[Becoming a father in the face of symbolic wounds in filiation: a case of male infertility]. / Devenir père à l'épreuve des blessures symboliques dans la filiation.

With the intention of having a child and the subsequent question of filiation, "becoming a mother" as well as "becoming a father" always involve a risk. In both men and women, the plan to have a child or to become pregnant can lead to the revival of unresolved conflicts that can question the very organisation of their being. Sterility then comes as a defence against the risk of collapse.

[Sterilisation of patient specific surgical guide for dental implantology made in a hospital: Validation of a sterility test and structural deformation study]. / Stérilisation de guides d'implantologie imprimés sur mesure à l'hôpital : validation d'un essai de stérilité et étude de déformation.

Medical device made to measure by 3D printing are now emerging in hospital. In order to improve the precision of surgery and facilitate the treatment of complicated cases, patient specific surgical guides for dental implantology are made by stereolithography in our facial surgical unit. This new activity requires to ensure the safety of patients and health personnel by validating the various step of the manufacturing circuit. In this context, the goal of this work was to study the quality of autoclave sterilisation of the patient specific surgical guide made to measure in our hospital. A protocol of sterility test was designed and validated. Sterility of implantology guides 0, 7, 14 and 28 days after sterilisation was checked. The impact of the autoclave sterilisation on the medical device structure was evaluated by visual check and during surgeries. The sterility of the implantology guides up to 28 days after sterilisation was also validated. The protocol of sterility test executed can be extended to other hospitals interested in validating a sterility test. No deformation was observed by surgeons during the dental implant process. Future studies may be necessary to check the accurate impact of sterilisation on surgical guide structure.

Comparative profile analysis reveals differentially expressed microRNAs regulate anther and pollen development in kenaf cytoplasmic male sterility line.

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is advantageous in extensive crop breeding and represents a perfect model for understanding anther and pollen development research. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in regulating various biological processes. However, the miRNA-mediated regulatory network in kenaf CMS occurrence remains largely unknown. In the present study, a comparative deep sequencing approach was used to investigate the miRNAs and their roles in regulating anther and pollen development during CMS occurrence. We identified 283 known and 46 new candidate miRNAs in kenaf anther. A total of 67 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were discovered between CMS and its maintainer line. Among them, 40 and 27 miRNAs were up- and downregulated, respectively. These 67 DEMs were predicted to target 189 genes. Validation of DEMs and putative target genes were confirmed by using real-time quantitative PCR. In addition, a potential miRNA-mediated regulatory network, which mainly involves the auxin signaling pathway, signal transduction, glycolysis and energy metabolism, gene expression, transmembrane transport, protein modification and metabolism, and floral development, that mediates anther development during CMS occurrence was proposed. Taken together, our findings provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of miRNA regulation in pollen development and CMS occurrence in kenaf.

Comparative transcript profiling reveals the mechanism of female sterility associated with seedless Ponkan mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco).

Seedlessness is a highly desirable trait in citrus varieties. Sterility is the key determination for seedlessness formation. However, the molecular basis for female sterility in seedless mandarin remains unclear. Thus, a seedless Ponkan mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco 'Lipeng No.2'), considered the bud mutation of normal seedy Ponkan, was collected to identify candidate genes involved in seedless variation. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) screened 1091 uniESTs related to seedy and seedless Ponkan (727 singlets and 364 contigs), which mainly governed catalytic activity, transferase activity, and oxygen binding. By using RNA-Seq technology, 106 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were captured, of which 74 were up-regulated and 32 were down-regulated. Gene Ontology and pathway analysis showed that six DEGs were enriched in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolite, whereas five DEGs were enriched in the signaling of plant hormones. The combined results of SSH and RNA-Seq indicated the importance of amino acid metabolism in seedless Ponkan. Our findings revealed that the mechanism of seedless Ponkan generation may be related to gene regulation, signal cascade, and hormone levels. This study provided a solid foundation for functional gene identification in seedless Ponkan and a good reference for relevant research on molecular mechanisms of female sterility in Ponkan mandarin.

Molecular mapping of five soybean genes involved in male-sterility, female-sterility.

