Fatal interactions of albatrosses with weather radiosondes/balloons on the Southern and Southeastern coasts of Brazil.

Weather radiosondes play a crucial role in gathering atmospheric data for weather modeling and forecasting. However, their impact on marine wildlife, particularly seabirds, has raised concerns regarding the potential threats posed by these instruments. This study aims to assess the adverse effects of weather balloons on albatrosses, with a focus on the Southwest Atlantic region. The research reveals seven cases of entanglement of radiosonde equipment, leading to severe injuries and mortality along the Southern and Southeastern coasts of Brazil. Recommendations for mitigating the environmental impact of weather balloons include the adoption of biodegradable materials in their design and the implementation of improved retrieval protocols. Furthermore, the study stresses the importance of continued monitoring and research to address the interaction of weather radiosondes with marine animals. This approach is vital for ensuring the sustainable collection of scientific data while minimizing harm to marine life and ecosystems.

Supplementary description and ontogenetic variability of Coryphaenoides affinis: rediscovery of the species after 145 years since its original description (Teleostei: Gadiformes: Macrouridae).

A large adult (138 mm head length) of the grenadier genus Coryphaenoides is described. It is identified as C. affinis hitherto known only from two juvenile type specimens collected by HMS Challenger off Uruguay in 1876. The diagnosis of the species is revised to include the discovery of considerable ontogenetic changes in squamation. Spinulation on the body scales are reduced or lost with size, while the armament of the head scales become amplified. The larger of the syntype specimens is designated as the lectotype. All three known specimens of C. affinis were collected in the southwestern Atlantic at depths between 3500 and 4000 m. A key for identification for the species of the subgenus Nematonurus is provided.

Ingestion of marine debris by juvenile Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) in wintering grounds of coastal Argentina.

The occurrence of marine debris in the stomach contents of young male and female Spheniscus magellanicus stranded along the Atlantic coast of northern Argentina during its post-breeding exodus is reported for the first time. Marine debris was found in 15.5 % of 148 dead penguins, with a higher proportion of debris found in females when compared to males. A total of 81 debris items was recorded; plastic and paper each contributed with an equal number of debris whereas rubber contributed with a single item. Chemical identification performed using FTIR/ATR revealed that plastic items were largely LDPE and PA; other polymers included HDPE, PP and PS. The average length of fragmented plastic debris are in line with those reported from penguins stranded along the southern Brazilian coasts. Our study indicates that loads of ingested marine debris were roughly five times lower when compared to the estimates for the species in Brazilian beaches.

Marine aquaculture as a source of propagules of invasive fouling species.

Non-indigenous species tend to colonize aquaculture installations, especially when they are near international ports. In addition to the local environmental hazard that colonizing non-indigenous species pose, they can also take advantage of local transport opportunities to spread elsewhere. In this study, we examined the risk of the spread of eight invasive fouling species that are found in mussel farms in southern Brazil. We used ensemble niche models based on worldwide occurrences of these species, and environmental variables (ocean temperature and salinity) to predict suitable areas for each species with three algorithms (Maxent, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine). As a proxy for propagule pressure, we used the tonnage transported by container ships from Santa Catarina (the main mariculture region) that travel to other Brazilian ports. We found that ports in the tropical states of Pernambuco, Ceará, and Bahia received the largest tonnage, although far from Santa Catarina and in a different ecoregion. The ascidians Aplidium accarense and Didemnum perlucidum are known from Bahia, with a high risk of invasion in the other states. The bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata also has a high risk of establishment in Pernambuco, while the ascidian Botrylloides giganteus has a medium risk in Bahia. Paraná, a state in the same ecoregion as Santa Catarina is likely to be invaded by all species. A second state in this region, Rio Grande do Sul, is vulnerable to A. accarense, the barnacle Megabalanus coccopoma, and the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Climate change is changing species latitudinal distributions and most species will gain rather than lose area in near future (by 2050). As an ideal habitat for fouling organisms and invasive species, aquaculture farms can increase propagule pressure and thus the probability that species will expand their distributions, especially if they are close to ports. Therefore, an integrated approach of the risks of both aquaculture and nautical transport equipment present in a region is necessary to better inform decision-making procedures aiming at the expansion or establishment of new aquaculture farms. The risk maps provided will allow authorities and regional stakeholders to prioritize areas of concern for mitigating the present and future spread of fouling species.

