curativo oclusivo parece ter um efeito positivo na cicatrização das feridas, a área diminuiu e a o aspecto clínico melhorou nos 35 dias avaliados, no entanto é necessário esperar pela cicatrização completa das feridas. Em equinos, a utilização de curativo de pele de tilápia parece diminuir o tempo de cicatrização e permite a redução do número de trocas de curativos de a cada dois dias para uma vez por semana. Isso implica em menos estresse e dor para o animal devido à menor manipulação e menor custo de tratamento, pois há menor quantidade de material de curativo sendo utilizado. Além disso, permite evitar a utilização de antibióticos, o que diminui o impacto ambiental e não gera resistência.(AU)

Using tilapia skin (Oreochromis niloticus) as an occlusive biological curative in equine wounds: / Uso da pele de tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus) como curativo biológico oclusivo em feridas de equinos:

Tilapia skin is being already use in humans and wild animals present burning wounds and showed a great result. The objective is to evaluate if tilapia skin used as an occlusive curative improves equine wound healing in two horses present chronic wound. Both animals are males, adults, both of breed Mangalarga Marchador South America. Every seven days wound we measured, photographed, biopsied for histopathological analysis, cleaned and tilapia curative was changed. Image J software was used to measure wound area. Tilapia skin as an occlusive biological factor seemed to improve healing process, wounds present an area reduction and clinical improvement during 35 days treatment, even though is still waiting for complete wound healing. In equine tilapia skin curative seemed to speed up healing process and allowed reduced curative change from every two days to once a week. This implies in decrease animal´s stress, less pain and treatment cost reduction since we used less bandage amount. Beside that tilapia skin industrial waste. Furthermore, it allowed avoid using antibiotics, which reduces environment pollution and there´s no antibiotic resistance issues.

  A pele de tilápia está sendo utilizada em humanos e animais silvestres com feridas por queimadura demonstrando um excelente resultado. O objetivo do estudo é avaliar se a pele de tilápia utilizada como curativo oclusivo melhora o processo de cicatrização em dois equinos machos adultos da raça Mangalarga Machador, os quais apresentam feridas crônicas. A cada 7 dias as feridas eram medidas, fotografadas, biopsiadas para a análise histopatológica, limpas e o curativo de pele de tilápia trocado. O programa Image J foi utilizado para calcular a área da ferida. A pele de tilápia utilizada como curativo oclusivo parece ter um efeito positivo na cicatrização das feridas, a área diminuiu e a o aspecto clínico melhorou nos 35 dias avaliados, no entanto é necessário esperar pela cicatrização completa das feridas. Em equinos, a utilização de curativo de pele de tilápia parece diminuir o tempo de cicatrização e permite a redução do número de trocas de curativos de a cada dois dias para uma vez por semana. Isso implica em menos estresse e dor para o animal devido à menor manipulação e menor custo de tratamento, pois há menor quantidade de material de curativo sendo utilizado. Além disso, permite evitar a utilização de antibióticos, o que diminui o impacto ambiental e não gera resistência. 

Using tilapia skin (Oreochromis niloticus) as an occlusive biological curative in equine wounds: / Uso da pele de tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus) como curativo biológico oclusivo em feridas de equinos:

Tilapia skin is being already use in humans and wild animals present burning wounds and showed a great result. The objective is to evaluate if tilapia skin used as an occlusive curative improves equine wound healing in two horses present chronic wound. Both animals are males, adults, both of breed Mangalarga Marchador South America. Every seven days wound we measured, photographed, biopsied for histopathological analysis, cleaned and tilapia curative was changed. Image J software was used to measure wound area. Tilapia skin as an occlusive biological factor seemed to improve healing process, wounds present an area reduction and clinical improvement during 35 days treatment, even though is still waiting for complete wound healing. In equine tilapia skin curative seemed to speed up healing process and allowed reduced curative change from every two days to once a week. This implies in decrease animal´s stress, less pain and treatment cost reduction since we used less bandage amount. Beside that tilapia skin industrial waste. Furthermore, it allowed avoid using antibiotics, which reduces environment pollution and there´s no antibiotic resistance issues.

A pele de tilápia está sendo utilizada em humanos e animais silvestres com feridas por queimadura demonstrando um excelente resultado. O objetivo do estudo é avaliar se a pele de tilápia utilizada como curativo oclusivo melhora o processo de cicatrização em dois equinos machos adultos da raça Mangalarga Machador, os quais apresentam feridas crônicas. A cada 7 dias as feridas eram medidas, fotografadas, biopsiadas para a análise histopatológica, limpas e o curativo de pele de tilápia trocado. O programa Image J foi utilizado para calcular a área da ferida. A pele de tilápia utilizada como curativo oclusivo parece ter um efeito positivo na cicatrização das feridas, a área diminuiu e a o aspecto clínico melhorou nos 35 dias avaliados, no entanto é necessário esperar pela cicatrização completa das feridas. Em equinos, a utilização de curativo de pele de tilápia parece diminuir o tempo de cicatrização e permite a redução do número de trocas de curativos de a cada dois dias para uma vez por semana. Isso implica em menos estresse e dor para o animal devido à menor manipulação e menor custo de tratamento, pois há menor quantidade de material de curativo sendo utilizado. Além disso, permite evitar a utilização de antibióticos, o que diminui o impacto ambiental e não gera resistência.

