Sustainable waste management: a comprehensive life cycle assessment of bioethanol production from agricultural and municipal waste.

Biofuels have emerged as a promising and eco-friendly alternative to conventional fossil fuels. Biofuel sourced from rice straw (RS) and municipal solid waste (MSW), which are abundant residues from agricultural and municipal activities, present a sustainable solution to address waste management challenges. Utilizing life cycle assessment, this study quantifies the environmental advantages by assessing the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption, and other environmental impacts linked with employing these waste materials for biofuel production. Employing a cradle-to-gate approach as the system boundary for bioethanol production, with the functional unit set as per liter of bioethanol produced, the analysis reveals that the global warming potential (GWP) for ethanol from MSW is 4.4 kg CO2 eq., whereas for RS, it is 2.1 kg CO2 eq. per functional unit. The total environmental impacts were primarily due to enzymatic hydrolysis and electricity consumption for ethanol production from MSW and RS. Despite advancements, fossil fuel consumption remains a potential energy source for biofuel production. The cumulative energy demand stands at 18.6 MJ for RS and 71.5 MJ for MSW per functional unit, underscoring the potential to significantly reduce overall impacts by transitioning to a more environmentally sustainable energy source. The uncertainty analysis acknowledges the inherent uncertainties associated with data, assumptions, and methodologies, highlighting the crucial need for ongoing research and updates to enhance the accuracy of future assessments. This analysis forms the foundation for well-informed decision-making, providing valuable insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and consumers.

Factors influencing willingness to pay for improved solid waste collection services among households in urban cities in Uganda: empirical evidence from Lira City.

Waste management in Lira City, Uganda faces significant challenges, particularly in the area of waste collection. Pollution and health risks from uncollected waste are rampant, posing serious threats to human health and the environment. This persistent problem demands urgent attention and effective solutions to improve waste collection and safeguard the well-being of the community and the natural surroundings. This study aimed to assess households' willingness to pay for improved waste collection services, examine their waste management practices, and identify influencing factors. We employed a multistage sampling technique to randomly select 585 household heads and conducted key informant interviews with city officials and private waste collectors. Data analysis was conducted with STATA 17 and results showed that 48.12% of households were willing to pay an average of UGX 3012 ($0.84) per month for better services. Factors including education level, occupation, distance to waste collection sites, and environmental awareness significantly influenced this willingness. The study highlights a significant gap in public awareness and understanding of efficient solid waste management practices and concludes that enhancing public awareness is crucial for improving environmental health and safety in Lira City.

Disinfection of Medical Solid Waste through the Application Ozone Technology: Feasibility and Effectiveness Study.

Background: We aimed to determine the feasibility of ozone for disinfection of infectious solid waste in hospital. Methods: Spores of Bacillus atrophaeus were used to monitor the process of inactivating microbial agents using ozone in medical solid waste in the hospitals of Tabriz City, Iran. For this purpose, culture medium containing the mentioned bacteria was placed in the bags containing medical wastes. The ozone generator was equipped with a constant dose of 5 grams per liter, with a discharge of 1 and 3 liters per minute and contact time of 10 to 120 min. Then the ozone exposure indicators were incubated for 24-48h at 36 ± 1 °C and, finally, the absence of colony growth in the culture medium was considered as the success of ozone in disinfection of infectious solid waste. This process was performed with 4-time replications. Results: The complete removal of B. atrophaeus was obtained for non-compacted and compacted infectious solid waste, at contact time of 15 and 50 min, respectively. The efficiency of removal of B. atrophaeus by the process of wet ozone injection through a glass column was 100% in 30 minutes and by separate injection of water vapor into the contact tank was 100% in 50 minutes. The results of this study showed that the use of ozone technology was effective in the inactivation and destruction of microbial agents in medical solid waste. Conclusion: Employing different advanced technology of oxidization especially ozone in order to decrease the environmental pollution is considered as one of management approaches.

Solidification and utilization of municipal solid waste incineration ashes: Advancements in alkali-activated materials and stabilization techniques, a review.