Browning, nutrient inputs, and fast vertical mixing from simulated extreme rainfall and wind stress alter estuarine phytoplankton productivity.

Browning and nutrient inputs from extreme rainfall, together with increased vertical mixing due to strong winds, are more frequent in coastal ecosystems; however, their interactive effects on phytoplankton are poorly understood. We conducted experiments to quantify how browning, together with different mixing speeds (fluctuating radiation), and a nutrient pulse alter primary productivity and photosynthetic efficiency in estuarine phytoplankton communities. Phytoplankton communities (grazers excluded) were exposed simultaneously to these drivers, and key photosynthetic targets were quantified: oxygen production, electron transport rates (ETRs), and carbon fixation immediately following collection and after a 2-d acclimation/adaptation period. Increasing mixing speeds in a turbid water column (e.g. browning) significantly decreased ETRs and carbon fixation in the short term. Acclimation/adaptation to this condition for 2 d resulted in an increase in nanoplanktonic diatoms and a community that was photosynthetically more efficient; however, this did not revert the decreasing trend in carbon fixation with increased mixing speed. The observed interactive effects (resulting from extreme rainfall and strong winds) may have profound implications in the trophodynamics of highly productive system such as the Southwest Atlantic Ocean due to changes in the size structure of the community and reduced productivity.

Mercury and stable isotopes portray colony-specific foraging grounds in southern rockhopper penguins over the Patagonian Shelf.

Mercury pollution is a serious global environmental issue and the characterization of its distribution and its driving forces should be urgently included in research agendas. We report unusually high mercury (Hg) concentrations (>5 µg/g) along with stable isotopes values in feathers of southern rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome) from colonies in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean. We found a highly heterogenous prevalence of Hg throughout the study area and over a three-fold higher mean Hg concentration in southernmost colonies. Variation in Hg concentrations among colonies is primarily explained by site, rather than by trophic position. We provide further support to the existence of a Hg hotspot in the food web of the Patagonian Shelf and spatially restrict it to the southern tip of South America. Our findings highlight the need for regional and colony-based seabird conservation management when high local variability and plasticity in foraging habits is evident.

Beach strandings of Tehuelche scallop, Aequipecten tehuelchus, in Patagonia: Multi-scale processes and management implications.

The magnitude and causal mechanisms of a massive beach stranding of Tehuelche scallops that occurred in November 2017 in San José Gulf, Argentina, were investigated with the long-term goal of improving the assessment and management of the scallop fishery. The biomass of scallops washed ashore and deposited over a 10-km stretch of coast was estimated by quadrat sampling and compared with the results of a scallop stock assessment survey conducted three months prior to the stranding event. The resulting estimate of total biomass loss was in the order of 200 t, representing 10% of the estimated total scallop biomass in the San José gulf. The stranding coincided with persistent strong southerly winds (13 m/s) blowing for 24 h in San José Gulf, and large-scale windstorms that affected the southern tip of South America. Surface waves predicted under such windstorm conditions could generate strong bottom orbital velocities at shallow waters (<10 m depth), sufficient to drag and transport ashore scallops by Stokes drift (600-2000 m in 24 h). Analysis of local wind data recorded over a 6.8-year period indicated that such windstorm conditions occurred with an average frequency of 7.7 times per year, implying that beach strandings could have a significant impact on the scallop resource and its fishery. The actual impact of windstorms would depend on the location, depth and size composition of scallop beds, shallow beds (<10 m depth) being more susceptible to stranding risks. The use of spatial harvest control rules, instead of the global total allowable catch used at present, could reduce the risks of yield loss by directing the harvest to the more vulnerable scallop beds.

Fish assemblage patterns in a subtropical estuary in southern Brazil / Padrões da assembleia de peixes em uma baía subtropical do sul do Brasil

Abstract: In this study, the relationship between fish assemblage structure and environmental factors was analyzed in a bay in southern Brazil. Fish were collected every two months between February and December 2002 at six sampling sites using bottom trawl nets. Abiotic data (salinity, temperature, rainfall, and depth) and biotic data (number of individuals, biomass, and total length of individuals from each species) were obtained. In total, 56 fish species representing 27 families were collected. Assemblage structure varied with seasonality, as was evidenced by the variation in temperature and rainfall in each season. Catches showed a high abundance of demersal fishes, particularly Genidens genidens, Eucinostomus gula, and E. argenteus.