In soybean, asynaptic and desynaptic mutants lead to abnormal meiosis and fertility reduction. Several male-sterile, female-sterile mutants have been identified and studied in soybean, however, some of these mutants have not been mapped to locations on soybean chromosomes. The objectives of this study were to molecularly map five male-sterile, female-sterile genes (st2, st4, st5, st6, and st7) in soybean and compare the map locations of these genes with already mapped sterility genes. Microsatellite markers were used in bulked segregant analyses to locate all five male-sterile, female-sterile genes to soybean chromosomes, and markers from the corresponding chromosomes were used on F2 populations to generate genetic linkage maps. The st2, st4, st5, st6, and st7 genes were located on molecular linkage group (MLG) B1 (chromosome 11), MLG D1a (chromosome 01), MLG F (chromosome 13), MLG B2 (chromosome 14), and D1b (chromosome 02), respectively. The st2, st4, st5, st6, and st7 genes were flanked to 10.3 (∼ 399 kb), 6.3 (∼ 164 kb), 3.9 (∼ 11.8 Mb), 11.0 (∼ 409 kb), and 5.3 cM (∼ 224 kb), and the flanked regions contained 57, 17, 362, 52, and 17 predicted genes, respectively. Future characterization of candidate genes should facilitate identification of the male- and female-fertility genes, which may provide vital insights on structure and function of genes involved in the reproductive pathway in soybean.

Molecular mapping of three male-sterile, female-fertile mutants and generation of a comprehensive map of all known male sterility genes in soybean.

In soybean, an environmentally stable male sterility system is vital for making hybrid seed production commercially viable. Eleven male-sterile, female-fertile mutants (ms1, ms2, ms3, ms4, ms5, ms6, ms7, ms8, ms9, msMOS, and msp) have been identified in soybean. Of these, eight (ms2, ms3, ms5, ms7, ms8, ms9, msMOS, and msp) have been mapped to soybean chromosomes. The objectives of this study were to (i) locate the ms1, ms4, and ms6 genes to soybean chromosomes; (ii) generate genetic linkage maps of the regions containing these genes; and (iii) develop a comprehensive map of all known male-sterile, female-fertile genes in soybean. The bulked segregant analysis technique was used to locate genes to soybean chromosomes. Microsatellite markers from the corresponding chromosomes were used on F2 populations to generate genetic linkage maps. The ms1 and ms6 genes were located on chromosome 13 (molecular linkage group F) and ms4 was present on chromosome 2 (molecular linkage group D1b). Molecular analyses revealed markers Satt516, BARCSOYSSR_02_1539, and AW186493 were located closest to ms1, ms4, and ms6, respectively. The ms1 and ms6 genes, although present on the same chromosome, were independently assorting with a genetic distance of 73.7 cM. Using information from this study and compiled information from previously published male sterility genes in soybean, a comprehensive genetic linkage map was generated. Eleven male sterility genes were present on seven soybean chromosomes. Four genes were present in two regions on chromosome 2 (molecular linkage group D1b) and two genes were present on chromosome 13 (molecular linkage group F).

[Stability and sterility of parenteral nutrition admixture for patients home care manufactured by the automated compounding BAXA® EM 2400]. / Étude de stabilité et de stérilité des poches de nutrition parentérale pour patients à domicile fabriquées à l'aide de l'automate BAXA® EM 2400.

INTRODUCTION: Initially, parenteral nutrition admixtures are produced by sterile filtration with a stability of 14 days This study was conducted to check the stability (physicochemical and microbiological) when automated compounding BAXA(®) EM 2400 is used. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty pockets corresponding to 10 patients have been manufactured in according to Good Manufacturing Practice. Macroscopic and physicochemical tests (determination of electrolytes by atomic absorption spectroscopy, osmolality and pH measurements) were performed at different times (D0, D7, D14). To complete these checks, the emulsions were analyzed (size, stability, optical microscopy) at D0 and D14. Finally, microbiological research (Bact-Alert(®), filtration membrane sterility tests Steritest(®) and plate count agar) was performed. RESULTS: No lipid cluster was observed with an optical microscope. Comparison of data observed for all controls showed no significant difference in the production of D0 by the Wilcoxon test. Microbiology (Bact-Alert filtration membrane sterility tests Steritest(®) and plate count agar) was negative for all samples. Consequently, all mixtures were considered stable. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The automated compounding BAXA(®) EM 2400 ensures quality and safety of production. The results of this study have shown stability and sterility of parenteral nutrition admixtures for 14 days.

