Survival Outcomes of Non-squamous Cell Carcinoma and Rare Squamous Cell Carcinoma Variants of the Larynx.

The literature focuses primarily on laryngeal differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and only a limited number of studies have evaluated the outcomes of rare variants of SCC (vSCC) and non-SCC malignancies (nSCC). To our knowledge, this is the first study to compare the survival outcomes of these two groups. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 816 patients who underwent laryngeal surgery from January 2010 to November 2022. Forty-nine (6.2%) were identified as having unusual larynx malignancies and categorized in the nSCC or vSCC groups. The patients' clinicopathological features were then recorded. We compared the two groups' overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) outcomes. Thirty-three (4.2%) patients had vSCC, and 16 (2%) had nSCC. Forty-two (85.7%) were male, and the mean age was 58.57 years. The median follow-up time was 69 months. The 5-year OS rate was 71.4% in the nSCC group vs. 87.9% in the vSCC group (p = .055). Only surgical margin (HR: 4.68; 95% CI:1.13-19.37, p = .033) was an independent prognostic factor for OS in the multivariable analysis. The 5-year RFS rate was 50% for the nSCC group compared to 90.9% for the vSCC group (p < .001). In the multivariable analysis, surgical margin positivity (HR: 21.0, 95% CI 3.97-98.1, p < .001), and lymphovascular invasion (HR: 0.043, 95% CI 0.005-0.357, p = .004) were independent prognostic factors for RFS. Although OS did not show a statistical difference, nSCC malignancies of the larynx demonstrated worse OS and RFS outcomes than vSCC malignancies. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12070-023-03934-8.

Acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma

@#A 63-year-old Filipino man presented with a one-month history of painful ulceration on the alveolar socket of a molar tooth of the right hemimandible. The patient consulted at a tertiary hospital, where he underwent incisional biopsy.

Sebaceous Differentiation in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx and Adjacent Pharynx: Case Report with Review and Discussion of the Literature.

Among the variants of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck arising in mucosal surfaces, examples with sebaceous differentiation are exceedingly rare. We present a new case of SCC with sebaceous differentiation, developing in the larynx of a 64 year-old male, cigarette smoker and alcohol drinker. The tumor extended transglottically, metastasized to cervical lymph nodes, and killed the patient after 12 months. Comparing this case with four previously reported cases of SCC with sebaceous differentiation, two arising in the larynx and the other two in the adjacent pharynx, all five patients mostly shared the following features: appearance of the tumor in the seventh decade of life, heavy tobacco smoking, alcohol intake in three, surgery as mainstay treatment, tumor size between 2 and 4.7 cm, and regional lymph node metastases in four of them. Out of the four patients with a follow up of 12 months, two died of disease, one was alive with disease, and only one was alive without disease. One patient was lost for follow up. In conclusion, mucosal SCC with sebaceous differentiation is a very rare variant of SCC that when arising in the larynx and anatomically adjacent parts of the pharynx behaves aggressively and bears a dismal prognosis. The recognition of new cases of this entity requires special awareness of its phenotypic features and may be important for further assessment of its behavior.

Sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma and the prognostic implications of its histologic variants: a population-based study.

BACKGROUND: Variants of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) make up 15% of all cases of SCC of the upper aerodigestive tract. There are 5 main histologic variants of SCC in the head and neck region: verrucous (VSCC), papillary (PSCC), spindle cell (sarcomatoid) (SCSC), basaloid (BSCC), and adenosquamous (ASC). Conventional sinonasal SCC has been studied extensively, but far less is known about its major variants. METHODS: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to extract frequency and survival data from 1973 to 2009. A total of 4382 cases of conventional sinonasal SCC and 328 cases of its major variants were found. Statistical comparisons of data for sinonasal SCC and its variants were carried out with respect to varying demographic and disease specific parameters, such as gender, race, age at diagnosis, and specific anatomic site affected. RESULTS: Sinonasal BSCC was diagnosed at a significantly lower mean age than sinonasal SCC. Sinonasal SCSC significantly affected the maxillary sinus more commonly than SCC. In the setting of advanced stage disease, sinonasal VSCC, PSCC, and BSCC appear to be associated with a better prognosis than conventional sinonasal SCC, whereas the impact of histologic subtype on prognosis in early stage disease appears to be more limited. Survival for SCSC and ASC, both regarded as more lethal variants, was statistically similar to conventional SCC. CONCLUSION: Our study supports the practice of distinguishing between conventional sinonasal SCC and its major histologic variants, because histologic subtype appears to carry important prognostic implications.