Avaliação da frequência de pneumonia enzoótica suína em granja através da monitoria de abate, clínica e laboratorial / Evaluation of the frequency of swine enzootic pneumonia in one farm based on slaughterhouse, clinical and laboratory monitoring

Background: Swine enzootic pneumonia (SEP), caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is one of the main respiratorydiseases of pigs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of SEP in one farm with an independent production system,low level of technification and high losses in the meat packing plant, based on slaughterhouse, clinical and laboratory monitoring.Materials, Methods & Results: This study consisted of three monitoring steps, divided into 3 periods: P1, P2 and P3. In the first step ofthe study, slaughterhouse reports were analyzed and slaughtering was monitored at one meatpacking plant in Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.The second step of the study started by drawing up a profile of the farm that supplied the pigs to the aforementioned slaughterhouse,after which clinical monitoring was performed on three occasions. The third step of the study (laboratory monitoring) involved collecting lung fragments containing suspected SEP lesions from the meatpacking plant and subjecting them analysis. The average measuredenzootic pneumonia (EP) in P3 was 38.54% (P < 0.05) higher than in P1 and 29.79 higher than in P2. The mean frequency of pulmonaryemphysema (PE) in P3 was 59.13% (P < 0.05) higher than in P1 and 48.04% higher than in P2. The mean number of lung adhesions(LA) did not differ statistically (P > 0.05) between P1, P2 and P3. As for the mean frequency of pulmonary hepatization (PH), P3 was48.80% higher (P < 0.05) than P1 and 41.78% higher than P2. With regard to the mean frequency of craniodorsal lung lesions (CLL), P3was 48.26% higher (P < 0.05) than P1 and 40.77% higher than P2. The mean frequency of disseminated lesions (DL) and the pneumoniaseverity index (PSI) showed no statistical difference (P > 0.05) between the 3 evaluated periods. On the other hand, in the finishingperiod (FP), the frequency of coughing and sneezing was 37.56% (P < 0.05) higher in P1 than in P3. The frequency of coughing and...(AU)

Avaliação da frequência de pneumonia enzoótica suína em granja através da monitoria de abate, clínica e laboratorial / Evaluation of the frequency of swine enzootic pneumonia in one farm based on slaughterhouse, clinical and laboratory monitoring

Background: Swine enzootic pneumonia (SEP), caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is one of the main respiratorydiseases of pigs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of SEP in one farm with an independent production system,low level of technification and high losses in the meat packing plant, based on slaughterhouse, clinical and laboratory monitoring.Materials, Methods & Results: This study consisted of three monitoring steps, divided into 3 periods: P1, P2 and P3. In the first step ofthe study, slaughterhouse reports were analyzed and slaughtering was monitored at one meatpacking plant in Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.The second step of the study started by drawing up a profile of the farm that supplied the pigs to the aforementioned slaughterhouse,after which clinical monitoring was performed on three occasions. The third step of the study (laboratory monitoring) involved collecting lung fragments containing suspected SEP lesions from the meatpacking plant and subjecting them analysis. The average measuredenzootic pneumonia (EP) in P3 was 38.54% (P 0.05) between P1, P2 and P3. As for the mean frequency of pulmonary hepatization (PH), P3 was48.80% higher (P 0.05) between the 3 evaluated periods. On the other hand, in the finishingperiod (FP), the frequency of coughing and sneezing was 37.56% (P < 0.05) higher in P1 than in P3. The frequency of coughing and...

Influência do manejo higiênico-sanitário na infecção por helmintos gastrintestinais em suínos de granjas tecnificadas e de subsistência abatidos na região metropolitana de Recife e Zona da Mata do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil / Influence of hygiene management on gastrointestinal helminth infection in pigs in metropolitan Recife and the Coastal Zone of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil

Objetivou-se com este trabalho analisar a influência do manejo higiênico-sanitário nos níveis de infecção por parasitos gastrintestinais em suínos de granjas tecnificadas e de subsistência abatidos na Região Metropolitana de Recife e Zona da Mata do Estado de Pernambuco. Para isso, o processo de abate de suínos em três abatedouros inscritos no sistema de inspeção estadual foi acompanhado durante o período de julho de 2008 a maio de 2009, num total de 447 suínos oriundos de 11 propriedades de municípios do Estado de Pernambuco, sendo oito granjas tecnificadas e três de subsistência. Amostras fecais foram coletadas da ampola retal no abatedouro e avaliadas pelos métodos de Gordon & Whitlock e Roberts & O´Sullivan. Realizou-se a aplicação de um questionário investigativo para conhecer a situação das granjas. Para o OPG a positividade foi de 2,7% (12/447), sendo 2,5% (11/447) para ovos tipo Strongyloidea e 0,2% (1/447) para Trichuris sp. Para a coprocultura, 5,5% (19/349) foram positivas para helmintos, sendo 2,9% (10/349) para Hyostrongylus sp., 0,3% (1/349) para Trichostrongylus sp., 2,0% (7/349) para Oesophagostomum spp. e infecção mista por Hyostrongylus sp. e Oesophagostomum spp. em 0,3% (1/349). Associação significativa (p < 0,05) com a ocorrência de helmintos foi obtida para as variáveis "gênero de helminto", "alimentação", "assistência veterinária", "quarentena", "comércio de animais vivos", "anti-helmíntico", "fonte de água", "tratamento de água", "qualidade de higiene das baias", "limpeza das instalações" e "conhecimento de verminose e manchas leitosas", com percentuais de positividade significativamente mais elevados entre os animais das granjas de subsistência.

