Photobiomodulation inhibits inflammation in the temporomandibular joint of rats.

Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been applied as a non-invasive technique for treating temporomandibular joint symptoms, especially on painful condition's relief, however the anti-inflammatory mechanism underlying the effect of PBM remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the mechanisms of action of PBM (808 nm) in a carrageenan-induced inflammation on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of rats. In this study male Wistar rats were pre-treated with irradiation of a low-power diode laser for 15 s on TMJ (infra-red 808 nm, 100 mW, 50 J/cm2 and 1.5 J) 15 min prior an injection in the temporomandibular joint of carrageenan (100 µg/TMJ). 1 h after the TMJ treatments, the rats were terminally anesthetized for joint cavity wash and periarticular tissues collect. Samples analysis demonstrated that PBM inhibit leukocytes chemotaxis in the TMJ and significantly reduces amounts of TNF-α, IL-1ß and CINC-1. In addition, Western blotting analysis demonstrated that PBM significantly decreased the protein levels of P2X3 and P2X7 receptors in the periarticular tissues. On the other hand, PBM was able to increase protein level of IL-10 (anti-inflammatory cytokine). In summary, it is possible to suggest that PBM inhibit inflammatory chemotaxis, modulation the balance of the pro- and anti-inflammatory characteristics of inflammatory cells.

Discopexia bilateral em paciente edêntula com dor orofacial / Bilateral discopexy in edentulous patient whit orofacial pain

A disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) pode acometer os músculos mastigatórios, articulação temporomadibular (ATM) e estruturas adjacentes. Os sintomas mais comuns são: dor na região da ATM e dos músculos da mastigação, mas, em casos mais graves, podem acometer outras regiões faciais, que afetam diretamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Tanto as abordagens cirúrgicas como não cirúrgicas podem ser usadas dependendo da etiologia e gravidade da doença. O tratamento tem como objetivo aliviar os sintomas e, consequentemente, melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Objetiva também descrever um caso no qual foi realizada a discopexia como alternativa cirúrgica em uma paciente que teve tratamentos conservadores mal sucedidos para aliviar a dor facial, discutindo as características dos distúrbios de articulação e as formas de tratamento. A paciente continuou com tratamento fisioterápico funcional e evoluiu sem queixas álgicas, relatando melhora na qualidade de vida. A abordagem cirúrgica não deve ser considerada a primeira escolha, quando houver dor facial, no entanto, sob condições de sintomas persistentes e crônicos, alternativas, como a discopexia e cirurgia na articulação temporomandibular, podem ser consideradas para benefício do paciente... (AU)

Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) can affect the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and adjacent structures. The most common symptoms are pain in the TMJ region and chewing muscles, but in more severe cases can affect other facial regions that directly affect the quality of life of patients. Both surgical and non-surgical approaches may be used depending on the etiology and severity of the disease and the goal of treatment is to alleviate symptoms and thereby improve patients' quality of life. The aim of the present article is to describe a case where discopexy was performed as a surgical alternative in a patient who had unsuccessful conservative treatments to relieve facial pain, discussing the characteristics of joint disorders and treatment modalities. The patient continued with functional physiotherapeutic treatment and evolved without pain complaints, reporting improvement in quality of life. The surgical approach should not be considered the first choice when there is facial pain. However, under conditions of persistent and chronic symptoms, alternatives such as discopexy and temporomandibular joint surgery may be considered for the benefit of the patient... (AU)

Egresos hospitalarios debidos a trastorno de la articulación temporomandibular de 1997 al 2013, CCSS

El siguiente estudio descriptivo analiza los casos reportados sobre trastorno de la enfermedad temporomandibular de la base de datos del Registro de Egresos Hospitalarios del Área de Estadísticas de Salud de la Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social, acontecidos durante los años 1997 al 2013, los cuales fueron analizados por el comportamiento de las variables epidemiológicas de tiempo, lugar y persona; medidas de frecuencia y estadística no paramétrica. La finalidad de este artículo es investigar la casuística que propicie en el profesional en Odontología una herramienta para el diagnóstico precoz, que contribuya al establecimiento individual de medidas de prevención e intervención de los factores de riesgo detectados. Se registró un total de 167 casos de trastorno de la articulación temporomandibular según la Clasificación Internacional de las Enfermedades CIE-10. Dentro de los resultados obtenidos se tiene que la razón fue de 2,71 mujeres por cada hombre egresado con tal trastorno. La tasa por edad obtuvo mayor predominio en la población de 20 a 44 años, y fue de 5,63 X 100.00 habitantes, así como un riesgo relativo para este mismo grupo de 10,64, pero la tasa por localización geográfica en nuestro país fue de 8,37 por cada 100.000 habitantes para el caso concreto de la provincia de Limón.