Apósitos de polímeros naturales para regeneración de piel / Natural polymers aposites for skin regeneration

Resumen El presente artículo es una amplia revisión bibliográfica de algunos de los polímeros naturales más utilizados en la fabricación de apósitos para curación de heridas cutáneas y regeneración de piel en los últimos años. Asimismo, se presenta un análisis descriptivo de los polímeros de origen natural más estudiados en la ingeniería de tejidos, remarcando sus propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas. Encontrando que las investigaciones más recientes se han centrado en la exploración de apósitos a partir de biopolímeros como una alternativa a los materiales sintéticos derivados del petróleo, debido a las propiedades que poseen, como una mayor biodegradabilidad, biocompatibilidad y sostenibilidad por ser obtenidos naturalmente. Sin embargo, aún no existe un apósito ideal que pueda ser aplicado de manera eficiente en todos los tipos de heridas; por lo que los investigadores se han enfocado en el desarrollo y la optimización de apósitos que satisfagan la mayoría de las necesidades para una etapa en particular de la herida.

Abstract This review includes the bio-polymers most used in recent years for the manufacturing of materials used as dressings in cutaneous wound healing and skin regeneration. Also, the natural polymers most studied in tissue engineering are mentioned, highlighting their physical, chemical and biological properties for skin regeneration and wound healing. Through an extensive review of the clinical and research uses different types of natural polymers were compared, as well as the results of chemical and biological tests carried out during experimental research performed internationally.

Assessment of the healing of standardized wounds in rabbits treated serially with autologous platelet-rich plasma gel / Avaliação da reparação de feridas padronizadas em coelhos tratadas de forma seriada com plasma rico em plaquetas autólogo gel

Recent studies have been carried out to evaluate the role of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the cicatrization of wounds; however, the protocols for treatment have been based on a single application of PRP. To evaluate the effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma in gel form on the cicatrization of cutaneous wounds in vivo experimental model, wounds were induced in the dorsal areas of six New Zealand white rabbits with the aid of an 8-mm punch. The right side was used as a control (A) and treated with 0.9% NaCl, whereas the left side (B) was treated serially with the autologous platelet-rich plasma gel. Lesions were assessed over a 17-day period. At days 0, 10 and 17, the animals were evaluated and morphological and morphometric analyses of the wounds were performed. At day 17, a biopsy wasperformed for histopathological evaluation. Macroscopically, wounds treated with PRP showed better cicatrization and higher contraction percentages than the control wounds. Regarding the percentage of wound contraction, it was found that the average treated wound with autologous platelet-rich plasma gelwas 95% while with the control was 88%. We concluded that autologous platelet-rich plasma gel is effective and accelerates cicatrization when used serially in short intervals, thus confirming its therapeutic potential in cutaneous lesions and potential as an alternative wound treatment option.(AU)

Estudos recentes demonstram uma evolução do papel do plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) na cicatrização de feridas. No entanto, os protocolos para tratamento baseiam-se em uma única aplicação do PRP. Para avaliar o efeito da aplicação seriada do plasma rico em plaquetas autólogo na forma gel sobre a cicatrização de feridas cutâneas em modelos experimentais in vivo, induziu-se feridas no dorso de seis coelhos brancos da raça Nova Zelândia com auxílio de um punch de 8mm. O lado direito foi considerado controle (A) e tratado com NaCl 0,9% e o lado esquerdo (B)e tratado com gel autólogo de plasma rico em plaquetas. As lesões foram avaliadas por um período de 17 dias. Nos dias 0, 10 e 17, as feridas foram avaliadas morfológica e morfometricamente. No 17º dia foi feita biópsia para avaliação histopatológica. Macroscopicamente, as feridas tratadas com PRP evidenciaram melhor cicatrização e maior porcentagem de contração quando comparadas as feridas controle. Com relação ao percentual de contração das feridas, verificou-se que a média das feridas tratadas com plasma rico em plaquetas autólogo gel foi de 95%, enquanto o lado controle foi de 88%. Concluiu-se que o PRP autólogo gel é eficaz e acelera o processo de cicatrização, quando aplicado em intervalos curtos e de forma seriada, comprovando seu potencial terapêutico sobre lesões cutâneas, podendo ainda ser uma alternativa de tratamento de feridas.(AU)

