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1.
Rev. cuba. ortop. traumatol ; 29(2): 122-131, jul.-dic. 2015. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-771815

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: caracterizar microbiológicamente los aislamientos de Staphylococcus aureus recuperados a partir de muestras purulentas tomadas a pacientes con infecciones asociadas a la atención sanitaria en el Hospital Ortopédico Docente "Fructuoso Rodríguez" de enero a mayo de 2014. MÉTODO: estudio descriptivo realizado en el Hospital Ortopédico Docente "Fructuoso Rodríguez" de enero a mayo de 2014 en el que se analizaron 134 muestras de pacientes hospitalizados. El procesamiento de las muestras se realizó por métodos microbiológicos convencionales, y en aquellas donde se recuperó S. aureus se determinó la susceptibilidad antimicrobiana por el método de Bauer Kirby y de E-test para vancomicina. RESULTADOS: En 41,0 % de los aislamientos se identificó S. aureus. El 52,7 % de estos se obtuvieron de heridas quirúrgicas. Se encontró que 50,9 % de los aislamientos de S. aureus fueron meticillin resistentes. No se encontró ninguna cepa resistente a vancomicina. Los aislamientos de S. aureus meticillin resistentes resultaron ser significativamente más resistentes que los de S. aureus meticillin sensibles para eritromicina y las tetraciclinas (tetraciclina y doxiciclina). CONCLUSIONES: S. aureus resultó el microorganismo más encontrado en las muestras purulentas estudiadas. En los aislamientos hospitalarios S. aureus predominó en las heridas quirúrgicas lo cual está en correspondencia con la literatura revisada. La mitad de los aislamientos estudiados resultaron ser S. aureus meticillin resistentes. Todos los antimicrobianos testados, con excepción de vancomicina, mostraron mayores porcentajes de resistencia en los aislamientos meticillin resistentes que en los meticillin sensibles lo que representa un aumento en la estadía hospitalaria y en el costo de la atención médica en aquellos pacientes con S. aureus meticillin resistentes.


OBJECTIVE: microbiologically characterize isolates of Staphylococcus aureus recovered from purulent samples to patients with infections associated with health care at "Fructuoso Rodríguez" Teaching Orthopedic Hospital from January to May 2014. METHOD: a descriptive study was conducted at "Fructuoso Rodríguez" Teaching Orthopedic Hospital from January to May 2014 in which 134 samples from hospitalized patients were analyzed. Sample processing was performed by conventional microbiological methods and for those samples where S. aureus was recovered, antimicrobial susceptibility by the Kirby Bauer method and E-test was determined for vancomycin. RESULTS: 41.0 % of S. aureus isolates were identified. 52.7 % of these were obtained from surgical wounds. It was found that 50.9 % of the isolates were meticillin-resistant S. aureus. No vancomycin resistant strain was found. The isolates of meticillin-resistant S. aureus were significantly more resistant than S. aureus meticillin sensitive to erythromycin and tetracyclines (tetracycline and doxycycline). CONCLUSIONS: S. aureus was the microorganism most found in the purulent samples studied. In hospital S. aureus isolates predominated in the surgical wound which is in line with the literature reviewed. Half of the studied isolates proved meticillin-resistant S. aureus. All antimicrobials tested except vancomycin, showed higher percentages of meticillin resistance in isolates resistant to meticillin sensitive in which an increase in the hospital stay and cost of care for patients with S. aureus meticillin resistant.


