Stakeholder analysis in health innovation planning processes: A systematic scoping review.

Integrating health innovations into the health system is a complex endeavour that requires a well-designed planning process engaging key stakeholders. Stakeholder analyses lay the foundations to inform appropriate planning processes and undertake strategic actions. A systematic scoping review was performed to explore how stakeholder analyses are applied in health innovation planning processes and a guideline to report stakeholder analyses was developed. The literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus and DOAJ; grey literature was sought using Google. Articles reporting stakeholder analyses during the planning process of health policies, systems, products and technologies, and services and delivery methods were included. Fifty-one records were incorporated in the qualitative synthesis. Stakeholder analyses were conducted worldwide, used in all types of health innovations, applied in all phases of the planning process and conducted both prospectively and retrospectively. The steps followed to perform stakeholder analysis, the methods used, the stakeholder attributes analysed and how authors reported the analyses were heterogeneous. Forty-one studies reported the identification of stakeholders, 50 differentiated/categorised them and 25 analysed stakeholder relationships. Only some authors proposed future actions based on the results obtained in their stakeholder analysis. A list of Reporting Items for Stakeholder Analysis (i.e., the RISA tool) is proposed to contribute to the reporting guidelines to enhancing the quality and transparency of health research.

Gestión estratégica para hospitales universitarios / Strategic management for university hospitals

Resumen Introducción. Existen varias concepciones y escuelas que sustentan los procesos de gestión estratégica. Los hospitales universitarios, al ser un tipo particular de organización por su triple misión de prestación de servicios de salud, docencia e investigación, requieren de la aplicación de un enfoque estratégico para su gestión. Objetivo. Presentar la propuesta de un perfil estratégico para un hospital universitario. Materiales y métodos. Se analizaron los referentes teóricos de la gestión estratégica y se estudiaron algunos componentes particulares de la gestión hospitalaria; con estos criterios, se examinó el proceso de gestión estratégica de tres instituciones hospitalarias de alta complejidad de Bogotá, D.C. y se construyó una propuesta de perfil, tanto de los objetivos como de las estrategias funcionales para el hospital. Resultados. Se presentan las principales escuelas de pensamiento estratégico, se describe el proceso y los componentes de la gestión estratégica y se plantea un perfil de gestión estratégica para un hospital universitario. Conclusión. La orientación estratégica de la gestión para una institución con características de hospital universitario facilita el logro de sus objetivos organizacionales.

Abstract Introduction: There are several approaches and schools that support strategic management processes. University hospitals require the implementation of a strategic approach to their management, since they are a particular type of organization with the triple mission of providing health care, education and research. Objective: To propose a strategic profile for a university hospital. Materials and methods: The theoretical framework of strategic management was analyzed and some particular components of hospital management were studied; based on these criteria, the strategic management process in three high complexity hospitals of Bogotá, D.C. was examined and a profile of both the objectives and the functional strategies for the hospital was proposed. Results: The main strategic thinking schools are presented; the processes and components of strategic management are described, and a strategic management profile for a university hospital is proposed. Conclusion: The strategic orientation of management for an institution with the characteristics of a university hospital facilitates achieving organizational objectives.