Resumo: Neste estudo, a relação entre a estrutura da assembleia de peixes e fatores ambientais foi analisada em uma baía no sul do Brasil. Os peixes foram coletados a cada dois meses entre fevereiro e dezembro de 2002 em seis locais de amostragem usando redes de arrasto de fundo. Dados abióticos (salinidade, temperatura, precipitação e profundidade) e dados bióticos (número de indivíduos, biomassa e comprimento total de indivíduos de cada espécie) foram obtidos. No total, 56 espécies de peixes representando 27 famílias foram coletadas. A estrutura da assembleia variou com a sazonalidade, conforme evidenciado pela variação da temperatura e precipitação em cada estação. As capturas mostraram grande abundância de peixes demersais, principalmente Genidens genidens, Eucinostomus gula e E. argenteus.

Morphological and Molecular Evidence Reveals the Longnose Skate Zearaja brevicaudata (Marini, 1933) to be a Senior Synonym of Dipturus lamillai Concha, Caira, Ebert & Pompert 2019.

Longnose skates have great economic importance in South American fisheries, and in order to preserve them, it is important to have a well-defined taxonomic status of their species. Dipturus lamillai was recently described for Malvinas Islands waters based on morphological and molecular comparisons with Zearaja chilensis. Although D. lamillai has been compared with several congeneric species, it was not properly compared with the morphologically similar Zearaja brevicaudata, the most abundant longnose skate in the Southwest Atlantic. Here, these species were compared by morphological and molecular analyses in order to evaluate their conspecificity. Linear morphometric variables of holotype and paratypes of D. lamillai and 69 specimens of Z. brevicaudata were compared and investigated using Principal Component Analysis. In addition, thorn patterns, denticle distributions, color, and clasper morphology were compared. No body proportions or other single character that could differentiate D. lamillai from Z. brevicaudata were found. Molecular analyses comprised of the comparison of the Cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2. The results of the Maximum Likelihood (ML) carried out for each molecular marker showed that sequences from D. lamillai clustered together with those of Z. brevicaudata, and the molecular distance determined by Kimura two-parameter were lower than the expected for different species. Additionally, the Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery method and the Bayesian implementation of the Poisson tree processes were carried out with COI sequences to explore species limits, and their results were consistent with ML analyses. In summary, the results obtained showed that there are no morphological or molecular differences between these nominal species of the valid skate genus Zearaja, leading to the conclusion that they are conspecific. Therefore, we designated Z. brevicaudata as a senior synonym of D. lamillai.

Growth estimates of young-of-the-year broadnose sevengill shark, Notorynchus cepedianus, a top predator with poorly calcified vertebrae.

The broadnose sevengill shark, Notorynchus cepedianus (Péron, 1807), is a large marine top predator in temperate coastal ecosystems. Some aspects of its life history have been determined, but its growth pattern is yet to be fully understood. The authors used a multi-modelling approach and a sensitivity test to estimate growth parameters from young-of-year (YOY) length data collected off San Antonio Cape (SAC), Argentina, a critical habitat in the Southwest Atlantic Coastal Zone (SACZ). The best selected model, a sex-combined logistic growth model, estimated an asymptotic length (L∞ ) of 92.58 cm TL (95% C.I.: 86.48-105.89 cm), a growth coefficient (K) of 0.006818 days -1 (95% C.I.: 0.004948-0.008777) and a size at birth (L0 ) of 40.73 cm. The predicted annual growth (i.e., L1 - L0 ) was 43.2 cm TL. Males had smaller L0 , higher K and achieved larger sizes after 1 year. The YOY in SAC attained a larger L1 and grew faster than their Australian and South African wild counterparts. The consistent year-round presence of YOY in the SAC highlights the importance of this area as a pupping ground and potential nursery for N. cepedianus; this has direct implications for the allocation of research and management effort for the conservation of this species in the Southwest Atlantic.

Marine fish imported from Argentina as source of human diphyllobothriosis in Europe? Ecological evidence from dolphins.

Diphyllobothriosis caused by the Pacific broad tapeworm Adenocephalus pacificus (syn. Diphyllobothrium pacificum) is an emerging parasitic disease reported also from non-endemic areas, including Europe (Spain). The origin of these human cases is unknown but should be related to fresh marine fish imported from endemic areas. In this study, we molecularly confirmed common dolphins Delphinus delphis off Argentina as euparatenic transit hosts of A. pacificus. Preliminary analysis of their stomach content, together with data from previous studies from the Southwest Atlantic, showed that common dolphins feed almost exclusively on schooling Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi and Argentine anchovy Engraulis anchoita. Therefore, we suggest that Argentine hake and Argentine anchovy may represent the intermediate hosts of A. pacificus in the Southwest Atlantic, but also in Europe to where M. hubbsi is imported on ice (unfrozen).

