RESUMO
Objetivo: identificar a estratificação de risco para tromboembolismo venoso em pacientes de traumas ortopédicos. Método: estudo de abordagem quantitativa, descritivo, do tipo transversal, com dados coletados de março a agosto de 2021 e risco de tromboembolismo venoso baseado na escala de Pádua e na escala de Caprini. Resultados: a amostra do estudo foi deâ¯216 pacientes, composta pela maioria do sexo masculino, com a mediana de idade de 37 anos. Em relação a gravidade do paciente, 60,19% foram classificados como atendimento de urgência e o tipo de acidente mais frequente foi o motociclístico. A região mais acometida em decorrência do trauma foi a perna e a coxa, sendo descritos os principais determinantes para a elevação da escala. Conclusão: o tromboembolismo venoso é um evento passível de atenção e cuidados para a prevenção. Por isso, a avaliação para estratificação de risco deve ser realizada para todos os pacientes vítimas de traumas ortopédicos.
Objective: to identify stratification of venous thromboembolism risk in orthopedic trauma patients. Method: in this quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, data were collected from March to August 2021 and risk of venous thromboembolism based on the Padua and Caprini scales. Results: the study sample of 216, mostly male, patients were of median age 37 years. The patients were classified, by severity, as 60.19% emergency care and motorcycle accidents were the most frequent type. Leg and thigh were the region most affected by trauma and the main determinants for raising the scale were described. Conclusion: venous thromboembolism is an event amenable to preventive attention and care. Risk stratification assessment should thus be performed for all orthopedic trauma patients.
Objetivo: identificar la estratificación del riesgo de tromboembolismo venoso en pacientes de traumas ortopédicos. Método: estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, con datos recolectados de marzo a agosto de 2021 y riesgo de tromboembolismo venoso con base en la escala de Padua y la escala de Caprini. Resultados: la muestra del estudio estuvo constituida por 216 pacientes, en su mayoría del sexo masculino, con un promedio de edad de 37 años. En cuanto a la gravedad del paciente, el 60,19% se clasificó como atención de urgencia y el tipo de accidente más frecuente fue el de motocicleta. La región más afectada a consecuencia del traumatismo fue la pierna y el muslo, y se describieron los principales determinantes para la elevación de la escala. Conclusión: el tromboembolismo venoso es un evento que requiere atención y cuidados para su prevención. Por lo tanto, se debe realizar una evaluación de la estratificación del riesgo para todos los pacientes víctimas de traumas ortopédicos.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: There is concern regarding the high incidence of thrombosis in plastic surgery patients. For this reason, we wanted to compare the results of the Caprini/Pannucci score in patients with and without a past history of thrombosis admitted for aesthetic plastic surgery. METHODS: This was a case-control study of 152 patients undergoing aesthetic plastic surgery procedures. We formed two groups: Group I had 70 patients who had thrombosis after aesthetic plastic surgery and group II had 82 patients without thrombosis. We studied the considered risk factors for thrombosis. We weighted the factors according to the OR and linear regressions. We then related them to the Caprini/Pannucci score. RESULTS: Patients in group I had a score of 5.68 versus 3.45 in group II (p < 0.001). There was a 9.86% increase in thrombosis for each increased point in the rating. A higher effectiveness of the Caprini score was found in the high-score group; the greatest flaw was in the low-scoring group. The sensitivity was 75.71%, and the specificity was 70.73%. The factors with the greatest impact were the infiltration of fat in the buttocks, degree of obesity and time of surgery. There was an increased risk of thrombosis in patients with gluteal fat injections, varicose veins, obesity and immune disorders as well as those who had previously given birth. CONCLUSION: To increase the effectiveness of the score and to use the score as a basis on which to decide upon prophylactic care, it is necessary to modify the score and add some factors. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .