[Nutritional Status Of Children Under Five During Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention In 2018 At Kita, Mali: Household Survey]. / Statut Nutritionnel Des Enfants De 6 A 59 Mois Au Cours De La Chimio ­ Prevention Du Paludisme Saisonnier En 2018 A Kita, Mali : Enquete De Menage.

INTRODUCTION: Malaria and malnutrition are among the major causes of morbidity and mortality in children under five in Mali. This study is part of the analysis of the association between both in children under five after a seasonal malaria chemoprevention distribution campaign. METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional household survey in rural areas after a seasonal malaria chemoprevention distribution campaign to determine the prevalence of malnutrition and parasitaemia in children under five who had passed the season of high transmission of malaria in the health district of Kita. After obtaining written consent, each child was given a physical examination, hemoglobin testing using the Hemocue machine, a thick drop and a thin smear. , A rapid diagnostic test was performed in febrile children. The data was analyzed with ENA 2020 and Stata software version 15.0. Measures of association were made using the chi-square test and a multiple logistic regression model. Odds ratios were used with a 95% confidence interval and a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS: We selected 308 children aged 6 to 59 months. The prevalence of malaria was 13.6%, it was 15%, 17% and 25% respectively for wasting, underweight and stunting. The susceptibility to malaria increased with age and that of wasting decreased with age. There was no significant relationship between malaria disease and nutritional status. CONCLUSION: There is no significant association between malaria and malnutrition in our study.

INTRODUCTION: Le paludisme et la malnutrition font partie des causes majeures de morbidité et de mortalité chez les enfants de moins de cinq ans au Mali. La présente étude s'inscrit dans le cadre de l'analyse de l'association entre le paludisme et le statut nutritionnel après une campagne de distribution de la chimio-prévention du paludisme saisonnier. MÉTHODES: Une enquête transversale auprès des ménages en milieu rural pour déterminer la prévalence de la malnutrition et de la parasitémie chez les enfants de 6 à 59 mois qui ont passé la saison de transmission dans le district sanitaire de Kita. Après l'obtention d'un consentement écrit, chaque enfant a bénéficié d'un examen clinique, d'un dosage du taux d'hémoglobine, d'une goutte épaisse. Un test de diagnostic rapide a été réalisé chez les enfants fébriles. Les données ont été analysées avec les logiciels ENA 2020 et Stata version 15.0. Les mesures de l'association ont été effectuées par l'utilisation du test de Khi deux et du modèle de régression logistique multiple. RÉSULTATS: au total308 enfants âgés de 6 à 59 mois ont été sélectionné. La prévalence du paludisme était de 13,6%, elle était 15%, 17% et 25% respectivement pour l'émaciation, l'insuffisance pondérale et le retard de croissance. La susceptibilité de faire un paludisme maladie augmentait avec l'âge et celle de l'émaciation diminuait avec l'âge. Il n'y avait pas de relation significative entre le paludisme et le statut nutritionnel. CONCLUSION: il n'y a pas d'association significative entre le paludisme et la malnutrition dans notre étude.

[Nutritional status of elderly hemodialysis people in Tunisia]. / Statut nutritionnel des personnes âgées hémodialysées en Tunisie.

INTRODUCTION: The nutritional status of old hemodialysis patients determines their prognosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spontaneous dietary intake of hemodialysis of elderly patients. METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive study included 40 elderly hemodialysis patients recruited at the M8 nephrology department of Charles Nicolle hospital in Tunis. All patients went through a clinical examination to specify anthropometric measurements and a dietary survey based on food registration for 3 consecutive days to obtain a nutritional assessment. RESULTS: The evaluation of patients' energy intake showed an average daily intake of 25.3±12.3kcal/kg of ideal weight/day. The average total energy intake of patients on dialysis and non-dialysis days was 29.7±17.7kcal/kg and 20.9±6.9kcal/kg, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P=0.001). The average daily protein intake was 0.99±0.57g/kg on the day of no dialysis. It decreased statistically significantly (P=0.005) on the day of no dialysis at 0.73±0.28g/kg. Phosphorus consumption was excessive on dialysis and non-dialysis days respectively in 20% and 3% of cases. Deficiency of calcium intake affected the entire population studied on the day of non-dialysis. Only 6% of patients had a calcium intake satisfactory on the day of dialysis. CONCLUSION: A lot of dietary errors were noticed in our study. The assessment of nutritional intake in elderly people with hemodialysis should be part of their management systematically.

Seguridad alimentaria en alumnos de la Secundaria del sureste mexicano / Food safety among students of Secondary School of southeast Mexico / Sécurité alimentaire chez les élèves de l'école secondaire du sud est au Mexique / Segurança alimentar em estudantes da Escola Secundária do sudeste do México

Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar la seguridad alimentaria de los alumnos de la Secundaria Técnica 26, Chiltepec, Paraíso, Tabasco. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal; en el cual participaron 250 padres y/o tutores de los alumnos de Escuela Secundaria Técnica 26, ubicada en una comunidad rural del municipio de Paraíso, Tabasco. El instrumento empleado para evaluar la seguridad alimentaria fue la Escala Latinoamericana y Caribeña de Seguridad Alimentaria (ELCSA), desarrollado y validado por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO). El análisis de datos se realizó con el software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versión 15 utilizando estadísticos descriptivos. Resultados: El nivel de escolaridad los padres o tutores de los alumnos en cuestión es nivel básico (47.2%), sólo el 29.6% se encuentra laborando y el 69.2% recibe una cantidad menor o igual a $4,000.00 al mes. De estos alumnos, el 86.8% se encuentra en algún nivel de inseguridad alimentaria, siendo la inseguridad alimentaria leve la de mayor prevalencia (38.4%) seguida de la moderada (17.6%). Conclusiones: Los alumnos de la Secundaria Técnica tienen limitado acceso a los alimentos, ya que la mayoría tiene algún grado de inseguridad alimentaria.

Abstract Objective. Evaluate food safety among students of the Technical Secondary School 26, Chiltepec, Paraíso, Tabasco. Materials and methods. Descriptive, cross-sectional study; in which 250 students' parents or tutors of Technical High School 26 participated, located in a rural community of the municipality of Paraíso, Tabasco. The instrument used to evaluate food security was the Latin American and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA), developed and validated by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The data analysis was carried out with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 15 software using descriptive statistics. Results. The level of schooling of students' parents or guardians participating in this study is basic level (47.2%), only 29.6% is working and 69.2% receives an amount less than or equal to $ 4000.00 per month. Of these students, 86.8% are at some level of food insecurity, with slight food insecurity having the highest prevalence (38.4%) followed by moderate (17.6%). Conclusions. Technical High School students have limited access to food, since most have some degree of food insecurity.

Resumo Objetivo. Avaliar a segurança alimentar dos estudantes da Escola Secundária de Ensino Técnico 26, Chiltepec, Paraíso, Tabasco. Materiais e métodos. Estudo descritivo, transversal, no qual participaram 250 pais e/ou tutores dos alunos da Escola Secundária de Ensino Técnico 26, localizada numa comunidade rural do município de Paraíso, Tabasco. O instrumento utilizado para avaliar a segurança alimentar foi a Escala latino-americana e caribenha de Segurança Alimentar (ELCSA), desenvolvida e validada pela Organização das Nações Unidas para a Alimentação e Agricultura (FAO). Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se o Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 15 para a estatística descritiva. Resultados. O grau de escolaridade dos pais ou tutores dos alunos envolvidos situa-se a nível do ensino básico (47,2%), apenas 29,6% estão a trabalhar e 69,2% recebem como salário menor ou igual a US $ 4000,00 por mês. Destes estudantes, 86,8% apresentam alguma insegurança alimentar. A insegurança alimentar leve representa a maior prevalência (38,4%) e a moderada (17,6%). Conclusões. Os alunos da Escola Secundária do ensino técnico têm acesso limitado aos alimentos, uma vez que a maioria possui algum grau de insegurança alimentar.