Researchers are actively investigating methodologies for the detoxification and utilization of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash (MSWIBA) and Fly Ash (MSWIFA), given their potential as alkali-activated materials (AAMs) with low energy consumption. Recent studies highlight that AAMs from MSWIFA and MSWIBA demonstrate significant durability in both acidic and alkaline environments. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the processes for producing MSWIFA and MSWIBA, evaluating innovative engineering stabilization techniques such as graphene nano-platelets and lightweight artificial cold-bonded aggregates, along with their respective advantages and limitations. Additionally, this review meticulously incorporates relevant reactions. Recommendations are also presented to guide future research endeavors aimed at refining these methodologies.

Utilization of industrial wastes in non-sintered bricks: microstructure and environmental impacts.

Recycling industrial solid wastes as building materials in the construction field exhibits great environmental benefits. This study designed an eco-friendly non-sintered brick by combining multiple industrial solid wastes, including sewage sludge, fly ash, and phosphorus gypsum. The mechanical properties, microstructure, and environmental impacts of waste-based non-sintered bricks (WNBs) were investigated comprehensively. The results revealed that WNB exhibited excellent mechanical properties. In addition, steam curing could further promote the strength development of WNB. The compressive strength of WNB with 10 wt% of sewage sludge reached 13.5 MPa. Phase assemblage results indicated that the incorporation of sewage sludge promoted the generation of ettringite. Mercury intrusion porosimetry results demonstrated that the pore structure of WNB varies with the dosage of sewage sludge. Life-cycle assessment results revealed that the energy consumption and CO2 emission of WNB were 45% and 17% lower than those of traditional clay bricks. Overall, the development of WNB in this study provided insights into the co-disposal of industrial solid wastes.

Unveiling the abundance and potential impacts of microplastic contamination in commercial organic fertilizers/compost produced from different solid waste.

This study comprehensively investigated the abundance, morphologies, and polymer types of plastics, larger (1-5 mm) and smaller (< 1 mm) microplastics (MPs), in organic fertilizers using spectroscopic and microscopic methods. MPs abundance varied depending on the type of waste employed. MPs were detected in 80% of the investigated compost samples, while macro/meso plastics were found in only four samples. Compost from mixed municipal solid waste exhibited the highest MPs contamination (23100 ± 3615 items/kg dry weight), whereas compost produced from canteen waste had the lowest contamination (100 ± 65 items/kg dry weight). Smaller MPs were dominant in all samples. The estimated loads of MPs introduced into agricultural soil exceeded the previous studies. Common morphologies observed were sheet, film, fragment, and fiber, while dominant polymer types were polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polystyrene (PS). Heavy metals, including Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb, were identified in association with MPs. Results indicate that the utilization of appropriate waste for composting and upgrading fertilizer regulations is crucial to protect the environment and human health from smaller MPs.

Applying cultural perspective in Indonesia municipal solid waste management process towards a grounded climate concept and action: A mini-review of opportunities and challenges.

This mini-review emphasises the role of municipal solid waste (MSW) as the biggest contributor to climate change, as well as the need for more grounded climate action. The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) 2023 Synthesis Report by the co-facilitators on the technical dialogue Key Finding 3 of applying the 'whole-of-society' approach in this article is interpreted as a cultural approach in MSW management planning and implementation process. Using anthropological critiques of development, the cultural approach is frequently considered an obstacle or a justification for a project's failure rather than an important aspect of the people being developed. Therefore, the goal of this mini-review is to showcase the findings and explore the practical application of UNFCCC Key Finding 3, emphasising its importance in every phase of the solid waste management process for climate action. This mini-review argues that applying a cultural perspective presents both opportunities and challenges. More importantly, without careful acknowledgement and consideration, opportunities can become challenges, if not vice versa. The discussion section explores the ways in which religious and economic conditions might offer a contextual understanding and effective techniques for managing MSW at the local level. To apply Key Finding 3 in practice, academia needs to move away from generality and embrace multiple 'modernities', while practitioners also need to include cultural perspectives to complement scientific knowledge.

Unlocking the significant worldwide potential of better waste and resource management for climate mitigation: with particular focus on the Global South.