OBJECTIF: le but de ce travail est de caractériser du point de vue microbiologique les isolats de Staphylococcus aureus prélevés des échantillons purulents de patients affectés par des infections associées aux soins de santé du service d'orthopédie de l'hôpital universitaire "Fructuoso Rodríguez" depuis janvier jusqu'à mai 2014. MÉTHODES: une étude descriptive de 134 échantillons de patients hospitalisés à l'hôpital universitaire "Fructuoso Rodríguez" a été réalisée depuis janvier jusqu'à mai 2014. L'analyse de ces échantillons a été effectuée par des méthodes microbiologiques conventionnelles. La susceptibilité antimicrobienne a été définie par la méthode de Kirby Bauer et le test de sensibilité à la vancomycine dans les échantillons où le S. aureus a été récupéré. RÉSULTATS: le S. aureus a été identifié dans 41 % des isolats. Une partie (52.7 %) a été obtenue des blessures chirurgicales. On a trouvé que 50.9 % des isolats de S. aureus étaient résistants à la méticilline, tandis qu'aucune souche résistante à la vancomycine n'a été trouvée. Les isolats de S. aureus résistant à la méticilline étaient significativement plus résistants que les isolats de S. aureus sensibles à la méticilline pour l'érythromycine et les tétracyclines (tétracycline et doxicilline). CONCLUSIONS: le Staphylococcus aureus a été le microorganisme le plus souvent trouvé dans les échantillons purulents étudiés. Concernant les isolats hospitaliers, le S. aureus a été en majorité surtout dans les blessures chirurgicales, ce qui est en correspondance avec la littérature révisée. La moitié des isolats analysés ont mis en évidence un Staphylococcus aureus résistant à la méticilline. Tous les antimicrobiens testés, à l'exception de la vancomycine, ont montré des pourcentages de résistance beaucoup plus hauts dans les isolats résistants à la méticilline que dans les isolats sensibles à la méticilline. Ceci a résulté en une augmentation du séjour hospitalier et du coût des soins de santé des patients touchés par S. aureus résistant à la méticilline.


Assuntos
Humanos , Ortopedia , Resistência a Tetraciclina , Técnicas Microbiológicas/métodos , Assistência Hospitalar , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/isolamento & purificação , Epidemiologia Descritiva
2.
Med Mal Infect ; 44(4): 180-3, 2014 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24556453

RESUMO

AIMS: The authors had for aim to assess whether an in-hospital spread of the European community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) clone was on-going in Annaba, Eastern Algeria. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We carried out a molecular epidemiological study of S. aureus strains causing infections in 4 hospitals located in Annaba, between February and October 2010. RESULTS: Our study revealed a very low healthcare-associated MRSA (HCA-MRSA) infection incidence rate of 0.34 per 1000 patient-days. However, the rates of HCA-MRSA strains (85/119) and CA-MRSA (7/29) among S. aureus strains are much higher than those found in France. The European CA-MRSA clone (clonal complex 80, Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec IVc, spa type t044, lukS/F-PV-positive) accounted for 14.1% of all healthcare-associated (HCA) MRSA infections. CONCLUSION: This study confirmed the emerging role of CA-MRSA as HCA pathogens in North-African Africa.


Assuntos
Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/classificação , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Argélia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/epidemiologia , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/microbiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Europa (Continente) , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
3.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique ; 61(5): 455-61, 2013 Oct.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23993689

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The surveillance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a national priority. The rate of MRSA infections is one of six indicators tracked by the Department of Health. Since 2002, the French institute for public health surveillance (InVS) has monitored MRSA infections to estimate incidence density. Today, the use of the French administrative database (PMSI) could facilitate this surveillance. The aim of this study was to compare MRSA incidence density computed at a national level using PMSI databases with the results from the InVS taken as the reference. METHODS: PMSI databases for the years 2006 to 2009 were used. The reference results were those published by the InVS from 2006 to 2009. MRSA density defined as the number of MRSA infections recorded per year over 1000 hospital stays was computed. It was then compared with the MRSA incidence density measured by InVS. The time course of MRSA incidence in the PMSI records was modeled using a Poisson regression. RESULTS: The incidence density measured by the InVS was higher than the MRSA density computed using the PMSI, but this difference appeared to decrease over time. The PMSI density/InVS MRSA incidence density ratio was 0.8% in 2006 and about 9.2% in 2009. We observed inverted trends with a growing trend in MRSA density identified by the PMSI. Furthermore, the year of study was significantly associated with incidence density (P=0.01). CONCLUSION: Using PMSI data as an additional source of information in the hospital MRSA surveillance process makes it possible to detect and analyze patient repeats at the regional and national levels with linkage facilities. Estimation of incidence density for hospitals not participating to this surveillance system will be the next step.


Assuntos
Bases de Dados Factuais/estatística & dados numéricos , Grupos Diagnósticos Relacionados/estatística & dados numéricos , Sistemas Computadorizados de Registros Médicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina , Vigilância da População/métodos , Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia , Análise por Conglomerados , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Bases de Dados Factuais/normas , França/epidemiologia , Hospitais/normas , Hospitais/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Incidência , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Sistemas Computadorizados de Registros Médicos/normas , Infecções Estafilocócicas/economia
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