Résume Objectif. Évaluer la sécurité alimentaire des élèves de l'école secondaire technique 26, Chiltepec, Paraíso, Tabasco. Matériaux et méthodes. Étude descriptive et transversale; dans laquelle ont participé 250 parents et / ou tuteurs des étudiants de l'école secondaire technique 26, qui est situé dans une communauté rurale de la municipalité de Paraíso, Tabasco. L'instrument utilisé pour évaluer la sécurité alimentaire était l'échelle de mesure de la sécurité alimentaire pour l'Amérique latine et les Caraïbes (ELCSA), élaborée et validée par l'Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture (FAO). L'analyse des données a été réalisée à l'aide du logiciel SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 15 à l'aide de statistiques descriptives. Résultats. Le niveau de scolarité des parents ou des tuteurs des élèves qui ont participé dans l'étude est de base (47,2%), seulement 29,6% travaille et 69,2% reçoivent un montant inférieur ou égal à 4 000 pesos par mois. Parmi ces étudiants, 86,8% sont dans un certain niveau d'insécurité alimentaire, étant l'insécurité alimentaire légère la plus prévalent (38,4%) suivie de modérée (17,6%). Conclusions. Les élèves du secondaire technique ont un accès limité à la nourriture, car la plupart ont un certain degré d'insécurité alimentaire.

[Toxicity of docetaxel, platine, 5-fluorouracil-based induction chemotherapy for locally advanced head and neck cancer: The importance of nutritional status]. / Toxicité de la chimiothérapie d'induction par docétaxel, platine, 5-fluorouracile (TPF) pour les cancers des voies aérodigestives supérieures localement évolués en routine clinique : importance du statut nutritionnel.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to identify predictive factors of toxicity of docetaxel, platin, 5-fluorouracil (TPF) induction chemotherapy for locally advanced head and neck cancers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From July 2009 to March 2015, 57 patients treated consecutively with TPF were included retrospectively. There were 47 males (83%), the median age was 56 years [40-71 years]. Thirty-eight patients (67%) were treated for inoperable cancer (highly symptomatic and/or high tumor burden) and 19 (33%) were treated for laryngeal preservation. There were 47% stage IVa, 32% stage III and 21% stage IVb. At diagnosis, there were 53% stable weight, 28% grade 1 weight loss, 17% grade 2 weight loss and 2% grade 3 weight loss. RESULTS: Forty-seven percent of patients were in partial response after TPF, 28% in complete response, 7% stable, 2% progressing and 2% discordant response. The possibility of oral feeding without a feeding tube was predictive of a better response (P=0.02). Thirty-nine percent of patients increased weight during TPF, 35% were stable, 18% in grade 1 weight loss, 6% in grade 2 and 2% in grade 3. Six of the patients (10.5%) died during chemotherapy: four from febrile neutropenia, one from pneumopathy and one of unknown cause. Age 57years and older was associated with a higher risk of grade≥3 anemia and thrombocytopenia. There was a higher risk of grade≥3 infection for weight loss at diagnosis (P=0.04) and feeding tube (P=0.05). There was a higher risk of grade≥3 neutropenia for weight loss during TPF (P=0.03). CONCLUSION: Induction chemotherapy by TPF has an strong anti-tumor efficacy (75.5% objective response) but an important morbidity with 10% toxic deaths in our very symptomatic population with a very important tumor burden. Age and nutritional status are important factors to consider.

Somatic growth from birth to 6 months in low birth weight, in Bukavu, South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

BACKGROUND: Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the leading causes of perinatal and infant morbidity and mortality, as well as of impaired growth and neurocognitive development. This study aimed to evaluate the evolution of anthropometric parameters and the nutritional status of LBW infants and to analyze factors influencing the growth failure during their first 6 months of life (or adjusted age). METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study for 6 months, including 100 infants born with LBW and 100 infants born at full-term and with normal weight. The z-scores weight for age, height for age, head circumference for age and weight for height were computed with the software Epinut and WHO Anthro 2005. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with growth failure. Growth failure was defined as a decrease in weight z-score (standard deviation score) of over 0.67 during one of the study's periods. The statistical significance threshold was fixed at 0.05. FINDINGS: At 6 months of life (or adjusted age), 15.3% of LBW were underweight, 51.4% were stunted, 4.2% had an emaciation and 25% had a head circumference for age<-2 z-scores. Risk factor for growth failure was male sex (OR=1.56 [95% CI: 1.03-2.23]). The symmetrical intra-uterine growth retardation was a protector factor for growth failure (OR=0.49 [95% CI: 0.25-0.98]). CONCLUSION: In the short term, LBW infants may have growth disorders. It is necessary to emphasize the importance of growth assessment of LBW children and proper education of their mothers about nutrition of their children for early and timely diagnosis and management of growth retardation and prevention of subsequent problems.

Food parenting practices and their association with child nutrition risk status: comparing mothers and fathers.