Plastic ingestion by juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas) off the coast of Southern Brazil.

Five of the seven extant sea turtle species in the world forage on the coast of Southern Brazil at least in some stage of their life cycle. The green turtle Chelonia mydas frequently strands on beaches of Rio Grande do Sul State. The species is currently classified as vulnerable to extinction in the region, and pollution by marine debris is one of the most conspicuous threats to its conservation. In this study, we quantified and characterized plastic ingestion by juvenile green turtles in waters off the southern Brazilian coast between 2013 and 2016. We analysed the gastrointestinal content of 17 beached carcasses and registered debris ingestion in 15 individuals (88%). On average, each green turtle ingested 38.4 ± 88.5 plastic fragments. White and transparent plastic bags and plastic sheets were predominant. Our results indicate a high interaction between juvenile green turtles and marine debris off the coast of Southern Brazil.

Metal contamination in threatened elasmobranchs from an impacted urban coast.

Guitarfishes and angelsharks are two of the most endangered elasmobranch groups. Despite this, limited knowledge exists regarding the effects of environmental contamination in these groups. For this reason, this study assessed the concentrations of metals in liver and muscle of three guitarfishes (Pseudobatos horkelii, P. percellens, and Zapteryx brevirostris) and one angelshark species (Squatina guggenheim) captured during the year of 2019 in one of the most impacted areas in South America: the São Paulo State coast, Brazil, Southwest Atlantic. Cadmium (Cd) Chromium (Cr) Cupper (Cu) Iron (Fe), Mercury (Hg), and Lead (Pb) were determined by atomic spectrometry, with samples being previously acid digested. Among the non-essential metals, Cd had the highest mean concentrations for all species, followed by Pb and Hg, whereas Fe had the highest mean levels among the essential metals analyzed, followed by Cu and Cr. Liver and muscle samples had different concentrations, with liver presenting the highest concentrations. Except for Cd, non-essential metals had relatively low concentrations when compared to other elasmobranch species reported in the literature, which could be explained by the efficiency in metabolizing these compounds or differential life history patterns among the species studied herein and other. Considering that all species analyzed herein are typically consumed, human health impacts must be considered, especially concerning Cd concentrations. Furthermore, Cd, Cr and Pb were above the safety limits, indicating potential hazard for human consumption. In conclusion, our results suggest that these species are exposed to metals and that concentrations above the safety limits observed for these species must be taken into consideration regarding human consumption.

Total tin (TSn) biomagnification: Evaluating organotin trophic flow and dispersion using hepatic TSn concentrations and stable isotope (C, N) data of nektonic organisms from Brazil.

A previous investigation of our research team has demonstrated the suitability of using hepatic total tin (ΣSn) concentrations for evaluating dolphin exposure to organotins (OTs). The present study develops the previous technique into three different approaches that comprise data: (1) on hepatic ΣSn concentrations of 121 Guiana dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) from five different coastal areas (CAs): (2) on ΣSn, δ13C and δ15N for 40 dolphins from Rio de Janeiro state (RJ), including ten different delphinid species; as well as (3) on hepatic ΣSn concentrations and δ15N values on 31 individuals from five different fish species from Sepetiba Bay (SB, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil). Hepatic ΣSn concentrations of Guiana dolphins from Guanabara Bay (GB, RJ) were significantly higher than those found in other four CAs from S and SE Brazilian regions. Significant positive correlations were found between ΣSn concentrations and δ13C data in delphinid species, demonstrating a coast-ocean gradient in dolphin exposure to OTs in RJ state. Significant and positive correlations were observed between ΣSn concentrations and both δ15N and Trophic Position (TP) values of fish, as well as high values were found for Trophic Magnification Factor (TMF = 3.03) and Trophic Magnification Slope (TMS = 0.14), demonstrating OT biomagnification in SB ichthyofauna.

The first reproductive parameters and evidence of multiple paternity in one new spiny dogfish species, Squalus albicaudus (Squaliformes, Squalidae).