The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of management systems at intensive high-tech farms and subsistence farms on the prevalence of swine gastrointestinal helminthes in metropolitan Recife and the coastal zone of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. For such, the slaughtering process at three slaughterhouses registered with the state inspection system was followed up between July 2008 to May 2009, totaling 447 pigs from 11 properties (8 high-tech farms and 3 subsistence farms). Fecal samples were collected and the parasitological examinations were carried out using the modified McMaster technique and coproculture for identification of larvae. A questionnaire was administered to determine the management condition of each farm. Strongyloidea eggs were present in 2.5% (11/447) of the pigs, and 0.2% (1/447) were positive for Trichuris sp. Coproculture revealed that 5.5% (19/349) were positive for helminthes, 2.9% (10/349) for Hyostrongylus sp., 0.3% (1/349) for Trichostrongylus sp., 2.0% (7/349) for Oesophagostomum sp., and 0.3% (1/349) with mixed infection by Hyostrongylus and Oesophagostomum sp. The occurrence of helminthes was significantly associated (p < 0.05) with helminth gender, feeding, veterinary care, quarantine, live animal trade, anti-helminth agents, water supply, water treatment, hygiene quality of stalls, dung removal frequency and knowledge regarding worms and milk spots. The percentages of positivity were significantly higher among animals on the subsistence farms.

INFLUÊNCIA DO MANEJO HIGIÊNICO-SANITÁRIO NA INFECÇÃO POR HELMINTOS GASTRINTESTINAIS EM SUÍNOS DE GRANJAS TECNIFICADAS E DE SUBSISTÊNCIA ABATIDOS NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE RECIFE E ZONA DA MATA DO ESTADO DE PERNAMBUCO, BRASIL

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of management systems at intensive high-tech farms and subsistence farms on the prevalence of swine gastrointestinal helminthes in metropolitan Recife and the coastal zone of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. For such, the slaughtering process at three slaughterhouses registered with the state inspection system was followed up between July 2008 to May 2009, totaling 447 pigs from 11 properties (8 high-tech farms and 3 subsistence farms). Fecal samples were collected and the parasitological examinations were carried out using the modified McMaster technique and coproculture for identification of larvae. A questionnaire was administered to determine the management condition of each farm. Strongyloidea eggs were present in 2.5% (11/447) of the pigs, and 0.2% (1/447) were positive for Trichuris sp. Coproculture revealed that 5.5% (19/349) were positive for helminthes, 2.9% (10/349) for Hyostrongylus sp., 0.3% (1/349) for Trichostrongylus sp., 2.0% (7/349) for Oesophagostomum sp., and 0.3% (1/349) with mixed infection by Hyostrongylus and Oesophagostomum sp. The occurrence of helminthes was significantly associated (p 0.05) with helminth gender, feeding, veterinary care, quarantine, live animal trade, anti-helminth agents, water supply, water treatment, hygiene quality of stalls, dung removal frequency and knowledge regarding worms and milk spots. The percentages of positivity were significantly higher among animals on the subsistence farms.

RESUMO Objetivou-se com este trabalho analisar a influência do manejo higiênico-sanitário nos níveis de infecção por parasitos gastrintestinais em suínos de granjas tecnificadas e de subsistência abatidos na Região Metropolitana de Recife e Zona da Mata do Estado de Pernambuco. Para isso, o processo de abate de suínos em três abatedouros inscritos no sistema de inspeção estadual foi acompanhado durante o período de julho de 2008 a maio de 2009, num total de 447 suínos oriundos de 11 propriedades de municípios do Estado de Pernambuco, sendo oito granjas tecnificadas e três de subsistência. Amostras fecais foram coletadas da ampola retal no abatedouro e avaliadas pelos métodos de Gordon & Whitlock e Roberts & O´Sullivan. Realizou-se a aplicação de um questionário investigativo para conhecer a situação das granjas. Para o OPG a positividade foi de 2,7% (12/447), sendo 2,5% (11/447) para ovos tipo Strongyloidea e 0,2% (1/447) para Trichuris sp. Para a coprocultura, 5,5% (19/349) foram positivas para helmintos, sendo 2,9% (10/349) para Hyostrongylus sp., 0,3% (1/349) para Trichostrongylus sp., 2,0% (7/349) para Oesophagostomum spp. e infecção mista por Hyostrongylus sp. e Oesophagostomum spp. em 0,3% (1/349). Associação significativa (p 0,05) com a ocorrência de helmintos foi obtida para as variáveis gênero de helminto, alimentação, assistência veterinária, quarentena, comércio de animais vivos, anti-helmíntico, fonte de água, tratamento de água, qualidade de higiene das baias, limpeza das instalações e conhecimento de verminose e manchas leitosas, com percentuais de positividade significativamente mais elevados entre os animais das granjas de subsistência.