The following descriptive study analyzes reported cases of temporomandibular disease disorder, according to the database of registered hospital discharged from the Health Statistics Area of the Costa Rican Social Security occurred during the years 1997 to 2013, which analyzed the behavior of the epidemiological variables of time, place and person; frequency measurements and nonparametric statistics. The purpose of this article is to investigate the mix of case that would give the professional in dentistry, a tool for early diagnosis which contributes to the individual establishment of prevention and intervention of risk factors detected. A total of 167 cases of temporomandibular joint disorder were recorded according to the International Classification of Diseases ICD-10. The ratio from the obtained results was 2.71 females for every male graduate with temporomandibular joint disorder. Age rate obtained predominance in the population of 20-44 years being 5.63 X 100.00 inhabitants and a relative risk for this same group of 10.64 and the rate per geographical location in our country was 8.37 per 100,000 inhabitants, this for the case of the Limon province.

Prevalência de disfunção temporomandibular em pacientes com sindrome de Moebius: aspectos clínicos e imaginológicos / Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in patients with Moebius syndrome: clinical and imaging

A síndrome de Moebius (SM) é pouco frequente e caracterizada por paralisia total ou parcial de certos pares cranianos, obrigatoriamente VI e VII, podendo associar-se a outras anormalidades. Clinicamente ocorre falta de expressão facial, hipoplasia da língua, micrognatia, lábio curto e maloclusão. Disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) não tem sido estudada em pacientes com SM. O objetivo deste estudo é conhecer a prevalência de DTM em pacientes com SM e comparar a incidência e tipo de DTM com um grupo controle. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo clínico caso controle observacional randomizado, no Centro de Atendimento a Pacientes Especiais (CAPE) da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo (FOUSP), entre julho de 2007 e dezembro de 2009, que avaliou 101 pacientes divididos em dois grupos: Grupo de estudo (GE) composto por 36 pacientes com SM, sendo 16 do gênero masculino e 20 do gênero feminino, com idade média de 10,2 anos, variando de 3 a 18 anos de idade; e grupo controle (GC) composto por 65 pacientes sem SM e sem nenhuma deformidade crânio facial, sendo 36 do gênero masculino e 29 do gênero feminino, com idade média de 10,7 anos, variando entre 3 e 18 anos. Nossos resultados mostraram que dos 36 pacientes do GE, 20 tinham DTM ou sinal de DTM (bruxismo). Desses 20 pacientes com DTM, 15 realizaram tomografias computadorizadas de ATM (TCs). Dos 65 pacientes do GC, 8 tinham DTM ou sinal de DTM (bruxismo) e 6 concordaram em realizar as TCs. Foram obtidas imagens volumétricas multiplanares e 3D. As alterações morfológicas indicando processo degenerativo encontrado nos exames de imagem encontradas nos dois grupos foram semelhantes. Concluimos que DTM é mais frequente em pacientes com SM e que o diagnóstico em idade tenra pode representar uma oportunidade de prevenção e tratamento precoce da doença evitando sequelas futuras. Por esta razão a avaliação da ATM deve ser incluída no exame clínico odontológico rotineiro de pacientes com a SM.

Moebius syndrome (MS) is rare and characterized by partial or total paralysis of some cranial nerves, unavoidably VI and VII, and may be associated with other abnormalities. The clinical aspects include lack of facial expression, hypoplasia of the tongue, micrognathia, short lip and malocclusion. Temporomandibular Joint disorders (TMJ) has not been studied in patients with MS. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of TJD in patients with MS and to compare the incidence and type of TMJ with a control group. We conducted a case-control randomized observational clinical study at the Special Care Dentistry Center, Dental School, University of São Paulo, between July 2007 and December 2009, which evaluated 101 patients divided into two groups: Study group (SG), composed of 36 patients with MS, 16 males and 20 females, mean age 10.2 years, ranging from 3 to18 years of age, and the control group (CG) composed of 65 patients without MS and with no craniofacial deformity, 36 male and 29 female, mean age 10.7 years, ranging between 3 and 18 years. Among 36 patients of the SG, 20 had TMJ. Among them, 15 were submitted to computed tomography (CT). Of the 65 CG patients, 8 had TMJ and 6 were submitted to CTs. Volumetric multiplanar and 3D images were obtained. The morphological changes of the TMJ demonstrating the pattern of the degenerative process found in patients with SM was similar to that found in people from control group. We concluded that the prevalence of TMJ in patients with MS is higher in SM patients and the diagnosis at an early age may represent an opportunity for prevention and early treatment of disease by avoiding future sequels. For this reason the evaluation of the TMJ should be included in routine clinical dental examination of patients with MS.