In Canada, little is known about how food parenting practices are associated with young children's dietary intakes and no studies have examined food parenting practices of Canadian fathers. This study aimed to examine associations between food parenting practices and preschool-age children's nutrition risk. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of thirty-one 2-parent families; 31 mothers, 31 fathers, and 40 preschool-age children. Parents completed an adapted version of the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire. We calculated children's nutrition risk using their NutriSTEP score. To account for sibling association, we used generalized estimating equations, adjusting for child age, sex, household income, and parental body mass index. Both mothers' and fathers' involvement of children in meal preparation were associated with lower child nutrition risk (mother [Formula: see text] = -3.45, p = 0.02; father [Formula: see text] = -1.74, p = 0.01), as were their healthy home environment scores (mother [Formula: see text] = -8.36, p < 0.001; father [Formula: see text] = -2.69, p = 0.04). Mothers' encouragement of balance and variety was associated with lower nutrition risk ([Formula: see text] = -8.88, p = 0.01), whereas mothers' use of food as a reward was associated with higher nutrition risk ([Formula: see text] = 4.67, p < 0.001). Fathers' modelling of healthy behaviours was associated with lower nutrition risk ([Formula: see text] = -2.21, p = 0.01), whereas fathers' restriction for health ([Formula: see text] = 2.21, p = 0.03) and pressure-to-eat scores ([Formula: see text] = 3.26, p = <0.001) were associated with higher nutrition risk. No associations were found between child nutrition status and parental emotion regulation, control, monitoring, or restriction for weight. In conclusion, both mothers' and fathers' food parenting practices are associated with their children's nutrition status. Fathers should be included in food parenting practices interventions.

Protein carbonyl levels correlate with performance in elite field hockey players.

Excess and incorrectly selected exercise can degrade athletic performance from an imbalance in redox homeostasis and oxidative stress, but well-planned training and nutrition can improve antioxidant capacity. The aim of the study was to investigate how nutrient intake could influence oxidative stress and cell lesion biomarkers after 5 days of training followed by a game. Blood was collected from 10 athletes at the start of training (basal), after training (pre-game), and postgame. Their acceleration capacity also was measured pre- and postgame. Blood analysis showed an increase in lactate concentration postgame (13%) and total antioxidant capacity increased both pre-game (13.1%) and postgame (12.7%), all in comparison with basal levels. An oxidative stress marker, protein carbonyl (PC), increased 3-fold over the course of the game, which correlated with a decreased acceleration (r = 0.749). For biomarkers of tissue damage, creatine kinase and aspartate transaminase (AST) increased postgame by 150% and 75%, respectively. The AST variation had a high negative correlation with energy and carbohydrate consumption and a moderate correlation with lipid and vitamin C intake. Protein intake had a positive but moderate correlation with reduced glutathione. The observed correlations suggest that nutritional monitoring can improve exercise physiological homeostasis and that PC serves as a good biomarker for oxidative stress and performance loss.

[Nutritional status in patients with recurrent glioblastoma]. / Évaluation du statut nutritionnel chez les patients présentant un glioblastome en récidive.

INTRODUCTION: Nutritional status is a major clinical parameter in multiple cancers. Indeed, nutritional status is a prognostic factor and a predictor of response and toxicity to treatments in breast and lung cancers for instance. To our knowledge, in patients suffering from malignant primary brain tumors, nutritional status has been poorly investigated. METHODS: Nutritional status of 26 glioblastoma patients relapsing after a first line of treatment was studied. The body mass index (BMI), the prognostic inflammatory and nutritional index (PINI) and the instant nutritional score (INS) were assessed. RESULTS: The BMI was abnormal in 12 patients, two were malnourished while 10 were overweight. The BMI was not correlated to age of patients. Overweight status did not impact patient survival but it was associated with reduced performance status. The PINI was abnormal in three patients. Finally, the INS was abnormal in 24 patients, noted 2 (n=22) or 4 (n=4). CONCLUSIONS/DISCUSSION: Our results were not in favor of systematic nutritional support in patients with recurrent glioblastoma after a first line of treatment. Being overweight does not influence prognosis but may influence performance status. Steroid therapy and chemotherapy (inducing sodium and water retention and lymphopenia) weaken the relevance of BMI and INS for nutritional assessment in patients with recurrent glioblastoma. Further studies using additional nutritional tests in larger, independent and prospective cohorts of patients are warranted to obtain more details.