Numbers do matter; the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)'s 2010 data that the waste sector is responsible for just 3% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions has led to the misperception that solid waste management (SWM) has little to contribute to climate mitigation. Global efforts to control methane emissions and divert organic waste from landfills had already reduced direct emissions. But end-of-pipe SWM has also been evolving into more circular waste and resource management, with indirect GHG savings from the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle) which IPCC accounts for elsewhere in the economy. The evidence compiled here on both direct emissions and indirect savings demonstrates with high confidence that better waste and resource management can make a significant contribution to climate mitigation, and must form a core part of every country's nationally determined contribution. Even the most advanced countries can still achieve much from the 3Rs. In the Global South, the challenge of extending waste collection to all and stopping open dumping and burning (sustainable development goal 11.6.1), essential to improve public health, can be turned into a huge opportunity. Moving early to divert waste from landfill by separation at source and collecting clean organic and dry recycling fractions, will mitigate global GHG emissions, slash ocean plastics and create decent livelihoods. But this can only happen with targeted climate, plastics and extended producer responsibility finance; and help to local communities to help themselves.

Influence of mandatory waste classification on environmental and economic impacts of residual waste treatment in Xiamen, China.

Mandatory waste classification has been widely considered as an effective solution for reducing the production and treatment amount of municipal solid waste. However, there is limited evidence regarding whether and how waste classification can affect the composition of residual waste (RW) and its environmental economic impacts. Here, an accounting method recommended by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, field surveys and cost-benefit analysis was utilized to investigate the changes in RW composition, environmental impacts and economic benefits under the waste classification policies implementation in Xiamen, China. This study found that: (1) The implementation of waste classification policies led to a significant increase in recyclable content from 17% to 51% and a decrease in organic content from 56% to 32%. (2) Waste classification effectively reduces greenhouse gas emissions from landfilling and incineration by an additional 0.34 tCO2-eq t-1 RW. (3) The introduction of mechanical recycling achieves a saving of 0.47 tCO2-eq t-1 RW at 40% recycling efficiency, a 4.5-fold increase compared to business as usual (BAU). (4) The operational benefits (900 yuan t-1 RW) from the recyclables sorting system offset the total expenses of investment, operation and waste disposal. The study successfully demonstrated that RW source-classified management can optimize the structure of waste composition, reduce environmental emissions and offer detailed guidance for the development of solid waste management systems in other cities in China.

Effectiveness of NGOs in mountainous solid waste management: A case study from Healing Himalayas in Rakchham, Himachal Pradesh, India.

Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play a critical role in addressing solid waste management (SWM) challenges in remote mountain communities, including the ecologically fragile Himalayan region. This study evaluates the impact of Healing Himalayas, an NGO, in Rakchham village, Himachal Pradesh, India. The objectives were to evaluate the effectiveness of Healing Himalayas' decentralized SWM model in promoting stakeholder engagement and resource recovery, assess the role of collaborations between local authorities and the NGO in financing waste management practices, investigate the influence of tourism and seasonal variations on solid waste generation patterns and waste management practices in Rakchham, and material recovery facilities, followed by glass (36.7%), paper/cardboard (18.4%) and metal (4.1%). A fee-based system involving the local village council funded waste operations. Waste generation exhibited significant seasonal fluctuations, with tourism influxes driving increased volumes. Healing Himalayas' initiatives promoted community participation, with over 15 awareness workshops conducted. Key challenges included limited financial resources, inadequate infrastructure, lack of advanced treatment facilities and need for context-specific solutions like efficient wet waste management in cold climates. The study highlights Healing Himalayas' decentralized model's success in fostering stakeholder engagement, behavioural change and resource recovery. The findings inform effective strategies for NGO-led waste management initiatives tailored to remote Himalayan communities.

Properties of Cemented Filling Materials Prepared from Phosphogypsum-Steel Slag-Blast-Furnace Slag and Its Environmental Effect.

Phosphogypsum (PG) occupies a large amount of land due to its large annual production and low utilization rate, and at the same time causes serious environmental problems due to toxic impurities. PG is used for mine backfill, and industrial solid waste is a curing agent for PG, which can save the filling cost and reduce environmental pollution. In this paper, PG was used as a raw material, combined with steel slag (SS) and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) under the action of an alkali-activated agent (NaOH) to prepare all-solid waste phosphogypsum-based backfill material (PBM). The effect of the GGBS to SS ratio on the compressive strength and toxic leaching of PBM was investigated. The chemical composition of the raw materials was obtained by XRF analysis, and the mineral composition and morphology of PBM and its stabilization/curing mechanism against heavy metals were analyzed using XRD and SEM-EDS. The results showed that the best performance of PBM was achieved when the contents of PG, GGBS, and SS were 80%, 13%, and 7%, the liquid-to-solid ratio was 0.4, and the mass concentration of NaOH was 4%, with a strength of 2.8 MPa at 28 days. The leaching concentration of fluorine at 7 days met the standard of groundwater class IV (2 mg/L), and the leaching concentration of phosphorus was detected to be less than 0.001 mg/L, and the leaching concentration of heavy metals met the environmental standard at 14 d. The hydration concentration in PBM met the environmental standard. The hydration products in PBM are mainly ettringite and C-(A)-S-H gel, which can effectively stabilize the heavy metals in PG through chemical precipitation, physical adsorption, and encapsulation.

The reduction of the carbon footprint of municipal solid waste management via source classification and supporting strategies: An analysis for the megacity of Shenzhen.

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management is a critical concern in megacities that depend heavily on external material and energy inputs but lack space for waste disposal. MSW treatment is a significant contributor to carbon emissions. The implementation of source classification improved the overall MSW management system and enhanced resource recovery from MSW. However, the precise contribution of source classification to carbon emissions reduction remains unclear. This study aimed to analyze the carbon emissions evolution in the MSW management of Shenzhen, a prototypical megacity in China, using data from 2006 to 2020 and employing carbon footprint assessment methodologies. The results demonstrated that source classification reduced the carbon emissions from 0.19-0.25 to 0.14-0.18 t CO2-eq/t MSW when considering the contribution of the urban environmental sanitation management department. The entire MSW management system becomes a carbon sink when considering recyclables collected by commercial enterprises. Although the source classification complicated the collection and transportation of MSW, the carbon offset effect of recycling food waste and recyclables was more significant than that of carbon emissions from collection and transport. Moreover, the landfill gas recovery rate critically influenced the carbon emissions of landfill-based MSW management systems. In contrast, the recovery of plastics was crucial for determining carbon emissions from incineration-based MSW management systems.

Impact of solid waste dumping on soil quality and its potential risk on human health and environment.

The soil, comprising minerals, organic matter, and living organisms, serves as a critical component of our environment. However, anthropogenic activities, such as uncontrolled sewage disposal and industrial waste, have led to pervasive soil pollution, impacting ecosystems and human health. This comprehensive study scrutinizes the intricate dynamics of soil pollution resulting from open waste dumping, specifically examining its impact on the health of local communities and the environment in Haridwar municipality. In this study, four solid waste dumping sites were meticulously surveyed, with soil samples analyzed for 19 parameters through statistical tools like one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis tests, soil pollution indices, and potential health risk assessment. The Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo) and contamination factor (CF) followed the heavy metals in the order of Zn > Mn > Fe > Cu in all selected sites. Additionally, a potential health risk assessment considered ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure pathways, revealing a high non-carcinogenic risk of metals (Mn > Fe > Zn > Cu) for both children and adults. In the ingestion pathway, the hazard quotient indicated a high risk of metals for both children and adults in the range of 1192.73 to 2066.94 for child and 191.98 to 312.16 for adults. Crucially, the HQ revealed potential health risks, emphasizing the urgency of addressing metal contamination. However, the findings indicate that dumping sites directly or indirectly affects the local people of Haridwar municipality. Therefore, this study provides a baseline framework for minimizing the impact of dumping sites on local population and the environment.

Integrated assessment of environmental and economic impact of municipal solid waste incineration for power generation: A case study in China.

Municipal solid waste incineration for power generation is significant for reducing and reusing solid waste. The study conducted an integrated assessment of environment and economy on municipal solid waste incineration in China, from a "cradle to grave" perspective using 1 tonne of municipal solid waste incineration as the functional unit. The environmental impacts of each month are also calculated to analyze the dynamic change throughout one year. The results indicate that the environmental impacts are mainly concentrated in marine ecotoxicity, freshwater ecotoxicity, human carcinogenic toxicity, and human non-carcinogenic toxicity. Flue gas purification, waste incineration and transportation are the key processes, which account for 65.61 %, 18.50 %, and 11.93 % of the overall environmental impact, respectively. Urea, activated carbon, chelating agent (EDTA) and diesel fuel for transportation are key factors. The life cycle cost (LCC) is 132.26 RMB/t of waste, of which the initial capital causes the largest economic cost. When considering power generated from municipal solid waste incineration to replace electricity supply from the power grid, it achieves significant environmental benefits and the normalized environmental impact value changes from 0.85 to -12.19. The findings provide references for municipal solid waste treatment to mitigate the environmental impact and reduce the economic burden across the entire life cycle.