Understanding elasmobranch reproductive biology is necessary for species conservation. Multiple paternity (MP) has been reported for elasmobranchs, and this study investigates the reproductive aspects and mating system (paternity genetic analyses) for Squalus albicaudus. Thirteen pregnant females were analysed concerning reproductive parameters, and the mating system was assessed for nine females and their litters. The study found a mean fecundity of 2.84 pups per litter without correlation between total female length and the number of embryos per litter. One litter showed evidence of MP, indicating the presence of polyandrous behaviour of the species.

Key prey indicates high resilience on marine soft bottom habitats.

The key prey was determined based on the diet and spatial patterns of the Nektonic community in southern Brazil. The proposed tool to discriminate key prey was based on simple probabilistic methods and analytical procedures that integrate freely available software on the web. To avoid using arbitrary criteria in key prey determination it was used an indicator based on an adapted outlier analysis including a run of principal component analysis (PCA) and then the choice of prey that fall out of the 99% concentration ellipse. The results showed three key prey identified at species level: the shrimp Artemesia longinaris in the coastal habitats and euphausid Euphausia similis and anchovy Engraulis anchoita in the continental shelf habitats (warm and cold). The analysis of the diets of the indicator species of three necktonic assemblages showed that all of them had both pelagic and detritus as primary sources of energy. However, in shallow coastal waters prevailed access to benthic food web key prey. In deeper areas, the Warm shelf assemblage accessed more evenly the epifauna, infauna and the pelagic compartments, while the Cold shelf assemblage was more dependent on planktonic production and had a prevalence of pelagic key prey. Is demonstrated the importance of the identification of key prey, since it may indicate greater or lesser stability of predator populations depending on whether they come from compartments with more or less dynamic primary production processes, including climate-related changes that may affect the predator prey interactions. This study confirmed the prediction that demersal nekton has high disturbance recovery capacity, which may mask for decades the growing impact of fishing.

Contaminant screening and tissue distribution in the critically endangered Brazilian guitarfish Pseudobatos horkelii.

Elasmobranchs are particularly prone to accumulating contaminants due to their life history patterns and relatively high trophic position. However, several compounds, especially contaminants of emerging concern, have still not been well studied in this group. Here, we aimed to determine the occurrence and concentrations of several inorganic and organic contaminants in different tissues of the Brazilian guitarfish Pseudobatos horkelii. This species is a critically endangered species, endemic from the Southwest Atlantic which uses southern Brazilian waters as a nursery habitat. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), emerging pesticides, pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) and trace metals were determined in five biological tissues in order to assess the accumulation and organotropism of these compounds. Except for chlorothalonil and triclosan, all compounds were detected in, at least, one tissue, mostly in liver samples. All compounds differed among tissues, with liver presenting the higher concentrations of several contaminants, followed by muscle and gills. PAHs and PPCPs were the most detected analytes and presented the highest concentrations among tissues. Diclofenac levels were determined, for the first time in elasmobranchs, and were relatively high, when compared to other fishes. Finally, relatively high concentrations of PAHs, dichlofluanid and octocrylene in muscle might be suggestive of chronic exposure, presenting also human health implications. Regarding trace metals, contrary to most elasmobranch studies, Hg levels were low in all tissues, whereas Cd and Pb here higher in liver, and gills and blood samples, respectively. Our results indicate that P. horkelii is exposed to several organic and inorganic which might affect this species in a long-term scale. Concerning the determination of emerging contaminants, it is likely that other elasmobranchs are also exposed to these compounds and special attention should be given to this issue in order to predict future effects on this group.

Feeding habits of the cockfish, Callorhinchus callorynchus (Holocephali: Callorhinchidae) from off northern Argentina

The feeding habits of Callorhinchus callorynchus were investigated in coastal waters off northern Argentina. The effect of body size, seasons and regions was evaluated on female diet composition using a multiple-hypothesis modelling approach. Callorhinchus callorynchus fed mainly on bivalves (55.61% PSIRI), followed by brachyuran crabs (10.62% PSIRI) and isopods (10.13% PSIRI). Callorhinchus callorynchus females showed changes in the diet composition with increasing body size and also between seasons and regions. Further, this species is able to consume larger bivalves as it grows. Trophic level was 3.15, characterizing it as a secondary consumer. We conclude that C. callorynchus showed a behavior of crushing hard prey, mainly on bivalves, brachyuran, gastropods and anomuran crabs. Females of this species shift their diet with increasing body size and in response to seasonal and regional changes in prey abundance or distribution.(AU)