A mulher é mãe por natureza? As técnicas de procriação medicalmente assistidas, à luz da psicanálise, no contexto francês / La femme est-elle une mere par nature? Les techniques de procréation médicalement assistée au prisme de la psychanalyse en contexte français / ¿La mujer es madre por naturaleza? Las técnicas de procreación médicamente asistida, a la luz del psicoanálisis, en el contexto francés / Is woman a mother by nature? Medically assisted procreation techniques, in the light of psychoanalysis, in the French context

Este artigo pretende contribuir para a compreensão de uma questão específica, classicamente debatida nas ciências humanas, especialmente nos campos da psicologia, da psicanálise, da sociologia, da antropologia, da filosofia (política, moral ou das ciências): a mulher é mãe por natureza? O texto se situa na interseção da teoria com a prática. Seu objeto se refere à maneira pela qual a psicanálise foi convocada à cabeceira do paciente, a fim de ajudar a compreender o fenômeno da esterilidade, quando esta não se explica somente por razões fisiológicas. Ao mesmo tempo, discute-se o modo pelo qual as práticas de procriação medicalmente assistidas contribuem hoje para renovar as hipóteses teóricas da psicanálise relativas à experiência feminina da gravidez e da maternidade. Este artigo se centra, em especial, em uma das hipóteses elaboradas para se entender a esterilidade, ou seja, a relação da paciente com sua própria mãe e com sua "passividade". (AU)

This article aims at contributing to the understanding of a specific issue, classically debated in humanities, especially in the fields of psychology, psychoanalysis, sociology, anthropology and (political, moral or scientific) philosophy: is woman a mother by nature? The text concerns the intersection between theory and practice. Its focus is the way psychoanalysis was summoned to the patient's bedside to help understand the phenomenon of sterility, when it cannot be explained only by physiological reasons. At the same time, it discusses the way by which medically assisted procreation practice nowadays contributes to renew theoretical hypotheses of psychoanalysis related to the female experience of pregnancy and maternity. The article considers particularly one of the hypotheses elaborated to explain sterility, that is, the patient's relation with her own mother and with her 'passivity'.(AU)

Cet article se propose d'apporter un éclairage spécifique à une question classiquement débattue dans les sciences humaines, notamment par la psychologie, la psychanalyse, la sociologie, l'anthropologie, la philosophie (politique, morale ou des sciences): la femme est-elle une mère par nature? Il se situe au point de croisement de la théorie et de la pratique. Il a pour objet la manière dont la psychanalyse a été invitée au chevet du patient, à éclairer le phénomène de la stérilité, lorsque celle-ci ne s'explique pas seulement pour des raisons physiologiques et simultanément, la façon dont les pratiques de procréation médicalement assistée contribuent aujourd'hui à renouveler les hypothèses théoriques de la psychanalyse relative à l'expérience féminine de la grossesse et de la maternité. Cet article s'intéresse notamment à l'une des hypothèses élaborée pour rendre compte de la stérilité (relation de la patiente à sa propre mère et à la ® passivité »).(AU)

Este artículo pretende contribuir a la comprensión de una cuestión específica, clásicamente debatida en las ciencias humanas, especialmente en los campos de la psicología, del psicoanálisis, de la sociología, de la antropología, de la filosofía (política, moral o de las ciencias):¿ La mujer es madre por naturaleza? El texto está en la intersección de la teoría con la práctica. Su objeto se refiere a la manera en que el psicoanálisis fue convocado a la cabecera del paciente, para ayudar a comprender el fenómeno de la esterilidad, cuando dicha esterilidad no se explica solamente por razones fisiológicas. Al mismo tiempo, se discute el modo en que las prácticas de procreación médicamente asistida contribuyen hoy para renovar las hipótesis teóricas del psicoanálisis relativas a la experiencia femenina del embarazo y de la maternidad. Este artículo se centra, especialmente, en una de las hipótesis elaboradas para entender la esterilidad, o sea, la relación de la paciente con su propia madre y con su ôpasividadõ.(AU)