Assessment of the healing of standardized wounds in rabbits treated serially with autologous platelet-rich plasma gel / Avaliação da reparação de feridas padronizadas em coelhos tratadas de forma seriada com plasma rico em plaquetas autólogo gel

Recent studies have been carried out to evaluate the role of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the cicatrization of wounds; however, the protocols for treatment have been based on a single application of PRP. To evaluate the effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma in gel form on the cicatrization of cutaneous wounds in vivo experimental model, wounds were induced in the dorsal areas of six New Zealand white rabbits with the aid of an 8-mm punch. The right side was used as a control (A) and treated with 0.9% NaCl, whereas the left side (B) was treated serially with the autologous platelet-rich plasma gel. Lesions were assessed over a 17-day period. At days 0, 10 and 17, the animals were evaluated and morphological and morphometric analyses of the wounds were performed. At day 17, a biopsy wasperformed for histopathological evaluation. Macroscopically, wounds treated with PRP showed better cicatrization and higher contraction percentages than the control wounds. Regarding the percentage of wound contraction, it was found that the average treated wound with autologous platelet-rich plasma gelwas 95% while with the control was 88%. We concluded that autologous platelet-rich plasma gel is effective and accelerates cicatrization when used serially in short intervals, thus confirming its therapeutic potential in cutaneous lesions and potential as an alternative wound treatment option.

Estudos recentes demonstram uma evolução do papel do plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) na cicatrização de feridas. No entanto, os protocolos para tratamento baseiam-se em uma única aplicação do PRP. Para avaliar o efeito da aplicação seriada do plasma rico em plaquetas autólogo na forma gel sobre a cicatrização de feridas cutâneas em modelos experimentais in vivo, induziu-se feridas no dorso de seis coelhos brancos da raça Nova Zelândia com auxílio de um punch de 8mm. O lado direito foi considerado controle (A) e tratado com NaCl 0,9% e o lado esquerdo (B)e tratado com gel autólogo de plasma rico em plaquetas. As lesões foram avaliadas por um período de 17 dias. Nos dias 0, 10 e 17, as feridas foram avaliadas morfológica e morfometricamente. No 17º dia foi feita biópsia para avaliação histopatológica. Macroscopicamente, as feridas tratadas com PRP evidenciaram melhor cicatrização e maior porcentagem de contração quando comparadas as feridas controle. Com relação ao percentual de contração das feridas, verificou-se que a média das feridas tratadas com plasma rico em plaquetas autólogo gel foi de 95%, enquanto o lado controle foi de 88%. Concluiu-se que o PRP autólogo gel é eficaz e acelera o processo de cicatrização, quando aplicado em intervalos curtos e de forma seriada, comprovando seu potencial terapêutico sobre lesões cutâneas, podendo ainda ser uma alternativa de tratamento de feridas.

Bioestimulación facial con plasma rico en plaquetas / Facial biostimulation with platelet-rich plasma

Fundamento: la bioestimulación facial con plasma rico en plaquetas es un método actual de rejuvenecimiento facial que entra dentro de las terapias regenerativas. Objetivo: mostrar el papel principal de la bioestimulación como método positivo en las características de la piel facial. Métodos: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de un total de 140 artículos originales publicados en Pubmed, Medline, Scielo y Google académico en los idiomas inglés y español mediante el gestor de referencias bibliográficas Endnote x9, de ellos se utilizaron 48 citas seleccionadas para realizar la revisión. Desarrollo: el envejecimiento es un proceso muy complejo, donde el envejecimiento cutáneo es una de sus manifestaciones más evidentes, por lo que el cirujano plástico busca constantemente formas de lograr atenuar este proceso, una de estas alternativas es la infiltración facial con plasma rico en plaquetas. Se describe la técnica de procesamiento de la sangre para obtener el plasma rico en plaquetas y el método empleado para la bioestimulación facial. Indicaciones y contraindicaciones del proceder. Conclusiones: la bioestimulación facial con plasma rico en plaquetas es un método sencillo, libre de complicaciones dado que se trabaja con material autólogo, mediante el cual se logran cambios positivos en la piel.

Background: facial biostimulation with platelet-rich plasma is a modern method for facial rejuvenation that is part of the regeneration therapies. Objective: to show the main role of biostimulation as a positive method for the characteristics of facial skin. Methods: a bibliographic review of 140 original articles published in Pubmed, Medline, Scielo and academic Google in English and Spanish, was made by means of the reference management software Endnote x9. Forty-eight citations were selected to make the review. Development: aging is a complex process and skin aging is one of its clearest manifestations; that’s why, plastic surgeons are constantly looking for new ways to reduce this process. One of these alternatives is facial infiltration with platelet-rich plasma. The technique of processing blood to obtain platelets-rich plasma and the method used for facial biostimulation are described. Indications and contraindications of the procedure are also described. Conclusions: facial biostimulation with platelet-rich plasma is a simple, complications-free method since the procedure is made with an autologous by means of which positive changes in the skin are achieved.