Compressibility characteristics of municipal solid waste considering multiple factors.

Borehole samples were collected from a municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill in Xi'an, China, and subjected to a series of basic geotechnical and compression tests. This study aims to investigate the influence of composition, dry unit weight, moisture content, organic content, and landfill age on the compressibility of MSW. The results show that with increasing landfill age, the compressible components and organic content exhibit a decreasing trend while the dry unit weight increases. The moisture content does not vary significantly. There is also a linear trend between the logarithm of the primary compression strain and vertical stress. In addition, with an increase in compressible components content, moisture content, and organic content, the modified primary compression index (Cc') shows an increasing trend, whereas with an increase in dry unit weight and landfill age, Cc' shows a decreasing trend. Furthermore, regarding the 34 sets of data, authors only selected five data points for a detailed comparative analysis, this decision was made on the basis that these data points are representative. A modified primary compression index prediction model that considers the dry unit weight, moisture content, and landfill age of the MSW as influencing factors results in a fitting coefficient of 0.797. The Cc' values in this study are within the range of 0.12 to 0.36. These findings provide a reference for the vertical expansion design of existing landfills.

[Comparison on Environmental Benefits of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Suzhou Before and After Classification].

In order to systematically understand the urban environmental benefit improvement of municipal solid waste （MSW） classification, based on the disposal data of MSW before and after the MSW classification in Suzhou from 2017 to 2021, the environmental impact potential （EIP） of the MSW collection-transportation-disposal process was calculated, and the environmental benefits of the MSW integrated management in Suzhou to 2035 were predicted. After the MSW classification in Suzhou at the end of 2019, the EIP （in terms of PET2000, the same below） of the per unit weight of MSW was reduced by 18.38% from 2.34×10-13 t-1 in 2017 to 1.91×10-13 t-1 in 2021. The environmental benefits of the MSW integrated management could be improved by classification. Based on the Suzhou MSW removal and transportation situation in 2021, different classification and disposal scenarios were established to calculate. It was found that after the classification effect showed gradient improvement, and the disposal capacity matched accordingly, the environmental benefits of MSW were further improved. Under the planning disposal capacity scenario of "zero waste to landfill", the EIP and the total carbon emissions of per unit weight of MSW should be reduced by 23.96% and 30.73%, respectively, compared with the actual situation in 2021. Based on the linear model of population and economic development level of Suzhou, it is expected that the annual production of MSW in Suzhou will be increased to 6.965 million tons in 2035. Under the background of continuous improvement of MSW classification and continuous optimization of city appearance and environment in Suzhou, based on the status quo of terminal disposal capacity in Suzhou, the EIP of per unit weight of MSW after improving the efficiency of classification by 2035 was predicted to be 1.54×10-13 t-1, the total EIP would be 1.05×10-6, and the total carbon emissions would increase to 3.80 million tons. Under the ideal scenario of expanding the scale of waste disposal, "zero landfill" of raw MSW, and full resource utilization of food waste, the EIP of per unit weight of MSW in 2035 was predicted to be 1.28×10-13 t-1, and the total EIP and the total carbon emissions would be 8.69×10-7 and 3.23 million tons, respectively, which was approximately 5.65% and 1.23% less than the actual scenario in 2021, respectively. The EIP and carbon emissions of MSW integrated management could be controlled better by the coordinated promotion of classified collection and transportation and quality disposal.

Supporting health systems and environment in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A call for action.

Background: Developing nations have to overcome a number of obstacles to fulfill the Sustainable Development Goals. The Democratic Republic of Congo is one of the five poorest nations in the world and faces several challenges in combating problems related to poverty, health, and sanitation while linking the environment to anthropogenic activities. Methods: This study analyzes anthropogenic activities and their impact on the environment while providing access to the public health of the Congolese population based on the objectives of sustainable development. Thirty-five articles were selected for further analysis as well as relative data. Results: In 2022, 21 million cases of malaria were recorded by the national malaria control program, with 13,000 cases of death. The Democratic Republic of Congo has the highest typhoid incidence, with 315 cases per 100,000 people. A number of 31,342 cases of cholera were reported in 2023, according to multiple reports, with 230 deaths, mainly affecting children. In the same year, a triple epidemic of typhoid, shigellosis, and cholera was identified, with 2389 cases and 52 deaths. These observations cause a health emergency, which can be alleviated and resolved by the establishment of an adequate sanitation system. Waste can be recycled and returned to usable raw materials. Conclusion: Finally, it will be necessary to establish a water safety management plan to combat all diseases linked to the consumption of nonpotable water and improve national coverage on the treatment of recent cases to reduce and at best avoid observed cases of death.