A mulher é mãe por natureza? As técnicas de procriação medicalmente assistidas, à luz da psicanálise, no contexto francês / Is woman a mother by nature? Medically assisted procreation techniques, in the light of psychoanalysis, in the French context / La femme est-elle une mere par nature? Les techniques de procréation médicalement assistée au prisme de la psychanalyse en contexte français / ¿La mujer es madre por naturaleza? Las técnicas de procreación médicamente asistida, a la luz del psicoanálisis, en el contexto francés

Este artigo pretende contribuir para a compreensão de uma questão específica, classicamente debatida nas ciências humanas, especialmente nos campos da psicologia, da psicanálise, da sociologia, da antropologia, da filosofia (política, moral ou das ciências): a mulher é mãe por natureza? O texto se situa na interseção da teoria com a prática. Seu objeto se refere à maneira pela qual a psicanálise foi convocada à cabeceira do paciente, a fim de ajudar a compreender o fenômeno da esterilidade, quando esta não se explica somente por razões fisiológicas. Ao mesmo tempo, discute-se o modo pelo qual as práticas de procriação medicalmente assistidas contribuem hoje para renovar as hipóteses teóricas da psicanálise relativas à experiência feminina da gravidez e da maternidade. Este artigo se centra, em especial, em uma das hipóteses elaboradas para se entender a esterilidade, ou seja, a relação da paciente com sua própria mãe e com sua passividade.

This article aims at contributing to the understanding of a specific issue, classically debated in humanities, especially in the fields of psychology, psychoanalysis, sociology, anthropology and (political, moral or scientific) philosophy: is woman a mother by nature? The text concerns the intersection between theory and practice. Its focus is the way psychoanalysis was summoned to the patient's bedside to help understand the phenomenon of sterility, when it cannot be explained only by physiological reasons. At the same time, it discusses the way by which medically assisted procreation practice nowadays contributes to renew theoretical hypotheses of psychoanalysis related to the female experience of pregnancy and maternity. The article considers particularly one of the hypotheses elaborated to explain sterility, that is, the patient's relation with her own mother and with her passivity.

Cet article se propose d'apporter un éclairage spécifique à une question classiquement débattue dans les sciences humaines, notamment par la psychologie, la psychanalyse, la sociologie, l'anthropologie, la philosophie (politique, morale ou des sciences): la femme est-elle une mère par nature? Il se situe au point de croisement de la théorie et de la pratique. Il a pour objet la manière dont la psychanalyse a été invitée au chevet du patient, à éclairer le phénomène de la stérilité, lorsque celle-ci ne s'explique pas seulement pour des raisons physiologiques et simultanément, la façon dont les pratiques de procréation médicalement assistée contribuent aujourd'hui à renouveler les hypothèses théoriques de la psychanalyse relative à l'expérience féminine de la grossesse et de la maternité. Cet article s'intéresse notamment à l'une des hypothèses élaborée pour rendre compte de la stérilité (relation de la patiente à sa propre mère et à la ® passivité.

Este artículo pretende contribuir a la comprensión de una cuestión específica, clásicamente debatida en las ciencias humanas, especialmente en los campos de la psicología, del psicoanálisis, de la sociología, de la antropología, de la filosofía (política, moral o de las ciencias):¿ La mujer es madre por naturaleza? El texto está en la intersección de la teoría con la práctica. Su objeto se refiere a la manera en que el psicoanálisis fue convocado a la cabecera del paciente, para ayudar a comprender el fenómeno de la esterilidad, cuando dicha esterilidad no se explica solamente por razones fisiológicas. Al mismo tiempo, se discute el modo en que las prácticas de procreación médicamente asistida contribuyen hoy para renovar las hipótesis teóricas del psicoanálisis relativas a la experiencia femenina del embarazo y de la maternidad. Este artículo se centra, especialmente, en una de las hipótesis elaboradas para entender la esterilidad, o sea, la relación de la paciente con su propia madre y con su pasividad.