Cadaveric bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: first experience treating a patient with large severe burns.

BACKGROUND: In January 2005, Rasulov et al. originally published "First experience in the use of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment of a patient with deep skin burns". Here, we present the first ever treated patient with cadaveric bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (CMSCs) in the history of Medicine. METHODS: A young man, who severely burned 60 % of his total body surface with 30 % of full-thickness burns while working with a grass trimmer that exploded, was involved in the study. MSCs were obtained from the bone marrow of a cadaver donor in a routine procurement procedure of CUCAIBA, the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, Ministry of Health, Transplantation Agency, cultured, expanded, and applied on the burned surfaces using a fibrin spray after early escharotomy. RESULTS: So far, our preliminary experience and our early results have been very impressive showing an outstanding safety data as well as some impressive good results in the use of CMSCs. CONCLUSIONS: Based on all this, we think that improvements in the use of stem cells for burns might be possible in the near future and a lot of time as well as many lives could be saved by many other research teams all over the world. CMSCs will probably be a real scientific opportunity in Regenerative Medicine as well as in Transplantation.

Células madre adultas como opción terapéutica para pacientes adultos con quemaduras que comprometen más del 50 por ciento de la superficie corporal total / Adult stem cells as a therapeutic option in a massive burn patient adult population with compromise of more than 50% of the body surface area

Determinar los beneficios de la terapia celular con células madre adultas como tratamiento para pacientes con pérdidas extensas de piel debido a quemaduras que comprometen más del 50% de la superficie corporal, en comparación con los beneficios del injerto autólogo de piel. Materiales y métodos. Para esta revisión de tema, se hizo una búsqueda exhaustiva en Pubmed y otras bases de datos tales como: SpringerLink, Ovid y SciELO, entre otras, de estudios analíticos observacionales, experimentales y descriptivos, sobre la terapia con células madre para la regeneración de piel y sobre el injerto autólogo de piel, de manera independiente, para compararlos entre sí. Se seleccionaron artículos que evaluaban una muestra poblacional adulta de un rango de edad de 21 a 59 años, descartando aquellos artículos que estudiaron una población infantil. Se incluyeron estudios de todos los países, en especial Estados Unidos y China por ser líderes de investigación sobre el tema, y países de Latinoamérica como Chile y Colombia, de los últimos 10 años. Para establecer los beneficios de cada procedimiento y obtener los resultados comparativos, se tuvo en cuenta el tiempo requerido por el paciente desde el inicio de cada procedimiento hasta obtener la regeneración de la piel, el porcentaje de cumplimiento del tratamiento, el número de complicaciones y su gravedad, la disminución de la morbilidad, los costos, el número de intervenciones quirúrgicas y el resultado final de la calidad de la piel regenerada, en cuanto a elasticidad, grosor y estética. Resultados. Se obtuvo información limitada sobre la terapia celular con células madre para la regeneración de piel, 24 artículos sobre colocación del autoinjerto de piel con las características específicas de la población descritas y 107 artículos utilizados como referencia para el marco teórico sobre células madre como equivalentes cutáneos. Se obtuvo como resultado que la terapia celular con células madre es un procedimiento caro ...

To evaluate the benefits of stem cell therapy for skin regeneration and to compare it with the benefits of autologous skin grafting, in a massive burn patient population with compromise of more than 50% of the body surface área Material and methods: An exhaustive search through PubMed and other databases such as SpringerLink, Ovid and SciELO was made looking for observational analytical studies, experimental and descriptive studies about stem cell therapy for skin regeneration and autologous skin grafting independently to compare them. Articles assessing an adult population sample of an age range of 21-59 years discarding items that studied a child population. Studies of United States and China were selected to be leading research on the subject, also studies of Latin American countries such as Chile and Colombia in the last 10 years were included. The next items were taken into account to establish the benefits of each procedure and obtain comparative results: the time required by the patient from the beginning of each procedure until the skin regeneration, the percentage of compliance of each procedure, the number of complications and gravity, reduced morbidity, costs, number of surgical procedures and the end result of the quality of the regenerated skin. Results. Limited information about stem cell therapy for skin regeneration was obtained, 24 articles of autograft skin with the specific characteristics of the population described were found and 107 articles more were used as references for the theoretical framework on stem cells and skin equivalents. It was obtained as a result that stem cells therapy is an expensive and laborious process, considered excellent treatment option for massive burn patients with limitations for autologous skin grafting...