Mitigating CO2 emissions through an industrial symbiosis approach: Leveraging cork ash carbonation.

This study explores for the first time the potential use of carbonation as a method for managing cork ash, a byproduct of biomass waste incineration. Additionally, the cork ash was combined with fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration to leverage the carbonation reaction's ability to stabilize heavy metals. The findings suggest that subjecting biomass ash to carbonation can lead to the formation of mineral carbonates, effectively capturing CO2 and reducing its release into the atmosphere. The combination of various alkaline wastes and the stabilization of leachable heavy metals through carbonation reactions also opens opportunities for synergies between different industrial sectors. Finally, the study proposes a route for the obtained materials valorisation via 'end of waste': the reuse of the resulting materials as substitutes for natural resources, particularly in applications like building materials and polymer composites, can further enhance carbon dioxide savings.

A comprehensive emission inventory of air pollutants from municipal solid waste incineration in China's megacity, Beijing based on the field measurements.

The rising of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI), constituting 5 % of NOx emissions in Beijing, poses a significant challenge to improving air quality. This study establishes a comprehensive historical inventory of air pollutants (APs) emitted from MSWI plants between 2004 and 2023. The inventory was developed using both the continuous emissions monitoring systems (CEMS)-based method and the EF (emission factors) -based method, incorporating detailed plant-level activity data and localized EF derived from field measurements. These include data from CEMS and manual monitoring. Analysis of CEMS data reveals high compliance rates with emission limits for MSW in Beijing, with 99.9 %, 99.5 %, 99.8 %, 98.7 %, and 99.5 % of units meeting standards for PM, SO2, NOx, CO and HCl, respectively. This suggests effective implementation of emission standards in Beijing, although further strengthening of policies, particularly for CO emissions, is warranted. Overall, total AP emissions have increased annually largely attributed to measures implemented for DeSOx, DeNOx, and DePM since 1998. Most MSWI facilities are located in suburban areas rather than urban cores. Emissions of SO2, HCl, CO, Hg, Cd + Ti, other metals, dioxins, VOCs, and NH3 exhibit a spatially homogeneous distribution at the district level, while PM and NOx emissions demonstrate heterogeneity. Scenario analysis underscores the importance of continuous improvement and upgrading of advanced air pollution control devices. This study contributes a methodological framework for estimating emissions, reducing uncertainties, and informing policy-making to mitigate APs emissions in megacities. It serves as a valuable reference for similar cities grappling with air quality challenges.

Impacts of advanced metals recovery on municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash: aggregate characteristics and performance in portland limestone cement concrete.

The optimization of alternative materials in concrete production continues to garner considerable attention in order to meet sustainability goals and supplement natural materials. Portland limestone cement (PLC) and municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash (BA) have been proposed separately as green cement and coarse aggregate supplement in low-strength concrete production, creating sustainable products and alternative disposal scenario for a waste material. This study discusses the impact of advanced ash processing techniques on aggregates and presents the performance of concrete incorporating both of these products with PLC for the first time. Two sources of MSWI BA were investigated, one as-produced (TMR) and one processed with novel advanced metals recovery (AMR). The AMR process reduced total Al content in ash compared to TMR (20,500 vs 17,000 mg/kg), though not aluminum oxide content, as the AMR process targets metallic aluminum. A composition study on both aggregates supports a reduction in ferrous and non-ferrous metals following the AMR process. All control and test mixes met 28-day compressive strength requirements (17 Mpa). Both AMR and TMR MSWI BA-amended concretes yielded compressive strengths below control specimens (no ash) ranging from 17 to 23 MPa, with little to no difference observed dependent on MSWI BA processing. The life-cycle discussion supports benefits deriving from supplementing naturally mined materials and recovering ferrous and nonferrous metals with the AMR process.