RESUMEN Los hábitos alimentarios de Callorhinchus callorynchus fueron investigados en las aguas costeras del norte de Argentina. Se evaluó el efecto del tamaño del cuerpo, la temporada y la región sobre la composición de la dieta de las hembras mediante un enfoque de modelado de múltiples hipótesis. Callorhinchus callorynchus se alimentó principalmente de bivalvos (55,61% PSIRI), seguido de cangrejos brachyuras (10,62% PSIRI) y de isópodos (10,13% PSIRI). Las hembras de C. callorynchus presentaron cambios en la dieta con incremento del tamaño del cuerpo, la temporada y la región. Además, esta especie es capaz de consumir bivalvos de mayor tamaño a medida que incrementa el tamaño del cuerpo. El nivel trófico fue calculado en 3,15, caracterizando a esta especie como un consumidor secundario. Concluimos que C. callorynchus presentó un comportamiento de triturador de presas duras, principalmente bivalvos, cangrejos y gasterópodos. Las hembras de esta especie cambian su dieta con el incremento del tamaño del cuerpo y en respuesta a cambios temporales y regionales en la abundancia y distribución de sus presas.(AU)

Pycnogonida (Arthropoda) from Uruguayan waters (Southwest Atlantic): annotated checklist and biogeographic considerations.

Records of pycnogonids from Uruguayan waters (south-western Atlantic) include 26 species cited from precise locations, and at least five other species based on unconfirmed records. Nearly half of the species in that fauna belong to the genus Nymphon (12 spp.). Most species (22) come from deep-water and were recorded and described by C. A. Child. Of these, at least twelve species have an extended Antarctic and Subantarctic distribution, showing the influence of these cold waters in the area; three others have a wide deep-sea distribution pattern. Five species are known only from the lower slope and abyssal basin off La plata river: Mimipallene Atlantis and four species of Nymphon. Records from coastal and shelf areas (four species) are poorly documented and should be the focus of future research. Of these, Colossendeis geoffroyi is considered endemic in the Southwest Atlantic between 34ºS and 40ºS, but presents clear Antarctic affinities. A small-sized species living in shallow waters, Pycnogonum cessaci, is here considered as cryptogenic.

Ichthyofauna marine of the Island of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil: checklist with comments on the species / Ictiofauna marinha da Ilha de Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil: lista com comentários sobre as espécies

Abstract: This study aimed to present a checklist of marine fishes from coastal environments of the Island of Santa Catarina, including comments on the zoogeographic affinities, conservation status of each species, and functional groups. A total of 169 fish species belonging to 30 orders and 58 families were recorded. The most speciose families were Sciaenidae, Carangidae and, Engraulidae, representing 26,62% of the recorded species. Anchoa was the richest genus, followed by Sphoeroides and Cynoscion. Most of the species have their distribution limited to the western Atlantic, and two groups of fish were distinguished according to the species distributions: 1) species occurring in the Caribbean and in the Brazilian Province; and 2) Transatlantic species. Thirteen species are critically threatened, 10 are overexploited on the Brazilian coast, and 2 are threatened by extinction. Most of the species are either marine stragglers or marine migrants, and most of them are zoobenthivores, piscivores, or both.

Resumo: Este estudo teve como objetivo apresentar uma lista de peixes marinhos de ambientes costeiros da Ilha de Santa Catarina, incluindo comentários sobre as afinidades zoogeográficas, estado de conservação de cada espécie e grupos funcionais. Um total de 169 espécies de peixes, pertencentes a 30 ordens e 58 famílias, foram registradas. As famílias mais especiosas foram Sciaenidae, Carangidae e Engraulidae, representando 26,62% das espécies registradas. Anchoa foi o gênero mais rico, seguido por Sphoeroides e Cynoscion. A maioria das espécies tem sua distribuição limitada ao Atlântico ocidental, e dois grupos de peixes foram distinguidos de acordo com as distribuições de espécies: 1) espécies ocorrentes no Caribe e na Província Brasileira; e 2) espécies Transatlânticas. Treze espécies estão criticamente ameaçadas, 10 são superexploradas na costa brasileira e 2 estão ameaçadas de extinção. A maioria das espécies é composta por visitantes marinhos ou migrantes marinhos, sendo a maioria deles zoobentívoros, piscívoros ou ambos.